Abstract Thermography is a noninvasive diagnostic imaging technique that detects regions of the body surface with increased (or decreased) temperature by measuring infrared radiation. It reveals physiological and pathophysiological changes primarily related to blood flow and metabolic rate in the examined body regions, as well as altered heat production. These include physical stress, various physical injuries, medical conditions, and environmental factors. In equine medicine, thermography can be used for early detection of tissue temperature changes, allowing intervention at an early stage of a medical deterioration. Thermographic examination can be used to detect tissue abnormalities in all regions of the body. It is particularly useful for the detection of musculoskeletal disorders. Inflammatory processes are present in many diseases and injuries, which can be successfully detected with thermography. Thermography makes it possible to monitor the success of treatment. Often, thermographically visible disease changes are detected before clinical signs or other imaging techniques become visible in the animal. In physical therapy, it helps locate regions of the body in need of treatment and plays an important role in detecting illegal procedures (such as local analgesics) to improve competitive performance in horses. Thermography serves as a complementary diagnostic tool. However, in practice, it has some limitations. The method is not specific and cannot determine the etiology of pathological changes. Therefore, it is usually used together with other diagnostic methods (such as X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) and can not replace them.
{"title":"Thermographic Examination of the Horse","authors":"Peter Kruljc","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Thermography is a noninvasive diagnostic imaging technique that detects regions of the body surface with increased (or decreased) temperature by measuring infrared radiation. It reveals physiological and pathophysiological changes primarily related to blood flow and metabolic rate in the examined body regions, as well as altered heat production. These include physical stress, various physical injuries, medical conditions, and environmental factors. In equine medicine, thermography can be used for early detection of tissue temperature changes, allowing intervention at an early stage of a medical deterioration. Thermographic examination can be used to detect tissue abnormalities in all regions of the body. It is particularly useful for the detection of musculoskeletal disorders. Inflammatory processes are present in many diseases and injuries, which can be successfully detected with thermography. Thermography makes it possible to monitor the success of treatment. Often, thermographically visible disease changes are detected before clinical signs or other imaging techniques become visible in the animal. In physical therapy, it helps locate regions of the body in need of treatment and plays an important role in detecting illegal procedures (such as local analgesics) to improve competitive performance in horses. Thermography serves as a complementary diagnostic tool. However, in practice, it has some limitations. The method is not specific and cannot determine the etiology of pathological changes. Therefore, it is usually used together with other diagnostic methods (such as X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) and can not replace them.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleksandar Janevski, Boris Dimitrievski, Emilija Murdzeva, Dimitar Bozhinovski, Biljana Nikolova, D. Mitrov
Abstract Hypertrophic osteopathy (HO) is a pathological condition characterized by progressive, bilateral and symmetrical periosteal bone hyperostosis. Hypertrophic osteopathy is considered a secondary disease that occurs as a consequence of many chronic processes, which are primarily localized in the thoracic cavity (intrathoracic lesions), and less as a result of changes in the abdominal cavity (extrathoracic lesions). We describe a case of a 3.5-year-old female unneutered short-haired cat with a history of chronic weight loss, decreased appetite, dyspnea, and wet cough. During the native X-ray examination of the thoracic cavity, a clearly limited homogeneous radiopaque shadow which covered the entire thoracic cavity was found, as well as periostitis of the front limbs, mainly on the humeri, radii and ulnae. After euthanizing the cat, a control X-ray examination and necropsy of the body was performed. The necropsy revealed a soft-tissue proliferation measuring 13 x 5 x 4 cm and weighing 228 g, and a pronounced ossified periostosis of the long bones, while the histopathological findings revealed adenocarcinoma of the lung with metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes. The outcome of hypertrophic osteopathy mostly depends on the primary cause. If the initial lesion had been identified and removed on time, the condition would have also receded spontaneously. The primary tool in determining hypertrophic osteopathy is X-ray diagnosis. Considering the determination of this condition is an indicator of ongoing severe disease, especially in the thoracic cavity, its early diagnosis would lead to prolongation of the animal's life.
