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Are There Variations in Personality Traits Between Men and Women? The Evidence is from Indonesian Residents 男女人格特质是否存在差异?来自印度尼西亚居民的证据
Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.21776/ub.habitat.2024.035.1.10
F. Riana, Hery Toiba, Mohibbur Rahman
Non-cognitive skills, such as personality traits, play a vital role in various facets of human life due to their association with individual decision-making. However, personality traits can vary significantly among individuals globally, particularly between males and females. Hence, the primary objective of this study is to analyze the disparities in personality traits between men and women and to investigate how non-cognitive skills influence well-being. The study utilizes nationally representative data from Indonesia, encompassing 17,560 men and 18,825 women. Employing distinct mean t-tests and linear regression estimations, we observe that men tend to exhibit higher levels of openness, conscientiousness, and agreeableness in their personalities compared to women. Conversely, women demonstrate a propensity for higher level of extraversion and neuroticism. Moreover, our analysis reveals that male well-being is positively correlated with extraversion, while female well-being is linked to openness and extraversion traits. These findings underscore the significance of considering personality attributes in crafting economic development policies. Presently, policymakers in emerging nations like Indonesia heavily prioritize cognitive skills such as technical training and technological innovation. This study suggests that incorporating residents' non-cognitive talents into policy-making could potentially lead to enhanced achievements and progress.
人格特征等非认知技能由于与个人决策相关,在人类生活的各个方面发挥着重要作用。然而,在全球范围内,不同个体的人格特质会有很大差异,尤其是男性和女性之间。因此,本研究的主要目的是分析男性和女性在人格特质方面的差异,并探讨非认知技能如何影响幸福感。本研究采用了印度尼西亚具有全国代表性的数据,其中包括 17,560 名男性和 18,825 名女性。通过不同的均值 t 检验和线性回归估计,我们观察到,与女性相比,男性倾向于表现出更高水平的开放性、自觉性和合意性。相反,女性则倾向于表现出更高的外向性和神经质水平。此外,我们的分析表明,男性的幸福感与外向性呈正相关,而女性的幸福感则与开放性和外向性特征相关。这些发现强调了在制定经济发展政策时考虑个性特征的重要性。目前,印尼等新兴国家的政策制定者非常重视认知技能,如技术培训和技术创新。这项研究表明,将居民的非认知才能纳入政策制定,有可能会带来更大的成就和进步。
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引用次数: 0
Horticultural Farmer's Perceptions and Adaptations to Climate Change in East Java, Indonesia 印度尼西亚东爪哇园艺农民对气候变化的认识和适应性
Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.21776/ub.habitat.2024.035.1.11
Dita Atasa, Sri Widayanti, D. Laily, Hery Toiba
The agricultural sector highly vulnerable to the risks and impacts of global climate change. Horticultural farmers in East Java have experienced climate change, which is marked by a decrease in the level of productivity produced in recent years. This study aims to determine how farmers' perceptions of climate change and adaptation strategies are carried out. Data were collected through direct survey to horticultural farmers in Malang and Kediri Regencies, East Java. Data analysis was carried out descriptively, by describing the data that had been collected regarding the perception and adaptation of farmers. The results of the study shows that farmers have a high perception of climate change. Farmers' strategies in dealing with climate change include the adaptation by changing cropping patterns, changing plant varieties, changing plant types, changing fertilizer inputs, doing irrigation, and increasing knowledge and skills about agriculture.
农业部门极易受到全球气候变化的风险和影响。东爪哇的园艺农民经历了气候变化,其标志是近年来生产的生产力水平下降。本研究旨在确定农民对气候变化的看法以及如何实施适应战略。数据是通过直接调查东爪哇马朗和克迪里地区的园艺农民收集的。数据分析以描述性方式进行,对收集到的有关农民认知和适应的数据进行描述。研究结果表明,农民对气候变化的认知度较高。农民应对气候变化的策略包括通过改变种植模式、改变植物品种、改变植物类型、改变肥料投入、进行灌溉以及增加农业知识和技能来适应气候变化。
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引用次数: 0
The Application Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict an Indonesian Muslim Student’s Intention to Buy Halal Foods in Taiwan 应用计划行为理论预测印尼穆斯林学生在台湾购买清真食品的意向
Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.21776/ub.habitat.2024.035.1.8
Anang Nur Ardiyanto, Chun-Nan Lin, Silvana Maulidah, Moh. Shadiqur Rahman, Mohammad Ilyas Shaleh
There are many of foreign students who studying abroad are certainly present an opportunity in it self. Food business become one of the emerging opportunities yet have to address consumer needs. An international student who wants to buy food surely have their own criteria. It is not only about the type and taste of the food but also the other aspect that they need to pay attention the most related to the status of halal food for them who become a Muslim. Halal food are those any kinds of various foods that are  allowed to be eaten and drunk as long as it is suit with the provisions of Islamic law. This study uses Theory of Planned Behaviors to find out the best variables in predicting the purchase intention of halal foods in Taiwan specifically for an Indonesian Muslim students in Taiwan. Online questionnaire using Google Forms was used to predict for amount 342 an Indonesian Muslim students participate as the research sampling. This research used SEM PLS analysis using WarpPLS 7.0 software. For the result, Theory of Planned Behavior  able to be used as a variable to predict the level of purchase intention in halal foods. The Attitude and Subjective Norm has significant result yet the perceived behavioral control has strongly significant results. The last one is about the religiosity that could be used by examine the purchase intention for halal foods as an intervening or mediating variable for this research.
