Laura Alston, Michael Field, Alison Buccheri, Fiona Brew, Anna George, Nikita Wheaton, Stella Harrington, Warren Payne, Drew Aras, Alice Bennett, Hannah Beks, Kevin Mc Namara, Vincent L. Versace
Background
Rural health services have not had the same opporunities for research as metropolitan health services. Despite increasing awareness of the importance of placed-based research led by rural health services, there are few examples in the literature on how this can be done.
Aims
In this AJRH Practice Insight we aim to provide an update on the establishment and progress of the Colac Area Health (CAH) research unit. This is a health service led research unit that services rural areas classified as MM4-5 by the Modified Monash Model.
Methods
Practice insight.
Discussion
This experience may assist other small or medium-sized rural health services to undertake the same strategic goal of building locally relevant and place-based research, along with providing hope for those setting out to integrate research into rural health service organisational structures, while minimising the burden on existing resources.
Conclusion
This Practice Insight demonstrates that rural health services can integrate research units into their organisational structures, with minimal burden on resources alongside support from partners who understand the value of rural health research. Lessons learned serve as a valuable example for other rural health services who are seeking to drive their own research programs and support their staff to access research career opportunities.
{"title":"Establishment of a Research Unit in Colac, a Medium Rural Town: An Update on Progress and Guidance for Rural Health Service Research Strategy Development","authors":"Laura Alston, Michael Field, Alison Buccheri, Fiona Brew, Anna George, Nikita Wheaton, Stella Harrington, Warren Payne, Drew Aras, Alice Bennett, Hannah Beks, Kevin Mc Namara, Vincent L. Versace","doi":"10.1111/ajr.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajr.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rural health services have not had the same opporunities for research as metropolitan health services. Despite increasing awareness of the importance of placed-based research led by rural health services, there are few examples in the literature on how this can be done.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this AJRH Practice Insight we aim to provide an update on the establishment and progress of the Colac Area Health (CAH) research unit. This is a health service led research unit that services rural areas classified as MM4-5 by the Modified Monash Model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Practice insight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This experience may assist other small or medium-sized rural health services to undertake the same strategic goal of building locally relevant and place-based research, along with providing hope for those setting out to integrate research into rural health service organisational structures, while minimising the burden on existing resources.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This Practice Insight demonstrates that rural health services can integrate research units into their organisational structures, with minimal burden on resources alongside support from partners who understand the value of rural health research. Lessons learned serve as a valuable example for other rural health services who are seeking to drive their own research programs and support their staff to access research career opportunities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55421,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Rural Health","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajr.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Burn injuries on farms are under-recognised in Australia and New Zealand. Previous studies suggested children are at risk of burn injury, focusing on risk factors including unmodified farm work, risk-taking behaviours, lack of supervision, and limited safety regulations. This study investigated the causes, characteristics, and outcomes of paediatric farm burns.
Methods
Registry-based retrospective cohort study.
Design
Observational.
Setting
Burns Registry of Australia and New Zealand (BRANZ).
Participants
Paediatrics aged < 16 years and registered to the BRANZ between 2009 and 2021.
Main Outcome Measures
The demographics, causes of burn injuries, pre- and in-hospital management, severity, and outcomes.
Results
Out of 10 936 paediatric burns, 186 were farm-related (1.7%). Children sustaining farm-related burns were older than those in non-farm environments, with 78.8% aged ≥ 5 years. Most farm burns occurred during leisure (72.5%). Predominant causes were found to be contact (62.4%), followed by flame (19.9%) and friction (10.8%). Only 56.9% received gold-standard first aid compared to 74.0% in non-farm environments. Farm-related burns were smaller but a greater proportion were full-thickness injuries, requiring surgical management with skin grafts. The majority of farm-related burns were discharged home (97.3%) with zero deaths.
Conclusion
Farm-related burns in children are distinct from burns in non-farm environments. Despite children being well-recognised participants in farm work, work-related burns were relatively uncommon, and the occurrence of burns during leisure may explain low rates of recommended first aid. These insights can inform burn prevention and first aid strategies targeted at farm communities.
