Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1177/15588661221097707
K. Rougeau, K. S. Sakyi, C. Piletic
The purpose of this study was to evaluate college students’ inclusivity and openness for modifications made for those with physical disabilities in intramural sport. Participants were 268 students from two midwestern universities. Attitudes toward inclusivity and modification were assessed using the Collegian Attitudes toward Inclusive Recreation (CAICR) Scale. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results show that positive attitudes toward inclusivity increased as students got older, and male students were less likely to be inclusive compared to female students. Students majoring in education and human services fields had more positive attitudes toward inclusion than those in arts and sciences fields did. Being a non-traditional student was the only and strongest predictor of less positive attitudes toward modification. Findings demonstrate that students in the two midwestern colleges may have welcoming attitudes toward individuals with physical disabilities in intramural sports; however, they may be less willing to make modifications, particularly among non-traditional students.
{"title":"Inclusivity & Modification Attitudes in Collegiate Intramural Sport: A Pilot Study","authors":"K. Rougeau, K. S. Sakyi, C. Piletic","doi":"10.1177/15588661221097707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15588661221097707","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate college students’ inclusivity and openness for modifications made for those with physical disabilities in intramural sport. Participants were 268 students from two midwestern universities. Attitudes toward inclusivity and modification were assessed using the Collegian Attitudes toward Inclusive Recreation (CAICR) Scale. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results show that positive attitudes toward inclusivity increased as students got older, and male students were less likely to be inclusive compared to female students. Students majoring in education and human services fields had more positive attitudes toward inclusion than those in arts and sciences fields did. Being a non-traditional student was the only and strongest predictor of less positive attitudes toward modification. Findings demonstrate that students in the two midwestern colleges may have welcoming attitudes toward individuals with physical disabilities in intramural sports; however, they may be less willing to make modifications, particularly among non-traditional students.","PeriodicalId":55615,"journal":{"name":"Recreational Sports Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"141 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49509688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-13DOI: 10.1177/15588661221089340
Oliver W A Wilson, Samantha L. Powers, Melissa Bopp
Given continued physical activity disparities among college students based on gender identity, race, and sexual orientation, it is important to identify policies and practices to support more equitable physical activity participation opportunities. This mixed-methods study examined perceptions of equity policies and practices among North American campus recreation staff (n = 254). Institution and staff characteristics along with department values, existence of written policies, and perceptions of current and potential equity policies/practices were collected via an online survey in November 2020. Quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and importance-performance analysis; qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analyses. Findings indicate an apparent disconnect between campus recreation departments’ stated values and written policies, and reveal gaps between perceived importance and performance of equity priorities. However, qualitative responses included many promising equity practices which could help facilitate physical activity participation for all students through creation of an inclusive, safe, and welcoming environment for diverse student populations.
{"title":"Policies and Practices for Equity: Perspectives of Campus Recreation Staff in North America","authors":"Oliver W A Wilson, Samantha L. Powers, Melissa Bopp","doi":"10.1177/15588661221089340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15588661221089340","url":null,"abstract":"Given continued physical activity disparities among college students based on gender identity, race, and sexual orientation, it is important to identify policies and practices to support more equitable physical activity participation opportunities. This mixed-methods study examined perceptions of equity policies and practices among North American campus recreation staff (n = 254). Institution and staff characteristics along with department values, existence of written policies, and perceptions of current and potential equity policies/practices were collected via an online survey in November 2020. Quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and importance-performance analysis; qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analyses. Findings indicate an apparent disconnect between campus recreation departments’ stated values and written policies, and reveal gaps between perceived importance and performance of equity priorities. However, qualitative responses included many promising equity practices which could help facilitate physical activity participation for all students through creation of an inclusive, safe, and welcoming environment for diverse student populations.","PeriodicalId":55615,"journal":{"name":"Recreational Sports Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"152 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46116050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-27DOI: 10.1177/15588661221097701
John J. Miller, J. Croft
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, university and college student enrollment has decreased by slightly more than 5% from fall 2019 to the present. While previous studies have revealed that student involvement in recreation center activities increases return and retention at college campuses, are these results still true during the COVID-19 pandemic? The results indicated that students agreed they returned and planned to remain at the university due to a sense of belonging created from involvement in recreation center activities. The results also revealed significant relationships between underclassmen and a sense of belonging from participating in recreation center activities. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is estimated that universities may lose between $17-$30 billion by 2025. From an applied viewpoint, the results offer information for university administrators to better understand how a student recreation center may attract and retain students during this unstable time in the United States higher education.
