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Multi-scale CNN-Swin transformer network with boundary supervision for multiclass biomarker segmentation in retinal OCT images 基于边界监督的多尺度CNN-Swin变压器网络用于视网膜OCT图像中多类别生物标记物分割
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2025-05-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2025.05.002
Zhanpeng Fan , Xiaoming Liu , Ying Zhang , Jia Zhang
Retinal biomarker morphology is closely associated with a variety of chronic ophthalmic diseases, in which biomarker localization and segmentation in optical coherence tomography (OCT) play a key role in the diagnosis of retina-related diseases. Although great progress has been made in deep learning based OCT biomarker segmentation, several challenges still exist. Due to issues such as image noise or class imbalance, retinal biomarkers affect the model’s recognition of other biomarkers. Moreover, small biomarkers are prone to lose accuracy during downsampling. And most existing methods rely on convolutional neural networks, which make it challenging to obtain the global context due to locality of convolution. Benefiting from the Swin Transformer with powerful modeling capabilities, we propose MSCS-Net (Multi-scale CNN-Swin Network), a network for OCT biomarker segmentation, which effectively combines CNN and Swin Transformer and integrates them in parallel into a dual-encoder structure. Specifically, an edge detection path is added alongside to enhance the localization of biomarkers at the edges. For the Swin Transformer branch, considering the irregular distribution of most OCT biomarkers, a new windowing partition is performed in the Swin Transformer to capture the features more efficiently. Meanwhile, we design a Feature Dimensionality Reduction Module to extensively collect the information of small-scale biomarkers. To effectively integrate information from two scales, we design a Transformer Cross Fusion Module to finely fuse the global and local feature information from the two-branch encoders. We validate the proposed approach on local and public datasets, and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
视网膜生物标志物形态与多种慢性眼科疾病密切相关,光学相干断层扫描(OCT)中生物标志物的定位和分割在视网膜相关疾病的诊断中起着关键作用。尽管基于深度学习的OCT生物标记物分割已经取得了很大的进展,但仍然存在一些挑战。由于图像噪声或类别不平衡等问题,视网膜生物标记物会影响模型对其他生物标记物的识别。此外,小生物标记物在下采样过程中容易失去准确性。现有的方法大多依赖于卷积神经网络,由于卷积的局部性,难以获得全局上下文。利用Swin Transformer强大的建模能力,我们提出了一种OCT生物标记物分割网络MSCS-Net (Multi-scale CNN-Swin Network),该网络将CNN和Swin Transformer有效地结合在一起,并将它们并行集成到一个双编码器结构中。具体来说,在边缘检测路径旁边添加了一个边缘检测路径来增强生物标记物在边缘的定位。对于Swin Transformer分支,考虑到大多数OCT生物标志物的不规则分布,在Swin Transformer中进行了新的窗口划分,以更有效地捕获特征。同时,我们设计了一个特征降维模块,广泛收集小尺度生物标志物的信息。为了有效地整合两个尺度上的信息,我们设计了一个变压器交叉融合模块来精细地融合来自两支路编码器的全局和局部特征信息。我们在本地和公共数据集上验证了所提出的方法,实验结果证明了所提出框架的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Robust dual-hormone controller for full closed-loop glucose regulation in people with type 1 diabetes: An in silico study 1型糖尿病患者全闭环血糖调节的稳健双激素控制器:一项计算机研究
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2025.05.004
Emilia Fushimi , Fernando Daniel Bianchi , Hernán De Battista , Fabricio Garelli
Current advanced methods for glucose control in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), often referred to as artificial pancreas (AP) or automated insulin delivery (AID) systems, rely on the administration of a single hormone (insulin) to regulate blood glucose (BG). In general, these systems depend on patient-specific information usually obtained from the conventional insulin therapy to account for inter-patient variability. On the other hand, dual-hormone (DH) systems that use insulin and its counterregulatory hormone, glucagon, have the potential of further improving BG control. However, DH systems are still under development or in earlier testing stages. Since glucagon is not used in the traditional therapy for T1D, the sensitivity of each individual to this hormone is typically unknown. Here, a DH controller based on robust control is proposed. The controller in charge of glucagon dosing, based on H∞ optimal control, does not require any individualization, thus overcoming one of the challenges faced by DH approaches. The strategy is evaluated in silico and compared to previous works involving a personalized glucagon controller and its single-hormone counterpart. Results suggest that the robust control strategy allows satisfactory glucose outcomes without the need for individualization.
