Arabinoxylan (AX) is the major hemicellulose in grass cell walls as a component of lignocellulosic biomass with the highest abundance and yield on terrestrial land area. AX is an obstacle for biomass saccharification as the structural polysaccharides linked to lignin from the supporting tissues like culm and sheath of the grass energy crops, while it has immunomodulatory and prebiotic functions as the dietary fibers from cereal grains. AX is thus interesting from two points of view: the use of a carbon-neutral and renewable energy resource and the use of a healthy functional polysaccharide like barley β-glucan. Elucidation of its fine structures and biosynthetic mechanisms contributes the field evaluation of energy crops and cereal cultivars, as well as for functional food developments. This review outlines the current research status of the chemical structure and biosynthetic mechanism of AX, together with the development of its use as a health-functional polysaccharide.
{"title":"Recent Advances in Research on the Biosynthetic Pathways of Arabinoxylan and Its Health Functionality","authors":"Shiro Suzuki, Seichi Suzuki, Kouki Yoshida","doi":"10.4052/tigg.2116.1e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4052/tigg.2116.1e","url":null,"abstract":"Arabinoxylan (AX) is the major hemicellulose in grass cell walls as a component of lignocellulosic biomass with the highest abundance and yield on terrestrial land area. AX is an obstacle for biomass saccharification as the structural polysaccharides linked to lignin from the supporting tissues like culm and sheath of the grass energy crops, while it has immunomodulatory and prebiotic functions as the dietary fibers from cereal grains. AX is thus interesting from two points of view: the use of a carbon-neutral and renewable energy resource and the use of a healthy functional polysaccharide like barley β-glucan. Elucidation of its fine structures and biosynthetic mechanisms contributes the field evaluation of energy crops and cereal cultivars, as well as for functional food developments. This review outlines the current research status of the chemical structure and biosynthetic mechanism of AX, together with the development of its use as a health-functional polysaccharide.","PeriodicalId":55609,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135770973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a glycoRNA Detection Tool and Biological Roles of glycoRNA","authors":"Haruhiko Fujihira","doi":"10.4052/tigg.2326.6e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4052/tigg.2326.6e","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55609,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135859182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Motoko Takahashi, N. Fujitani, Y. Uehara, Y. Hasegawa
{"title":"受容体型チロシンキナーゼの部位特異的N型糖鎖解析","authors":"Motoko Takahashi, N. Fujitani, Y. Uehara, Y. Hasegawa","doi":"10.4052/tigg.2212.1j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4052/tigg.2212.1j","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55609,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43988087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AlphaFillはAlphaFoldモデルにリガンドやコファクターを補完する","authors":"N. Manabe","doi":"10.4052/tigg.2316.6j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4052/tigg.2316.6j","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55609,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43561373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ヒトノイラミニダーゼ1と関連する疾患","authors":"Jun Tsukimoto, Kohji Itoh","doi":"10.4052/tigg.2210.1j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4052/tigg.2210.1j","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55609,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44436298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Motoko Takahashi, N. Fujitani, Y. Uehara, Y. Hasegawa
{"title":"Site-specific Analysis of N-glycans of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases","authors":"Motoko Takahashi, N. Fujitani, Y. Uehara, Y. Hasegawa","doi":"10.4052/tigg.2212.1e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4052/tigg.2212.1e","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55609,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43830130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human Neuraminidase 1 and Related Diseases","authors":"Jun Tsukimoto, K. Itoh","doi":"10.4052/tigg.2210.1e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4052/tigg.2210.1e","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55609,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49459171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AlphaFill: Docking Ligands and Cofactors into AlphaFold Models","authors":"N. Manabe","doi":"10.4052/tigg.2316.6e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4052/tigg.2316.6e","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55609,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47626561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Target-Specific <i>O</i>-linked <i>N</i>-acetylglucosamine Modification with a Dual-Specificity Aptamer Reveals Functions of <i>O</i>-GlcNAcylation in <i>β</i>-catenin","authors":"Haruki Odaka","doi":"10.4052/tigg.2309.6e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4052/tigg.2309.6e","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55609,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology","volume":"267 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134996417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular Aspects of Cancer-associated Glycans in Gliomas","authors":"Yuki Ohkawa","doi":"10.4052/tigg.2306.2j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4052/tigg.2306.2j","url":null,"abstract":"哺乳類細胞は多種多様な糖鎖を発現しており、その発現パターンは糖転移酵素やその基質、糖分解酵素などによって厳密に制御されている。しかし、病変部においてはしばしば、糖鎖発現制御機構に異常が生じ、正常ではみられない糖鎖が発現する。特にがんにおいては、それら糖鎖の異所的な発現が同定され、その幾つかはバイオマーカーとして利用される一方で、治療標的として研究されている。本稿では著者とその研究グループがこれまでに明らかにしてきたガングリオシドGD3およびヘパラン硫酸グリコサミノグリカンの、グリオーマにおける悪性形質増強に寄与する分子機能を紹介する。","PeriodicalId":55609,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134996418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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