Abstract Bee venom (BV) is a rich source of secondary metabolites from honeybees ( Apis mellifera L.). It contains a variety of bioactive ingredients including peptides, proteins, enzymes, and volatile metabolites. This study investigated the antibacterial effects of the bee venom obtained from honey bees ( Apis mellifera L.) against bacterial fish pathogens, such as Lactococcus garvieae (Lg1, Lg2, Lg3), Vibrio anguillarum (Va1, Va2, Va3), Yersinia ruckeri (Yr1, Yr2, Yr3), and Aeromonas hydrophila ( Ah1, Ah2, Ah3) and the expression levels on the antibiotic resistance genes hly and fbp (hemolysin and fibronectin-binding prot) of them. It was determined that bee venom had an antibacterial effect against L. garvieae, L. anguillarum , and Y. ruckeri strains, while it had no effect only against Ah3 and Ah2 bacterial strains. As staded by the gene expression of hly (hemolysin) and fbp ( fibronectin-binding protein ), among the antibiotic resistance genes the effect levels of bee venom on bacterial species varied, although it affected antibiotic resistance and gene expression level in all bacteria. It was revealed that the expression level was the highest for V. anguillarum strains, whereas it was below the control group for L. garvieae . i.e the effect of bee venom on the resistance mechanism for L. garvieae was much less compared to V. anguillarum . Based on the results in the current study it could be concluded that applying bee venom to pathogenic bacteria that cause mortality in the aquaculture sector could induce the defense-related gene and change the broad-spectrum biocontrol activity at the molecular level.
{"title":"Determination of the antibacterial effect of bee venom against rainbow trout pathogens and antibiotic resistance gene expression","authors":"Dilek Kabakci, Çiğdem Ürkü, Şükrü Önalan","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Bee venom (BV) is a rich source of secondary metabolites from honeybees ( Apis mellifera L.). It contains a variety of bioactive ingredients including peptides, proteins, enzymes, and volatile metabolites. This study investigated the antibacterial effects of the bee venom obtained from honey bees ( Apis mellifera L.) against bacterial fish pathogens, such as Lactococcus garvieae (Lg1, Lg2, Lg3), Vibrio anguillarum (Va1, Va2, Va3), Yersinia ruckeri (Yr1, Yr2, Yr3), and Aeromonas hydrophila ( Ah1, Ah2, Ah3) and the expression levels on the antibiotic resistance genes hly and fbp (hemolysin and fibronectin-binding prot) of them. It was determined that bee venom had an antibacterial effect against L. garvieae, L. anguillarum , and Y. ruckeri strains, while it had no effect only against Ah3 and Ah2 bacterial strains. As staded by the gene expression of hly (hemolysin) and fbp ( fibronectin-binding protein ), among the antibiotic resistance genes the effect levels of bee venom on bacterial species varied, although it affected antibiotic resistance and gene expression level in all bacteria. It was revealed that the expression level was the highest for V. anguillarum strains, whereas it was below the control group for L. garvieae . i.e the effect of bee venom on the resistance mechanism for L. garvieae was much less compared to V. anguillarum . Based on the results in the current study it could be concluded that applying bee venom to pathogenic bacteria that cause mortality in the aquaculture sector could induce the defense-related gene and change the broad-spectrum biocontrol activity at the molecular level.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Temitope Emmanuel Arotolu, Haoning Wang, Jianing Lv, Kun Shi, Liya Huang, Xiaolong Wang
Abstract Bruce llosis is a bacterial disease caused by various Brucella species, which infect primarily cattle, swine, goats, sheep, and dogs. The disease is typically transmitted to humans through direct contact with diseased animals, consumption of contaminated animal products, or inhalation of airborne pollutants. The majority of cases are caused by consuming unpasteurized goat or sheep milk or cheese. Based on observed Brucellosis occurrence data and ecogeographic variables, a MaxEnt algorithm was used to model the current and future distribution of Brucellosis in Qinghai Lake basin, P.R. China. Our model showed the Brucellosis current distribution and predicts suitable habitat shifts under future climate scenarios. In the new representatives; SSP 2.6 and SSP 4.5 for the year 2050s and 2070s, our model predicts an expansion in the current suitable areas. This indicates that under the possible climate changes in the future, the living space of Brucellosis in Qinghai Lake basin China will expand significantly. Ecogeographic variables that contributed significantly to the distribution of Brucellosis in Qinghai Lake basin are revealed by our model. The results of our study will promote comparisons with future research and provide a new perspective to inform decision-making in the field of public health in Qinghai province.
