Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology最新文献_第5页

The estimation of light transmittance through grassland canopy: Searching for a suitable indirect indicator 草地冠层透光率估算：寻找合适的间接指标

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104102

Marek Czerwiński , Barbara Golińska , Artur Paszkowski , Konrad Wróblewski , Katarzyna Dąbrowska-Zielińska , Piotr Goliński

In grasslands, the transmittance of photosynthetically active radiation through the canopy (RLI_g) is a key factor in terms of ecosystem productivity and biodiversity. However, direct RLI_g measurement is time-consuming, and the estimation is difficult because the relationship between RLI_g and other canopy characteristics has not been sufficiently explored. We aimed to determine the relationships between RLI_g for vegetation with a different cover of forbs, and easily measurable, potential proxy indicators: average canopy height (h), fresh aboveground biomass (FM), and several indices obtained from Sentinel-2 satellites: leaf area index (LAI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and structure insensitive pigment index (SIPI). Empirical data was collected from 2020 to 2023 in 22 mesic grasslands located in Poland. A clear pattern of relationship with RLI_g was observed for h, FM, and LAI: the increase in these parameters coincided with the decrease in RLI_g. This decrease was strong when h, FM and LAI were still low and became moderate when h, FM, and LAI increased to a certain threshold. This shift in the RLI_g trend line was more abrupt and occurred earlier in canopies with high herb cover. This relationship can be accurately modeled using a broken line regression. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is almost unavailable near the ground in swards taller than 15 cm, with LAI greater than 4.5 and aboveground biomass greater than 1.0 kg m⁻². Due to the complexity of the models obtained, practical estimation of RLI_g based on h, FM, or LAI may be difficult.

在草原上，光合有效辐射通过冠层的透射率是影响生态系统生产力和生物多样性的关键因素。然而，直接测量RLIg不仅耗时，而且由于RLIg与其他冠层特征之间的关系尚未得到充分的探讨，因此估算困难。我们旨在确定不同覆盖度植被的RLIg与易于测量的潜在替代指标（平均冠层高度（h)、新鲜地上生物量（FM））以及Sentinel-2卫星获得的叶面积指数（LAI）、归一化植被指数（NDVI）、增强植被指数（EVI）和结构不敏感色素指数（SIPI））之间的关系。本文收集了波兰22个mesic草原2020 - 2023年的实证数据。h、FM和LAI与RLIg有明显的关系：这些参数的增加与RLIg的下降相吻合。当h、FM和LAI仍处于较低水平时，下降幅度较大，当h、FM和LAI达到一定阈值时，下降幅度逐渐减小。在草本盖度高的林冠层，RLIg趋势线的变化更为突然，发生时间也更早。这种关系可以用折线回归准确地建模。在高度大于15 cm、LAI大于4.5、地上生物量大于1.0 kg m−2的草地上，近地几乎不存在光合有效辐射（PAR）。由于所获得模型的复杂性，基于h、FM或LAI的RLIg的实际估计可能很困难。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial variability in early reproductive characteristics of Ulex europaeus L. (Fabaceae) invading in the high-mountain of central Colombia 入侵哥伦比亚中部高山地区的豆科叶菖蒲早期生殖特征的空间变异

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104098

María Camila Ángel-Vallejo , Eliana Jimena García-Marín , Carolina Feuillet-Hurtado , Ghennie Tatiana Rodríguez-Rey , Luis Miguel Álvarez-Mejía , Natalia Aguirre-Acosta

The early reproductive traits of invasive plants enhance their colonization to spread in new environments. However, altitude can act as an environmental filter against the invasion process. In this study, we evaluated the reproductive dynamics of the shrub Ulex europaeus along time since introduction and spatial variability in the high-mountain ecosystems of the Central Andes of Colombia. Four sites were selected, ranging from 2710 to 3636 m above sea level (a.s.l), with introduction periods varying between 18 and 40 years. At each site, we quantified the proportion of reproductive individuals, fruit set, seed set, seed rain, germination and number of seedlings. Significant differences were found in the proportion of reproductive individuals, seed rain, and number of seedlings. Specifically, time since introduction showed that sites with a longer introduction time have a lower proportion of reproductive individuals. Lower altitudes exhibited more favorable climatic conditions for reproduction, however, altitude did not act as an environmental filter for seed germination. In conclusion, U. europaeus demonstrates a strong spatial variability that facilitates its persistence and colonization across the altitudinal gradient in high-mountain ecosystems.