目前用于1型糖尿病(T1D)患者血糖控制的先进方法,通常被称为人工胰腺(AP)或自动胰岛素输送(AID)系统,依赖于单一激素(胰岛素)的管理来调节血糖(BG)。一般来说,这些系统依赖于通常从常规胰岛素治疗中获得的患者特异性信息来解释患者之间的差异。另一方面,使用胰岛素及其反调节激素胰高血糖素的双激素(DH)系统具有进一步改善BG控制的潜力。然而,DH系统仍处于开发阶段或早期测试阶段。由于胰高血糖素不用于T1D的传统治疗,每个人对这种激素的敏感性通常是未知的。本文提出了一种基于鲁棒控制的DH控制器。负责胰高血糖素给药的控制器基于H∞最优控制,不需要任何个性化,从而克服了DH方法面临的挑战之一。该策略在计算机中进行了评估,并与先前涉及个性化胰高血糖素控制器和单一激素对应物的工作进行了比较。结果表明,稳健的控制策略可以在不需要个性化的情况下获得令人满意的血糖结果。
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引用次数: 0
A novel approach for remote ultrasonography of knee osteoarthritis 膝骨关节炎的远程超声检查新方法
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2025.05.009
Angela Sorriento , Lorena Guachi-Guachi , Giorgia Marola , Paolo Spinnato , Fabien Rabusseau , Paolo Cabras , Erik Dumont , Leonardo Ricotti , Andrea Cafarelli
In this study, we propose innovative technologies and a novel standardized procedure, enabling at-home, periodic and reliable ultrasound monitoring of knee osteoartrithis.
Anatomical and ultrasound data were collected on a population of 27 volunteers with different anthropometric features, leading to the development of two technological solutions: i) three probe positioning systems (wearable brace, adhesive film, temporary tattoo), provided with predefined openings to ensure accurate and repeatable placement of an ultrasound probe; ii) an image selection algorithm for automatic identification of the correct ultrasound images acquired by non-expert users.
The effectiveness and usability of these solutions were tested on 20 volunteers and 20 caregivers, with no prior experience in ultrasound imaging. In the first step, an expert radiologist acquired reference ultrasound images. In the second step, all volunteers exploited the positioning systems to place the probe and acquire informative images (automatically extracted by the algorithm from a video).
The average usability percentage score was highest for the wearable brace (98.7%), followed by the tattoo (94.8%), and film (89.6%). Overall, the three positioning systems proved to be effective in guiding ultrasound acquisitions for inexperienced subjects. The highest average rate of informative images successffully acquired among all volunteers was achieved by using the brace (70%), while the highest average score among the caregivers was obtained using the tattoo (76%).
These findings highlight the possibility to perform reliable remote ultrasound acquisitions for non-expert users and opens the way to novel tele-ultrasound procedures, enabling a precise, asynchronous, and repeatable monitoring of knee osteoarthritis.