{"title":"Modeling the current and future distribution of Brucellosis under climate change scenarios in Qinghai Lake basin, China","authors":"Temitope Emmanuel Arotolu, Haoning Wang, Jianing Lv, Kun Shi, Liya Huang, Xiaolong Wang","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Bruce llosis is a bacterial disease caused by various Brucella species, which infect primarily cattle, swine, goats, sheep, and dogs. The disease is typically transmitted to humans through direct contact with diseased animals, consumption of contaminated animal products, or inhalation of airborne pollutants. The majority of cases are caused by consuming unpasteurized goat or sheep milk or cheese. Based on observed Brucellosis occurrence data and ecogeographic variables, a MaxEnt algorithm was used to model the current and future distribution of Brucellosis in Qinghai Lake basin, P.R. China. Our model showed the Brucellosis current distribution and predicts suitable habitat shifts under future climate scenarios. In the new representatives; SSP 2.6 and SSP 4.5 for the year 2050s and 2070s, our model predicts an expansion in the current suitable areas. This indicates that under the possible climate changes in the future, the living space of Brucellosis in Qinghai Lake basin China will expand significantly. Ecogeographic variables that contributed significantly to the distribution of Brucellosis in Qinghai Lake basin are revealed by our model. The results of our study will promote comparisons with future research and provide a new perspective to inform decision-making in the field of public health in Qinghai province.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bojan Milovanović, Branislav Kureljušić, Vesna Milićević, Nemanja Zdravković, Jasna Kureljušić, Darko Marinković, Milan Maletić
Abstract Mycoplasma spp. is the cause of serious cattle health disorders that lead to poor reproductive efficiency. Chronic seminal vesiculitis, infertility, vulvovaginitis and dystocia were observed in Mycoplasma spp. infection. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the frequency o f Mycoplasmas in the uterus of postpartum dairy cows and its potential role in the occurrence of subclinical endometritis. Our study included 102 Holstein Friesian dairy cows 22-32 days postpartum. Uterine samples for cytological, bacteriological, and molecular analysis were provided using Cytoprint A I ® . Metricheck ® was used for the assessment of cervicovaginal mucus. After detection of Mycoplasma spp. genome in uterine samples, the swabs of the vulva, vagina, nasal swab, and samples of milk were sampled in order to exclude possible contamination with other microorganisms as potential trigger of subclinical endometritis. The genome of Mycoplasma spp. in the uterus was confirmed in 4 cows (2.40%). Sequencing of the 16S RNA revealed that detected mycoplasmas belonged to Mycoplasma bovigenitalium and Mycoplasma tauri species, with a prevalence of 1.80% and 0.6%, respectively. The cytological evaluation showed a 69.90%, 54.87% and 48.33% of polymorphonuclear cells for M. bovigenitalium positive cows, and 61.64% for M. tauri positive cow. Bacteriological examination revealed Trueperella pyogenes in uterine samples in all 4 observed cows. This is the first study where M. tauri was detected in the uterus of a live cow with subclinical enodmetritis. In this paper we hypothesized that M. bovigenitalium and M. tauri may have a certain role in the etiology of subclinical enodmetritis.
