Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology最新文献_第2页

Turfgrass cover influences the abundance of beneficial arthropods in sod farms 草皮覆盖影响草皮农场有益节肢动物的丰度

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104140

Mahesh Ghimire, Shimat V. Joseph

Turfgrass hosts multitudes of herbivores and some of them are pests such as the hunting billbug, Sphenophorus venatus vestitus Chittenden (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), which reduces the quality of turfgrass during nipping. With turfgrass being a crop of economic and ecological importance, management of pests attacking this crop should encourage the conservation of other beneficial invertebrates in the ecosystem. Thus, our objective was to quantify and compare the abundance of beneficial arthropod groups across turfgrass stands at three cover levels (0 %, ∼50 %, and 100 % cover) representing early, intermediate, and fully established sod. We hypothesized that beneficial arthropods would be less abundant in early-stage (sparse cover) sod than in fully covered turf, due to reduced habitat and resources at early stages. In 2021 and 2022, zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) sod fields with 0 %, 50 %, and 100 % turfgrass cover were selected, and arthropod abundance was documented using pitfall traps. The numbers of carabids, staphylinids, and parasitic hymenopterans in 2021 and the parasitic hymenopterans in 2022 were less abundant in turfgrass at the early stages of development. However, dermapterans were more abundant in the turfgrass at the early stages of development than fully covered. The abundance of Araneae increased when the turfgrass fully covered the ground. Although beneficial arthropods were prevalent at all stages of turfgrass development, they were less abundant at the early stages. The implications of the results for the development of ecologically driven management strategies for pests, such as S. venatus vestitus, conserving beneficial arthropods in sod farms are discussed.

草坪草是许多食草动物的栖息地，其中一些是害虫，如猎billbug， Sphenophorus venatus vestitus Chittenden（鞘翅目：Curculionidae），在割草期间降低了草坪草的质量。由于草坪草是一种具有经济和生态重要性的作物，对这种作物有害生物的管理应鼓励保护生态系统中其他有益的无脊椎动物。因此，我们的目标是量化和比较三个覆盖水平（0%、~ 50%和100%覆盖）的草坪草坪上有益节肢动物群体的丰度，分别代表早期、中期和完全建立的草坪。我们假设，由于早期的栖息地和资源减少，在早期（稀疏覆盖）草皮中有益节肢动物的数量少于完全覆盖的草皮。在2021年和2022年，选择了草坪草覆盖率为0%、50%和100%的结缕草（Zoysia spp.）草坪田，并使用陷阱记录了节肢动物的丰度。在草坪草发育初期，2021年和2022年的寄生性膜翅目昆虫数量较少，其中瓢虫类、葡萄球菌类和寄生性膜翅目昆虫数量较少。然而，在发育的早期阶段，皮类动物在草坪草中的数量比完全覆盖的要多。当草坪草完全覆盖地面时，蜘蛛目的丰度增加。虽然有益节肢动物在草坪草发育的各个阶段都很普遍，但在早期阶段较少。讨论了研究结果对草皮农场害虫生态驱动管理策略的发展意义，如保护有益节肢动物。

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引用次数: 0

Herbivory by terrestrial crabs (Family Sesarmidae) in tropical mangroves 热带红树林陆生蟹（海蟹科）的食草动物

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104139

Hudihim Mudiyanselage Madusha Dilshini Dedunupitiya , Dona Hemali Nandana Munasinghe , Kirivithanage Sandun Nalaka Bandara

Herbivory of sesarmid crabs is pivotal in determining the mangrove's structural complexity. The feeding behaviours of crabs such as leaf consumption, propagule predation and turnover of organic matter are considered key to establish the trophic interactions in mangroves. To determine the food preference of herbivorous mangrove crabs, the field experiments were designed in a fringe mangrove patch of southern Sri Lanka. The main habitat types were chosen representing roadside and forest vegetation. In both vegetation types, the feeding preference of dominant crabs on different species of mangroves and factors related to the propagule and leaf consumption were assessed. The propagules were consumed at a higher rate than the leaves, however, propagule consumption was not significantly different among mangrove species and the vegetation type. Contrarily, the leaf consumption among different mangrove species and vegetation types was significantly different and species-specific. Both propagule and leaf consumption positively correlated with the crab abundance, which also had a positive relationship with the canopy openness. Neosarmatium smithi was highly competitive and showed the highest overall amount of leaf and propagule consumption. The feeding patterns of herbivorous crabs provide evidence on seedling survival and potential impacts on mangrove regeneration. Understanding these ecological relationships could be important for mangrove restoration success and management.