肥厚性骨病(HO)是一种以进行性、双侧和对称性骨膜骨增生为特征的病理状态。肥厚性骨病被认为是许多慢性过程的继发性疾病，这些慢性过程主要局限于胸腔(胸腔内病变)，较少是腹腔变化(胸腔外病变)的结果。我们描述了一只3.5岁的雌性未绝育短毛猫，有慢性体重减轻、食欲下降、呼吸困难和湿咳嗽的病史。胸腔x线平片可见覆盖整个胸腔的明显局限性均匀不透影，前肢骨膜炎以肱骨、桡骨、尺骨为主。在对猫实施安乐死后，进行了对照x光检查和尸体尸检。尸检显示软组织增生，尺寸为13 x 5 x 4 cm，重228 g，长骨骨化骨膜病明显，而组织病理学结果显示肺腺癌并转移到纵隔淋巴结。肥厚性骨病的预后主要取决于主要病因。如果最初的病变被发现并及时切除，这种情况也会自发消退。确定肥厚性骨病的主要工具是x线诊断。考虑到这种情况的确定是正在进行的严重疾病的指标，特别是在胸腔中，其早期诊断将导致延长动物的生命。
{"title":"Hypertrophic Osteopathy Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma in a Cat: An Overview","authors":"Aleksandar Janevski, Boris Dimitrievski, Emilija Murdzeva, Dimitar Bozhinovski, Biljana Nikolova, D. Mitrov","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hypertrophic osteopathy (HO) is a pathological condition characterized by progressive, bilateral and symmetrical periosteal bone hyperostosis. Hypertrophic osteopathy is considered a secondary disease that occurs as a consequence of many chronic processes, which are primarily localized in the thoracic cavity (intrathoracic lesions), and less as a result of changes in the abdominal cavity (extrathoracic lesions). We describe a case of a 3.5-year-old female unneutered short-haired cat with a history of chronic weight loss, decreased appetite, dyspnea, and wet cough. During the native X-ray examination of the thoracic cavity, a clearly limited homogeneous radiopaque shadow which covered the entire thoracic cavity was found, as well as periostitis of the front limbs, mainly on the humeri, radii and ulnae. After euthanizing the cat, a control X-ray examination and necropsy of the body was performed. The necropsy revealed a soft-tissue proliferation measuring 13 x 5 x 4 cm and weighing 228 g, and a pronounced ossified periostosis of the long bones, while the histopathological findings revealed adenocarcinoma of the lung with metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes. The outcome of hypertrophic osteopathy mostly depends on the primary cause. If the initial lesion had been identified and removed on time, the condition would have also receded spontaneously. The primary tool in determining hypertrophic osteopathy is X-ray diagnosis. Considering the determination of this condition is an indicator of ongoing severe disease, especially in the thoracic cavity, its early diagnosis would lead to prolongation of the animal's life.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48789188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Pérez, J. Lima-Barbero, P. Pinczowski, R. Serra, J. Asín, J. Molín, L. Luján, Marta Pérez
Abstract A 1.5-year-old male Iberian lynx born in captivity presented with a 2.2 cm exophytic nodular alopecic mass at the left tarsus medial aspect, before being released into the wild. The lesion had keratinised material protruding through a 1.2 cm pore, forming a cutaneous horn. Histopathology revealed a cystic dermo-epidermal lesion lined by psoriasiform hyperplasia of the epithelium, thicker at the base of the cyst, together with abrupt to progressive keratinization and keratin pearls. The central cystic cavity was filled with fibrillary keratin and ghost cells. Immunohistochemistry for pan-cytokeratin showed strong positive immunolabeling in the hyperplastic epithelium and a weaker immunolabeling at the content of the cyst. A final diagnosis of a Dilated Pore of Winer was made. This paper is the first reported case of a DPW in a lynx and a wild felid.