摘要支原体是导致牛繁殖效率低下的严重健康疾病。支原体感染以慢性精囊炎、不孕症、外阴阴道炎、难产为主。本研究的目的是调查产后奶牛子宫支原体的频率及其在亚临床子宫内膜炎发生中的潜在作用。研究对象为102头产后22-32天的荷斯坦弗里西亚奶牛。使用cytopprint A I®对子宫样本进行细胞学、细菌学和分子分析。使用Metricheck®评估宫颈阴道粘液。在子宫样本中检测到支原体基因组后，对外阴拭子、阴道拭子、鼻拭子和牛奶样本进行取样，以排除其他微生物污染可能引发亚临床子宫内膜炎的可能性。4头奶牛(2.40%)子宫支原体基因组得到确认。16S RNA测序结果显示，检测到的支原体属于博维吉尼亚支原体和牛头支原体，患病率分别为1.80%和0.6%。细胞学鉴定结果显示，牛分枝杆菌阳性奶牛的多形核细胞阳性率分别为69.90%、54.87%和48.33%，牛头杆菌阳性奶牛的多形核细胞阳性率为61.64%。4头奶牛子宫标本细菌学检查均发现化脓性真芽孢杆菌。这是首次在患有亚临床子宫内膜炎的活牛的子宫中检测到牛头分枝杆菌的研究。本文推测牛头分枝杆菌和牛头分枝杆菌可能在亚临床子宫内膜炎的发病中起一定的作用。
{"title":"Detection of <i>Mycoplasma bovigenitalium</i> and <i>Mycoplasma tauri</i> in Holstein Friesian dairy cows with subclinical endometritis","authors":"Bojan Milovanović, Branislav Kureljušić, Vesna Milićević, Nemanja Zdravković, Jasna Kureljušić, Darko Marinković, Milan Maletić","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mycoplasma spp. is the cause of serious cattle health disorders that lead to poor reproductive efficiency. Chronic seminal vesiculitis, infertility, vulvovaginitis and dystocia were observed in Mycoplasma spp. infection. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the frequency o f Mycoplasmas in the uterus of postpartum dairy cows and its potential role in the occurrence of subclinical endometritis. Our study included 102 Holstein Friesian dairy cows 22-32 days postpartum. Uterine samples for cytological, bacteriological, and molecular analysis were provided using Cytoprint A I ® . Metricheck ® was used for the assessment of cervicovaginal mucus. After detection of Mycoplasma spp. genome in uterine samples, the swabs of the vulva, vagina, nasal swab, and samples of milk were sampled in order to exclude possible contamination with other microorganisms as potential trigger of subclinical endometritis. The genome of Mycoplasma spp. in the uterus was confirmed in 4 cows (2.40%). Sequencing of the 16S RNA revealed that detected mycoplasmas belonged to Mycoplasma bovigenitalium and Mycoplasma tauri species, with a prevalence of 1.80% and 0.6%, respectively. The cytological evaluation showed a 69.90%, 54.87% and 48.33% of polymorphonuclear cells for M. bovigenitalium positive cows, and 61.64% for M. tauri positive cow. Bacteriological examination revealed Trueperella pyogenes in uterine samples in all 4 observed cows. This is the first study where M. tauri was detected in the uterus of a live cow with subclinical enodmetritis. In this paper we hypothesized that M. bovigenitalium and M. tauri may have a certain role in the etiology of subclinical enodmetritis.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jelena S. Marić, Drago Nedić, Branislav Vejnović, Lejla Velić, Sonja Obrenović
Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in dogs and red foxes in the entity of the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, after heavy rainfall and floods in 2014 and for the two years thereafter. The seroepidemiological study involved testing serum samples from dogs (n = 98) and foxes (n = 112) using MAT (microscopic agglutination test). Antibodies to at least one Leptospira spp. serovar were found in 52.04% of the tested dogs. The dog seroprevalence in 2014 (81.25%) was significantly higher than in 2015 (51.42% p <0.0001) and 2016 (22.5% p<0.05). The highest seroprevalences were for serovars Australis (76.47%), Bratislava (70.58%), Sejroe (66.67%) and Autumnalis (45.09%). Antibodies to at least one Leptospira spp. serovar were detected in 34.82% of the examined red foxes. In 2015, the fox seroprevalence was significantly higher (52.94%) than in 2016 (6.82%) (p <0.0001). The highest seroprevalences were for serovars Sejroe (64.10%), Bratislava (48.72%), Australis (43.59%) and Bataviae (25.64%). The high seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in dogs and foxes determined during this study indicates the importance of these carnivores in maintaining leptospirosis in the study area, and the potential risk of infection for humans and other animal species that come into contact with these canids. The results obtained indicate that heavy rainfall and intense floods can result in increased Leptospira spp. infection in these canids.