芝麻蟹的食草性是决定红树林结构复杂性的关键。螃蟹的食性行为，如叶片的消耗、繁殖体的捕食和有机物的转换被认为是建立红树林营养相互作用的关键。为了确定草食性红树林蟹的食物偏好，在斯里兰卡南部的红树林边缘斑块设计了实地实验。主要生境类型选择代表路边和森林植被。在两种植被类型中，对优势蟹对不同种类红树林的取食偏好以及繁殖体和叶片消耗的相关因素进行了评价。繁殖体消耗速率高于叶片，但繁殖体消耗速率在不同树种和植被类型间无显著差异。相反，不同树种和植被类型之间的叶片消耗存在显著差异和物种特异性。繁殖体和叶片消耗与螃蟹丰度呈正相关，与冠层开度呈正相关。新草竞争性强，叶片和繁殖体消耗总量最高。草食性蟹的取食方式为红树林幼苗的存活和对红树林更新的潜在影响提供了证据。了解这些生态关系对红树林恢复的成功和管理很重要。

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引用次数: 0

Validating ranges, georeferenced records, and species distribution models, for vertebrate and plant species globally 验证范围，地理参考记录和物种分布模型，脊椎动物和植物物种的全球

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104137

Brice B. Hanberry

Species range maps and georeferenced records of species occurrences supply complementary information about where species occur. I applied range maps and georeferenced records to examine intersection between range maps and the most certain and less certain locations of georeferenced records (i.e., coordinates can have an associated field of coordinate uncertainty in meters), intersection between an alternative range map product and georeferenced records, and areas of range maps relative to areas predicted by species distribution models from georeferenced records or range maps, with varying sample sizes. For all combined 3853 vertebrate and plant species, 25 % of species had at least 96.8 % intersection between georeferenced records of distance uncertainties <1 km and range maps, 50 % of species had at least 91.7 % intersection, and 75 % of species had at least 81.0 % intersection. The 25 % of species range maps with less than 80 % intersection may need reevaluation for mis-location, with omission and commission error. Similar results occurred for intersection with ranges of georeferenced records for distance uncertainties greater than 1 km or unknown, relative to uncertainties <1 km, and the Mammal Diversity Database (MDD) range maps, relative to International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) range maps. Species distribution models based on small sample sizes overpredicted total area of occurrence, with about half of the predicted area outside of range maps. Range maps and georeferenced records triangulated, regardless of distance uncertainties. Range maps can help validate species distribution models or indicate issues of area overprediction and poor representation due to small samples, whereas georeferenced records detected potential anomalies in range maps.

物种范围图和物种发生的地理参考记录提供了关于物种发生地点的补充信息。我应用范围图和地理参考记录来检查范围图与地理参考记录的最确定位置和不太确定位置之间的交集（例如，坐标可以具有以米为单位的坐标不确定性字段），替代范围图产品与地理参考记录之间的交集，以及范围图的区域相对于地理参考记录或范围图中物种分布模型预测的区域，具有不同的样本量。在所有3853种脊椎动物和植物物种中，25%的物种在距离不确定度（1 km）的地理参考记录与范围图之间至少有96.8%的交集，50%的物种至少有91.7%的交集，75%的物种至少有81.0%的交集。25%交集小于80%的物种范围图可能因定位错误、遗漏和委托错误而需要重新评估。对于距离不确定度大于1公里或未知的地理参考记录范围，以及相对于国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）范围图的哺乳动物多样性数据库（MDD）范围图的交集，也出现了类似的结果。基于小样本量的物种分布模型高估了总发生面积，大约一半的预测面积超出了范围图。范围地图和地理参考记录三角测量，不考虑距离的不确定性。范围图可以帮助验证物种分布模型或指出由于样本小而导致的面积过度预测和代表性不足的问题，而地理参考记录则可以发现范围图中潜在的异常。