{"title":"The Causes, Characteristics and Outcomes of Paediatric Farm Burns in Australia and New Zealand","authors":"Marcel Chua, Warwick J. Teague, Lincoln M. Tracy","doi":"10.1111/ajr.70003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajr.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Burn injuries on farms are under-recognised in Australia and New Zealand. Previous studies suggested children are at risk of burn injury, focusing on risk factors including unmodified farm work, risk-taking behaviours, lack of supervision, and limited safety regulations. This study investigated the causes, characteristics, and outcomes of paediatric farm burns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Registry-based retrospective cohort study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Observational.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Burns Registry of Australia and New Zealand (BRANZ).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Participants</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Paediatrics aged < 16 years and registered to the BRANZ between 2009 and 2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Outcome Measures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The demographics, causes of burn injuries, pre- and in-hospital management, severity, and outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out of 10 936 paediatric burns, 186 were farm-related (1.7%). Children sustaining farm-related burns were older than those in non-farm environments, with 78.8% aged ≥ 5 years. Most farm burns occurred during leisure (72.5%). Predominant causes were found to be contact (62.4%), followed by flame (19.9%) and friction (10.8%). Only 56.9% received gold-standard first aid compared to 74.0% in non-farm environments. Farm-related burns were smaller but a greater proportion were full-thickness injuries, requiring surgical management with skin grafts. The majority of farm-related burns were discharged home (97.3%) with zero deaths.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Farm-related burns in children are distinct from burns in non-farm environments. Despite children being well-recognised participants in farm work, work-related burns were relatively uncommon, and the occurrence of burns during leisure may explain low rates of recommended first aid. These insights can inform burn prevention and first aid strategies targeted at farm communities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55421,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Rural Health","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajr.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juliana M. Betts MPH, Michelle Gooey MPH, Alex Chung PhD, Heather Craig PhD, Heidi Bergmeier PhD, Caroline Amirtharajah MHumNut, Bernie Peacock MBA, Sophie Ping PhD, Kylie Rix MBBS, Stephanie Veal MHA, Helen Skouteris PhD
Introduction
Rates of childhood obesity have increased in regional and rural areas in Australia over the past two decades.
Objective
To review the current literature to gain an understanding of (i) ways to improve access to primary health care in the first 2000 days, (ii) models of care for delivering healthy lifestyle advice in the first 2000 days and (iii) the development of partnerships between health and social care services in the first 2000 days in rural and regional settings.
Design
Three literature reviews were undertaken. Results were limited to published, peer-reviewed literature from the past 5 years (2017–2022).
Findings
Access to care could be improved through the expansion of telemedicine, nurse roles and community health worker models. A range of organisational and leadership factors facilitated the integration of health and social care services in the first 2000 days in rural areas with evidence of resultant positive health impacts.
Discussion
Telemedicine, the expansion of nursing roles and the implementation of a formalised community health worker model, may serve to improve access to primary health care for families in the first 2000 days; however, further research on particular models of care for delivering healthy lifestyle advice to rural and regional families is required.
Conclusion
Policy-makers should consider the interdependent nature of increasing access to care, establishing best practice models of care and strengthening local partnerships to prevent and manage childhood obesity in the first 2000 days in rural and regional areas.