{"title":"Seroprevalence of serovars of pathogenic leptospira in dogs and red foxes (<i>Vulpes Vulpes</i>) from bosnia and herzegovina","authors":"Jelena S. Marić, Drago Nedić, Branislav Vejnović, Lejla Velić, Sonja Obrenović","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in dogs and red foxes in the entity of the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, after heavy rainfall and floods in 2014 and for the two years thereafter. The seroepidemiological study involved testing serum samples from dogs (n = 98) and foxes (n = 112) using MAT (microscopic agglutination test). Antibodies to at least one Leptospira spp. serovar were found in 52.04% of the tested dogs. The dog seroprevalence in 2014 (81.25%) was significantly higher than in 2015 (51.42% p <0.0001) and 2016 (22.5% p<0.05). The highest seroprevalences were for serovars Australis (76.47%), Bratislava (70.58%), Sejroe (66.67%) and Autumnalis (45.09%). Antibodies to at least one Leptospira spp. serovar were detected in 34.82% of the examined red foxes. In 2015, the fox seroprevalence was significantly higher (52.94%) than in 2016 (6.82%) (p <0.0001). The highest seroprevalences were for serovars Sejroe (64.10%), Bratislava (48.72%), Australis (43.59%) and Bataviae (25.64%). The high seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in dogs and foxes determined during this study indicates the importance of these carnivores in maintaining leptospirosis in the study area, and the potential risk of infection for humans and other animal species that come into contact with these canids. The results obtained indicate that heavy rainfall and intense floods can result in increased Leptospira spp. infection in these canids.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natalia Kholod, Andrey Koltsov, Nikola Vaskovic, Galina Koltsova
Abstract The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is crucial for the production, processing and transport of proteins. Infection with pathogens activates Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), which can lead to their survival/replication or elimination from the body. Although little is known about the role of the ER stress response in the pathogenesis of viral infections, the regulation of ER stress may be important in intractable infectious diseases. We conducted a comparative analysis of the expression of genes involved in ER stress response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from animals immunized with an attenuated strain of ASFV strain Congo-a (KK262) and then stimulated in vitro by two serologically different virulent strains Congo-v (K49) or Mozambique-v (M78), to expand our understanding of the early determinants of response to homologous and heterologous infection. We found up-regulation of genes of all three sensory molecules (PERK, ATF6 and IRE1) of UPR pathway in cells infected with only a homologous strain. For the first time, a number of up-regulated genes of the ER-associated degradation pathway (ERAD), which destroys misfolded proteins, were also detected. By understanding how viruses modify elements of cellular response to stress, we learn more about the pathogenesis, as well as how we can use it to prevent viral diseases.
{"title":"Identification of endoplasmic reticulum stress response genes in homologous vs. heterologous asf infections <i>in vitro</i>","authors":"Natalia Kholod, Andrey Koltsov, Nikola Vaskovic, Galina Koltsova","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is crucial for the production, processing and transport of proteins. Infection with pathogens activates Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), which can lead to their survival/replication or elimination from the body. Although little is known about the role of the ER stress response in the pathogenesis of viral infections, the regulation of ER stress may be important in intractable infectious diseases. We conducted a comparative analysis of the expression of genes involved in ER stress response in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from animals immunized with an attenuated strain of ASFV strain Congo-a (KK262) and then stimulated in vitro by two serologically different virulent strains Congo-v (K49) or Mozambique-v (M78), to expand our understanding of the early determinants of response to homologous and heterologous infection. We found up-regulation of genes of all three sensory molecules (PERK, ATF6 and IRE1) of UPR pathway in cells infected with only a homologous strain. For the first time, a number of up-regulated genes of the ER-associated degradation pathway (ERAD), which destroys misfolded proteins, were also detected. By understanding how viruses modify elements of cellular response to stress, we learn more about the pathogenesis, as well as how we can use it to prevent viral diseases.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Burçak Aslan Çelik, Özgür Yaşar Çelik, Adnan Ayan, Gürkan Akyildiz, Özlem Orunç Kilinç, Özge Oktay Ayan, Kerem Ercan
Abstract Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are protozoan parasites found in humans and many animal species worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and genotypes of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in cats and to evaluate the zoonotic potential of these agents. The animal material of the study consisted of a total of 40 cats brought to the Veterinary Faculty. Fresh fecal samples taken from the cats were placed in individual sample containers. All samples were examined under the microscope by Kinyoun Acid Fast staining for Cryptosporidium spp. and by the native-Lugol method for Giardia duodenalis . Nested PCR and sequence analyses were then performed. As a result of microscopic and nested PCR analyses for Cryptosporidium spp., no positivity was found in any sample. The prevalence of Giardia duodenalis was 2.5% in both microscopic examination and nested PCR analyses. When the DNA sequences of the β-Giardin gene obtained in the study were compared with the database in NCBI Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, it was determined that one sample overlapped with Assemblage B samples. As a result of this study, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in cats was determined and the presence of Assemblage B was revealed. It is recommended that repetitive studies should be carried out as much as possible to determine the possible role of these parasites in the transmission of these parasites to humans.
