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Transgender older adults' prior military service: Mental health differences by gender identification. 变性老年人曾服兵役的情况:不同性别认同的心理健康差异。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000747
Charles P Hoy-Ellis, Hyun-Jun Kim, Austin G Oswald, Christi Nelson, Karen I Fredriksen-Goldsen

Despite a proportionally higher likelihood of serving, the role of prior military service in the mental health of transgender individuals is understudied. Research on the impact of military service on mental health tends to be proximal. We examined the distal relationship between prior military service, identity stigma, and mental health among transgender older adults, drawing comparisons between transgender men and women. We conducted a series of weighted multivariate linear models to predict the relationships between prior military service, identity stigma, perceived stress, and depression among 183 transgender women and men aged 51-87 (M = 60.11, SD = 0.668) using 2014 data from the National Health, Aging, and Sexuality/Gender Study. Prior military service was negatively associated with depression and perceived stress; identity stigma was positively associated with both. Prior military service and lower depression and perceived stress were significant for transgender men, but not women. Identity stigma was significant with depression and perceived stress among transgender women, but not transgender men. Our preliminary findings suggest that prior military service may serve as a protective factor for mental health among transgender men, but not transgender women. We need to better understand how military experience interacts with other characteristics, such as differing gender identities influences the mental health of transgender service members. Further research is needed to inform underlying mechanisms whereby military service differentially impacts mental health by gender identity so all active-duty personnel can share in the many benefits that accrue from military service, including protective effects on mental health in later life. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

尽管变性人服兵役的可能性按比例来说更高,但之前的兵役对变性人心理健康的影响却未得到充分研究。有关服兵役对心理健康影响的研究往往是近距离的。我们研究了变性老年人之前的兵役、身份污名和心理健康之间的远端关系,并对变性男性和女性进行了比较。我们利用 "全国健康、老龄化和性/性别研究"(National Health, Aging, and Sexuality/Gender Study)的 2014 年数据,对 183 名年龄在 51-87 岁之间的变性女性和男性(M = 60.11,SD = 0.668)进行了一系列加权多变量线性模型,以预测他们之前的兵役、身份污名、感知压力和抑郁之间的关系。曾服兵役与抑郁和感知压力呈负相关;身份污名与抑郁和感知压力呈正相关。曾服兵役与变性男性抑郁和压力感较低有显著关系,但与女性无关。在变性女性中,身份烙印与抑郁和感知到的压力有显著关系,但在变性男性中则没有。我们的初步研究结果表明,曾服兵役可能是变性男性心理健康的一个保护因素,但对变性女性则不是。我们需要更好地了解从军经历如何与其他特征相互作用,如不同的性别认同对变性军人心理健康的影响。我们需要开展进一步的研究,以了解服兵役对不同性别身份的心理健康产生不同影响的潜在机制,从而让所有现役军人都能分享服兵役带来的诸多益处,包括对晚年心理健康的保护作用。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring culturally and contextually specific distress among Afghan, Iraqi, and Great Lakes African refugees. 测量阿富汗、伊拉克和大湖地区非洲难民中文化和背景特定的困扰。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000718
Ryeora Choe, David T Lardier, Julia Meredith Hess, Meredith A Blackwell, Suha Amer, Martin Ndayisenga, Sara Deewa, Brian Isakson, Jessica R Goodkind

Culturally and contextually valid measurement of psychological distress is critical, given the increasing numbers of forcibly displaced people and transnational migration. This study replicates an inductive process that elicited culturally specific expressions, understandings, and idioms of distress among Afghans to develop culturally specific measures of distress for Great Lakes Africans and Iraqis and expands this methodology to include a focus on the contexts of refugees resettled in the United States. To create the measures, we adapted Miller et al.'s (2006) model for the Afghan Symptom Checklist (ASCL) and conducted 18 semistructured qualitative interviews that attended to refugees' multiple settings; the impact of potentially traumatic events initially and postresettlement; and the experiences and impact of resettlement stressors. We tested the newly developed measures and existing ASCL with 280 recently resettled refugees (< 3 years) from Afghanistan, the Great Lakes region of Africa, and Iraq to assess factor structure, reliability, and construct validity. We successfully replicated and adapted a process for creating culturally specific measures of distress to create reliable and valid scales that consider culturally and contextually specific distress among several groups of forcibly displaced people. Our results highlight the salience of individuals' social contexts and how they are manifested as idioms of distress, bringing together two key areas of research: the social construction of mental health and social determinants of mental health. These findings have implications for improving measurement of psychological distress and for developing multilevel interventions that are culturally resonant and address factors beyond the individual level. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