在这项研究中,我们提出了创新技术和一种新的标准化程序,使膝关节骨关节炎的家庭,定期和可靠的超声监测成为可能。收集了27名具有不同人体特征的志愿者的解剖和超声数据,从而开发了两种技术解决方案:i)三种探头定位系统(可穿戴支架,胶膜,临时纹身),提供预定义的开口,以确保超声探头的准确和可重复放置;Ii)一种图像选择算法,用于自动识别非专业用户获得的正确超声图像。这些解决方案的有效性和可用性在20名没有超声成像经验的志愿者和20名护理人员身上进行了测试。在第一步中,放射科专家获得参考超声图像。在第二步中,所有志愿者利用定位系统放置探针并获取信息图像(由算法自动从视频中提取)。可穿戴式支架的平均可用性百分比得分最高(98.7%),其次是纹身(94.8%)和胶片(89.6%)。总的来说,这三种定位系统被证明是有效的指导超声采集的经验不足的受试者。在所有志愿者中,使用支具成功获得信息图像的平均成功率最高(70%),而护理人员中使用纹身获得的平均得分最高(76%)。这些发现强调了为非专业用户进行可靠的远程超声采集的可能性,并为新型远程超声手术开辟了道路,实现了对膝关节骨关节炎的精确、异步和可重复的监测。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of the intermuscular coherence for the early detection of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a cross-sectional study 评估肌间一致性对糖尿病周围神经病变的早期检测:一项横断面研究
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2025.05.003
I. Junquera-Godoy , J.L. Martinez-De-Juan , G. González Lorente , J.M. Carot-Sierra , J. Gomis-Tena , J. Saiz , G.C. Mas Penalva , E. Soler Climent , G. Prats-Boluda
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global epidemic marked by chronic hyperglycaemia due to insulin insufficiency or resistance. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes, affecting up to 50 % of patients. It typically presents as a distal, symmetric, length-dependent neuropathy. Early detection of DPN is crucial to mitigate its impact on quality of life and healthcare costs. While current diagnostic methods like nerve conduction studies have limitations, surface electromyography (sEMG) shows promise for its non-invasive, real-time neuromuscular assessments. This study explores the potential of sEMG, particularly through intermuscular coherence, to serve as a sensitive biomarker for early DPN detection. Two coherence parameters, partial coherence (PC) and partial directed coherence (PDC), based on the Multivariate Autoregressive (MVAR) models have been analysed in three population groups: 33 healthy volunteers (CT), 10 diabetic patients with a low risk of DPN (LW), and 17 moderate/high-risk patients (MH). In early-stage DPN, synergistic muscle pairs showed increased PC and PDC values compared to controls, likely due to neuronal hyperexcitability and compensatory mechanisms within the nervous system. In contrast, advanced DPN stages exhibited reduced coherence, reflecting nerve fiber loss and central nervous system (CNS) impairment, possibly exacerbated by structural CNS changes like spinal cord atrophy, affecting neural plasticity and adaptation. Our study found that the dorsiflexor muscle pair, especially in the bandwidth 10–50 Hz of the PDC parameter, effectively discriminated between DPN stages, distinguishing all three groups with statistical significance. This suggests its potential as an early detection biomarker for DPN and for monitoring disease progression.
糖尿病(DM)是一种以胰岛素不足或胰岛素抵抗引起的慢性高血糖为特征的全球性流行病。糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)是糖尿病的常见并发症,影响高达50%的患者。它通常表现为远端,对称,长度依赖的神经病变。DPN的早期发现对于减轻其对生活质量和医疗保健费用的影响至关重要。虽然目前的诊断方法,如神经传导研究有局限性,但表面肌电图(sEMG)显示出其无创、实时的神经肌肉评估的前景。本研究探讨了肌电图的潜力,特别是通过肌间一致性,作为早期DPN检测的敏感生物标志物。基于多变量自回归(Multivariate Autoregressive, MVAR)模型分析了3组人群的两个相干参数,部分相干(partial coherence, PC)和部分定向相干(partial directed coherence, PDC): 33名健康志愿者(CT)、10名低风险糖尿病患者(LW)和17名中/高危患者(MH)。在早期DPN中,与对照组相比,协同肌对显示出更高的PC和PDC值,可能是由于神经系统内的神经元高兴奋性和代偿机制。相比之下,DPN晚期表现出连贯性降低,反映了神经纤维丢失和中枢神经系统(CNS)损伤,可能因脊髓萎缩等中枢神经系统的结构性改变而加剧,影响了神经的可塑性和适应性。我们的研究发现背伸肌对,特别是在PDC参数的10-50 Hz带宽,可以有效地区分DPN的分期,三组之间的差异有统计学意义。这表明它有潜力作为DPN的早期检测生物标志物和监测疾病进展。
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引用次数: 0
Classifying developmental delays with EEG: A comparative study of machine learning and deep learning approaches 用脑电图分类发育迟缓:机器学习和深度学习方法的比较研究
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2025.04.001
Muhammad Usman , Wen-Yi Lin , Yi-Yin Lin , Sheng-Ta Hsieh , Yao-Tien Chen , Yu-Chun Lo , Chun-Ling Lin
