Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blae048
Daniel Varajão de Latorre, Charles R Marshall
While the mammalian baculum shows enormous morphological variability, the baculum of canids is highly conserved, with most variation restricted to size. Here, we explore the allometric relationship between baculum length and body size in extant and extinct canids. Examination of 26 species in the extant subfamily Caninae using standard linear regression revealed isometry. Phylogenetic regression also revealed an allometric slope indistinguishable from isometry. This pattern differs from the substantially negative slopes seen in other mammalian clades. The strength of the canid allometric relationship (r2) is also greater than in other clades, suggesting functional constraints on their baculum size. The constraints may be related to the copulatory tie that is characteristic of canids, and/or their monogamous mating system. Complete bacula are known from just four extinct species. The two complete bacula from the extinct subfamily Borophaginae (Aelurodon ferox and Aelurodon stirtoni) fall on the same allometric relationship as the living canids. However, the baculum of the extinct dire wolf (Aenocyon dirus, from the extant subfamily Caninae) and from the extinct subfamily Herperocyoninae, Hesperocyon gregarius, are significantly longer than expected based on their body sizes, suggesting that they may have had a different reproductive biology from that of extant canines.
{"title":"Evolutionary allometry of the canid baculum (Carnivora: Mammalia)","authors":"Daniel Varajão de Latorre, Charles R Marshall","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blae048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blae048","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 While the mammalian baculum shows enormous morphological variability, the baculum of canids is highly conserved, with most variation restricted to size. Here, we explore the allometric relationship between baculum length and body size in extant and extinct canids. Examination of 26 species in the extant subfamily Caninae using standard linear regression revealed isometry. Phylogenetic regression also revealed an allometric slope indistinguishable from isometry. This pattern differs from the substantially negative slopes seen in other mammalian clades. The strength of the canid allometric relationship (r2) is also greater than in other clades, suggesting functional constraints on their baculum size. The constraints may be related to the copulatory tie that is characteristic of canids, and/or their monogamous mating system. Complete bacula are known from just four extinct species. The two complete bacula from the extinct subfamily Borophaginae (Aelurodon ferox and Aelurodon stirtoni) fall on the same allometric relationship as the living canids. However, the baculum of the extinct dire wolf (Aenocyon dirus, from the extant subfamily Caninae) and from the extinct subfamily Herperocyoninae, Hesperocyon gregarius, are significantly longer than expected based on their body sizes, suggesting that they may have had a different reproductive biology from that of extant canines.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141270639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blae052
{"title":"Correction to: Phylogeography and ecological niche modelling of the South American cricetid rodent Graomys griseoflavus, with insights into its chromosomal evolution","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blae052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blae052","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141116236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blae047
Catherine Jung, Jeffrey H Frederick, Natalie R Graham, Ian J Wang, Calvin Fenton, Kevin de Queiroz, Rayna C Bell, Michael L Yuan
Species distributed across heterogeneous environments may undergo local adaptation, which can be limited by the homogenizing effects of gene flow. Lesser Antillean anoles exhibit dorsal colour variation associated with dramatic shifts in environment across small spatial scales, providing an excellent system for studying the maintenance of local adaptation despite ongoing gene flow. The 1995 Soufriere Hills eruption on Montserrat provides an opportunity to understand how natural disasters may influence the evolution of insular species. Thus, our study had two main objectives. First, we collected genetic, phenotypic, and environmental data to investigate whether environmentally associated dorsal coloration reflects underlying population structure in three species of Lesser Antillean anoles. Second, we examined the short-term evolutionary consequences of volcanism by comparing pre- and posteruption samples of Anolis lividus using multilocus sequence data. We found all three species exhibited genetic isolation-by-distance but not isolation-by-environment. Furthermore, phenotypic differences within each species were not predicted by genetic distances, suggesting gene flow across colour morphs. We confirmed the repopulation of A. lividus in the impacted area and found genetic diversity equivalent to pre-eruption sampling. Our findings contribute to our understanding of local adaptation in spatially small-scale systems and the impact of catastrophic natural disasters on population structure.