入侵植物的早期生殖特性增强了它们在新环境中的定植和传播。然而，海拔高度可以作为环境过滤器，防止入侵过程。本文研究了哥伦比亚中部安第斯山脉高山生态系统中灌丛欧洲杉木（Ulex europaeus）自引进以来的繁殖动态及其空间变异。选择了四个地点，海拔高度在2710至3636米之间（a.s.l），引入期在18至40年之间。在每个站点，我们量化了繁殖个体比例、坐果率、坐果率、种子雨、发芽率和幼苗数。在繁殖个体比例、种子雨量和幼苗数量上存在显著差异。具体地说，自引种以来的时间表明，引种时间越长的地点生殖个体比例越低。低海拔地区表现出更有利的繁殖气候条件，但海拔对种子萌发没有环境过滤作用。综上所述，木犀草具有很强的空间变异性，这有利于其在高山生态系统中跨越海拔梯度的持久性和定植性。

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引用次数: 0

Daily changes in the tropical soundscape: the acoustic partition between birds and insects in a forest in southern Vietnam 热带声景观的日常变化：越南南部森林中鸟类和昆虫之间的声隔断

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104101

Svetlana Gogoleva , Igor Palko , Vadim Khaitov , Vũ Mạnh , Alexey Opaev

Animals communicating through acoustic signaling may compete for “acoustic space”. In tropical rainforests, birds and insects are the most acoustically active animals during the daytime, and insects are considered a major source of noise for singing birds. However, the extent to which birds and insects partition acoustic space in tropical forests is poorly known. We analyzed bird and insect acoustic activity at different time scales using passive acoustic monitoring data collected over a year in southern Vietnam. Recordings were made for 5 min every 25 min over 24-h periods, which allowed us to investigate temporal dynamics at daily and seasonal scales. We first calculated acoustic indices for all 5-min recordings across the full dataset. To assess finer-scale interactions, we also sampled 100 recordings representing various times of day and seasons. Then, we assessed the elements of the soundscape (biophony, geophony, and anthropophony) in each recording. Insects and birds were the main elements of the daytime biophony, with insect sounds being most prominent. Insects were active both day and night, but their activity decreased at dawn, when bird activity peaked. We found no negative relationship between insect and bird sound occurrences in the selected recordings, suggesting that birds do not avoid periods of insect activity. Instead, the observed patterns likely reflect distinct circadian rhythms. Furthermore, insects calling at the same frequencies as birds usually do not produce sounds actively at dawn, when birds are the most active. This may contribute to increased acoustic partitioning between birds and insects.

通过声音信号进行交流的动物可能会争夺“声音空间”。在热带雨林中，鸟类和昆虫是白天声音最活跃的动物，昆虫被认为是唱歌的鸟类的主要噪音来源。然而，鸟类和昆虫在多大程度上划分了热带森林的声学空间，人们知之甚少。我们利用在越南南部收集的一年多的被动声学监测数据，分析了不同时间尺度下鸟类和昆虫的声学活动。在24小时的时间段内，每25分钟记录5分钟，这使我们能够在日常和季节尺度上研究时间动态。我们首先计算了整个数据集中所有5分钟录音的声学指数。为了评估更精细的相互作用，我们还采样了100个代表一天中不同时间和季节的记录。然后，我们评估了每个录音中的声景元素（生物声、地声和人声）。昆虫和鸟类是白天生物鸣声的主要组成部分，其中昆虫的声音最为突出。昆虫在白天和晚上都很活跃，但在黎明时它们的活动减少，而此时鸟类的活动达到顶峰。在选定的录音中，我们发现昆虫和鸟类的声音之间没有负相关关系，这表明鸟类不会避开昆虫活动的时期。相反，观察到的模式可能反映了不同的昼夜节律。此外，以与鸟类相同频率鸣叫的昆虫通常不会在黎明发出积极的声音，而此时鸟类是最活跃的。这可能有助于增加鸟类和昆虫之间的声学划分。