Early detection of developmental delays is crucial for improving children’s cognitive, social, and emotional outcomes through timely interventions. This study explores the potential of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) to classify Electroencephalography (EEG) data from an oddball task, distinguishing between children with and without developmental delays. Participants underwent language assessments and EEG recordings, with subsequent analysis using Event-Related Potentials (ERPs), Event-Related Spectral Perturbations (ERSPs), and functional connectivity to characterize group differences. Three methodologies were employed in this research to classify EEG data. Firstly, statistical features are extracted from the EEG data and various ML algorithms are applied for classification, with feature selection techniques utilized to identify the most relevant features and enhance classification accuracy. Secondly, brain dynamics is utilized to incorporate ERP, ERSP, and functional connectivity measures as features for developmental delay detection. Similar to the first approach, feature selection techniques are again employed to enhance classification accuracy. Lastly, DL approaches are explored by implementing multiple convolutional neural networks (CNNs), including a 2D CNN (EEGNet), various hybrid CNN architectures integrating LSTM, GRU, and attention mechanisms, and a novel 1D CNN with a standardized convolutional layer (SCL) for improved stability and training performance. The effectiveness of each approach in accurately classifying EEG data for developmental delay detection is independently analyzed. The results demonstrate that the proposed 1D convolutional neural network outperforms both EEGNet and the employed ML classifiers. This model achieves an impressive accuracy of 96.4% and an F1 score of 96.6%, underscoring its potential as a valuable tool for early and accurate developmental delay detection using EEG data.
早期发现发育迟缓对于通过及时干预改善儿童的认知、社交和情感结果至关重要。本研究探讨了机器学习(ML)和深度学习(DL)的潜力,以从一个奇怪的任务中分类脑电图(EEG)数据,区分有和没有发育迟缓的儿童。参与者进行了语言评估和脑电图记录,随后使用事件相关电位(ERPs)、事件相关谱扰动(ERSPs)和功能连接进行分析,以表征组间差异。本研究采用三种方法对脑电数据进行分类。首先,从脑电数据中提取统计特征,并应用各种ML算法进行分类,利用特征选择技术识别最相关的特征,提高分类精度。其次,利用脑动力学将ERP、ERSP和功能连接测量作为发育迟缓检测的特征。与第一种方法类似,再次使用特征选择技术来提高分类精度。最后,通过实现多个卷积神经网络(CNN)来探索深度学习方法,包括2D CNN (EEGNet),集成LSTM, GRU和注意力机制的各种混合CNN架构,以及具有标准化卷积层(SCL)的新型1D CNN,以提高稳定性和训练性能。独立分析了每种方法在准确分类脑电数据用于发育延迟检测方面的有效性。结果表明,所提出的一维卷积神经网络优于EEGNet和使用的ML分类器。该模型达到了令人印象深刻的96.4%的准确率和96.6%的F1分数,强调了它作为使用EEG数据进行早期和准确发育延迟检测的有价值的工具的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
A sepsis diagnosis method based on Chain-of-Thought reasoning using Large Language Models 基于大语言模型思维链推理的败血症诊断方法
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2025.04.002
Weimin Zhang , Mengfei Wu , Luyao Zhou , Min Shao , Cui Wang , Yu Wang
Sepsis is a severe infectious disease with high incidence and mortality rates globally. Early diagnosis of sepsis is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Previous diagnostic methods heavily relied on subjective clinical experience, while the machine learning-based methods can only learn knowledge from a specific dataset. Recently, the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly enhanced various downstream dialogue tasks by leveraging prior semantic knowledge. Therefore, it is of great interest to explore the potential of LLMs in sepsis diagnosis. This study proposed an early sepsis diagnosis method based on the Chain of Thought (CoT) reasoning using LLMs. First, the clinical data of a patients were transformed into a textual representation to form the prompt. Subsequently, a CoT was created to simulate the reasoning process of human medical experts and utilized the prior semantic knowledge in LLMs to achieve sepsis diagnosis. The proposed method was validated using real clinical data, demonstrating high classification performance with an accuracy of 0.87, recall of 0.98, and F1 score of 0.88. These metrics showed an improvement in F1 score by 7 to 8 percentage points compared to commonly used machine learning classifiers. The experimental results indicated that the proposed method can enhance the performance of early sepsis diagnosis, and the introduction of CoT enhanced the interpretability of diagnostic results, contributing to the application of LLMs in clinical diagnosis.