{"title":"A Dilated Pore of Winer in a Young Iberian Lynx (Lynx pardinus)","authors":"E. Pérez, J. Lima-Barbero, P. Pinczowski, R. Serra, J. Asín, J. Molín, L. Luján, Marta Pérez","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A 1.5-year-old male Iberian lynx born in captivity presented with a 2.2 cm exophytic nodular alopecic mass at the left tarsus medial aspect, before being released into the wild. The lesion had keratinised material protruding through a 1.2 cm pore, forming a cutaneous horn. Histopathology revealed a cystic dermo-epidermal lesion lined by psoriasiform hyperplasia of the epithelium, thicker at the base of the cyst, together with abrupt to progressive keratinization and keratin pearls. The central cystic cavity was filled with fibrillary keratin and ghost cells. Immunohistochemistry for pan-cytokeratin showed strong positive immunolabeling in the hyperplastic epithelium and a weaker immunolabeling at the content of the cyst. A final diagnosis of a Dilated Pore of Winer was made. This paper is the first reported case of a DPW in a lynx and a wild felid.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43049379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elena Atanaskova Petrov, Miroslav Kjosevski, I. Celeska
Abstract Lymphoma is the most common hematopoietic tumor in dogs. The standard diagnostic approach and staging includes detailed clinical history, physical examination and extended laboratory workup including lymph node cytology. Multidrug chemotherapy is the main treatment of the disease. Often, owners are concerned about the side effects of the treatment and the quality of life of their dog during chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to analyze the health related wellbeing of the patients with lymphoma previous, during and at the end of the chemotherapy. Five patients with multicentric lymphoma were monitored in three phases (beginning, middle and end of chemotherapy). The monitoring included clinical examination, laboratory analyses and a questionnaire for the owner. Results revealed significant improvement (p< 0.1) of the basic red blood cells parameters (RBC, PCV and Hb), platelets (PLT) as well as liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and protein status (total protein and globulin). Regarding the life quality assessed by the owners, dogs' appetite, general health compared to each visit and the current quality of life were significantly improved (p<0.1) and all of the owners were satisfied with the decision for chemotherapy.
{"title":"Evaluation of Health Related Quality of Life in Dogs Treated with Chemotherapy for Lymphoma","authors":"Elena Atanaskova Petrov, Miroslav Kjosevski, I. Celeska","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lymphoma is the most common hematopoietic tumor in dogs. The standard diagnostic approach and staging includes detailed clinical history, physical examination and extended laboratory workup including lymph node cytology. Multidrug chemotherapy is the main treatment of the disease. Often, owners are concerned about the side effects of the treatment and the quality of life of their dog during chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to analyze the health related wellbeing of the patients with lymphoma previous, during and at the end of the chemotherapy. Five patients with multicentric lymphoma were monitored in three phases (beginning, middle and end of chemotherapy). The monitoring included clinical examination, laboratory analyses and a questionnaire for the owner. Results revealed significant improvement (p< 0.1) of the basic red blood cells parameters (RBC, PCV and Hb), platelets (PLT) as well as liver enzymes (ALT, AST) and protein status (total protein and globulin). Regarding the life quality assessed by the owners, dogs' appetite, general health compared to each visit and the current quality of life were significantly improved (p<0.1) and all of the owners were satisfied with the decision for chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44498276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tijana1 Lužajić Božinovski, Jelena Danilović Luković, A. Nikolić, A. Radovanovic, Danica Marković, M. Kovačević Filipović, M. Vasić, I. Milosevic
Abstract Epidermis stem cells have a crucial role through the processes of proliferation and differentiation, to replace cells that are constantly lost during tissue turnover or following injury. On the other hand, thyroid hormones regulate the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal cells and thus significantly influence the homeostasis of the skin. It is well known that maternal hypothyroidism during pregnancy leads to impaired development of many organ systems in their offspring. However, there is a lack of data about the influence of maternal subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy and lactation on the development of the skin and its derivatives in the litter. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal thyroid dysfunction on the development of the skin and its derivatives in their offspring in the early postnatal period. Antithyroid substance 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil was added into the drinking water to female Albino Oxfords rats from the beginning of pregnancy and during lactation, with the aim to induce subclinical and overt form of hypothyroidism. Skin samples were taken from male pups within twenty-four hours and seven days after birth. The main findings of this investigation were that both forms of maternal hypothyroidism lead to serious damage of the epidermis in pups in terms of pronounced hyperkeratosis and reduction of the germinal layer along with a reduced number of hair follicles and their delayed morphogenesis. Epidermal impairments were more pronounced in pups with the overt form of hypothyroidism while offspring with the subclinical form had impairments that were less pronounced and delayed in occurrence.