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引用次数: 0

Drivers of aboveground carbon in protected areas in Burkina Faso 布基纳法索保护区地上碳的驱动因素

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104100

Kangbéni Dimobe , Korotimi Ouédraogo , Shem Kuyah , Adjima Thiombiano

Grasslands, savannas, and forests within protected areas play a vital role in mitigating climate change and conserving biodiversity. While these landscapes are widely recognized for their ecological value, the contribution of biodiversity to enhancing aboveground carbon (AGC) storage is less understood. We investigated how environmental factors (climate, topography and soil conditions) affect biodiversity and AGC stock, and how functional trait diversity and species composition mediate the response of AGC to evolutionary drivers within the study area. The study was conducted in 133 plots in two protected areas (Bontioli Total Wildlife reserve and Nazinga Game Ranch) in Burkina Faso. We measured local environmental conditions, species composition and tree structural data (diameter at breast height, maximum height) for each plot. We used combined field observations with wood density values from literature to quantify phylogenetic diversity, functional trait diversity and dominance. We then estimated AGC using established allometric equations. We used structural equation models to assess the direct and indirect impacts of environmental factors on AGC stock, mediated by biodiversity metrics. Aboveground carbon stocks ranged from 5 to 165 Mg/ha, with notable association between phylogenetic diversity and functional trait metrics. These findings underscore the influence of both complementary interactions and trait-based selection. A strong positive relationship between phylogenetic diversity and functional richness across all vegetation types suggest that evolutionary divergence contribute to ecological function. However, the strength and direction of the relationship between phylogenetic diversity and community-weighted mean of maximum height differed among the vegetation types, suggesting that evolutionary influences on trait values are modulated by the unique environmental conditions of each ecosystem. This study highlights the intricate links between biodiversity, functional traits, and carbon storage, offering insights for managing and conserving forest ecosystems in support of SDGs 13 (Climate Action), 15 (Life on Land), and 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production).

保护区内的草原、稀树草原和森林在减缓气候变化和保护生物多样性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。虽然这些景观因其生态价值而得到广泛认可，但生物多样性对增强地上碳（AGC）储存的贡献却鲜为人知。研究了气候、地形和土壤等环境因子对生物多样性和AGC存量的影响，以及功能性状多样性和物种组成如何调节AGC对进化驱动因素的响应。这项研究是在布基纳法索两个保护区（Bontioli野生动物保护区和Nazinga狩猎牧场）的133个地块上进行的。我们测量了每个地块的当地环境条件、物种组成和树木结构数据（胸高直径、最大高度）。利用野外观测资料和木材密度值对系统发育多样性、功能性状多样性和优势度进行了定量分析。然后，我们使用建立的异速生长方程估计AGC。采用结构方程模型，以生物多样性指标为中介，评估了环境因子对AGC种群的直接和间接影响。地上碳储量在5 ~ 165 Mg/ha之间，系统发育多样性与功能性状指标之间存在显著相关性。这些发现强调了互补相互作用和基于性状的选择的影响。在所有植被类型中，系统发育多样性与功能丰富度之间存在显著的正相关关系，这表明进化差异有助于生态功能。然而，不同植被类型系统发育多样性与群落加权最大高度平均值之间的关系强度和方向不同，表明进化对性状值的影响是由不同生态系统的独特环境条件调节的。本研究强调了生物多样性、功能特征和碳储存之间的复杂联系，为管理和保护森林生态系统提供了见解，以支持可持续发展目标13（气候行动）、15（陆地上的生命）和12（负责任的消费和生产）。

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引用次数: 0

Invertebrate herbivore damage of lowland plant species decreases after an experimental shift to higher altitudes 低海拔植物的无脊椎草食损害在实验转移到高海拔后减少