败血症是一种严重的传染病,在全球的发病率和死亡率都很高。败血症的早期诊断对改善患者预后至关重要。以往的诊断方法严重依赖主观临床经验,而基于机器学习的方法只能从特定数据集中学习知识。最近,大语言模型(LLMs)得到了快速发展,通过利用先前的语义知识,大大增强了各种下游对话任务。因此,探索 LLM 在脓毒症诊断中的潜力非常有意义。本研究利用 LLMs 提出了一种基于思维链(CoT)推理的败血症早期诊断方法。首先,将患者的临床数据转化为文本表示,形成提示。随后,创建了 CoT 来模拟人类医学专家的推理过程,并利用 LLMs 中的先验语义知识来实现败血症诊断。利用真实临床数据对所提出的方法进行了验证,结果表明该方法具有很高的分类性能,准确率为 0.87,召回率为 0.98,F1 分数为 0.88。这些指标表明,与常用的机器学习分类器相比,F1 分数提高了 7 至 8 个百分点。实验结果表明,所提出的方法可以提高脓毒症早期诊断的性能,CoT的引入增强了诊断结果的可解释性,有助于LLM在临床诊断中的应用。
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引用次数: 0
Hemodynamic factors in coronary artery lesions: An in-vitro tomographic particle image velocimetry study 冠状动脉病变中的血流动力学因素:体外层析颗粒图像测速研究
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2025.05.001
Ke-Wei Xu , Hang Zhao , Min Wan , Ke Zhang , Xiuhua Hu , Qi Gao
This study addresses the gap in in-vitro research by providing three-dimensional flow field measurements of a complete coronary artery model to explore coronary artery hemodynamics. An in-depth analysis of the left coronary artery (LCA) was conducted using tomographic particle image velocimetry (TPIV) in a patient-specific model with a mock circulatory loop (MCL) that simulates physiological conditions. The study maps wall shear stress (WSS) and flow rates across arterial branches, highlighting the predisposition to atherosclerosis in the left anterior descending (LAD) artery due to its unique hemodynamic properties. Intermittent low WSS is identified and considered to be strongly associated with diffuse coronary artery disease (CAD). Additionally, statistical analysis of fluid topology reveals a significant correlation between the kinematic vorticity number and CAD, suggesting its potential as a CAD risk indicator in clinical practice. This research enhances the understanding of coronary hemodynamics and contributes to establishing a theoretical framework for flow-induced atherosclerosis.