分布在异质环境中的物种可能会进行局部适应，而这种适应可能会受到基因流同质化效应的限制。小安的列斯鼹鼠的背色变异与小空间范围内环境的剧烈变化有关，这为研究在基因不断流动的情况下维持局部适应性提供了一个极好的系统。1995 年蒙特塞拉特苏弗里埃尔火山爆发为了解自然灾害如何影响岛屿物种的进化提供了一个机会。因此，我们的研究有两个主要目标。首先，我们收集了遗传、表型和环境数据，研究与环境相关的背色是否反映了小安的列斯群岛三种鳗鲡的潜在种群结构。其次，我们利用多焦点序列数据比较了火山爆发前和火山爆发后的红鳗样本，研究了火山爆发的短期进化后果。我们发现这三个物种都表现出了遗传上的距离隔离，但没有表现出环境隔离。此外，遗传距离并不能预测每个物种内部的表型差异，这表明不同颜色形态之间存在基因流动。我们确认了受影响地区的 A. lividus 的重新繁殖，并发现其遗传多样性与灭绝前的取样相当。我们的研究结果有助于我们了解小规模空间系统中的局部适应性以及灾难性自然灾害对种群结构的影响。
{"title":"Environmentally associated colour divergence does not coincide with population structure across Lesser Antillean anoles","authors":"Catherine Jung, Jeffrey H Frederick, Natalie R Graham, Ian J Wang, Calvin Fenton, Kevin de Queiroz, Rayna C Bell, Michael L Yuan","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blae047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blae047","url":null,"abstract":"Species distributed across heterogeneous environments may undergo local adaptation, which can be limited by the homogenizing effects of gene flow. Lesser Antillean anoles exhibit dorsal colour variation associated with dramatic shifts in environment across small spatial scales, providing an excellent system for studying the maintenance of local adaptation despite ongoing gene flow. The 1995 Soufriere Hills eruption on Montserrat provides an opportunity to understand how natural disasters may influence the evolution of insular species. Thus, our study had two main objectives. First, we collected genetic, phenotypic, and environmental data to investigate whether environmentally associated dorsal coloration reflects underlying population structure in three species of Lesser Antillean anoles. Second, we examined the short-term evolutionary consequences of volcanism by comparing pre- and posteruption samples of Anolis lividus using multilocus sequence data. We found all three species exhibited genetic isolation-by-distance but not isolation-by-environment. Furthermore, phenotypic differences within each species were not predicted by genetic distances, suggesting gene flow across colour morphs. We confirmed the repopulation of A. lividus in the impacted area and found genetic diversity equivalent to pre-eruption sampling. Our findings contribute to our understanding of local adaptation in spatially small-scale systems and the impact of catastrophic natural disasters on population structure.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140937476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-09DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blae050
Ariane Pouliot-Drouin, Thierry Niaison, Sophie Breton, Stefano Bettinazzi
The process of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in mitochondria depends on an electrochemical gradient known as the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm). Reflecting high functionality, elevated Δψm usually depicts healthy mitochondria and contributes to organelle selection. This study investigates whether mitochondrial properties linked with bioenergetics, such as Δψm, play a role in paternal inheritance of mitochondria. More specifically, the study looks at how sperm Δψm responds to egg chemoattractants in bivalves characterized by distinct mitochondrial inheritance patterns: strict maternal inheritance (SMI) and doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI), the latter displaying sex-specific transmission of paternal mitochondrial DNA. Sperm Δψm was examined in four bivalve species: the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) (DUI), plus the hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) and the soft-shell clam (Mya arenaria) (SMI). In the absence of egg chemoattractants, sperm Δψm did not vary between the two groups. However, there was a trend of increase in Δψm following egg detection only in sperm bearing paternally derived mitochondria (DUI). This suggests, along with bioenergetic changes, that Δψm modulation might be a specific property of at least some DUI species, possibly implicated in their unique ability to transmit their mitochondria in a sex-specific fashion.