{"title":"Childhood obesity in the first 2000 days: A focus on primary health care in regional and rural Australia","authors":"Juliana M. Betts MPH, Michelle Gooey MPH, Alex Chung PhD, Heather Craig PhD, Heidi Bergmeier PhD, Caroline Amirtharajah MHumNut, Bernie Peacock MBA, Sophie Ping PhD, Kylie Rix MBBS, Stephanie Veal MHA, Helen Skouteris PhD","doi":"10.1111/ajr.13208","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajr.13208","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rates of childhood obesity have increased in regional and rural areas in Australia over the past two decades.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To review the current literature to gain an understanding of (i) ways to improve access to primary health care in the first 2000 days, (ii) models of care for delivering healthy lifestyle advice in the first 2000 days and (iii) the development of partnerships between health and social care services in the first 2000 days in rural and regional settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three literature reviews were undertaken. Results were limited to published, peer-reviewed literature from the past 5 years (2017–2022).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Access to care could be improved through the expansion of telemedicine, nurse roles and community health worker models. A range of organisational and leadership factors facilitated the integration of health and social care services in the first 2000 days in rural areas with evidence of resultant positive health impacts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Telemedicine, the expansion of nursing roles and the implementation of a formalised community health worker model, may serve to improve access to primary health care for families in the first 2000 days; however, further research on particular models of care for delivering healthy lifestyle advice to rural and regional families is required.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Policy-makers should consider the interdependent nature of increasing access to care, establishing best practice models of care and strengthening local partnerships to prevent and manage childhood obesity in the first 2000 days in rural and regional areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55421,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Rural Health","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajr.13208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrew J. Hamilton, Ryan McGrath, Lisa Bourke, Kristen M. Glenister, David Simmons
<div> <section> <h3> Objective</h3> <p>Little is known about the socio-demographic factors associated with the use of allied health services in rural Australia. The objective of this study was to determine which factors were associated with the use of various modes of allied health in a region of Northern Victoria.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>This is a secondary analysis of the Crossroads-II population health study. Generalised linear mixed models were constructed.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Design</h3> <p>Households were selected at random through address local government area lists. Data were collected by door-to-door surveying.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Settings</h3> <p>The northern part of the Goulburn Valley, Victoria, including one large rural conurbation (MM 3) and three medium rural towns (MM 4).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Participants</h3> <p>Over 15 years of age.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Outcome Measures</h3> <p>Use of allied health services.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>The odds of using audiology (1.047 [1.035, 1.059]), optometry (1.034 [1.027, 1.042]) and podiatry (1.052 [1.039, 1.066]) increased with age, and psychology decreased (0.985 [0.974, 0.997]). Females had lower odds than males for audiology (0.708 [0.553, 0.907]) and greater odds for optometry (1.712 [1.421, 2.064]) and pharmacy advice (1.593 [1.317, 1.927]). Greater odds were observed forbeing Australian-born and pharmacy advice (1.581 [1.149, 2.175]), English spoken at home and physiotherapy (2.415 [1.279, 4.560]), a bachelor's degree and psychology (1.579 [1.011, 2.466]) and pharmacy advice (1.296 [1.002, 1.675]), not working and psychology (3.518 [1.999, 6.191]) and social work (4.202 [2.110, 8.367]). Those unable to work had greater odds of using six of the eight services investigated.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>Socio-demographic associations with allied health use vary across disciplines. For this population in rural Victoria, socio-demographic associations were observed for all of the allied health modalities studied. Such relationships need to be studied in other rural and allied health cont
{"title":"Use of Allied Health Services in Rural Northern Victoria, Australia","authors":"Andrew J. Hamilton, Ryan McGrath, Lisa Bourke, Kristen M. Glenister, David Simmons","doi":"10.1111/ajr.70001","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajr.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Little is known about the socio-demographic factors associated with the use of allied health services in rural Australia. The objective of this study was to determine which factors were associated with the use of various modes of allied health in a region of Northern Victoria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a secondary analysis of the Crossroads-II population health study. Generalised linear mixed models were constructed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Households were selected at random through address local government area lists. Data were collected by door-to-door surveying.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Settings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The northern part of the Goulburn Valley, Victoria, including one large rural conurbation (MM 3) and three medium rural towns (MM 4).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Participants</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over 15 years of age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Outcome Measures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Use of allied health services.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The odds of using audiology (1.047 [1.035, 1.059]), optometry (1.034 [1.027, 1.042]) and podiatry (1.052 [1.039, 1.066]) increased with age, and psychology decreased (0.985 [0.974, 0.997]). Females had lower odds than males for audiology (0.708 [0.553, 0.907]) and greater odds for optometry (1.712 [1.421, 2.064]) and pharmacy advice (1.593 [1.317, 1.927]). Greater odds were observed forbeing Australian-born and pharmacy advice (1.581 [1.149, 2.175]), English spoken at home and physiotherapy (2.415 [1.279, 4.560]), a bachelor's degree and psychology (1.579 [1.011, 2.466]) and pharmacy advice (1.296 [1.002, 1.675]), not working and psychology (3.518 [1.999, 6.191]) and social work (4.202 [2.110, 8.367]). Those unable to work had greater odds of using six of the eight services investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Socio-demographic associations with allied health use vary across disciplines. For this population in rural Victoria, socio-demographic associations were observed for all of the allied health modalities studied. Such relationships need to be studied in other rural and allied health cont","PeriodicalId":55421,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Rural Health","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajr.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingyi Chen, Sharon A. Bentley, Allison M. McKendrick, Sandra C. Thompson, Angus W. Turner, Khyber Alam
Objective
Rural residents face numerous barriers to accessing eye care services that contribute to disparities in eye health outcomes. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of the rural workforce on opportunities to improve patient access to eye care services, as well as understand the ways the workforce can be supported.