鉴于被迫流离失所者和跨国移民的人数不断增加,对心理困扰进行文化和背景有效的测量至关重要。本研究采用归纳法,从阿富汗人的文化背景中汲取有关心理困扰的特定表达方式、理解和习惯用语,从而为大湖区非洲人和伊拉克人制定出具有文化背景特定性的心理困扰测量方法。为了制定这些测量方法,我们改编了米勒等人(2006 年)的阿富汗症状检查表(ASCL)模型,并进行了 18 次半结构式定性访谈,这些访谈涉及难民的多重背景、最初和重新安置后潜在创伤事件的影响,以及重新安置压力因素的经历和影响。我们对来自阿富汗、非洲大湖区和伊拉克的280名新近重新安置的难民(小于3年)进行了测试,以评估新开发的测量方法和现有的ASCL的因素结构、可靠性和构建有效性。我们成功地复制并改编了针对特定文化背景的痛苦测量方法,创建了可靠有效的量表,考虑到了被迫流离失所者中多个群体的特定文化和背景下的痛苦。我们的研究结果凸显了个人社会背景的重要性,以及这些社会背景如何表现为困扰的习语,从而将心理健康的社会建构和心理健康的社会决定因素这两个关键研究领域结合起来。这些发现对改进心理困扰的测量方法,以及制定具有文化共鸣并能解决个人层面以外因素的多层次干预措施具有重要意义。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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引用次数: 0
Necessary, burdensome, or threatening? Awareness of Black-White disparities in health care access and self-rated health for Black and White Americans. 必要、负担还是威胁?对美国黑人和白人在获得医疗保健和自我健康评价方面的差距的认识。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000740
Vanessa V Volpe, Courtney S Thomas Tobin, Donte L Bernard, Perusi B Muhigaba, Julia M Ross

Awareness of racial health care inequities is one prerequisite to eliminating them. Although extant research has described awareness of racial health care inequities in the United States, the health impacts of such awareness on communities that are most impacted by these inequities remains unknown. Therefore, we examined associations between awareness of Black-White racial health care inequities and self-rated health for Black and White adults in the United States. We used survey data from non-Hispanic Black and White participants (N = 6,449) who responded to the national American Health Values Survey (2015-2016) to test associations between awareness of Black-White inequities in health care and self-rated health. Accurate awareness of health care inequities was associated with 47% higher odds of poorer self-rated health for Black individuals. Inaccurate awareness was associated with 36% higher odds of poorer self-rated health for White individuals. Accurate awareness may be adaptive, yet place an additional burden on Black individuals. Inaccurate awareness may harm White individuals' health. Health care system changes and alleviation of racism-related stress may be preventive supports for the health of Black individuals. Accurate awareness should be a goal for White individuals, not only to prevent health risks, but to also facilitate structural change for racial equity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

认识到种族医疗不平等是消除这些不平等的先决条件之一。尽管现有研究已经描述了美国对种族医疗不平等的认识,但这种认识对受这些不平等影响最大的社区的健康影响仍然未知。因此,我们研究了美国黑人和白人成年人对黑人-白人种族医疗不平等的认识与自我健康评价之间的关联。我们使用了非西班牙裔黑人和白人参与者(N = 6,449 人)的调查数据,他们回答了全国性的美国健康价值观调查(2015-2016 年),以检验对黑人-白人医疗保健不平等的认识与自我健康评价之间的关联。对医疗保健不平等的准确认识与黑人自我评定健康状况较差的几率高出 47% 有关。如果认识不准确,白人自我健康评价较差的几率会增加 36%。准确的认识可能是适应性的,但会给黑人带来额外负担。认识不准确可能会损害白人的健康。医疗保健系统的改变和减轻与种族主义相关的压力可能会对黑人的健康起到预防作用。准确的认识应该是白人的目标,这不仅是为了预防健康风险,也是为了促进种族公平的结构性变革。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
A randomized controlled implementation trial of a multicomponent integrated care program to empower mental health service users and their relatives throughout the recovery process. 一项多成分综合护理计划的随机对照实施试验,旨在在整个康复过程中增强心理健康服务使用者及其亲属的能力。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000704
Maria Jesús San Pío, Isabela Sibuet, Gemma Marcet, Emilio Rojo, Francisco José Eiroa-Orosa