{"title":"Maternal Subclinical and Clinical Hypothyroidism Effects on Rat Offspring: A Story of the Skin and its Derivatives","authors":"Tijana1 Lužajić Božinovski, Jelena Danilović Luković, A. Nikolić, A. Radovanovic, Danica Marković, M. Kovačević Filipović, M. Vasić, I. Milosevic","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Epidermis stem cells have a crucial role through the processes of proliferation and differentiation, to replace cells that are constantly lost during tissue turnover or following injury. On the other hand, thyroid hormones regulate the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal cells and thus significantly influence the homeostasis of the skin. It is well known that maternal hypothyroidism during pregnancy leads to impaired development of many organ systems in their offspring. However, there is a lack of data about the influence of maternal subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy and lactation on the development of the skin and its derivatives in the litter. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal thyroid dysfunction on the development of the skin and its derivatives in their offspring in the early postnatal period. Antithyroid substance 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil was added into the drinking water to female Albino Oxfords rats from the beginning of pregnancy and during lactation, with the aim to induce subclinical and overt form of hypothyroidism. Skin samples were taken from male pups within twenty-four hours and seven days after birth. The main findings of this investigation were that both forms of maternal hypothyroidism lead to serious damage of the epidermis in pups in terms of pronounced hyperkeratosis and reduction of the germinal layer along with a reduced number of hair follicles and their delayed morphogenesis. Epidermal impairments were more pronounced in pups with the overt form of hypothyroidism while offspring with the subclinical form had impairments that were less pronounced and delayed in occurrence.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42798007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Vitorović, Ivana Božičković, M. Lukić, R. Relic, Z. Škrbić, V. Petričević, M. Lazarević Macanović, N. Krstić
Abstract The first few weeks after broilers hatch are the period of most intense bone growth and development, and the time when they are most susceptible to the influence of various external and internal factors. Research in the recent decades has focused on the involvement of melatonin in bone development during early life in chickens. Melatonin release from the pineal gland has a circadian rhythm, with the highest levels circulating during the night and decreasing during the light phase of the day. Various types of lighting are used in intensive broiler production. In this study, the effects of melatonin on the tibial structure and growth of broilers were investigated. During the first two weeks of life, two groups of chickens were kept under continuous light and fed the same diet, with the experimental group receiving melatonin in the amount of 0.03 g/kg of feed. The results obtained showed that the addition of melatonin in the diet had positive effects on the development and growth of the tibia, which was expressed in a significantly greater thickness of the diaphysis and cortical bone of the diaphysis, higher breaking force and higher values of alkaline phosphatase activity. The cortical bone mineral density of the tibia did not differ significantly between the groups of chicken.