Setting
Regional, rural and remote Western Australia.
Design
A qualitative descriptive approach was taken. Maximum variation and snowball sampling were used, and semi-structured interviews were conducted until data saturation. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using inductive thematic analysis.
Participants
Seventeen semi-structured interviews were conducted with six ophthalmologists, 10 optometrists and one non-clinician involved in delivering eye care services in rural Western Australia.
Results
Four major themes were identified. ‘Access to care’ pertained to barriers and facilitators of timely and appropriate eye care for rural residents. ‘Need for collaborative care framework’ between ophthalmology and optometry emerged as a key opportunity to decrease wait times and maximise efficiency of visiting services. ‘Motivation to work in rural settings’ and ‘challenges of working in rural settings’ suggested opportunities to support the workforce.
Conclusion
This study finds that continued support through financial, personal, and professional means is important for workforce retention and satisfaction among eye care service providers in rural Western Australia. Although collaborative care models currently exist, the extent of collaboration between practitioners varies considerably. Further research is required on developing innovative, scalable and sustainable models of care to meet the eye care needs in rural Australia.
{"title":"Rural Eye Care Access, Workforce Challenges and Opportunities: Perspectives of the Eye Health Workforce in Western Australia","authors":"Jingyi Chen, Sharon A. Bentley, Allison M. McKendrick, Sandra C. Thompson, Angus W. Turner, Khyber Alam","doi":"10.1111/ajr.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajr.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rural residents face numerous barriers to accessing eye care services that contribute to disparities in eye health outcomes. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of the rural workforce on opportunities to improve patient access to eye care services, as well as understand the ways the workforce can be supported.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Regional, rural and remote Western Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A qualitative descriptive approach was taken. Maximum variation and snowball sampling were used, and semi-structured interviews were conducted until data saturation. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using inductive thematic analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Participants</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventeen semi-structured interviews were conducted with six ophthalmologists, 10 optometrists and one non-clinician involved in delivering eye care services in rural Western Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four major themes were identified. ‘Access to care’ pertained to barriers and facilitators of timely and appropriate eye care for rural residents. ‘Need for collaborative care framework’ between ophthalmology and optometry emerged as a key opportunity to decrease wait times and maximise efficiency of visiting services. ‘Motivation to work in rural settings’ and ‘challenges of working in rural settings’ suggested opportunities to support the workforce.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study finds that continued support through financial, personal, and professional means is important for workforce retention and satisfaction among eye care service providers in rural Western Australia. Although collaborative care models currently exist, the extent of collaboration between practitioners varies considerably. Further research is required on developing innovative, scalable and sustainable models of care to meet the eye care needs in rural Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55421,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Rural Health","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David Crompton, Peter Kohleis, Jane Shakespeare-Finch, Gerard FitzGerald, Ross Young
<div> <section> <h3> Objective</h3> <p>The study assessed the impact on clinicians' ‘perception of skills’ in postdisaster evidence-informed care (EIC) following participation in an online training programme implemented following the Queensland floods and cyclones of 2010–11, clinician confidence to provide EIC, the frequency clinicians used EIC and barriers to providing postdisaster specialist mental health care.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Design</h3> <p>Clinician perception of pre and posttraining skills, confidence in providing therapies such as trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy (TF-CBT), frequency of therapies provided and clinician perception of barriers to the programme were assessed quantitatively and qualitatively.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Participants and Setting</h3> <p>Clinical staff (<i>n</i> = 60) employed by the 2010–11 postdisaster mental health programme participated in an online survey conducted over the last 12 weeks of 2012. After the programme concluded an independent audit of the clinical record of mental health clients treated by clinicians employed in the specialist mental health programme was undertaken.