This study assessed the effectiveness of a psychosocial multicomponent program designed to empower individuals experiencing severe mental distress and their relatives throughout the recovery process. The program consisted of four consecutive interventions, including orientation, psychoeducation, empowerment, and mutual help. A randomized controlled implementation trial was conducted to investigate the program's impact on the recovery of individuals experiencing mental distress, as well as on the caregiving burden and perceived social support experienced by their relatives. Two hundred twenty-two persons in recovery and one of their relatives from 12 different territories within Catalonia, Spain took part in the study. The intervention group exhibited higher recovery scores compared to the control group at 6 months, although this difference was not sustained at the 12-month follow-up. No statistically significant differences were found for burden and social support scores between experimental groups. However, time effects were found for recovery and burden scores regardless of experimental group membership. Dose-effect analyses showed that participation was related to recovery and burden scores, with no time interactions observed. Upon examining the interaction with sociodemographic variables, we discovered statistically significant group-by-time interactions, suggesting a more positive progression of recovery scores among the experimental group when either the person in recovery was younger, their relative was female, or lived outside of the Barcelona Metropolitan Area. These results allow us to conclude that the program has a positive effect on the recovery journey. However, the lack of effectiveness regarding burden and social support in relatives highlights the necessity of reconsidering implementation and evaluation strategies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

这项研究评估了一项心理社会多成分计划的有效性,该计划旨在增强经历严重精神痛苦的个人及其亲属在整个康复过程中的能力。该项目包括四个连续的干预措施,包括定向、心理教育、赋权和互助。进行了一项随机对照实施试验,以调查该计划对经历精神痛苦的个体的康复以及对其亲属所经历的护理负担和感知的社会支持的影响。来自西班牙加泰罗尼亚12个不同地区的222名康复者及其一名亲属参加了这项研究。与对照组相比,干预组在6个月时表现出更高的恢复分数,尽管这种差异在12个月的随访中没有持续。实验组之间的负担和社会支持得分没有发现统计学上的显著差异。然而,无论实验组成员如何,恢复和负担分数都存在时间效应。剂量效应分析表明,参与与恢复和负荷评分有关,没有观察到时间相互作用。在研究了与社会人口统计学变量的相互作用后,我们发现了具有统计学意义的逐时间的相互作用,这表明当康复者更年轻、他们的亲属是女性或居住在巴塞罗那大都会区以外时,实验组的康复得分进展更为积极。这些结果使我们得出结论,该计划对康复之旅有积极影响。然而,在亲属负担和社会支持方面缺乏有效性,这突出表明有必要重新考虑执行和评估战略。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2023 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
Reflecting on 100 years of children's rights. 儿童权利百年反思。
IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000774
Warren Binford
2024 is the 100th Anniversary of the Geneva Declaration of the Rights of the Child. Endorsed by the League of Nations in 1924 following World War I, the Geneva Declaration is the first international legal instrument recognizing the inherent rights of children worldwide-indeed, it is the first human rights document ever recognized by an intergovernmental organization, thus giving rise to the international human rights era that transformed policy, law, and ethics in the 20th century. As we approach the 100th anniversary of the Geneva Declaration, we have the opportunity to reflect on the progress we have made in the first century of intentional work recognizing and advancing the human rights of children internationally. This commentary looks at the international children's rights legal framework that was developed by the global community from 1924 to the present. It then highlights advancements and shortcomings in key thematic areas, such as child health and well-being, poverty, child labor, and education. It closes by focusing on the path and priorities before us as we enter our second century of advancing international children's rights. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
2024 年是《日内瓦儿童权利宣言》发表 100 周年。日内瓦宣言》是第一次世界大战后国际联盟于 1924 年批准的,是第一份承认全世界儿童固有权利的国际法律文书--事实上,它也是第一份得到政府间组织承认的人权文件,从而开创了国际人权时代,改变了 20 世纪的政策、法律和伦理。在《日内瓦宣言》发表 100 周年即将到来之际,我们有机会反思我们在第一个世纪中为在国际上承认和促进儿童人权而开展的有意识的工作所取得的进展。本评论回顾了全球社会从 1924 年至今所制定的国际儿童权利法律框架。然后,它强调了在儿童健康和福祉、贫困、童工和教育等关键主题领域取得的进步和存在的不足。最后,报告重点阐述了我们在进入推进国际儿童权利的第二个世纪时所面临的道路和优先事项。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)。
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引用次数: 0
Relationships among intimate partner violence, unfair treatment, depressive symptoms, and family support: A community-based study of Gujarati women in the Midwestern USA. 亲密伴侣暴力、不公平待遇、抑郁症状和家庭支持之间的关系:一项针对美国中西部古吉拉特妇女的社区研究。
IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000723
Mieko Yoshihama, Abha Rai, Yoon Joon Choi, Jun Sung Hong, Yueqi Yan