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104099

Karolína Jackwerth , Dagmar Hucková , Ondřej Mudrák , Jan Klečka

Many plant and animal species move to higher altitudes in response to climate warming, leading to new species co-occurrences and novel plant-animal interactions. These shifts can impact species diversity and community composition in mountain habitats. According to the enemy release hypothesis, plant expansion into new areas may be facilitated by reduced damage from natural enemies, like herbivores. While this mechanism is known to facilitate the spread of invasive species, it is unclear whether the uphill movement of native plants, in response to rising temperatures, is also aided by reduced herbivory at sites above their current altitudinal range. In our study, we experimentally tested this hypothesis. We compared herbivore damage of six species of lowland plants grown in pots exposed to herbivores at their native sites in the lowland and at sites above their current upper altitudinal limit. As a control, we also measured herbivore damage of six plants growing naturally across the entire range of altitude. We found that lowland plants had reduced herbivore damage when they were moved to highland sites, while herbivore damage of species naturally growing at both altitudes did not differ. Changes of herbivore damage were modulated by leaf dry matter content, specific leaf area and to a lesser degree also by plant height. Our results support the enemy release hypothesis in the context of altitudinal range shifts. We conclude that reduced herbivore damage may help plants spread above their current upper altitudinal limit in response to rising temperatures.

为了应对气候变暖，许多植物和动物物种向更高的海拔迁移，导致新物种共存和新的植物-动物相互作用。这些变化会影响山地栖息地的物种多样性和群落组成。根据敌人释放假说，植物向新区域扩张可能会因为减少天敌（如食草动物）的伤害而变得容易。虽然已知这一机制促进了入侵物种的传播，但尚不清楚本地植物为应对不断上升的温度而向山上移动，是否也有助于在其当前海拔范围以上的地点减少食草性。在我们的研究中，我们通过实验验证了这一假设。本研究比较了6种盆栽低地植物在低地原生地和海拔上限以上地暴露于草食动物的伤害情况。作为对照，我们还测量了在整个海拔范围内自然生长的六种植物的草食损害。我们发现，低地植物迁移到高原后，食草性损害有所减少，而在两个海拔高度自然生长的物种的食草性损害没有差异。草食伤害的变化受叶片干物质含量、比叶面积的调节，株高也有一定程度的调节。我们的研究结果在海拔高度变化的背景下支持敌人释放假说。我们的结论是，减少食草动物的伤害可能有助于植物在当前的海拔上限上传播，以应对不断上升的温度。

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引用次数: 0

Natural factors or human disturbance: What shapes the occurrence of black grouse Lyrurus tetrix on the edge of its continuous range? 自然因素还是人为干扰：是什么影响了黑松鸡在其连续活动范围边缘的出现？

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104095

Michał Adamowicz , Tomasz Gortat , Patryk Czortek , Michał Chiliński

The black grouse belongs to a group of birds sensitive to environmental changes. A decrease in its numbers may signal the deteriorating habitat condition. In this study, we analyzed the impact of a number of predictors on the species' occurrence in one of its last Central European, mountainous refuge - the Polish Tatra Mountains. The study aimed to understand the land use of the species and identify the most important factors for its survival. Our results indicate the predominance of land cover over the other factors studied. Particularly, the presence of dwarf shrubs promoted the occurrence of black grouse. It showed a positive correlation with vegetation providing food and lekking sites and land cover by forest in the surroundings. A negative relationship was found with bare rock cover and high tourist pressure around the occurrence sites. Human disturbance had a negative impact on the species' occurrence, but it was less significant than habitat quality. However, it may be considered a habitat-fragmenting factor. Our results highlight the need to consider a large spatial scale when studying the effects of biotic and abiotic factors on a declining population, which is particularly important on the edge of the species’ continuous range. For conservation, it would also be optimal to incorporate our results along with data on reproductive success and the impact of climate change on shaping the local biotope.