{"title":"The Influence of University Recreation Centers on Student Return and Retention during COVID-19","authors":"John J. Miller, J. Croft","doi":"10.1177/15588661221097701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15588661221097701","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, university and college student enrollment has decreased by slightly more than 5% from fall 2019 to the present. While previous studies have revealed that student involvement in recreation center activities increases return and retention at college campuses, are these results still true during the COVID-19 pandemic? The results indicated that students agreed they returned and planned to remain at the university due to a sense of belonging created from involvement in recreation center activities. The results also revealed significant relationships between underclassmen and a sense of belonging from participating in recreation center activities. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is estimated that universities may lose between $17-$30 billion by 2025. From an applied viewpoint, the results offer information for university administrators to better understand how a student recreation center may attract and retain students during this unstable time in the United States higher education.","PeriodicalId":55615,"journal":{"name":"Recreational Sports Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48572675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1177/15588661221077696
Zachary Beldon, Joseph T. Walker, J. Collins
Students that wish to participate in organized intercollegiate sports programs in college face two options, club sports or varsity sports. Although both options allow for students to compete against students from other institutions, the structure and experiences of both programs is drastically different. This study aims to compare club athletes and varsity athletes on their perceptions of their coach's behaviors and the influence those behaviors have on sportsmanship development, and to identify the differences between the two sport types and the social development outcomes that are commonly associated with sports participation. The results of this study show that the assessed coaching behaviors were more predictive within varsity athletes than club athletes, and that club athletes rated wanting to develop a new skill and be physically active as more important in their participation than it was for varsity athletes.
{"title":"Comparison of the Development of Character and Skills between Club and Varsity Athletes","authors":"Zachary Beldon, Joseph T. Walker, J. Collins","doi":"10.1177/15588661221077696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15588661221077696","url":null,"abstract":"Students that wish to participate in organized intercollegiate sports programs in college face two options, club sports or varsity sports. Although both options allow for students to compete against students from other institutions, the structure and experiences of both programs is drastically different. This study aims to compare club athletes and varsity athletes on their perceptions of their coach's behaviors and the influence those behaviors have on sportsmanship development, and to identify the differences between the two sport types and the social development outcomes that are commonly associated with sports participation. The results of this study show that the assessed coaching behaviors were more predictive within varsity athletes than club athletes, and that club athletes rated wanting to develop a new skill and be physically active as more important in their participation than it was for varsity athletes.","PeriodicalId":55615,"journal":{"name":"Recreational Sports Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"105 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49302261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1177/15588661211047595
Nathan Williams
Racial intolerance and violence in the United States, and on college campuses specifically, has created a dire need for universities to bridge gaps between students of diverse backgrounds and beliefs. Campus recreation programs offer promising environments for students from diverse identities to engage with each other and learn about peers, while increasing their openness to diversity. Despite this potential, little is known about how students engage with diversity in recreation contexts. This phenomenological study uncovered the experiences of students attending diversity-focused outdoor adventure trips and examined the facets of this recreation environment that contributed to engagement with diverse peers. Campus recreation administrators can use these findings to consider parallel experiences throughout recreation programs that can bring students from diverse backgrounds together.
{"title":"Exploring Outdoor Recreation Activities as a Facilitator for College Student Diversity Experiences","authors":"Nathan Williams","doi":"10.1177/15588661211047595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15588661211047595","url":null,"abstract":"Racial intolerance and violence in the United States, and on college campuses specifically, has created a dire need for universities to bridge gaps between students of diverse backgrounds and beliefs. Campus recreation programs offer promising environments for students from diverse identities to engage with each other and learn about peers, while increasing their openness to diversity. Despite this potential, little is known about how students engage with diversity in recreation contexts. This phenomenological study uncovered the experiences of students attending diversity-focused outdoor adventure trips and examined the facets of this recreation environment that contributed to engagement with diverse peers. Campus recreation administrators can use these findings to consider parallel experiences throughout recreation programs that can bring students from diverse backgrounds together.","PeriodicalId":55615,"journal":{"name":"Recreational Sports Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"42 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41902076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1177/15588661211068502
K. Howard, J. Bocarro, M. Floyd, Heather Sanderson
Research shows that collegiate recreation contributes to a greater sense of campus belonging for undergraduate students. Few studies, however, have examined the recreational interests of Black undergraduate students attending four-year colleges and universities. As part of a study comparing recreational preferences of Black and White students attending historically White institutions, 150 Black and 154 White undergraduate students were surveyed related to their interest in 27 recreational activities. Significant differences existed in several categories, but overall interest in outdoor recreation among Black undergraduate students was higher than expected, compared to prior literature. Moreover, findings were notable in several sport activities when comparing gender differences. Results support the notion that social, psychological, and institutional barriers exist that limit recreational involvement for certain groups. Findings may be useful for collegiate recreation professionals looking to promote sport and outdoor opportunities for undergraduate students of color on college campuses in the U.S.