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Outcome Measure(s)</h3> <p>Perception of clinical skills in various EIC modalities was completed pre and posttraining. Confidence to provide a treatment was rated on a five-point scale. The clinical record audit identified the treatments provided to clients. Barriers to programme delivery were rated on a five-point scale, with qualitative feedback highlighting programme concerns.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Posttraining clinicians perceived skills in TF-CBT (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and exposure therapy (<i>p</i> < 0.001) had improved. Following training, clinicians described themselves as moderately to extremely confident in implementing TF-CBT (87%), exposure therapy (80%) and skills for psychological recovery (SPR) (88%). Clinical records analysis indicates that 25% of cases received no TF-CBT, while 43% received one to five sessions. Barriers to care included a lack of cross-service relationships. Recommendations focused on training and early commencement of intervention programmes.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>The study echoes the findings of the 2020 Australian Bushfire Roya
{"title":"Provision of Evidence-Informed Psychological Interventions Following the Queensland (Australia) 2010–11 Floods and Cyclones; the Barriers and Successes","authors":"David Crompton, Peter Kohleis, Jane Shakespeare-Finch, Gerard FitzGerald, Ross Young","doi":"10.1111/ajr.70002","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajr.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study assessed the impact on clinicians' ‘perception of skills’ in postdisaster evidence-informed care (EIC) following participation in an online training programme implemented following the Queensland floods and cyclones of 2010–11, clinician confidence to provide EIC, the frequency clinicians used EIC and barriers to providing postdisaster specialist mental health care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinician perception of pre and posttraining skills, confidence in providing therapies such as trauma-focused cognitive behaviour therapy (TF-CBT), frequency of therapies provided and clinician perception of barriers to the programme were assessed quantitatively and qualitatively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Participants and Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinical staff (<i>n</i> = 60) employed by the 2010–11 postdisaster mental health programme participated in an online survey conducted over the last 12 weeks of 2012. After the programme concluded an independent audit of the clinical record of mental health clients treated by clinicians employed in the specialist mental health programme was undertaken.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Outcome Measure(s)</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Perception of clinical skills in various EIC modalities was completed pre and posttraining. Confidence to provide a treatment was rated on a five-point scale. The clinical record audit identified the treatments provided to clients. Barriers to programme delivery were rated on a five-point scale, with qualitative feedback highlighting programme concerns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Posttraining clinicians perceived skills in TF-CBT (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and exposure therapy (<i>p</i> < 0.001) had improved. Following training, clinicians described themselves as moderately to extremely confident in implementing TF-CBT (87%), exposure therapy (80%) and skills for psychological recovery (SPR) (88%). Clinical records analysis indicates that 25% of cases received no TF-CBT, while 43% received one to five sessions. Barriers to care included a lack of cross-service relationships. Recommendations focused on training and early commencement of intervention programmes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study echoes the findings of the 2020 Australian Bushfire Roya","PeriodicalId":55421,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Rural Health","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11780684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luke Calleja, Beverley Glass, Selina Taylor, Kisha Neville, Leanne Brown, Andrea Miller, Alice Cairns
Objective
This study aimed to explore the perspectives of healthcare professionals on the utility of sick day management plans for people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in remote communities and collaboratively design a sick day management plan resource.
Design
This qualitative study utilised two phases of data collection: preliminary observational data and semi-structured interviews. The research design and analysis were guided by the normalisation process theory (NPT) framework, tailored for complex interventions in healthcare.
Setting
Three First Nations communities and one remote mining community in Cape York, Australia.