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引用次数: 0

Long-term variation in aspects of endozoochorous seed dispersal by wild Japanese martens (Martes melampus) in northern Japan 日本北部野生日本貂（Martes melampus）传种的长期变化

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104136

Nanako Owari, Akihiro Ono, Chiaki Kato, Mayu Nakagawa , Yamato Tsuji

We investigated the seed dispersal characteristics of wild Japanese martens (Martes melampus) in a coastal forest in northern Japan over four years (2021–2024) to assess long-term variations in these characteristics. Intact seeds were detected in 399 fecal samples from at least 24 different plant species. Most seeds were from a limited number of species (Eurya japonica, Cerasus spp., Morus australis, Actinidia arguta, and Celtis sinensis). The mean (±SD) number of seeds per fecal sample averaged 87 ± 133 (range: 1–734). The proportion of feces containing seeds and number of seeds in a single fecal sample showed inter-annual variation, likely originated to inter-annual changes in fruit production and dietary shifts to non-fruit diets (insects and mammals). In contrast, the mean (±SD) number of plant species whose seeds were found within single fecal samples was 1.3 ± 0.5 (range: 1–4) and presented no inter-annual variation, likely due to shorter gut passage time for the feeding bouts. Our results demonstrated that the quantitative components of seed dispersal were not fixed but context-dependent, and that long-term data collection is necessary to assess seed dispersal effectiveness more accurately.

本文对日本北部沿海森林野生日本貂（Martes melampus）种子传播特征进行了为期4年（2021-2024）的研究，以评估这些特征的长期变化。在至少24种不同植物的399份粪便样本中检测到完整的种子。大部分种子来自有限的物种（Eurya japonica, Cerasus spp., Morus australis， actindia arguta和Celtis sinensis）。每个粪便样本的平均种子数（±SD）为87±133（范围：1-734）。单个粪便样本中含有种子的粪便比例和种子数量呈年际变化，可能源于水果产量的年际变化和饮食向非水果饮食（昆虫和哺乳动物）的转变。相比之下，在单个粪便样本中发现种子的植物物种的平均（±SD）数量为1.3±0.5（范围：1-4），并且没有年际变化，可能是由于喂食期肠道通过时间较短。我们的研究结果表明，种子传播的定量成分不是固定的，而是与环境有关的，为了更准确地评估种子传播效果，需要长期的数据收集。

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引用次数: 0

To be browsed or not to be browsed: differences in nutritional characteristics of blackthorn Prunus spinosa subject to the long-term pressure of herbivores 吃食与不吃食：草食动物长期胁迫下黑刺李营养特性的差异

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104130

Veronica Facciolati , Marcin Zarek , Ewa Błońska , Jarosław Lasota , Olga Orman , Michał Ciach

The impact of ungulates on temperate forest vegetation has been investigated for a long time. Numerous studies on food selection have identified the palatable plant species preferred by large herbivores. However, intra-specific food selection and the question why particular plants of a given species are ignored during foraging have been neglected. Blackthorns growing in abandoned pastures are an important component of the deer's diet. In areas densely populated by deer, annual shoot browsing produces dwarf shrubby forms of blackthorns. However, some blackthorns are not browsed by ungulates (resist or escape herbivore control) and adopt a tree-like form. The existence of distinct, browsing-dependent growth forms of blackthorns raises the question of inter-individual differences in the nutritional composition of plants. We discovered differences in nutritional composition between browsed (dwarf) and unbrowsed (tree-like) blackthorns that might explain the individual plant-related drivers of deer food preferences. The leaves of browsed blackthorns contained higher concentrations of C, N, P and Cu but lower levels of Ca and Mg than unbrowsed ones. Moreover, browsed blackthorns had a higher water content and higher concentrations of insoluble proteins, chlorophylls and carotenoids. The nutritional characteristics of an individual plant may explain the observed food selection pattern, leading to the unhindered growth of a fraction of the blackthorn population, in spite of severe pressure on the part of ungulate herbivores. The results underline the important role of herbivores in the dynamics of plant communities, in which ungulates may mediate the persistence of certain individuals of a given species.