{"title":"Promoting Recreational Interests of Black Undergraduate Students Attending Historically White Institutions","authors":"K. Howard, J. Bocarro, M. Floyd, Heather Sanderson","doi":"10.1177/15588661211068502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15588661211068502","url":null,"abstract":"Research shows that collegiate recreation contributes to a greater sense of campus belonging for undergraduate students. Few studies, however, have examined the recreational interests of Black undergraduate students attending four-year colleges and universities. As part of a study comparing recreational preferences of Black and White students attending historically White institutions, 150 Black and 154 White undergraduate students were surveyed related to their interest in 27 recreational activities. Significant differences existed in several categories, but overall interest in outdoor recreation among Black undergraduate students was higher than expected, compared to prior literature. Moreover, findings were notable in several sport activities when comparing gender differences. Results support the notion that social, psychological, and institutional barriers exist that limit recreational involvement for certain groups. Findings may be useful for collegiate recreation professionals looking to promote sport and outdoor opportunities for undergraduate students of color on college campuses in the U.S.","PeriodicalId":55615,"journal":{"name":"Recreational Sports Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"52 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49195780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1177/15588661221086212
Lindsey R. Oakes, Jeffrey J. Milroy, Scott George, Ashlyn Smith
Recreation and sports participation can produce social health benefits for college students with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD). Despite growing numbers of college students with IDD on college campuses, literature exploring inclusion within campus recreation and sports is limited. To understand how students with IDD have been, desire to be, and can be meaningfully included in campus recreation and sports, experiences of students with IDD (N = 33), and the experiences and attitudes of students without IDD (N = 260) were examined. A mixed methods study design, including web-based surveys and semi-structured interviews, was used to collect data from participants at three American universities. Results of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and thematic analysis revealed a critical need to examine these students’ inclusion within campus life at large.
{"title":"Examining Campus Recreation and Sports Experiences of College Students with Intellectual and/or Developmental Disabilities (IDD) and Attitudes of College Students Without IDD: A Special Olympics Unified Sports ® Study","authors":"Lindsey R. Oakes, Jeffrey J. Milroy, Scott George, Ashlyn Smith","doi":"10.1177/15588661221086212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15588661221086212","url":null,"abstract":"Recreation and sports participation can produce social health benefits for college students with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD). Despite growing numbers of college students with IDD on college campuses, literature exploring inclusion within campus recreation and sports is limited. To understand how students with IDD have been, desire to be, and can be meaningfully included in campus recreation and sports, experiences of students with IDD (N = 33), and the experiences and attitudes of students without IDD (N = 260) were examined. A mixed methods study design, including web-based surveys and semi-structured interviews, was used to collect data from participants at three American universities. Results of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and thematic analysis revealed a critical need to examine these students’ inclusion within campus life at large.","PeriodicalId":55615,"journal":{"name":"Recreational Sports Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"78 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48330476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1177/15588661221077690
Mina Woo, Incheol Jang, Yun Chang
Research on the experience of campus recreation participants has been studied extensively. However, scholars have paid relatively little attention to employees of campus recreation. This study examined the relationship between Sense of Community (SOC) and job satisfaction of employees in Campus Recreation Center (CRC), and the impact of demographic information, including job classification and tenure, on the levels of their SOC and job satisfaction. Survey data were collected from CRC employees, including student employees, graduate assistants, part-time and full-time employees. Results indicated a positive relationship between SOC and job satisfaction that employees experienced. Even though results did not suggest the influence of employee's job classification and tenure on the levels of SOC and job satisfaction, it was found that job classification influenced three of nine factors of job satisfaction (e.g., fringe benefits, operating conditions, and coworker).