{"title":"Investigating the role of mitochondrial membrane potential in paternal inheritance of mitochondria","authors":"Ariane Pouliot-Drouin, Thierry Niaison, Sophie Breton, Stefano Bettinazzi","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blae050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blae050","url":null,"abstract":"The process of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in mitochondria depends on an electrochemical gradient known as the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm). Reflecting high functionality, elevated Δψm usually depicts healthy mitochondria and contributes to organelle selection. This study investigates whether mitochondrial properties linked with bioenergetics, such as Δψm, play a role in paternal inheritance of mitochondria. More specifically, the study looks at how sperm Δψm responds to egg chemoattractants in bivalves characterized by distinct mitochondrial inheritance patterns: strict maternal inheritance (SMI) and doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI), the latter displaying sex-specific transmission of paternal mitochondrial DNA. Sperm Δψm was examined in four bivalve species: the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) (DUI), plus the hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) and the soft-shell clam (Mya arenaria) (SMI). In the absence of egg chemoattractants, sperm Δψm did not vary between the two groups. However, there was a trend of increase in Δψm following egg detection only in sperm bearing paternally derived mitochondria (DUI). This suggests, along with bioenergetic changes, that Δψm modulation might be a specific property of at least some DUI species, possibly implicated in their unique ability to transmit their mitochondria in a sex-specific fashion.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140937407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-25DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blae049
{"title":"Correction to: Stability of parallel evolution in shell traits between the littoral and sublittoral ecotypes of the Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna along a 17-year time series","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blae049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blae049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140657525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-23DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blae035
Jaina Agan, Joseph M. Macedonia, J. Grindstaff, Stanley F Fox
Many animal species have evolved striking colour patterns that attract the opposite sex and intimidate rivals. Although conspicuous coloration is usually restricted to adults in the context of reproduction, this is not always the case. Juvenile collared lizards (Crotaphytus collaris) are sexually dichromatic, wherein males exhibit ‘dorsolateral bars’ that are bright orange and showy, whereas females are light tan and inconspicuous. Given that adult male collared lizards suffer increased predation because of bright adult coloration, we hypothesized that juvenile males might also be more detectable to predators owing to the conspicuousness of their dorsolateral bars. To test this hypothesis, we measured the reflectance of the dorsolateral bars, non-bar background body regions, and the rocky habitat in which the lizards live. We modelled the vision of our study species and its dominant predators to quantify and compare statistically the contrasts of male and female dorsolateral bars against the natural rock background. We also calculated lizard survivorship over a 4 year study period. We found that male orange bars exhibited significantly higher chromatic contrast, but significantly lower achromatic contrast, than female bars when perceived through all visual models. However, the dorsolateral background colour of juvenile males and females did not differ significantly in chromatic or achromatic contrast from rocks in any visual model. Female lizards survived better than male lizards to the yearling (reproductive) stage. Our findings indicate that juvenile male bars are conspicuous both to conspecifics and to predators and that the bars probably increase predation on juvenile males.