本研究通过提供完整冠状动脉模型的三维流场测量来探索冠状动脉血流动力学,解决了体外研究中的空白。利用层析粒子图像测速(TPIV)技术,在一个模拟生理条件的模拟循环环(MCL)的患者特异性模型中对左冠状动脉(LCA)进行了深入分析。该研究绘制了动脉分支的壁剪切应力(WSS)和血流速率,突出了左前降支(LAD)动脉由于其独特的血流动力学特性而易发生动脉粥样硬化。间歇性低WSS被认为与弥漫性冠状动脉疾病(CAD)密切相关。此外,流体拓扑的统计分析揭示了运动涡度数与CAD之间的显著相关性,提示其在临床实践中具有作为CAD风险指标的潜力。本研究增强了对冠状动脉血流动力学的认识,有助于建立血流诱导动脉粥样硬化的理论框架。
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引用次数: 0
Physically motivated projection of the electrocardiogram—A feasibility study 生理动机心电图投射——可行性研究
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2025.03.001
Sebastian Wildowicz , Tomasz Gradowski , Paulina Figura , Igor Olczak , Judyta Sobiech , Teodor Buchner
We present PhysECG: a physically motivated projection of the 12 lead electrocardiogram, supported by a deep learning model trained on 21,799 recordings from the PTB-XL database and discuss its feasibility. The method allows to evaluate the epicardial activity (inverse problem of ECG imaging) and, in particular, to distinguish left and right ventricular activity, with statistical spread related to localization of the septum. The observed dyssynchrony resembles other experimental results. The foundations of the method are based on the molecular theory of biopotentials. The heart’s activity in view of the method is decomposed into two processes: the passage of the electric activation wavefront and the response of cardiomyocytes. We introduce the idea of the electrode-resolved activity function, which represents the mass of the ventricle in Phase 0 of action potential within the lead field of each electrode. The computations are fast and robust, with excellent convergence. We present the quality metrics for the reconstruction based on the model on the testing set selected from the PTB database. In order to prove feasibility, we present and discuss two healthy controls: male and female, and two pathologies: right bundle branch block, and anterior myocardial infarction. The results obtained using PhysECG seem to be in accordance with the changes evoked by pathology, which has to be confirmed by subsequent clinical studies. The method is based on ECG, and does not require reconstruction of body geometry, which presents an affordable solution for low and middle-income countries where access to imaging is limited.
我们提出了PhysECG:一个基于PTB-XL数据库中21,799条记录训练的深度学习模型支持的12导联心电图的物理动机投影,并讨论了其可行性。该方法可以评估心外膜活动(心电图成像的反问题),特别是区分左心室和右心室活动,与室间隔定位相关的统计分布。观察到的不同步与其他实验结果相似。该方法的基础是基于生物电位的分子理论。该方法将心脏的活动分解为两个过程:电激活波前的通过和心肌细胞的反应。我们引入了电极分解活度函数的概念,它代表了每个电极引线场内动作电位第0相时心室的质量。计算速度快,鲁棒性好,收敛性好。我们提出了基于从PTB数据库中选择的测试集模型的重建质量度量。为了证明其可行性,我们提出并讨论了两种健康对照:男性和女性,以及两种病理:右束支阻滞和前路心肌梗死。使用physig获得的结果似乎与病理引起的变化一致,这需要后续的临床研究来证实。该方法基于ECG,不需要重建人体几何形状,这为获得成像机会有限的中低收入国家提供了一种负担得起的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Validation of a markerless motion capture system for centre of mass kinematic analysis 一种用于质心运动学分析的无标记运动捕捉系统的验证
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2025.03.004
Ruben Valenzuela , Javier Corral , Mikel Diez , Thomas Provot , Francisco J. Campa , Saioa Herrero , Erik Macho , Charles Pinto
In recent years, markerless optical systems for biomechanical movement analysis in sports, gait and balance assessments are being used as an alternative to conventional marker based measuring systems. This study compares the performance of the Zed 2i stereoscopic camera against a VICON system in a standing position under three conditions: quiet standing and two movements simulating disturbances in two directions, anteroposterior and mediolateral. This study originates from a collaborative project with a medical team that aims to objectively evaluate balance function in patients recovering from stroke. The displacement and velocities of the centre of mass were calculated and compared in two directions, x and y. A Bland–Altman analysis for non-parametric data, along with the coefficient of determination and mean square error, were used for statistical evaluation. The results demonstrate that the limits of agreement in both sway tasks were greater than those observed in static conditions. However, the coefficient of determination of the sway tasks indicates a significant degree of agreement between the two systems. In contrast, in the static condition, it appears that noise may have a greater influence on the signal than the centre of mass estimate, due to the limitation of the depth algorithm used to estimate the joint positions.