{"title":"The Relationship Between Sense of Community and Job Satisfaction Among Campus Recreation Center Employees","authors":"Mina Woo, Incheol Jang, Yun Chang","doi":"10.1177/15588661221077690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15588661221077690","url":null,"abstract":"Research on the experience of campus recreation participants has been studied extensively. However, scholars have paid relatively little attention to employees of campus recreation. This study examined the relationship between Sense of Community (SOC) and job satisfaction of employees in Campus Recreation Center (CRC), and the impact of demographic information, including job classification and tenure, on the levels of their SOC and job satisfaction. Survey data were collected from CRC employees, including student employees, graduate assistants, part-time and full-time employees. Results indicated a positive relationship between SOC and job satisfaction that employees experienced. Even though results did not suggest the influence of employee's job classification and tenure on the levels of SOC and job satisfaction, it was found that job classification influenced three of nine factors of job satisfaction (e.g., fringe benefits, operating conditions, and coworker).","PeriodicalId":55615,"journal":{"name":"Recreational Sports Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"95 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43452816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1177/15588661211052077
Samantha L. Powers, Oliver W A Wilson, Melissa Bopp
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the operation and availability of campus recreation services at North American colleges and universities. This study examined the challenges faced and solutions implemented by campus recreation departments as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of campus recreation staff from across North America. Institution and staff characteristics along with challenges and solutions were collected from 174 campus recreation department staff via an online survey in November 2020. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analyses. As a result of the pandemic, campus recreation departments have experienced challenges regarding finances, staffing, student engagement, and health and safety. To address these challenges, departments have limited facility access and capacity, reduced spending, adjusted staffing levels and responsibilities, transitioned to virtual or modified in-person programming, leveraged intrauniversity collaborations, and implemented new health and safety protocols. Solutions have the potential to help institutions meet the needs of students during the pandemic and beyond. Virtual programming and reservation systems may be especially useful post-pandemic, and lessons learned regarding multi-faceted COVID-19 policy enforcement could help advance compliance with other policies, such as harassment.
{"title":"Challenges Faced and Solutions Implemented in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic among North American College Campus Recreation Staff","authors":"Samantha L. Powers, Oliver W A Wilson, Melissa Bopp","doi":"10.1177/15588661211052077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15588661211052077","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the operation and availability of campus recreation services at North American colleges and universities. This study examined the challenges faced and solutions implemented by campus recreation departments as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of campus recreation staff from across North America. Institution and staff characteristics along with challenges and solutions were collected from 174 campus recreation department staff via an online survey in November 2020. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analyses. As a result of the pandemic, campus recreation departments have experienced challenges regarding finances, staffing, student engagement, and health and safety. To address these challenges, departments have limited facility access and capacity, reduced spending, adjusted staffing levels and responsibilities, transitioned to virtual or modified in-person programming, leveraged intrauniversity collaborations, and implemented new health and safety protocols. Solutions have the potential to help institutions meet the needs of students during the pandemic and beyond. Virtual programming and reservation systems may be especially useful post-pandemic, and lessons learned regarding multi-faceted COVID-19 policy enforcement could help advance compliance with other policies, such as harassment.","PeriodicalId":55615,"journal":{"name":"Recreational Sports Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"3 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45012525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.1177/15588661221086344
Leeann M. Lower-Hoppe, A. Farrell, R. Barcelona, Shea M. Brgoch, Chad Lowe, Domonique Dunn
The COVID-19 pandemic caused most collegiate recreation facilities and programs to shut down to slow the spread of the virus. Public health guidelines from the state/province, federal, and global level have inundated recreation professionals with messaging to inform reopening strategies. Rasmussen’s risk management framework served as a guide to explore the stakeholders, decisions, and environmental conditions influencing COVID-19 reopening plans and policies in collegiate recreation. A case study of four collegiate recreation departments was conducted, with document analysis employed to examine and interpret reopening plans. The findings highlight campus offices and leadership as major stakeholders in reopening guidelines; risk management decisions utilizing a phased reopening approach that emphasized screening, mask mandates, social distancing and touch points, equipment and floor plans, and cleaning; and communication as a critical environmental condition. Implications for collegiate recreation practitioners include strategies for decision making, dissemination of information, staff training, risk mitigation, and policy enforcement.
{"title":"Reopening Collegiate Recreation During COVID-19: A Case Study of Plans and Policies","authors":"Leeann M. Lower-Hoppe, A. Farrell, R. Barcelona, Shea M. Brgoch, Chad Lowe, Domonique Dunn","doi":"10.1177/15588661221086344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15588661221086344","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic caused most collegiate recreation facilities and programs to shut down to slow the spread of the virus. Public health guidelines from the state/province, federal, and global level have inundated recreation professionals with messaging to inform reopening strategies. Rasmussen’s risk management framework served as a guide to explore the stakeholders, decisions, and environmental conditions influencing COVID-19 reopening plans and policies in collegiate recreation. A case study of four collegiate recreation departments was conducted, with document analysis employed to examine and interpret reopening plans. The findings highlight campus offices and leadership as major stakeholders in reopening guidelines; risk management decisions utilizing a phased reopening approach that emphasized screening, mask mandates, social distancing and touch points, equipment and floor plans, and cleaning; and communication as a critical environmental condition. Implications for collegiate recreation practitioners include strategies for decision making, dissemination of information, staff training, risk mitigation, and policy enforcement.","PeriodicalId":55615,"journal":{"name":"Recreational Sports Journal","volume":"46 1","pages":"16 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45073692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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