黑松鸡属于一种对环境变化敏感的鸟类。其数量的减少可能是栖息地状况恶化的信号。在这项研究中，我们分析了一些预测因素对该物种在其最后一个中欧山区避难所之一-波兰塔特拉山脉中的发生的影响。该研究旨在了解该物种的土地利用情况，并确定其生存的最重要因素。我们的研究结果表明，土地覆盖在研究的其他因素中占主导地位。矮灌木的存在促进了黑松鸡的发生。与周边植被提供的食物、渗漏点和森林覆盖面积呈正相关。发生地点周围的裸岩覆盖度与高旅游压力呈负相关。人为干扰对该物种的发生有负面影响，但影响程度低于生境质量。然而，它可能被认为是生境破碎化的因素。我们的研究结果强调，在研究生物和非生物因素对种群下降的影响时，需要考虑大的空间尺度，这在物种连续范围的边缘尤其重要。为了保护，将我们的结果与繁殖成功率和气候变化对当地生物群落形成的影响的数据结合起来也是最佳的。

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引用次数: 0

Scorpions in urbanized landscapes: influence of habitat type and landscape on body condition, diversity and functional traits in a Neotropical submontane forest 城市化景观中的蝎子：栖息地类型和景观对新热带亚热带森林蝎子身体状况、多样性和功能特征的影响

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104087

Matheus Leonydas Borba Feitosa , Fredy Alvarado , Hidalgo Valentim Gomes de Lima , Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de Moura , André Felipe de Araujo Lira

The local filtering process exerts a significant influence on the evolution of species traits. Furthermore, the spatial configuration of the landscape may also exert an influence on the assembly of traits within communities. It is of paramount importance to comprehend the impact of human-induced alterations to tropical forest habitats and land cover on the diversity, fitness, and functional characteristics of native fauna, as this knowledge is fundamental to the field of conservation biology. In this study, we investigate the impact of different habitats and land cover on the abundance, species richness, composition, body condition, and functional traits of the scorpion assemblage in a Neotropical submontane forest region. The scorpions were collected via active search in 60 sampling units distributed evenly among three habitat types: the city core, urban green areas, and forests. A total of 882 specimens were sampled, distributed among five species within two families. The results indicate that, at the habitat level, forests exhibited greater abundance and species richness, and these taxonomic patterns were sensitive to the surrounding land use. Furthermore, the expansion of urban areas in the landscape composition also results in a shift in species composition. Additionally, forest habitats are vital for maintaining higher body condition. Conversely, habitats classified as city core have led to the emergence of traits adapted to urban conditions. It is evident that urban green infrastructure plays a pivotal role in maintaining scorpion biodiversity, even in highly urbanized environments.

局部滤波过程对物种性状的进化有重要影响。此外，景观的空间结构也可能对群落内部特征的集合产生影响。理解人类对热带森林栖息地和土地覆盖的改变对本地动物的多样性、适应性和功能特征的影响至关重要，因为这是保护生物学领域的基础知识。在本研究中，我们研究了不同生境和土地覆盖对新热带亚山地林区蝎子群落丰度、物种丰富度、组成、身体状况和功能性状的影响。采用主动搜索的方法，在城市核心区、城市绿地和森林三种生境类型中均匀分布了60个采样单元。共采集标本882份，分布于2科5种。结果表明，在生境水平上，森林表现出更大的丰度和物种丰富度，并且这些分类格局对周围土地利用敏感。此外，城市面积的扩大也导致了物种组成的变化。此外，森林栖息地对于保持较高的身体状态至关重要。相反，被归类为城市核心的栖息地导致了适应城市条件的特征的出现。很明显，即使在高度城市化的环境中，城市绿色基础设施在维持蝎子生物多样性方面也起着关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Toxicological impact of elutriate from wooded soil with the exotic plants Pinus spp. and Eucalyptus spp. 外来植物松木和桉树对林地中电解质的毒理学影响。

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104085

Lidyana Schlichting, Felipe Ogliari Bandeira, Alana Rafaela Batista Leite, Bianca Vicente Costa Oscar, Cristina Moreira Lalau, Thuanne Braúlio Hennig, Vitor Pereira Vaz, William Gerson Matias, Rodrigo Costa Puerari

