American Journal of Orthopsychiatry最新文献

College students face significant mental health challenges, yet many are reluctant to seek professional mental health help. This study examined the relative contributions of public stigma, self-stigma, depression, and negative network orientation to help-seeking attitudes among college students, controlling for demographic factors. Data were collected from 395 college students enrolled in U.S. postsecondary institutions. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that all examined factors significantly influenced help-seeking attitudes, with self-stigma emerging as the strongest predictor, followed by negative network orientation, public stigma, and depression. The full model accounted for 66.2% of the variance in help-seeking attitudes. Demographic factors explained 13.6% of the variance, with women, gender nonbinary/nonconforming, and bi/multiracial students reporting more positive attitudes toward seeking help in the final model. These findings underscore the complex interplay of factors shaping help-seeking attitudes and emphasize the importance of interventions targeting stigma and negative perceptions of social support networks to improve mental health service utilization among college students. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Systemic social oppression is a chronic, complex, transmissible, and cumulative source of collective trauma that targets groups of people based on shared identities and experiences. While various disciplines rely on collective trauma as a theoretical framework to elaborate on the pervasive impacts of systemic oppression, other disciplines allude to the study and measurement of this phenomenon but neglect to characterize it under this specific framework. Without fully integrating these multidisciplinary perspectives and developing reliable methods of experimentation and data collection, researchers will remain limited in their ability to provide a truly holistic perspective of collective trauma's impact on the health and well-being of marginalized communities. This integrative, interdisciplinary analysis draws from various disciplines to define and conceptualize collective trauma resulting from systemic social oppression. Furthermore, this article seeks to explore how collective trauma contributes to inequities in health and social conditions among historically marginalized groups. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Prior research suggests that immigrant generation, perceived discrimination, and identity shape Muslim American immigrants' mental health, but these factors have rarely been examined simultaneously, especially not while comparing different immigrant generations of Muslim Americans directly to each other and to Muslim Americans with no recent history of immigration. We examined the relationships between these factors and depression and anxiety symptoms in a sample of 157 Muslim American college students (range = 17-48; M_age = 21.16, SD = 3.69; 75.2% female; immigrant generations: 23.6% first, 54.1% second, and 22.3% third or later generations; region of origin: 65.6% Arab or Middle Eastern, 19.2% Southeast Asian, 6.4% sub-Saharan African or Caribbean, 5.6% European, and 3.2% South or Central American). These students were primarily recruited through announcements in relevant classes and student organizations to complete an online survey that included a question on their birthplace and their parents' birthplace as well as measures of perceived discrimination (General Ethnic Discrimination Scale), Muslim identity (Multigroup Ethnic Identity Scale), depression symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-8), and anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7). We conducted path analytic models and tested the indirect effects of immigrant generation on depression and anxiety symptoms through perceived discrimination and Muslim American identity. Results showed that first- and third- or later-generation immigrants reported significantly lower perceived discrimination than second-generation immigrants, which in turn was linked to lower symptoms. Indirect effects via perceived discrimination were statistically significant, but those via identity were not. These results suggest that second-generation Muslim Americans are at heightened risk of psychological symptoms partly due to greater perceived discrimination and stress the need for clinical interventions and advocacy efforts targeting the high levels of discrimination that this group of students confronts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Service restrictions involve people experiencing homelessness being banned from an emergency shelter in response to a violation of program policies. Their use can be a pathway into unsheltered homelessness and reliance on other institutional services. However, the prevalence of service restriction use and the perspectives of shelter staff toward the practice are unknown. Accordingly, this mixed methods study used a one-phase QUAL(quan) embedded design to examine the reasons for implementing service restrictions, as recorded by shelter staff in administrative data and their perceptions of the practice, with a focus on impacts. Two sources of data were used: (a) semistructured interviews with 30 staff working in shelters in Toronto, Canada, and (b) administrative data from 2014 to 2021 on the reasons for service restriction issuance across Toronto's shelter system. Assault and threatening or violent behavior were common reasons for service restriction and had increased in recent years. Despite the prevalence of their use, service restrictions were perceived as a necessity ("necessary evil") by shelter staff but could also challenge and unsettle staff due to the potential for further harms to people experiencing homelessness ("making a homeless person even more homeless"). Improving violence prevention approaches, developing alternative responses for nonviolent behaviors that violate shelter policies, and implementing training and support interventions to enhance workplace mental health and wellness among shelter staff could address underlying issues linked to service restrictions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Social justice is a value central to the social work profession and paramount for scholars and practitioners invested in public behavioral health. How can social workers and behavioral health researchers and practitioners approach practice, often dealing with personal and individual-level issues, while maintaining a systemic antioppressive and social justice-oriented focus? In this article, we present a model for leveraging emerging technologies to engage behavioral health practitioners and researchers in antioppressive behavioral health practices and generate technology-based training modules. We explore an experimental course taught at a school of social work that engaged participatory design methodologies to (a) introduce students to an antioppressive social work practice model centering institutional, cultural, and societal barriers to wellness (including racism, classism, sexism, homophobia, transphobia, ableism, and ageism), (b) explore immersive storytelling for social impact and the costs and affordances of emerging technologies, and (c) empower students to design and create their own virtual reality experiences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