{"title":"Orange ornamentation increases sex-specific conspicuousness of juvenile males to conspecifics and predators","authors":"Jaina Agan, Joseph M. Macedonia, J. Grindstaff, Stanley F Fox","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blae035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blae035","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Many animal species have evolved striking colour patterns that attract the opposite sex and intimidate rivals. Although conspicuous coloration is usually restricted to adults in the context of reproduction, this is not always the case. Juvenile collared lizards (Crotaphytus collaris) are sexually dichromatic, wherein males exhibit ‘dorsolateral bars’ that are bright orange and showy, whereas females are light tan and inconspicuous. Given that adult male collared lizards suffer increased predation because of bright adult coloration, we hypothesized that juvenile males might also be more detectable to predators owing to the conspicuousness of their dorsolateral bars. To test this hypothesis, we measured the reflectance of the dorsolateral bars, non-bar background body regions, and the rocky habitat in which the lizards live. We modelled the vision of our study species and its dominant predators to quantify and compare statistically the contrasts of male and female dorsolateral bars against the natural rock background. We also calculated lizard survivorship over a 4 year study period. We found that male orange bars exhibited significantly higher chromatic contrast, but significantly lower achromatic contrast, than female bars when perceived through all visual models. However, the dorsolateral background colour of juvenile males and females did not differ significantly in chromatic or achromatic contrast from rocks in any visual model. Female lizards survived better than male lizards to the yearling (reproductive) stage. Our findings indicate that juvenile male bars are conspicuous both to conspecifics and to predators and that the bars probably increase predation on juvenile males.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140671446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate change is increasing the temperatures of wild environments, but the impacts on evolutionary ecological processes, such as sexual selection, are still under-studied. In ectotermic tetrapods, male coloration is a pivotal trait in social contexts. During the reproductive season, males can enhance the dichromatic coloration of certain body regions. However, it is unknown how reproductive dichromatism might interact with the increasing temperatures that cause body temperatures to fall within the upper range of preferred temperatures. We hypothesize that sexual dichromatism could be dynamic, i.e. show changes, being reinforced during the reproductive period of the species. However, high temperatures associated with climate change could disrupt reproductive colour patterns by inducing plastic changes. We test this in the social lizard species Tropidurus spinulosus in a laboratory setting by applying three thermal treatments: one reproducing current thermal conditions and two simulating scenarios of climate change. Our results highlight that male coloration is enhanced during the reproductive season in key body regions for social displays. At the preferred temperature of the species, males could darken their ventral coloration; however, no such change was observed at high temperatures. Therefore, increasing temperatures could impact the capacity of males to adjust their coloration plastically during the reproductive season.
{"title":"Dynamic dichromatism and effects of high temperatures on male coloration plasticity in an ectotherm model","authors":"Nicola Rossi, Margarita Chiaraviglio, Gabriela Cardozo","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blae042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blae042","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is increasing the temperatures of wild environments, but the impacts on evolutionary ecological processes, such as sexual selection, are still under-studied. In ectotermic tetrapods, male coloration is a pivotal trait in social contexts. During the reproductive season, males can enhance the dichromatic coloration of certain body regions. However, it is unknown how reproductive dichromatism might interact with the increasing temperatures that cause body temperatures to fall within the upper range of preferred temperatures. We hypothesize that sexual dichromatism could be dynamic, i.e. show changes, being reinforced during the reproductive period of the species. However, high temperatures associated with climate change could disrupt reproductive colour patterns by inducing plastic changes. We test this in the social lizard species Tropidurus spinulosus in a laboratory setting by applying three thermal treatments: one reproducing current thermal conditions and two simulating scenarios of climate change. Our results highlight that male coloration is enhanced during the reproductive season in key body regions for social displays. At the preferred temperature of the species, males could darken their ventral coloration; however, no such change was observed at high temperatures. Therefore, increasing temperatures could impact the capacity of males to adjust their coloration plastically during the reproductive season.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blae030
Jean Potvin, Alexander J Werth
Baleen plates of filter-feeding whales are longitudinally fibrous, separating where eroded medially into mats of fringes due to friction from water, prey, and the tongue. The fringes end up spreading-out, in other words suffusing, over the comb-like structure of the baleen assemblage. This study examined the relationships between mat morphology and the hydrodynamics it generates. Samples collected from nine rack locations on a bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) and fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) were investigated with a new technique of mat porosity determination in a flume setting. Porosity was measured in the range of 5–20% and 8–37% in the bowhead and fin whale samples respectively. These were largest ventrally in both species, while remaining somewhat insensitive to the flume’s water speed. A new hydrodynamical model of the through-mat currents was used to estimate speeds of 0.15–3.0 cm/s and mat permeabilities of the order of 10−13 m2, depending on the applied pressure. Finally, and relative to samples collected near the entrance of the mouth, these trends were quantitatively similar in both species. With tongue- and flow-based erosion as the main mechanism for mat creation in all extant mysticetes, our analysis suggests baleen-generated filtration as having emerged early in their evolution.