出国留学的外国学生人数众多,这本身就是一个机遇。食品业务已成为新兴商机之一,但必须满足消费者的需求。留学生购买食品肯定有自己的标准。这不仅与食品的种类和口味有关,而且他们最需要注意的另一个方面与穆斯林清真食品的地位有关。清真食品是指只要符合伊斯兰教法规定就可以食用和饮用的各种食品。本研究采用计划行为理论来找出预测台湾清真食品购买意向的最佳变量,特别是针对台湾的印尼穆斯林学生。本研究以 342 名印尼穆斯林学生为研究样本,使用谷歌表格进行在线问卷调查。本研究使用 WarpPLS 7.0 软件进行 SEM PLS 分析。结果表明,计划行为理论可作为预测清真食品购买意向水平的变量。态度和主观规范具有显著性结果,而感知行为控制具有强烈的显著性结果。最后一个变量是宗教信仰,它可以作为本研究的干预或中介变量,用于考察清真食品的购买意向。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Service Quality Relationship on Customer Loyalty at Legendary Restaurants R4 in Malang City 马兰市传奇餐厅 R4 的服务质量关系对客户忠诚度的影响
Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.21776/ub.habitat.2024.035.1.6
Sahrul Dwi Riyadi, Agustina Shinta H.W., Dwi Retno Andriani, Moch Alawy Syaiful Anam
Each region certainly has its own culinary specialties, as Malang City is a tourist city that has many culinary specialties and has been established for a long time with hereditary recipes such as legendary restaurants R4. Culinary of a region is one of the main attractions for tourists, especially with the brand image that has been built in the general public which makes legendary culinary in Malang worth visiting. However, intense competition in the restaurant industry is also experienced by legendary restaurants in Malang, so efforts are needed so that legendary restaurants can continue to compete, one of which is by paying attention to the service quality provided to consumers so that consumers become loyal. In addition to aspects of service quality, legendary restaurants also need to pay attention to aspects of customer satisfaction, customer delight, and brand image which can later help build consumer loyalty and make legendary restaurants in Malang able to compete. Therefore, this research is very important to do to find out how far the effect of service quality on customer loyalty is through customer satisfaction, customer delight, and the role of brand image in moderating. This research was analyzed using SEM-PLS with 100 respondents with age criteria >17 years and having visited at least 2 times. This research shows that the service quality provided by the four restaurants has a positive and significant role on customer satisfaction, customer delight, and customer loyalty because the quality of service provided by the four restaurants is considered good, besides that brand image is able to strengthen the relationship between service quality and customer loyalty. So it is necessary for legendary restaurants to improve the quality of their services in order to get loyalty from their consumers and be able to compete with new restaurants.