{"title":"Tibia Growth and Development in Broiler Chicks Reared under Continuous Light and Melatonin Dietary Supplementation During the First Two Weeks of Life","authors":"D. Vitorović, Ivana Božičković, M. Lukić, R. Relic, Z. Škrbić, V. Petričević, M. Lazarević Macanović, N. Krstić","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The first few weeks after broilers hatch are the period of most intense bone growth and development, and the time when they are most susceptible to the influence of various external and internal factors. Research in the recent decades has focused on the involvement of melatonin in bone development during early life in chickens. Melatonin release from the pineal gland has a circadian rhythm, with the highest levels circulating during the night and decreasing during the light phase of the day. Various types of lighting are used in intensive broiler production. In this study, the effects of melatonin on the tibial structure and growth of broilers were investigated. During the first two weeks of life, two groups of chickens were kept under continuous light and fed the same diet, with the experimental group receiving melatonin in the amount of 0.03 g/kg of feed. The results obtained showed that the addition of melatonin in the diet had positive effects on the development and growth of the tibia, which was expressed in a significantly greater thickness of the diaphysis and cortical bone of the diaphysis, higher breaking force and higher values of alkaline phosphatase activity. The cortical bone mineral density of the tibia did not differ significantly between the groups of chicken.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44191831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Javier Rubén Miranda-Valdés, Yagul Pedraza-Pérez, L. E. García-Díaz, R. CARREÑO-LÓPEZ, L. E. Fuentes-Ramírez, R. Rocha-Gracia, Lucero Montserrat Cuautle-García, V. Marín-Cevada
Abstract Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are a significant contributor to the global antibiotic resistance crisis, which is predicted to kill more people than cancer by 2050. Livestock production is a contributing factor as it has been one of the fastest-growing industries in the previous century but has the most harmful effects on the environment and human health. The pig is the most widely raised and consumed food-producing animal globally, with an upward trend. The derived residues and the meat products constitute an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) that can be transmitted to humans through consumption, direct contact, the environment, or poor handling, leading to relevant zoonotic diseases, especially enteric ones. It is essential to know the diversity, abundance, and distribution of ARGs to have better control and monitoring of their dispersion. In the present study, the ARGs and Mobile Genetic Elements (MGEs) of five enteric and pathogenic species commonly present in the microbiota of both pigs and humans were examined by bioinformatic analysis. This analysis showed that 157 ARGs were distributed across 1869 genomes of five bacterial species, ranked from highest to lowest diversity of ARGs: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Salmonella enterica, and Enterococcus faecalis. This study contributes to better management of antibiotics, which directly impact the health of both humans and animals.
{"title":"Resistance to Antibiotics by Enteric Bacteria Associated with the Swine Industry: in silico Exploration of the Distribution of Resistance Genes","authors":"Javier Rubén Miranda-Valdés, Yagul Pedraza-Pérez, L. E. García-Díaz, R. CARREÑO-LÓPEZ, L. E. Fuentes-Ramírez, R. Rocha-Gracia, Lucero Montserrat Cuautle-García, V. Marín-Cevada","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are a significant contributor to the global antibiotic resistance crisis, which is predicted to kill more people than cancer by 2050. Livestock production is a contributing factor as it has been one of the fastest-growing industries in the previous century but has the most harmful effects on the environment and human health. The pig is the most widely raised and consumed food-producing animal globally, with an upward trend. The derived residues and the meat products constitute an important reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) that can be transmitted to humans through consumption, direct contact, the environment, or poor handling, leading to relevant zoonotic diseases, especially enteric ones. It is essential to know the diversity, abundance, and distribution of ARGs to have better control and monitoring of their dispersion. In the present study, the ARGs and Mobile Genetic Elements (MGEs) of five enteric and pathogenic species commonly present in the microbiota of both pigs and humans were examined by bioinformatic analysis. This analysis showed that 157 ARGs were distributed across 1869 genomes of five bacterial species, ranked from highest to lowest diversity of ARGs: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Salmonella enterica, and Enterococcus faecalis. This study contributes to better management of antibiotics, which directly impact the health of both humans and animals.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42712387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Aksentijevic, A. Radalj, M. Markovic, M. Lazarević, D. Palić
Abstract Stress inevitably occurs during any fish handling and manipulation in culturing, research, or clinical examination situations that require capture and removal of fish from water. Different stress factors can affect the changes in the relative numbers and function of cells of the fish immune system. Catching, transportation and over-crowding caused stress-induced changes in the total number of leukocytes and thrombocytes, as well as changes in the leukocyte formula in Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio, Bloch, 1782) presented here. Cytochemical characterization of leukocyte cell types was performed by applying Myeloperoxidase (MPO), Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) and Sudan Black B (SBB) staining of Prussian carp blood smears. Cytochemical characterization is a rapid and efficient method for white leukocyte differentiation and insight in their functional status. Comparison and analysis in Prussian carp hematological parameters from fish with and without exposure to stressful conditions such as capture, manipulation, transport and holding, revealed significant differences between stressed and non-stressed fish. Significant reduction in the total number of thrombocytes and lymphocytes and the increase in total neutrophil count were observed in stressed animals. However, differences in total leukocyte number and the number of monocytes were not observed. Deviations from the estimated reference intervals for Prussian carp hematological parameters clearly indicated the presence/absence of a stress reaction and to some extent its intensity. Estimated reference intervals and characterization of morphological and cytochemical appearance of blood cells form a solid basis for further research of the cellular immune function and hematology changes in Prussian carp.