隐孢子虫和十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫是寄生在人类和许多动物体内的原生动物。本研究的目的是确定隐孢子虫和十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫在猫中的流行率和基因型，并评估这些病原体的人畜共患潜力。这项研究的动物材料包括总共40只送到兽医学院的猫。从猫身上采集的新鲜粪便样本被放置在单独的样本容器中。显微镜下隐孢子虫用金扬酸快速染色，十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫用原生lugol染色。然后进行巢式PCR和序列分析。镜检和巢式PCR检测隐孢子虫均未发现阳性。显微镜检查和巢式PCR分析显示，十二指肠贾第虫的患病率为2.5%。将本研究获得的β-Giardin基因DNA序列与NCBI Basic Local Alignment Search Tool中的数据库进行比对，确定有1个样本与assembly B样本重叠。本研究确定了隐孢子虫和十二指肠贾第鞭毛虫在猫中的流行情况，并揭示了B组合的存在。建议尽可能多地进行重复研究，以确定这些寄生虫在向人类传播中可能发挥的作用。
{"title":"Preliminary investigation of the prevalence and genotype distribution of <i>Cryptosporidium spp</i>., and Giardia duodenalis in cats in Siirt, Turkey","authors":"Burçak Aslan Çelik, Özgür Yaşar Çelik, Adnan Ayan, Gürkan Akyildiz, Özlem Orunç Kilinç, Özge Oktay Ayan, Kerem Ercan","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis are protozoan parasites found in humans and many animal species worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and genotypes of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in cats and to evaluate the zoonotic potential of these agents. The animal material of the study consisted of a total of 40 cats brought to the Veterinary Faculty. Fresh fecal samples taken from the cats were placed in individual sample containers. All samples were examined under the microscope by Kinyoun Acid Fast staining for Cryptosporidium spp. and by the native-Lugol method for Giardia duodenalis . Nested PCR and sequence analyses were then performed. As a result of microscopic and nested PCR analyses for Cryptosporidium spp., no positivity was found in any sample. The prevalence of Giardia duodenalis was 2.5% in both microscopic examination and nested PCR analyses. When the DNA sequences of the β-Giardin gene obtained in the study were compared with the database in NCBI Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, it was determined that one sample overlapped with Assemblage B samples. As a result of this study, the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in cats was determined and the presence of Assemblage B was revealed. It is recommended that repetitive studies should be carried out as much as possible to determine the possible role of these parasites in the transmission of these parasites to humans.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Todor Novakov, Ivica Gjurovski, Spiro Bozinoski, Aleksandar Janevski, Elena Atanaskova Petrov, Slavica Kostadinova Kunovska, Trpe Ristoski
Abstract One of the most common infectious causes of cat mortality is feline infective peritonitis (FIP), along with panleukopenia and viral upper respiratory tract infections. FIP is more likely to affect cats whose immune system is weak or suppressed. It is thought that the infection of macrophages and monocytes plays a major role in the pathogenic process. In order to set a definitive diagnosis for this infectious disease, a histopathological examination of tissues, and feline coronavirus (FCoV) detection by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is necessary. In this investigation, 15 cats between the ages of 5 and 24 months with clinical suspicion of FIP, underwent post-mortem necropsy, pathohistological and immunohistochemical examination. The results showed that all the cats had abdominal effusion with pyogranulomas throughout the abdominal serosa. Ten out of fifteen cats were FIP positive using immunohistochemical methods. This method also showed the antigen deposition in the macrophages thus confirming their role in the pathogenesis of FIP.