有蹄类动物对温带森林植被的影响已经研究了很长时间。许多关于食物选择的研究已经确定了大型食草动物偏好的美味植物物种。然而，种内食物选择和为什么特定物种的特定植物在觅食过程中被忽略的问题一直被忽视。生长在废弃牧场上的黑刺是鹿的重要食物。在鹿群密集的地区，每年的嫩枝啃食会产生矮灌木状的黑刺。然而，有些黑刺不被有蹄类动物啃食（抵抗或逃避食草动物的控制），呈树状。黑刺独特的、依赖于食物的生长形式的存在提出了植物营养成分个体间差异的问题。我们发现了被浏览过的黑刺（矮刺）和未被浏览过的黑刺（树状黑刺）之间营养成分的差异，这可能解释了鹿食物偏好的个体植物相关驱动因素。与未啃食黑刺相比，啃食黑刺叶片中C、N、P和Cu的含量较高，而Ca和Mg的含量较低。此外，黑刺的含水量和不溶性蛋白质、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的浓度较高。单个植物的营养特性可以解释观察到的食物选择模式，导致黑刺李种群的一部分不受阻碍地生长，尽管有蹄类食草动物的压力很大。这些结果强调了食草动物在植物群落动态中的重要作用，其中有蹄类动物可能介导特定物种某些个体的持久性。

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引用次数: 0

Trophic response of brown trout to signal crayfish invasion in a protected mountain river 在受保护的山区河流中，褐鳟对小龙虾入侵信号的营养反应

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104135

Matilde Matos , Amílcar Teixeira , António B. Nogueira , Janeide Padilha , Ronaldo Sousa

We investigated the dietary response of brown trout (Salmo trutta) to the invasion of the signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) in the Baceiro River (Montesinho Natural Park, Portugal). We analyzed 1012 stomach contents across six sites (five invaded and one non-invaded) over the year of 2023. A total of 49 distinct dietary taxa were identified. Results reveal strong spatial and temporal variation in trout diets. While aquatic invertebrates (e.g., Baetidae, Heptageniidae, Simuliidae, oligochaetes, and signal crayfish) dominated in the spring and early summer, a shift toward terrestrial insects was observed during summer. Generalized Linear Models indicated that signal crayfish biomass significantly influenced prey richness, biomass, and diversity, while multivariate analyses confirmed distinct prey assemblages across space and time. Our study also showed that signal crayfish were consumed occasionally (2.09 % of all prey items) but accounted for 17.68 % of total prey biomass. This situation suggests limited, but non-negligible, trophic incorporation of the invasive crayfish on the brown trout diet, with possible implications for brown trout condition and food web structure. This study highlights the dynamic nature of trophic interactions following biological invasions and underscores the need for integrated management strategies to mitigate the impacts of P. leniusculus in protected freshwater ecosystems.