Intimate partner violence (IPV) and unfair treatment can negatively affect the health and well-being of many women, especially women of color. Few studies have investigated the mental health impact of both forms of victimization together. Unlike most research on Asian Indian women, which has used aggregated samples of women of various Asian Indian or South Asian descent, this study focused on a specific group of Asian Indians. Data were collected from a probability sample of Gujarati residents, aged 18-65 years, in a midwestern state of USA via computer-assisted telephone interviews. One third of married women reported having experienced IPV and two thirds received unfair treatment during the previous 6 months. Respondents overall reported a low level of depressive symptoms. Analyses using negative binomial regression models found that while both IPV and unfair treatment were positively associated with depressive symptoms, their interaction effect was not statistically significant. When IPV victimization and support from family were included in the model, the incidence rate ratio for unfair treatment became nonsignificant, but the significant effect of IPV remained. Findings suggest that practitioners not only in mental health and IPV programs but also in alternative settings frequented by Gujarati women should inquire about these types of interpersonal victimization and assist women in connecting with and cultivating supportive networks. More research on the mental health impact of IPV and other types of interpersonal victimization is needed for underresearched yet growing population groups to inform socioculturally responsive assistance programs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)和不公平待遇会对许多女性,尤其是有色人种女性的健康和幸福产生负面影响。很少有研究对这两种受害形式同时造成的心理健康影响进行调查。大多数关于亚裔印度妇女的研究使用的是各种亚裔印度或南亚后裔妇女的综合样本,与此不同,本研究侧重于特定的亚裔印度人群体。研究人员通过计算机辅助电话访问的方式,从美国中西部一个州 18-65 岁古吉拉特居民的概率样本中收集数据。三分之一的已婚妇女表示曾遭受过 IPV,三分之二的妇女表示在过去 6 个月中遭受过不公平待遇。总体而言,受访者的抑郁症状水平较低。使用负二项回归模型进行分析后发现,虽然 IPV 和不公平待遇与抑郁症状呈正相关,但它们之间的交互效应在统计上并不显著。当将 IPV 受害情况和家庭支持纳入模型时,不公平待遇的发生率比值变得不显著,但 IPV 的显著影响依然存在。研究结果表明,不仅心理健康和 IPV 项目的从业人员,而且古吉拉特妇女经常光顾的其他场所的从业人员都应询问这些类型的人际伤害情况,并帮助妇女与支持性网络建立联系和培养支持性网络。对于研究不足但却在不断增长的人群,需要对 IPV 和其他类型的人际伤害对心理健康的影响进行更多的研究,以便为社会文化应对援助计划提供信息。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
Instrumental safety net configurations and changes over time among economically marginalized families. 经济边缘化家庭的工具性安全网配置及其随时间的变化。
IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000728
Melissa Radey, Qiong Wu, Lenore McWey, Eugenia Millender

Poverty, a social determinant of health, disproportionately affects families with children. Public and private safety nets, or support networks available in times of need, can help address poverty and its consequences. Independently, strong safety nets (public or private) promote health and well-being, yet little is known about how private and public safety nets combine and evolve over time. Using latent class and latent transition analyses, this study examined public and private safety net configurations of mothers with low-income, sociodemographic characteristics associated with these configurations, and safety net changes over time. Using data from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study from child ages 1, 5, and 9 (N = 2,251), results indicated that mothers were sorted into four safety net configurations (public support only, private support only, all high, and all low) and 30%-53% of each class of mothers transitioned from one safety net configuration to another at the next neighboring wave, underscoring the importance of examining both public and private supports simultaneously and longitudinally. Membership in configurations with low private support (e.g., public only, all low) and sociodemographic disadvantage (e.g., more poverty, recent experience of hardship) predicted transitions, commonly leaving mothers without advantage in the riskiest safety nets. To promote a more responsive, equitable safety net, lengthening public safety net program certification periods and increasing outreach efforts (e.g., through schools, churches) to potentially eligible mothers could strengthen and stabilize safety nets to lessen poverty and its consequences for economically marginalized families. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