近年来,用于运动、步态和平衡评估的生物力学运动分析的无标记光学系统正被用作传统基于标记的测量系统的替代方案。本研究比较了Zed 2i立体摄像机与VICON系统在三种情况下的站立性能:安静站立和模拟两个方向(前后和中外侧)干扰的两次运动。本研究源于与一个医疗团队的合作项目,目的是客观地评估中风恢复期患者的平衡功能。计算质心的位移和速度,并在x和y两个方向上进行比较。非参数数据的Bland-Altman分析以及决定系数和均方误差用于统计评价。结果表明,两种摇摆任务的一致性限制大于在静态条件下观察到的。然而,摇摆任务的决定系数表明两个系统之间有很大程度的一致性。相反,在静态条件下,由于用于估计关节位置的深度算法的局限性,噪声对信号的影响似乎比质心估计更大。
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引用次数: 0
A glimpse ahead: Forecasting 5.5-s human vigilance for enhanced safety in Industry 5.0 展望未来:预测5.5秒的人类警惕性,以提高工业5.0的安全性
IF 5.3 2区 医学 Q1 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbe.2025.03.002
Ettore Cinquetti , Ilaria Siviero , Fabio Babiloni , Gloria Menegaz , Silvia F. Storti
In the context of Industry 5.0 and human-robot interaction, ensuring the safety of operators by avoiding human errors is crucial. Monitoring vigilance decrement is an essential aspect of this effort, aimed at mitigating safety risks and enhancing productivity. A potentially promising solution to this challenge is using a passive brain-computer interface (BCI) based on electroencephalography (EEG) recordings. However, its application in industrial settings has yet to be explored in-depth. This study uses EEG data to introduce a novel experimental protocol and analysis pipeline to predict vigilance degradation in an industrial research laboratory. The dataset was gathered from ten healthy volunteers who observed a robotic arm for 23 min. The EEG power spectrum over time was computed using the continuous wavelet transform (CWT). After confirming growth in power for the α band using a linear regression model, we forecast its trend using four models. As a conventional approach, we used the vector autoregressive (VAR) model, serving as a reference for comparison with three deep learning architectures: a temporal convolutional network (TCN), a gated recurrent unit (GRU) and an encoder-decoder (ED)-GRU. The proposed ED-GRU model outperformed the others showing accurate forecasts (mean absolute error = 0.048, R2 = 0.726) up to 5.5 s. The findings suggest that monitoring vigilance degradation in Industry 5.0 is a feasible strategy to prevent human accidents and reduced performance during repetitive tasks.
在工业5.0和人机交互的背景下,通过避免人为错误来确保操作人员的安全至关重要。监测警惕性下降是这项工作的一个重要方面,旨在减轻安全风险和提高生产力。一个潜在的解决方案是使用基于脑电图(EEG)记录的被动脑机接口(BCI)。然而,其在工业环境中的应用还有待深入探索。本研究利用脑电图数据引入一种新的实验方案和分析管道来预测工业研究实验室的警觉性退化。数据集来自10名健康志愿者,他们观察机械臂23分钟。使用连续小波变换(CWT)计算随时间变化的脑电图功率谱。在用线性回归模型确定了α波段的功率增长后,我们用四种模型预测了其趋势。作为传统方法,我们使用向量自回归(VAR)模型,作为与三种深度学习架构进行比较的参考:时间卷积网络(TCN),门控循环单元(GRU)和编码器-解码器(ED)-GRU。本文提出的ED-GRU模型预测精度最高达5.5 s,平均绝对误差为0.048,R2 = 0.726。研究结果表明,监测工业5.0中的警惕性退化是一种可行的策略,可以防止重复性任务中的人为事故和性能下降。
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Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering
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