{"title":"Immunohistochemical investigation of FIPV3-70 antigen expression in the ileum of cats with effusive feline infective peritonitis","authors":"Todor Novakov, Ivica Gjurovski, Spiro Bozinoski, Aleksandar Janevski, Elena Atanaskova Petrov, Slavica Kostadinova Kunovska, Trpe Ristoski","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One of the most common infectious causes of cat mortality is feline infective peritonitis (FIP), along with panleukopenia and viral upper respiratory tract infections. FIP is more likely to affect cats whose immune system is weak or suppressed. It is thought that the infection of macrophages and monocytes plays a major role in the pathogenic process. In order to set a definitive diagnosis for this infectious disease, a histopathological examination of tissues, and feline coronavirus (FCoV) detection by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is necessary. In this investigation, 15 cats between the ages of 5 and 24 months with clinical suspicion of FIP, underwent post-mortem necropsy, pathohistological and immunohistochemical examination. The results showed that all the cats had abdominal effusion with pyogranulomas throughout the abdominal serosa. Ten out of fifteen cats were FIP positive using immunohistochemical methods. This method also showed the antigen deposition in the macrophages thus confirming their role in the pathogenesis of FIP.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehmet Cevat Temizkan, Gonca Sonmez, Secil Sevinc Temizkan, Elmas Ulutas, Muhammed Hudai Culha
Abstract Some cats live at home with their owners while others live unattended on the streets or in shelters. One might expect that the owned cats would be better prepared for diseases with vaccinations, and good care and feeding conditions whereas the stray cats would be prepared for diseases by constant exposure to microbial factors. However, no study has investigated which group has the stronger immune response against diseases. Cytotoxic T cells and NK cells are known to initiate an immune response that causes apoptosis of the affected cells when stimulated by various factors. This immune response occurs due to an influx of perforin and granzyme proteins into the affected cell. Accordingly, this study compared owned and stray cats in terms of perforin and granzymes gene expression. Blood samples were collected from 30 owned and 30 stray cats, whose health conditions were checked. The samples were analyzed by qPCR for perforin, and granzyme A and granzyme B gene expression. All genes were expressed at a higher level in owned cats, although only the granzyme A gene showed a significant difference (p<0.05). This indicates that this gene plays a more active and significant role in cats than perforin and granzyme B, and that owned cats have a stronger immune response to diseases than stray cats.
{"title":"The immunological advantage of owned cats over stray cats: a comparative study of perforin and granzymes gene expressions","authors":"Mehmet Cevat Temizkan, Gonca Sonmez, Secil Sevinc Temizkan, Elmas Ulutas, Muhammed Hudai Culha","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0026","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Some cats live at home with their owners while others live unattended on the streets or in shelters. One might expect that the owned cats would be better prepared for diseases with vaccinations, and good care and feeding conditions whereas the stray cats would be prepared for diseases by constant exposure to microbial factors. However, no study has investigated which group has the stronger immune response against diseases. Cytotoxic T cells and NK cells are known to initiate an immune response that causes apoptosis of the affected cells when stimulated by various factors. This immune response occurs due to an influx of perforin and granzyme proteins into the affected cell. Accordingly, this study compared owned and stray cats in terms of perforin and granzymes gene expression. Blood samples were collected from 30 owned and 30 stray cats, whose health conditions were checked. The samples were analyzed by qPCR for perforin, and granzyme A and granzyme B gene expression. All genes were expressed at a higher level in owned cats, although only the granzyme A gene showed a significant difference (p<0.05). This indicates that this gene plays a more active and significant role in cats than perforin and granzyme B, and that owned cats have a stronger immune response to diseases than stray cats.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of benzoic acid and chelates in which copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) were bound to methionine hydroxy analogue on growth performance, intestinal morphology, intestinal microbiota and digesta pH value of post-weaning piglets at 28 days of age. The experiment was conducted on 96 piglets randomly assigned to one of four treatments (6 replicate pens of 4 piglets each): 1) control (C) – microminerals were provided as sulfates of Cu, Zn and Mn at 130 (80 at second phase), 100, 120 mg/kg in the first phase, respectively; 2) chelates (CTM), microelements were provided as chelates of Cu, Zn and Mn at 130 (80 in second phase), 60, 60 mg/kg in the first phase, respectively; 3) benzoic acid (BA), with the addition of 2500 mg/kg during both periods; 4) chelates + benzoic acid (CTM + BA), microelements were provided as chelates of Cu, Zn and Mn at 130 (80 in second phase), 60, 60 mg/kg in the first phase, respectively, and 2500 mg/kg of benzoic acid during both periods. Results showed that chelates and benzoic acid supplementation not only improved the final body weight (p<0.05), average daily gain (p<0.05) and feed conversion ratio (p<0.05), but also increased the morphology performance and decreased the number of E. coli in the jejunum and ileum in the treated groups (p<0.05). This study provides the evidence that dietary supplementation has beneficial effects on the intestinal morphology and microflora of weaned pigs, which can partly explain why growth performance of the piglets was improved.