贫困是影响健康的一个社会决定因素,对有子女家庭的影响尤为严重。公共和私人安全网,或在需要时提供的支持网络,可以帮助解决贫困及其后果。强大的安全网(公共或私人)可单独促进健康和幸福,但人们对私人和公共安全网如何结合并随时间演变知之甚少。本研究利用潜类和潜转分析,考察了低收入母亲的公共和私人安全网配置、与这些配置相关的社会人口特征以及安全网随时间的变化。通过使用 "家庭未来与儿童福祉研究 "中 1、5 和 9 岁儿童的数据(样本数 = 2,251 人),研究结果表明,母亲被分为四种安全网配置(仅公共支持、仅私人支持、所有高安全网配置和所有低安全网配置),每类母亲中有 30%-53% 在下一次邻近波次中从一种安全网配置过渡到另一种安全网配置,这强调了同时纵向研究公共和私人支持的重要性。低私人支持(如只有公共支持,所有支持都很低)和社会人口劣势(如更贫困,最近经历过困难)都预示着过渡,通常会使母亲在风险最大的安全网中失去优势。为了促进建立一个反应更迅速、更公平的安全网,延长公共安全网计划的认证期,加大对可能符合条件的母亲的宣传力度(如通过学校、教会),可以加强和稳定安全网,减少贫困及其对经济边缘化家庭的影响。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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引用次数: 0
Black boys unchained: Removing the constraints of racial disparities in discipline at school. 解开黑人男孩的枷锁:消除学校纪律方面种族差异的限制。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000741
Oscar A Barbarin

The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry has contributed significantly to scholarly discourse on race and racism especially in its coverage of issues related to the development and well-being of Black boys (BB) and men. Although disparate rates of exclusionary discipline for BB have been widely recognized as a problem, efforts to reduce them have failed. Because exclusion has negative consequences and is ineffective in changing behavior, it should be used rarely or not at all. This article advocates strict limits or outright bans on exclusion up to Grade 6. For BB, the time between pre-K and middle school is a developmentally critical period in which, for a variety of reasons, misconduct is high compared to other groups of children. Instituting bans will require a fundamental change in how school discipline is conceived. Schools will need to reimagine BB and strengthen their social competencies and emotional resilience. This will require a shift in emphasis from punishment to empathy for BB who misbehave. Implementing policies to prohibit exclusion will be difficult in light of opposition from school staff who are reluctant to surrender this tool and disagreements over the role of schools and the responsibility of families for boy's misbehavior. Recommendations for alternative programs and expansion of mental health services have been made in guidance from the federal government and adopted into law by several states. To reduce disparities, schools must establish a culture of caring and support, enact well-reasoned and collaborative regimes of control, and provide BB with interpretive frameworks that convey a sense of purpose and meaning. Together these approaches can free BB from the constraints of harsh and unfair discipline and help them to become the best versions of themselves. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

美国精神病学杂志》(American Journal of Orthopsychiatry)对有关种族和种族主义的学术讨论做出了重大贡献,特别是在报道与黑人男孩(BB)和男人的发展和福祉有关的问题方面。尽管人们普遍认为对黑人男孩的排斥性管教比例悬殊是一个问题,但减少这种现象的努力却以失败告终。由于排斥性管教会产生负面影响,而且在改变行为方面效果不佳,因此应尽量少用或不用。本文主张严格限制或完全禁止对六年级以下的学生实施排斥。对于 BB 来说,从学前班到初中这段时间是其发展的关键时期,由于各种原因,与其他儿童群体相比,这段时间的不当行为较多。实施禁令需要从根本上改变对学校纪律的认识。学校需要重新认识 BB,加强他们的社交能力和情绪恢复能力。这就需要将重点从惩罚转向对行为不端的 BB 的同情。由于学校教职员工不愿意放弃这一工具,并对学校的作用和家庭对男孩不良行为的责任存在分歧,因此实施禁止排斥的政策将十分困难。联邦政府在指导意见中提出了替代方案和扩大心理健康服务的建议,并被一些州采纳为法律。为了缩小差距,学校必须建立一种关爱和支持的文化,制定有理有据、相互协作的管控制度,并为BB提供能传达目的和意义的解释框架。这些方法结合在一起,可以使 BB 摆脱严厉和不公平管教的束缚,帮助他们成为最好的自己。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved)。
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引用次数: 0
Looking back, moving forward: An introduction to the special issue honoring the 100th anniversary of the global alliance for behavioral health and social justice. 回顾过去,展望未来:全球行为健康与社会正义联盟成立 100 周年纪念特刊导言。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000786
Jill D McLeigh, Gita Jaffe, Deborah Klein Walker, Donald Wertlieb, Will Spaulding, William Beardslee