{"title":"Effects of Transport and Holding Stress on Prussian Carp (Carassius gibelio, Bloch, 1782.) Leukogram Pattern","authors":"K. Aksentijevic, A. Radalj, M. Markovic, M. Lazarević, D. Palić","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Stress inevitably occurs during any fish handling and manipulation in culturing, research, or clinical examination situations that require capture and removal of fish from water. Different stress factors can affect the changes in the relative numbers and function of cells of the fish immune system. Catching, transportation and over-crowding caused stress-induced changes in the total number of leukocytes and thrombocytes, as well as changes in the leukocyte formula in Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio, Bloch, 1782) presented here. Cytochemical characterization of leukocyte cell types was performed by applying Myeloperoxidase (MPO), Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) and Sudan Black B (SBB) staining of Prussian carp blood smears. Cytochemical characterization is a rapid and efficient method for white leukocyte differentiation and insight in their functional status. Comparison and analysis in Prussian carp hematological parameters from fish with and without exposure to stressful conditions such as capture, manipulation, transport and holding, revealed significant differences between stressed and non-stressed fish. Significant reduction in the total number of thrombocytes and lymphocytes and the increase in total neutrophil count were observed in stressed animals. However, differences in total leukocyte number and the number of monocytes were not observed. Deviations from the estimated reference intervals for Prussian carp hematological parameters clearly indicated the presence/absence of a stress reaction and to some extent its intensity. Estimated reference intervals and characterization of morphological and cytochemical appearance of blood cells form a solid basis for further research of the cellular immune function and hematology changes in Prussian carp.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48778000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Gardašević, Milos Z Zivic, D. Djurdjević, Aleksandra Petković-Ćurčin
Abstract The facial nerve is the main motor nerve that activates the mimic musculature of the face. Nerve tree injuries lead to paralysis of the same half of the face. In addition to functional damage in the form of difficulty in chewing, speaking and closing the eyes, paresis is the cause of pronounced emotional and social problems in patients. The etiology of facial nerve damage is diverse, including trauma, neurological, infectious, metabolic, vascular, neoplastic processes, as well as idiopathic and iatrogenic. Of special importance to us are iatrogenic injuries of the transcranial part of the facial nerve, which most often occur as part of surgical interventions in the area of the parotid lodge, where the nerve itself branches into its final branches that innervate facial muscles. A high degree of iatrogenic damage over 40% requires the timely application of adequate techniques and materials for the purpose of neuroregeneration. Considering the delicacy of the function of the facial nerve and the consequences of its damage, previous methods described in some studies, used in the regeneration process are based on the summarized results of experimental studies on different animal models. A prerequisite for the success of an experimental study is certainly the anatomical compatibility of experimental animals and humans. Based on the analyzed research, in the last decade rats were used the most, which can be linked to acceptable maintenance costs. Nevertheless, rabbits represent an ideal experimental model due to their anatomical and functional similarities with humans, in which it is possible to successfully simulate paralysis of the facial nerve and monitor the recovery of mimic musculature using the method of movement visualization and electromyography.