Participants
In-person semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 primary healthcare workers; 40% identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander.
Results
The study identified three themes relating to feasibility of implementation: (1) resource coherence and readability, (2) suitability for integration into the care model and (3) safety and risk associated with sick day management plans. Iterative development of resources followed, incorporating feedback from the participants. Recommendations emerged for enhanced readability and coherence, including further co-design with individual communities and consumers, content simplification, incorporation of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander artwork and language and a flow chart structure.
Conclusion
The study underscores the importance of culturally sensitive resource design and the active involvement of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander communities in healthcare improvement. Future research should explore cost-effective methods for personalised sick day management plans.
{"title":"Sick Day Management Plans for Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander Peoples With Chronic Kidney Disease on the Cape York Peninsula of Australia: Health Workers' Perspectives","authors":"Luke Calleja, Beverley Glass, Selina Taylor, Kisha Neville, Leanne Brown, Andrea Miller, Alice Cairns","doi":"10.1111/ajr.13223","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajr.13223","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to explore the perspectives of healthcare professionals on the utility of sick day management plans for people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in remote communities and collaboratively design a sick day management plan resource.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This qualitative study utilised two phases of data collection: preliminary observational data and semi-structured interviews. The research design and analysis were guided by the normalisation process theory (NPT) framework, tailored for complex interventions in healthcare.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three First Nations communities and one remote mining community in Cape York, Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Participants</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In-person semi-structured interviews were conducted with 23 primary healthcare workers; 40% identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study identified three themes relating to feasibility of implementation: (1) resource coherence and readability, (2) suitability for integration into the care model and (3) safety and risk associated with sick day management plans. Iterative development of resources followed, incorporating feedback from the participants. Recommendations emerged for enhanced readability and coherence, including further co-design with individual communities and consumers, content simplification, incorporation of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander artwork and language and a flow chart structure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study underscores the importance of culturally sensitive resource design and the active involvement of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander communities in healthcare improvement. Future research should explore cost-effective methods for personalised sick day management plans.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55421,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Rural Health","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11771647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research suggests a significant disparity between rural and urban trauma patient outcomes, causing substantial social, economic and emotional costs, impacting health-related quality of life and functionality, and straining our healthcare system. There has not been a systematic examination of contributing factors in Australia.
Objective
This study aims to systematically describe the nature of research on trauma outcomes by geographical location and (where possible) describe factors found to increase or decrease the likelihood and severity of injury in rural Australia.
Design
Five databases (EMBASE, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL) and reference lists were searched. Eligible studies compared injury outcomes by geographic location in Australia, using a quantitative study design. No restrictions were placed on publication year or outcomes explored. The results were synthesised narratively.
Findings
We found 14 papers. Mortality, the most studied outcome (n = 11), was overall positively related to traumatic incidents in more rural locations. Other data outcomes included hospital admissions and length of stay, admission to ICU, 28-day hospital readmission, rehabilitation, and patient-reported quality of life. Study findings show different mechanisms of injury (e.g., falls) and limited accounts of pre-hospital experiences.
Discussion
Geographical location of trauma may impact the likelihood of injury mortality but is potentially confounded by the different mechanisms and severity of injury. There is insufficient evidence to make conclusions on other non-mortality and longer-term outcomes, and a greater understanding of prehospital outcomes is also needed.
Conclusion
This relationship is considered weak due to the limited geographic representation across Australia and the general paucity of recent literature.