There is wide recognition that contact with parents while in residential care settings (RCSs) is beneficial for children. Yet, some barriers limit parental involvement. Research often overlooks parents' perspectives, focusing often on administrative data and professionals' reports. This study explored the experiences of parents whose children reside in educational RCSs for youth from underprivileged backgrounds, highlighting parent-child relations, parental involvement, and factors that hinder or promote parents' participation. The study utilized in-depth, semistructured qualitative interviews with 33 parents of youth (aged 12-18) from 11 Israeli RCSs. A thematic analysis of the interviews was conducted to identify themes and subthemes describing the parents' experiences and insights. Two key themes emerged (a) the state of the parent-child relationship during the child's stay in the RCS, including the transition to the facility; and (b) parental involvement at the RCS, including both proactive involvement initiated by the parents and involvement facilitated by staff, as well as the barriers to and facilitators of this involvement. The main barriers include staff's low availability, passivity, alienation, as well as high turnover; the children's demanding schedule; and the family's socioeconomic challenges, geographic distance, and internal conflicts. Main facilitators include a collaborative staff approach, positive child-staff relationships, parental empowerment, and holistic staff partnerships. The study emphasized the need for policies that actively involve parents in RCSs and recognize them as key sources of knowledge about their children; and the importance of staff training to improve parental engagement. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

The COVID-19 pandemic coincided with increased diagnoses of psychiatric disorders and a rise in psychiatric hospitalizations in children and youth in Canada. The collateral effects of the pandemic on children and youth have been well documented in many domains. However, the impact of pandemic restrictions in child and youth psychiatric inpatient milieux has been largely ignored. This study aimed to understand youth and families' experiences of inpatient psychiatric hospitalization in Canada during the height of the pandemic (2020-2022). We conducted focus groups with youth and family members. Our findings highlight that youth and their kin experienced multiple forms of deprivation, including physical isolation and separation from family. Participants were unanimous in reporting that quality of care was significantly compromised, which they felt led to poorer outcomes. We reflect on the challenges of preserving the relational components of care in a time of crisis, the carcerality of COVID-19 isolation practices, and how the turn toward risk management culture was met with resistance and distrust by youth and their families. We discuss how many findings are reflective of trends in inpatient care overall, not only in times of crisis, and suggest that COVID-19 may have brought into focus fault lines that require a rethinking of child and youth inpatient practices. Nonetheless, the insights from this study can help with guiding policy in future crises, including involving children and families in policy development, reducing potentially traumatizing practices of quarantine and isolation, and maintaining flexibility when applying restrictive regulations to youth mental health patients. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

In this exploratory study, we examined the future orientation of young adult Arabs in Israel, considering their sociocultural context and the ongoing sociopolitical tensions exacerbated by the October 7 events. Future orientation, defined as individuals' perceptions, aspirations, and plans for their future, plays a critical role in personal development and goal achievement. However, little research has focused on how discrimination, ethnonational identity, and political conflict shape future orientation among young adult Arabs in Israel. Through in-depth interviews with 34 participants aged 18-31, we identified six distinct profiles of self-perception related to future orientation: the ideal self, the belonging self, the confused self, the discriminated self, the fearful and alert self, and the determined self. While some young adults displayed resilience and determination, others expressed confusion, fear, or feelings of exclusion due to systemic oppression and sociopolitical instability. The findings underscore the complex interplay of personal, cultural, and sociopolitical factors in shaping future orientation, particularly under conditions of insidious trauma and conflict. We propose a trauma-informed approach to understanding and addressing future orientation among minority groups in conflict zones. Implications for practice include culturally sensitive interventions and resilience-building programs that empower young adults to navigate systemic barriers and realize their aspirations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Based on 814 3- to 4-year-olds (408 girls; Han Chinese: 97.5%) from Wuhan and Zhengzhou, two cities in China affected by COVID-19 to varying degrees, this study examined the impact of COVID-19 and lockdowns on children's emotional distress and its underlying family-level mechanisms. Children living in a city with "high-load" coronavirus and lockdown (Wuhan) exhibited more symptoms of anxiety/withdrawal, fear, and acting out than their counterparts living in a city with "low loads" (Zhengzhou; ds = .29∼.35). The differences were explained by differences in primary caregivers' worries about health and basic resources (e.g., food) between Wuhan and Zhengzhou (ds = .45∼.61). The findings highlight the importance of incorporating the impact of lockdowns on children and families in policy making in the context of a public health emergency. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

Misgendering is a common and distressing experience for many transgender (trans) and gender diverse people. Although existing research (e.g., McLemore, 2015, 2018) suggests that being misgendered is negatively associated with mental health, the empirical literature on misgendering is currently nascent. In the present study, we examined how trans and gender diverse people experienced and negotiated being misgendered. Guided by a constructivist grounded theory framework with a critical-ideological lens (Cresswell, 2007; Ponterotto, 2005), we conducted and analyzed 14 semistructured interviews using a constant comparative approach, including internal and external auditing and member check interviews. Participants' experiences of misgendering were influenced by several contextual factors, both temporary and long-standing, and in both personal and environmental spheres. Participants described and differentiated the experiences and effects of misgendering from accidental to intentional. Participants also described the decision-making process and response possibilities subsequent to misgendering-which could be influenced both by their initial reaction to being misgendered and by contextual factors-and could then correct or not correct the misgendering. Depending on how they reacted and responded, experiences of misgendering had short- and long-term consequences for many participants. Thematic results were integrated into a model of the experience of negotiating being misgendered. Participants' experiences indicate that misgendering is a significant minority stressor and highlight ways in which others can support trans and gender diverse individuals in navigating this experience to minimize the negative impact on well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).