{"title":"Application of Different Techniques in Facial Nerve Reconstruction on Experimental Models","authors":"M. Gardašević, Milos Z Zivic, D. Djurdjević, Aleksandra Petković-Ćurčin","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The facial nerve is the main motor nerve that activates the mimic musculature of the face. Nerve tree injuries lead to paralysis of the same half of the face. In addition to functional damage in the form of difficulty in chewing, speaking and closing the eyes, paresis is the cause of pronounced emotional and social problems in patients. The etiology of facial nerve damage is diverse, including trauma, neurological, infectious, metabolic, vascular, neoplastic processes, as well as idiopathic and iatrogenic. Of special importance to us are iatrogenic injuries of the transcranial part of the facial nerve, which most often occur as part of surgical interventions in the area of the parotid lodge, where the nerve itself branches into its final branches that innervate facial muscles. A high degree of iatrogenic damage over 40% requires the timely application of adequate techniques and materials for the purpose of neuroregeneration. Considering the delicacy of the function of the facial nerve and the consequences of its damage, previous methods described in some studies, used in the regeneration process are based on the summarized results of experimental studies on different animal models. A prerequisite for the success of an experimental study is certainly the anatomical compatibility of experimental animals and humans. Based on the analyzed research, in the last decade rats were used the most, which can be linked to acceptable maintenance costs. Nevertheless, rabbits represent an ideal experimental model due to their anatomical and functional similarities with humans, in which it is possible to successfully simulate paralysis of the facial nerve and monitor the recovery of mimic musculature using the method of movement visualization and electromyography.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45531749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. S. Galecio, Elena Badillo, E. Escudero, J. Corrales, María Teresa Yuste, P. Marín
Abstract Ovine respiratory complex is a significant cause of death in sheep flocks, where Pasteurella multocida is the most frequent microorganisms isolated from animals with pneumonia. There is an urgent need to refine the use of different antimicrobials to avoid the problem of antimicrobial resistance and optimize the control of this disease in ovine livestock. The first step in approaching this problem is gaining an insight into the antimicrobial susceptibility of ovine pathogens. This study evaluated the in vitro activity of tildipirosin, gamithromycin, oxytetracycline, and danofloxacin against Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from sheep with fibrinous pneumonia. The strains were incubated following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standard conditions and also with a modified method by 25% supplementation with sheep serum. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined using the broth microdilution technique. The lowest MIC90 under standard conditions and by supplementation with sheep serum was obtained with tildipirosin. Sheep serum significantly reduced tildipirosin, gamithromycin, and danofloxacin MIC values for Pasteurella multocida strains. In brief, the potency of tildipirosine, gamithromycin, and danofloxacin against Pasteurella multocida increases when sheep serum is added to the culture media.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Sheep with Fibrinous Pneumonia","authors":"J. S. Galecio, Elena Badillo, E. Escudero, J. Corrales, María Teresa Yuste, P. Marín","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ovine respiratory complex is a significant cause of death in sheep flocks, where Pasteurella multocida is the most frequent microorganisms isolated from animals with pneumonia. There is an urgent need to refine the use of different antimicrobials to avoid the problem of antimicrobial resistance and optimize the control of this disease in ovine livestock. The first step in approaching this problem is gaining an insight into the antimicrobial susceptibility of ovine pathogens. This study evaluated the in vitro activity of tildipirosin, gamithromycin, oxytetracycline, and danofloxacin against Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from sheep with fibrinous pneumonia. The strains were incubated following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standard conditions and also with a modified method by 25% supplementation with sheep serum. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined using the broth microdilution technique. The lowest MIC90 under standard conditions and by supplementation with sheep serum was obtained with tildipirosin. Sheep serum significantly reduced tildipirosin, gamithromycin, and danofloxacin MIC values for Pasteurella multocida strains. In brief, the potency of tildipirosine, gamithromycin, and danofloxacin against Pasteurella multocida increases when sheep serum is added to the culture media.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44172732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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