研究表明，农村和城市创伤患者的预后存在显著差异，造成了巨大的社会、经济和情感成本，影响了与健康相关的生活质量和功能，并使我们的医疗保健系统紧张。在澳大利亚还没有对造成这种情况的因素进行系统的检查。目的：本研究旨在系统地描述地理位置创伤结果研究的性质，并（在可能的情况下）描述在澳大利亚农村发现的增加或减少伤害可能性和严重程度的因素。设计：检索5个数据库（EMBASE、PubMed/MEDLINE、Web of Science、Scopus、CINAHL）和参考文献列表。符合条件的研究采用定量研究设计，比较了澳大利亚不同地理位置的伤害结果。对出版年份和研究结果没有限制。结果以叙述的方式加以综合。结果：我们找到了14篇论文。死亡率，研究最多的结果（n = 11），总体上与更多农村地区的创伤事件呈正相关。其他数据结果包括住院次数和住院时间、ICU入院时间、28天再入院时间、康复情况和患者报告的生活质量。研究结果显示不同的损伤机制（如跌倒）和有限的院前经历。讨论：创伤的地理位置可能影响损伤死亡率的可能性，但可能因不同的机制和损伤的严重程度而混淆。目前还没有足够的证据来得出其他非死亡率和较长期结局的结论，而且还需要对院前结局有更深入的了解。结论：由于澳大利亚有限的地理代表性和近期文献的普遍缺乏，这种关系被认为是薄弱的。
{"title":"Trauma Outcomes Based on Remoteness of Injury in Australia: A Systemic Review","authors":"Sanaa Hafeez-Baig, Lisa Buckley, Mark Midwinter","doi":"10.1111/ajr.13216","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajr.13216","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Research suggests a significant disparity between rural and urban trauma patient outcomes, causing substantial social, economic and emotional costs, impacting health-related quality of life and functionality, and straining our healthcare system. There has not been a systematic examination of contributing factors in Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to systematically describe the nature of research on trauma outcomes by geographical location and (where possible) describe factors found to increase or decrease the likelihood and severity of injury in rural Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five databases (EMBASE, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL) and reference lists were searched. Eligible studies compared injury outcomes by geographic location in Australia, using a quantitative study design. No restrictions were placed on publication year or outcomes explored. The results were synthesised narratively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found 14 papers. Mortality, the most studied outcome (<i>n</i> = 11), was overall positively related to traumatic incidents in more rural locations. Other data outcomes included hospital admissions and length of stay, admission to ICU, 28-day hospital readmission, rehabilitation, and patient-reported quality of life. Study findings show different mechanisms of injury (e.g., falls) and limited accounts of pre-hospital experiences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Geographical location of trauma may impact the likelihood of injury mortality but is potentially confounded by the different mechanisms and severity of injury. There is insufficient evidence to make conclusions on other non-mortality and longer-term outcomes, and a greater understanding of prehospital outcomes is also needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This relationship is considered weak due to the limited geographic representation across Australia and the general paucity of recent literature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55421,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Rural Health","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Claire Quilliam, Jason Thompson, Nicole Crawford, Carol McKinstry, Aaron Chambers, Ravi Bhat, Leigh Stanbrook
Objective
The median age of people in rural areas is older than those living in metropolitan areas. Harnessing the potential of the mature-aged population in rural communities may present a uniquely sustainable approach to strengthening the rural health workforce system. The objective of this study was to map the rural health workforce system in Australia and identify the current and potential role of mature-aged people in the workforce system.
Setting
Not applicable.
Participants
Not applicable.
Design
Systems thinking, specifically causal loop diagramming.
Results
The causal loop diagram illustrates the interrelated variables in the rural health workforce system. It also illustrates that the potential contribution of mature-aged people living in rural communities has been overlooked in the strategies to address the rural workforce undersupply.
Conclusion
Health workforces in regional, rural and remote communities in Australia have experienced constant undersupply despite ongoing government and community effort. Novel approaches are required to determine potential strategies to harness the capacity of rural mature-aged people to strengthen the rural health workforce.