{"title":"Suffused: baleen fringe mat porosity and hydrodynamics in balaenid and balaenopterid whales","authors":"Jean Potvin, Alexander J Werth","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blae030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blae030","url":null,"abstract":"Baleen plates of filter-feeding whales are longitudinally fibrous, separating where eroded medially into mats of fringes due to friction from water, prey, and the tongue. The fringes end up spreading-out, in other words suffusing, over the comb-like structure of the baleen assemblage. This study examined the relationships between mat morphology and the hydrodynamics it generates. Samples collected from nine rack locations on a bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) and fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) were investigated with a new technique of mat porosity determination in a flume setting. Porosity was measured in the range of 5–20% and 8–37% in the bowhead and fin whale samples respectively. These were largest ventrally in both species, while remaining somewhat insensitive to the flume’s water speed. A new hydrodynamical model of the through-mat currents was used to estimate speeds of 0.15–3.0 cm/s and mat permeabilities of the order of 10−13 m2, depending on the applied pressure. Finally, and relative to samples collected near the entrance of the mouth, these trends were quantitatively similar in both species. With tongue- and flow-based erosion as the main mechanism for mat creation in all extant mysticetes, our analysis suggests baleen-generated filtration as having emerged early in their evolution.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blae039
Elisia Clara Menezes Araujo, Maria Cristina dos Santos-Costa, Adriano Oliveira Maciel
Basic ecological data for caecilians are relatively lacking. This study presents the first comprehensive ecological investigation of the Amazonian aquatic caecilian Potomotyphlus kaupii, utilizing a large sample size. We collected population data over a 14-month period, and also used data of museum specimens, both from Belém, State of Pará, Brazil. Our analysis focused on sex ratio, sexual size dimorphism (SSD), female fecundity, and ecological observations. No significant differences in adult sex ratio were found. SSD was found in some characters such as circumference at midbody and body mass with females being larger than males, while males had a wider and longer cloacal disc. We provide the first determination of the approximate size at which males diverge from females in the terminal portion of the body, demonstrating an allometric growth pattern of the cloacal region. Female size showed a positive correlation with the number of ovarian eggs, indicating an important reproductive strategy. Furthermore, a novel behaviour in P. kaupii was documented. We expand the understanding of Gymnophiona biology, in particular of a fully aquatic species, and provide support for future ecological and conservation research on caecilians.
{"title":"Life history of an evolutionary distinct aquatic caecilian amphibian (genus Potomotyphlus) in eastern Amazonia, Brazil","authors":"Elisia Clara Menezes Araujo, Maria Cristina dos Santos-Costa, Adriano Oliveira Maciel","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blae039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blae039","url":null,"abstract":"Basic ecological data for caecilians are relatively lacking. This study presents the first comprehensive ecological investigation of the Amazonian aquatic caecilian Potomotyphlus kaupii, utilizing a large sample size. We collected population data over a 14-month period, and also used data of museum specimens, both from Belém, State of Pará, Brazil. Our analysis focused on sex ratio, sexual size dimorphism (SSD), female fecundity, and ecological observations. No significant differences in adult sex ratio were found. SSD was found in some characters such as circumference at midbody and body mass with females being larger than males, while males had a wider and longer cloacal disc. We provide the first determination of the approximate size at which males diverge from females in the terminal portion of the body, demonstrating an allometric growth pattern of the cloacal region. Female size showed a positive correlation with the number of ovarian eggs, indicating an important reproductive strategy. Furthermore, a novel behaviour in P. kaupii was documented. We expand the understanding of Gymnophiona biology, in particular of a fully aquatic species, and provide support for future ecological and conservation research on caecilians.","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140564099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-05DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blae045
Gavin Stark, Karin Tamar, Y. Itescu, A. Feldman, Shai Meiri
{"title":"Correction to: Cold and isolated ectotherms drivers of reptilian longevity","authors":"Gavin Stark, Karin Tamar, Y. Itescu, A. Feldman, Shai Meiri","doi":"10.1093/biolinnean/blae045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/biolinnean/blae045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55373,"journal":{"name":"Biological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140739060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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