在葡萄牙蒙特西尼奥自然公园（Montesinho Natural Park, Portugal）的Baceiro河中，研究了褐鳟（Salmo trutta）对信号小龙虾（Pacifastacus leniusculus）入侵的饮食反应。我们分析了2023年6个地点（5个入侵和1个非入侵）的1012个胃内容物。共鉴定出49个不同的膳食分类群。结果显示，鳟鱼的饮食有很强的时空差异。在春季和初夏，水生无脊椎动物（如贝蚊科、七鳃蝇科、拟蝇科、寡毛纲和信号小龙虾）占主导地位，而夏季则向陆生昆虫转移。广义线性模型表明，信号小龙虾生物量显著影响猎物丰富度、生物量和多样性，而多变量分析证实了不同时空的猎物组合差异。信号小龙虾偶尔被捕食（占全部猎物的2.09%），但占总猎物生物量的17.68%。这种情况表明，入侵小龙虾对褐鳟饮食的营养结合是有限的，但不可忽视，可能对褐鳟的状况和食物网结构产生影响。本研究强调了生物入侵后营养相互作用的动态性质，并强调了综合管理策略的必要性，以减轻对受保护的淡水生态系统的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of latitudinal gradient on plant mite communities: disentangling the role of environmental and spatial processes on predators and phytophagous mites 纬度梯度对植物螨群落的影响：环境和空间过程对捕食者和植食性螨的影响

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104133

Tainá J. Antunes , Elfany R.N. Lopes , Felipe M. Nuvoloni

Species richness patterns and spatial distribution result from processes acting under dispersal and niche-based mechanisms, whose relative influence on community structuring may vary with study scale. The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) represents one of the most widespread patterns in nature, although some groups, such as mites, have shown inconsistent responses to its underlying predictions. Based on data on mites associated with rubber trees Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) in Brazil, our objective was to assess the impact of environmental and spatial factors on species diversity, specifically focusing on predators and phytophagous mite functional groups across a latitudinal gradient. Mite communities were sampled at 55 locations across four phytoecological regions. Species richness was analyzed according to environmental characteristics and spatial coordinates as explanatory variables. The LDG demonstrated a significant positive correlation for predatory mites, however, this pattern was not observed for phytophagous mites, likely due to their inherent association with the host plant, surpassing the influence of other processes. Spatial scale played a crucial role in shaping the composition of both groups, with a particularly strong influence on predators. Environmental factors, such as precipitation and forest formation, exhibited a more pronounced relationship with predators. Richness and composition of both groups varied across phytoecological regions. The functional approach further revealed variations in the relative influence of spatial and environmental processes, with predators responding mainly to abiotic drivers, including climatic and landscape factors, and exhibiting a latitudinal distribution pattern, while phytophagous mites appeared more influenced by biotic interactions with the host plant.

物种丰富度格局和空间分布是分散机制和生态位机制作用的结果，它们对群落结构的相对影响随研究规模的不同而不同。纬度多样性梯度（LDG）是自然界中最普遍的模式之一，尽管一些类群，如螨虫，对其潜在的预测表现出不一致的反应。基于橡胶树巴西橡胶树螨的相关数据。参数。（Euphorbiaceae），我们的目的是评估环境和空间因素对物种多样性的影响，特别关注跨纬度梯度的捕食者和植食性螨的功能群。在四个植物生态区的55个地点取样螨群落。物种丰富度以环境特征和空间坐标为解释变量进行分析。LDG在掠食性螨中表现出显著的正相关，但在植食性螨中没有观察到这种模式，这可能是由于它们与寄主植物的内在联系，超过了其他过程的影响。空间尺度在形成这两个群体的组成中起着至关重要的作用，对捕食者的影响尤其强烈。环境因素，如降水和森林形成，与捕食者的关系更为明显。两类植物的丰富度和组成在不同的植物生态区域存在差异。功能分析进一步揭示了空间和环境过程的相对影响差异，捕食者主要响应包括气候和景观因素在内的非生物驱动因素，并呈现纬度分布格局，而植食性螨则更多地受到与寄主植物的生物相互作用的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Adaptive reproductive ecology of Inula racemosa and Inula royleana: Implications for conservation in a changing Himalayan Landscape 总状菊和royleana的适应性生殖生态学：在变化的喜马拉雅景观中的保护意义

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104132

Peerzada Arshid Shabir , Irshad Ahmad Nawchoo , Aijaz Ahmad Wani

Understanding reproductive ecology is essential for predicting species responses to environmental change, particularly in biodiversity hotspots experiencing rapid climatic shifts. This study investigates the reproductive biology of two species, Inula racemosa and Inula royleana, endemic to distinct altitudinal gradients in the Kashmir Himalaya. We examined population structure, phenological traits, pollination biology, and breeding systems to assess the influence of environmental variables on reproductive success.