The presence of exotic species of plants in a region is associated with anthropogenic activities due to their economic and commercial benefits. When these exotic species hinder the development of native species, they are considered invasive. In Brazil, two species stand out: Pinus spp. and Eucalyptus spp. Their presence within ecosystems may result in environmental imbalances caused by allelopathy. The allelochemicals released by these invasive species can enter the environment through rainfall, decomposition of plant material, root exudation, and volatilization. The high solubility of phenolic compounds produced by these plants allows them to reach water bodies and potentially affect aquatic organisms. In light of this, a toxicological evaluation was conducted by exposing Daphnia magna, Aliivibrio fischeri, Landoltia punctata, and Lactuca sativa seeds to soil elutriates from areas with exotic and native vegetation. The samples were collected in close proximity, with the primary difference being the type of vegetation cover. Upon characterization, the soil covered by native species was found to contain higher levels of organic matter and moisture, whereas the soil with exotic species appeared drier. Overall, the toxicological evaluation revealed that elutriates from native vegetation induced greater toxic effects on the aquatic organisms D. magna and A. fischeri. Conversely, elutriates from exotic vegetation showed lower concentrations of total phenolic compounds but still exhibited toxic effects on the development of L. sativa seeds and caused notable structural damage to the aquatic macrophyte L. punctata.. This study highlights the importance of investigating reforested areas dominated by exotic species to better understand the potential environmental impacts caused by invasive plants.

外来植物的存在与人为活动有关，因为它们具有经济和商业效益。当这些外来物种阻碍了本地物种的发展时，它们就被认为是入侵物种。在巴西，松树和桉树这两种树种尤为突出，它们在生态系统中的存在可能导致化感作用引起的环境失衡。这些入侵物种释放的化感物质可以通过降雨、植物物质分解、根系分泌物和挥发进入环境。这些植物产生的酚类化合物的高溶解度使它们能够到达水体并潜在地影响水生生物。有鉴于此，我们将大水蚤、费氏alivibrio fischeri、斑点兰多丽亚（Landoltia punctata）和芥蓝（lacuca sativa）种子暴露在有外来和原生植被地区的土壤中进行了毒理学评价。样本是近距离收集的，主要区别在于植被覆盖的类型。经过鉴定，发现本地物种覆盖的土壤含有更高水平的有机质和水分，而外来物种覆盖的土壤则显得更干燥。总体而言，毒理学评价表明，原生植被的洗脱液对水生生物D. magna和A. fischeri的毒性作用更大。相反，外来植被的淋洗液中总酚类化合物的浓度较低，但仍对sativa L.种子发育产生毒性作用，并对水生植物L. punctata造成明显的结构破坏。这项研究强调了调查以外来物种为主的再造林地区的重要性，以更好地了解入侵植物对环境的潜在影响。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial variation in population abundance of invasive Rattus rattus across coastal habitats of East African island archipelago 东非岛屿群岛沿海生境入侵鼠种群丰度的空间变异

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104086

Teclamageni S. Mayeji , Nsajigwa E. Mbije , Christopher A. Sabuni , David J. Kavana , Amina R. Issae , Martin J. Martin

It is well established that animal species exhibit variation in population across different habitats. Environmental and anthropogenic factors may contribute a lot to this. However, to what extent these factors affect species populations remains largely unexplained in most rodent species. We assessed the influence of environmental and anthropogenic factors on the variation in population abundance of Rattus rattus in the East African island archipelago. Sherman® live traps were used to capture R. rattus in various habitats categorised as mosaic landscape, coastal forest and shrub mosaic. High abundancies of R. rattus were recorded in mosaic landscapes and comparatively lower abundancies in coastal forests and shrub mosaics. Areas with higher abundancies of R. rattus were close to farmlands and human settlements characterized by low EVI and NDVI implying that areas with low EVI and NDVI associated with anthropogenic activities support high population abundance of R. rattus. Since R. rattus is a pest reported to cause significant food losses and a potential reservoir host of many zoonotic diseases, we advocate the implementation of management and control measures to control its population. Control measures should focus on managing species' populations through environmentally friendly approaches to avoid damage to other biodiversity. This goes in line with updating and formulating effective Integrative Pest Management plans and control measures for vertebrate pests in human habitats.