{"title":"Effects of dietary supplementation with benzoic acid and chelated copper, zinc and manganese sources on production performance in piglets","authors":"Dejan Perić, Roberto Barea, Sladjan Nešić, Lazar Makivić, Jelena Janjić, Dragan Šefer, Radmila Marković","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of benzoic acid and chelates in which copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) were bound to methionine hydroxy analogue on growth performance, intestinal morphology, intestinal microbiota and digesta pH value of post-weaning piglets at 28 days of age. The experiment was conducted on 96 piglets randomly assigned to one of four treatments (6 replicate pens of 4 piglets each): 1) control (C) – microminerals were provided as sulfates of Cu, Zn and Mn at 130 (80 at second phase), 100, 120 mg/kg in the first phase, respectively; 2) chelates (CTM), microelements were provided as chelates of Cu, Zn and Mn at 130 (80 in second phase), 60, 60 mg/kg in the first phase, respectively; 3) benzoic acid (BA), with the addition of 2500 mg/kg during both periods; 4) chelates + benzoic acid (CTM + BA), microelements were provided as chelates of Cu, Zn and Mn at 130 (80 in second phase), 60, 60 mg/kg in the first phase, respectively, and 2500 mg/kg of benzoic acid during both periods. Results showed that chelates and benzoic acid supplementation not only improved the final body weight (p<0.05), average daily gain (p<0.05) and feed conversion ratio (p<0.05), but also increased the morphology performance and decreased the number of E. coli in the jejunum and ileum in the treated groups (p<0.05). This study provides the evidence that dietary supplementation has beneficial effects on the intestinal morphology and microflora of weaned pigs, which can partly explain why growth performance of the piglets was improved.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martina Rosto, Sara Canal, Leonardo Della Salda, Carlo Cantile, Alberto Cauduro, Rossella Terragni, Andrea De Bonis, Francesca Del Signore, Massimo Vignoli
Abstract Fluid-filled cavities within the brain are well-recognized in human and veterinary medicine. Congenital or acquired brain cystic lesions could be isolated or associated with other diseases. Clinical signs related to cysts depend on their size and the mass effect they exert on surrounding neuroanatomical structures. We present a case of a 5-month-old Belgian Malinois dog with cervical pain and right head tilt. The dog had a normal haematochemical profile and negative infectious disease tests. A contrast enhancement Computed Tomography scan revealed the presence of a thin-walled cystic lesion in the caudal cranial fossa at the level of the right pontine-cerebellar junction. A cerebrospinal fluid tap was performed by lumbar puncture, revealing a monocytic pleocytosis. After initial improvement following corticosteroid and antibiotic therapy, clinical signs worsened, and the dog underwent a second clinical evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging examination. After euthanasia a complete postmortem examination was performed. Histological and immunohistochemical findings were suggestive of an ependymal cyst.
{"title":"Ependymal cyst in the caudal cranial fossa of a young Belgian Malinois dog with abnormal cerebrospinal fluid findings","authors":"Martina Rosto, Sara Canal, Leonardo Della Salda, Carlo Cantile, Alberto Cauduro, Rossella Terragni, Andrea De Bonis, Francesca Del Signore, Massimo Vignoli","doi":"10.2478/acve-2023-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acve-2023-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fluid-filled cavities within the brain are well-recognized in human and veterinary medicine. Congenital or acquired brain cystic lesions could be isolated or associated with other diseases. Clinical signs related to cysts depend on their size and the mass effect they exert on surrounding neuroanatomical structures. We present a case of a 5-month-old Belgian Malinois dog with cervical pain and right head tilt. The dog had a normal haematochemical profile and negative infectious disease tests. A contrast enhancement Computed Tomography scan revealed the presence of a thin-walled cystic lesion in the caudal cranial fossa at the level of the right pontine-cerebellar junction. A cerebrospinal fluid tap was performed by lumbar puncture, revealing a monocytic pleocytosis. After initial improvement following corticosteroid and antibiotic therapy, clinical signs worsened, and the dog underwent a second clinical evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging examination. After euthanasia a complete postmortem examination was performed. Histological and immunohistochemical findings were suggestive of an ependymal cyst.","PeriodicalId":55559,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria-Beograd","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135587922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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