Inula racemosa, a subalpine species, exhibited a mixed mating system with moderate autonomous selfing (seed set >28 %), providing reproductive assurance under fluctuating pollinator availability. In contrast, the alpine species I. royleana was strictly xenogamous, producing seeds only through cross-pollination and showing high pollen limitation (PPL = 29.28), indicating strong reliance on pollinators. Population assessments revealed recruitment bottlenecks and skewed size-class distributions in I. racemosa, likely due to overharvesting and habitat degradation. In comparison, I. royleana maintained stable density and a more balanced demographic structure, reflecting successful regeneration.

Phenological monitoring showed earlier and longer flowering in I. racemosa, while I. royleana had compressed flowering and lower synchrony (Z = 0.38–0.54). I. racemosa attracted a broader pollinator assemblage, including Apis mellifera, Bombus, and Xylocopa, whereas I. royleana was mainly visited by cold-adapted Bombus and Dialictus spp

These contrasting strategies reflect adaptation to elevation-specific conditions and highlight the need for species-targeted conservation strategies under climate change.

了解生殖生态学对于预测物种对环境变化的反应至关重要，特别是在经历快速气候变化的生物多样性热点地区。本文研究了克什米尔喜马拉雅地区不同海拔梯度特有的两种Inula racemosa和Inula royleana的生殖生物学。我们研究了种群结构、物候特征、传粉生物学和繁殖系统，以评估环境变量对繁殖成功的影响。总状菊是亚高山种，具有中等程度的自交率（结实率>； 28%），为在传粉者可用性波动下的繁殖提供了保证。相比之下，高山种I. royleana是严格的异种交配，仅通过异花授粉产生种子，花粉限制高（PPL = 29.28），表明对传粉者的依赖性强。种群评估显示，总状花的繁殖存在瓶颈，大小类分布存在偏差，这可能是由于过度采伐和栖息地退化造成的。相比之下，I. royleana保持了稳定的密度和更平衡的人口结构，反映了成功的再生。物候监测结果显示，总状花开花时间较早，开花时间较长，而罗氏花开花时间较短，同花期较低（Z = 0.38 ~ 0.54）。总状花吸引了广泛的传粉昆虫组合，包括蜜蜂、Bombus和Xylocopa，而royleana主要是冷适应的Bombus和Dialictus spp .这些对比的策略反映了对海拔特定条件的适应，突出了气候变化下物种保护策略的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of the marine macroalgae communities on different coastal sandstone reefs in Northeast Brazil: seasonal variations and dominance of opportunistic algae 巴西东北部不同海岸砂岩礁上海洋大型藻类群落的评估：季节变化和机会藻类的优势

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104131

Vitor Ricardo de Souza , Edson Régis Tavares Pessoa Pinho de Vasconcelos , Juliane Bernardi Vasconcelos , Adilma de Lourdes Montenegro Cocentino , José Souto Rosa Filho

The growing and disorderly occupation of coastal areas are the principal environmental problems on the Brazilian coast. To understand the effects of these impacts, and their seasonal changes, on the local biodiversity, macroalgal communities were sampled in coastal reefs in areas with varying levels of occupation on the tropical coast of Brazil. Non-destructive sampling was conducted in Pina, Enseada dos Corais e Toquinho (Pernambuco) in the rainy and dry seasons of 2021 and 2022. Low species richness and a high abundance of opportunistic algae such as Gelidium, Ulva, and Chondracanthus acicularis were recorded in Pina, the area more densely populated and that produces more sewage residuals. This area also had lower species richness and coverage (<1 %) of brown algae than Enseada dos Corais and Toquinho, which have fewer inhabitants and produce less sewage. The latter areas were relatively species-rich and dominated by Palisada perforata and Sargassum sp. Significant seasonal changes were recorded in the structure of communities, with higher species richness and macroalgal coverage in the dry season. The results of this study reinforce the potential of using macroalgae communities in monitoring programs to assess the effects of coastal occupation in tropical coastal areas, which are still poorly understood.