众所周知，动物物种在不同的栖息地表现出种群差异。环境和人为因素可能在很大程度上造成了这一现象。然而，这些因素对大多数啮齿动物种群的影响程度在很大程度上仍未得到解释。研究了环境因子和人为因子对东非岛屿群岛Rattus Rattus种群丰度变化的影响。Sherman®活捕器用于捕获不同生境的大鼠，这些生境分为马赛克景观、沿海森林和灌木马赛克。在马赛克景观中记录到高丰度的褐家鼠，而在沿海森林和灌木马赛克景观中记录到相对较低的丰度。褐家鼠高丰度区域靠近农田和人类住区，具有低EVI和NDVI特征，表明与人类活动相关的低EVI和NDVI区域支持褐家鼠高种群丰度。由于大鼠是一种造成严重粮食损失的害虫，也是许多人畜共患疾病的潜在宿主，我们提倡实施管理和控制措施来控制其数量。控制措施应侧重于通过环境友好的方法管理物种种群，以避免损害其他生物多样性。这与更新和制定有效的综合有害生物管理计划和控制人类栖息地脊椎动物有害生物的措施是一致的。

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引用次数: 0

Carbon and phosphorus content in soil influences the localized abundance of tree fern Alosphila spinulosa in panchase protected forest area, Nepal 尼泊尔潘切斯保护区土壤碳磷含量对桫椤局部丰度的影响

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104082

Bijay Bashyal , Chandra Mani Aryal , Lila Paudel , Kumod Lekhak , Man Kumar Dhamala

Tree ferns hold significant ecological and socioeconomic value. In Nepal, they have restricted distribution, occurring in a few patches from eastern to central Nepal. In the localities where they occur, tree ferns are threatened by various anthropogenic pressures. Despite these threats, the influence of environmental variables on the localized distribution and abundance of the species is poorly understood in the country, hindering our ability to devise and implement tailored conservation actions. Our study aimed to investigate the influence of edaphic factors on tree fern abundance in the Panchase Protected Forest Area (PPFA), Central Nepal. This investigation may provide insights into specific factors that can be managed on a fine scale to conserve their populations. We surveyed 43 plots measuring 20 m × 20 m to record the tree fern abundance and collect soil samples. Composite soil samples obtained from the four corners of each plot at a depth of 15 cm were prepared and further analyzed in the laboratory using standard methods for each parameter. An independent sample t-test was applied to assess the difference in site characteristics between tree fern-present and absent sites. Generalized linear regression (Poisson family) was used to examine the fine-scale factors associated with tree fern abundance. Tree fern abundance was found to be correlated with the availability of soil phosphorus and soil carbon. Soil carbon was found to be the most important factor determining the tree fern abundance. A unit increase in percentage soil carbon increases the abundance of tree fern by 47 %, while a unit increase in phosphorus increases the abundance by 1.1 %. Soil pH has a positive influence on the abundance, while nitrogen content has a negative influence, though the relationship was not significant. Our findings emphasize the importance of managing edaphic variables for the conservation of the species.

蕨类植物具有重要的生态和社会经济价值。在尼泊尔，它们的分布受到限制，只在尼泊尔东部到中部的几个斑块中出现。在它们生长的地方，树蕨受到各种人为压力的威胁。尽管存在这些威胁，但我国对环境变量对该物种的局部分布和丰富程度的影响知之甚少，阻碍了我们制定和实施有针对性的保护行动的能力。本研究旨在探讨尼泊尔中部潘切斯森林保护区（PPFA）土壤因子对蕨类植物丰度的影响。这项调查可能会提供一些具体因素的见解，这些因素可以在很小的范围内进行管理，以保护它们的种群。我们调查了43个面积为20 m × 20 m的样地，记录了蕨类植物的丰度并采集了土壤样品。从每个地块的四个角取15 cm深度的复合土样品制备，并在实验室使用各参数的标准方法进行进一步分析。采用独立样本t检验评估存在和不存在蕨类植物位点特征的差异。采用广义线性回归（泊松族）分析了影响树蕨丰度的精细尺度因子。结果表明，蕨类植物丰度与土壤磷和碳的有效性相关。土壤碳是决定树蕨丰度的最重要因素。土壤碳含量每增加一个单位，树蕨的丰度增加47%，而磷含量每增加一个单位，树蕨的丰度增加1.1%。土壤pH对丰度有正影响，氮含量对丰度有负影响，但关系不显著。我们的研究结果强调了管理土壤变量对物种保护的重要性。

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引用次数: 0