{"title":"Mature-Aged People in the Rural Health Workforce System: A Systems Modelling Approach","authors":"Claire Quilliam, Jason Thompson, Nicole Crawford, Carol McKinstry, Aaron Chambers, Ravi Bhat, Leigh Stanbrook","doi":"10.1111/ajr.13222","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajr.13222","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median age of people in rural areas is older than those living in metropolitan areas. Harnessing the potential of the mature-aged population in rural communities may present a uniquely sustainable approach to strengthening the rural health workforce system. The objective of this study was to map the rural health workforce system in Australia and identify the current and potential role of mature-aged people in the workforce system.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Not applicable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Participants</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Not applicable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Systems thinking, specifically causal loop diagramming.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The causal loop diagram illustrates the interrelated variables in the rural health workforce system. It also illustrates that the potential contribution of mature-aged people living in rural communities has been overlooked in the strategies to address the rural workforce undersupply.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Health workforces in regional, rural and remote communities in Australia have experienced constant undersupply despite ongoing government and community effort. Novel approaches are required to determine potential strategies to harness the capacity of rural mature-aged people to strengthen the rural health workforce.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55421,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Rural Health","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Loretta Weatherall, Alinta Trindall, Trish Tonkin, Joseph Alvin Santos, Dori Patay, Ruth McCausland, Wendy Spencer, Greg Leslie, Eileen Baldry, Keziah Bennett-Brook, Julieann Coombes, Tamara Mackean, Janani Shanthosh, Ty Madden, Bruce Moore, Ann-Marie Deane, Niall Earle, Christine Corby GDip, Melissa Nathan, Sera L. Young, Emalie Rosewarne, Jacqui Webster
Objective
To measure current levels and experiences of food and water security in Walgett to guide a community-led program and to provide a baseline measure.
Design
A community-led cross-sectional survey conducted in April 2022 by trained local researchers.
Setting
Walgett, a regional town in NSW, Australia.
Participants
A total of 251 Aboriginal adults.
Main Outcome Measured
Food and water security levels and experiences were measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and Household Water InSecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale. The relationship between food and water insecurity was determined through linear regression analysis.
Results
Almost half of the respondents experienced food insecurity (46%) or water insecurity (44%) in the last 12 months. Most participants attributed food insecurity to difficulties with food affordability (71%) and availability (63%). More than four in five participants reported relying on purchased or donated bottled water due to main water source interruption (83%) or quality concerns (86%). Water insecurity was associated with food insecurity; HFIAS score increased by 0.43 points for every point higher on the HWISE scale.
Conclusions
This study is the first to measure levels and experiences of food and water security in an Aboriginal community in Australia using validated tools. The results highlight the interconnectedness of food and water insecurity and provide evidence of levels far higher than Australian national level estimates and comparable to low- and middle-income countries. A holistic government response alongside community-led efforts are needed to increasefood and water security to improve health and well-being in remote Aboriginal communities.
{"title":"Measuring Food and Water Security in an Aboriginal Community in Regional Australia","authors":"Loretta Weatherall, Alinta Trindall, Trish Tonkin, Joseph Alvin Santos, Dori Patay, Ruth McCausland, Wendy Spencer, Greg Leslie, Eileen Baldry, Keziah Bennett-Brook, Julieann Coombes, Tamara Mackean, Janani Shanthosh, Ty Madden, Bruce Moore, Ann-Marie Deane, Niall Earle, Christine Corby GDip, Melissa Nathan, Sera L. Young, Emalie Rosewarne, Jacqui Webster","doi":"10.1111/ajr.13214","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajr.13214","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To measure current levels and experiences of food and water security in Walgett to guide a community-led program and to provide a baseline measure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A community-led cross-sectional survey conducted in April 2022 by trained local researchers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Walgett, a regional town in NSW, Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Participants</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 251 Aboriginal adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Outcome Measured</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Food and water security levels and experiences were measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and Household Water InSecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale. The relationship between food and water insecurity was determined through linear regression analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Almost half of the respondents experienced food insecurity (46%) or water insecurity (44%) in the last 12 months. Most participants attributed food insecurity to difficulties with food affordability (71%) and availability (63%). More than four in five participants reported relying on purchased or donated bottled water due to main water source interruption (83%) or quality concerns (86%). Water insecurity was associated with food insecurity; HFIAS score increased by 0.43 points for every point higher on the HWISE scale.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study is the first to measure levels and experiences of food and water security in an Aboriginal community in Australia using validated tools. The results highlight the interconnectedness of food and water insecurity and provide evidence of levels far higher than Australian national level estimates and comparable to low- and middle-income countries. A holistic government response alongside community-led efforts are needed to increasefood and water security to improve health and well-being in remote Aboriginal communities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55421,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Rural Health","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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