对沿海地区日益增长和无序的占领是巴西沿海地区的主要环境问题。为了了解这些影响及其季节变化对当地生物多样性的影响，在巴西热带海岸不同程度被占领的地区的沿海珊瑚礁中取样了大型藻类群落。在2021年和2022年的雨季和旱季，在Pina， Enseada dos Corais e Toquinho （Pernambuco）进行了非破坏性采样。物种丰富度较低，而条件藻类如Gelidium、Ulva、Chondracanthus acacularis的丰度较高，该地区人口密度较大，产生的污水残留物较多。该地区褐藻物种丰富度和覆盖率（1%）也低于居民较少、污水排放量较少的Enseada dos Corais和Toquinho地区。后者以穿孔藻和马尾藻为主，物种相对丰富。群落结构季节性变化明显，物种丰富度和大藻盖度在旱季较高。这项研究的结果加强了在监测项目中使用大型藻类群落的潜力，以评估热带沿海地区海岸占领的影响，这一点仍然知之甚少。

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引用次数: 0

Niche partitioning in scorpions across neotropical dry-wet forests: an intra- and interspecific analysis 新热带干湿森林中蝎子的生态位划分：种内和种间分析

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Acta Oecologica-International Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2025.104134

André Felipe de Araujo Lira

Understanding spatial niche partitioning can provide useful insights into habitat use, especially in predator assemblages. This study investigated the spatial niche partitioning of scorpion assemblages along a dry-wet bioclimatic gradient in northeastern Brazil, encompassing the Atlantic Forest and two types of Caatinga ecosystems. Using microhabitat presence-absence data from 2692 specimens collected at 20 sites, were quantified niche volumes and overlaps through principal component analysis and kernel density estimation. Results showed that dominant species such as Ananteris mauryi and Tityus pusillus exhibit large niche volumes in the Atlantic Forest, while species distributions and niche breadth vary notably between hypoxerophytic and hyperxerophytic Caatinga. Intraspecific niche overlap was generally high for widely distributed species, reflecting behavioral plasticity and ecological adaptability. Conversely, species with specialized microhabitats exhibited lower niche overlap, indicating niche differentiation. Interspecific overlap varied with ecosystem complexity; high overlaps likely facilitate coexistence through spatial segregation and avoidance of intraguild predation. These findings emphasize the role of microhabitat availability and species ecological traits in shaping niche dynamics, contributing to species coexistence along environmental gradients. The study underscores the importance of habitat heterogeneity for maintaining scorpion diversity and informs conservation efforts aimed at protecting Neotropical dry and wet forest ecosystems.

了解空间生态位划分可以为栖息地的利用提供有用的见解，特别是在捕食者组合中。研究了巴西东北部大西洋森林和两种Caatinga生态系统中蝎子群落沿干湿气候梯度的空间生态位分布。利用20个站点2692个标本的微生境有无数据，通过主成分分析和核密度估算，量化了生态位体积和重叠度。结果表明，大西洋森林中优势种毛毛Ananteris mauryi和Tityus pusillus具有较大的生态位体积，而低旱生和高旱生Caatinga的物种分布和生态位宽度存在显著差异。分布广泛的物种种内生态位重叠度普遍较高，反映了行为的可塑性和生态适应性。相反，具有特殊微生境的物种的生态位重叠度较低，表明生态位分化。种间重叠随生态系统复杂性的变化而变化；高度重叠可能通过空间隔离和避免内部捕食而促进共存。这些发现强调了微生境可利用性和物种生态特征在生态位动态形成中的作用，有助于物种沿环境梯度共存。该研究强调了栖息地异质性对维持蝎子多样性的重要性，并为保护新热带干湿森林生态系统提供了信息。

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引用次数: 0