Since its founding, American Orthopsychiatric Association (AOA) has been at the forefront of working at the intersection of mental health and social justice. In Mental Health and Social Change: 50 Years of Orthopsychiatry (Shore & Mannino, 1975), former organization president and journal editor Milton Shore and Fortune Mannino wrote that the association had consistently held a philosophy that included (a) a commitment to an interdisciplinary approach in the study of mental health problems and the development of mental health programs; (b) an emphasis on prevention as well as treatment; (c) the integration of the clinical and the social; (d) a major focus on the social scene and its interweaving with mental health problems in individuals within society; and (e) an avoidance of dilettantism, superficiality, and well-meaning generalizations through a commitment to high-quality research, thoughtful analysis of mental health issues, and high professional standards of practice in all areas of mental health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

自成立以来,美国矫形外科协会(AOA)一直站在精神健康与社会正义交叉领域的前沿。在《心理健康与社会变革》(Mental Health and Social Change:50 Years of Orthopsychiatry》(Shore & Mannino,1975 年)一书中,该组织前主席兼期刊编辑 Milton Shore 和 Fortune Mannino 写道,该协会一贯坚持的理念包括:(a) 致力于采用跨学科方法研究心理健康问题和制定心理健康计划;(b) 强调预防和治疗;(c) 临床与社会相结合;(d) 主要关注社会环境及其与社会中个人心理健康问题的交织;(e) 致力于高质量的研究,对心理健康问题进行深思熟虑的分析,以及在心理健康的各个领域实行高标准的专业实践,从而避免二流主义、肤浅和善意的概括。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
Barriers to health care and pregnancy experiences in relation to Black, low-income mothers' perinatal attachment and depression. 与黑人低收入母亲围产期依恋和抑郁有关的医疗保健障碍和怀孕经历。
IF 2.3 3区 医学 Q1 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000721
Justin K Scott, Maria Gianelle, Vivian Flanagan, Brenda Jones Harden, Colleen Morrison

The goal of this study was to examine whether barriers to accessing health care and negative pregnancy experiences would predict depressive symptomatology and attachment to their neonates among Black mothers from low-income backgrounds across the perinatal period. We were also interested in examining whether these mothers' engagement in prenatal health practices would buffer against their pregnancy experiences to promote positive postnatal maternal functioning. Participants were 118 Black pregnant women from low-income backgrounds, recruited from WIC and Early Head Start programs. A prenatal assessment between 28 and 40 weeks gestation measured pregnancy experiences and prenatal health practices, and a postnatal assessment about 4 weeks postpartum measured maternal functioning in the form of depressive symptoms and attachment to their neonates. Linear regressions with prenatal health practices included as a moderator suggested that while engaging in positive health practices during pregnancy could potentially buffer against negative pregnancy experiences and prenatal depressive symptoms, it is unlikely to buffer against barriers to accessing health care. These results imply the need to provide support for accessing health care among pregnant women to address disparities in the United States. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

本研究的目的是探讨在整个围产期,获得医疗保健服务的障碍和负面的怀孕经历是否会预测低收入背景的黑人母亲的抑郁症状和对新生儿的依恋。我们还想研究这些母亲参与产前保健实践是否会对她们的孕期经历起到缓冲作用,从而促进产后母亲的积极功能。我们从 WIC 和早期启蒙计划中招募了 118 名来自低收入家庭的黑人孕妇。在妊娠 28 至 40 周期间进行的产前评估测量了孕期经历和产前保健措施,而在产后 4 周左右进行的产后评估则测量了抑郁症状和对新生儿的依恋等方面的产妇功能。以产前保健措施为调节因素的线性回归结果表明,虽然在怀孕期间采取积极的保健措施有可能减轻负面的怀孕经历和产前抑郁症状,但不可能减轻获得医疗保健服务的障碍。这些结果表明,有必要为孕妇获得医疗保健提供支持,以解决美国的不平等问题。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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American Journal of Orthopsychiatry
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