当然,每个地区都有自己的特色美食,如马朗城就是一个拥有许多特色美食的旅游城市,它的传奇餐厅 R4 等世代相传的菜谱由来已久。一个地区的美食是吸引游客的主要因素之一,尤其是在普通大众中树立的品牌形象,使得马朗的传奇美食值得一游。然而,马朗的传奇餐厅也经历了餐饮业的激烈竞争,因此需要努力使传奇餐厅能够继续参与竞争,其中之一就是重视为消费者提供的服务质量,从而使消费者成为忠诚的顾客。除了服务质量方面,传奇餐厅还需要关注顾客满意度、顾客喜悦度和品牌形象等方面,这有助于建立消费者忠诚度,使马朗的传奇餐厅能够在竞争中立于不败之地。因此,本研究非常有必要通过顾客满意度、顾客愉悦度和品牌形象的调节作用来了解服务质量对顾客忠诚度的影响程度。本研究使用 SEM-PLS 对 100 名年龄标准大于 17 岁且至少光顾过 2 次的受访者进行了分析。研究结果表明,四家餐厅提供的服务质量对顾客满意度、顾客愉悦度和顾客忠诚度有积极而显著的影响,因为四家餐厅提供的服务质量被认为是好的,此外,品牌形象能够加强服务质量与顾客忠诚度之间的关系。因此,传奇餐厅有必要提高其服务质量,以获得消费者的忠诚度,并能够与新餐厅竞争。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Farm Production Factors on The Income of Horticultural Farmers in East Java 农业生产因素对东爪哇园艺农民收入的影响
Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.21776/ub.habitat.2024.035.1.3
I. Pariasa, A. Hardana
In agricultural growth, the horticulture subsector holds a crucial place. However, one of the most common and productive challenges that farmers deal with is capital limits. Lack of financing is frequently cited as a barrier to addressing rising production costs and erratic commodities selling prices. Financing for factors of production becomes challenging as a result. This study aims to analyze the influence of farm production factors on the income of horticultural farmers in East Java. Data collection was conducted in two locations, namely Wonomulyo Village, Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency, and Pacet Village, Pacet District, Mojokerto Regency. These two locations were chosen purposefully because they are horticulturally producing centers in East Java with the most financial institutions, with a total of 160 respondents. Data collection methods can include interviews using a questionnaire tool. To fulfill the research objective, multiple regression analysis has been used. The land area variable has the most influence since income and land area interact in such a way that as land area is utilized, revenue rises accordingly. The data indicates that there is a positive significance between land area and income in East Java's horticulture farms. Farmers need to seek to intensify horticulture to increase production on existing land with a farming venture. As well as the development of the agribusiness system through Cooperative Farming.
在农业增长中,园艺分部门占有重要地位。然而,农民面临的最常见、最富有成效的挑战之一就是资金限制。缺乏资金经常被认为是解决生产成本上升和商品销售价格不稳定问题的障碍。因此,生产要素的融资变得具有挑战性。本研究旨在分析农业生产要素对东爪哇园艺农民收入的影响。数据收集工作在两个地点进行,即马朗行政区 Poncokusumo 县 Wonomulyo 村和 Mojokerto 行政区 Pacet 县 Pacet 村。之所以特意选择这两个地方,是因为它们是东爪哇的园艺生产中心,拥有最多的金融机构,共有 160 名受访者。数据收集方法包括使用问卷工具进行访谈。为实现研究目标,采用了多元回归分析法。土地面积变量的影响最大,因为收入和土地面积相互作用,土地面积利用率越高,收入也会相应增加。数据表明,东爪哇园艺农场的土地面积与收入之间存在正相关关系。农民需要寻求集约化园艺种植,在现有土地上通过农业风险投资提高产量。以及通过合作农业发展农业综合企业系统。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainability of Corn Farming Systems on Post-Sand Mining Land in Malang, East Java, Indonesia 印度尼西亚东爪哇玛琅采砂后土地上玉米种植系统的可持续性
Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.21776/ub.habitat.2024.035.1.9
Ahmad Khusni, S. Suhartini, S. Sujarwo
The sand mining activities leave a wide area ex-sand mining land. In Bambang Village, farmers who live in that area try to get their land back to produce agricultural activities that were used previously for sand mining. However, there are several obstacles to the sustainability of farming in this area, especially the matter of critical land issues, pest and disease attacks, unpredictability of price, and technology used still not optimized suboptimal use of technology. To analyze the sustainability index and the attributes that influence continuity of corn farming on post-mine sand land, a quantitative study was conducted used a five-dimension sustainability approach. This approach included the consist of ecological, economic, social, institutional, and technological dimensions. Data collected by distributing questionnaires to the respondents which are divided into 72 of farmers and five key informants, so that, total of respondents are 77 people. Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) and leverage analysis were used to determine the attributes that influence sustainability. The results of the research show corn farming continuity on post-sand mining land produce a sustainability index for about 54.86%. It is considered quite able to maintain in terms of the economic dimension (62.12%), social dimension (60.82%), and institutional dimension (60.27%). Though, the ecological dimension (46.88%) and technological dimension (44.23%) were classified as weak in terms of sustainability. Additionally, leverage analysis shows about 25 sensitive attributes which is influenced the sustainability of corn farming on post-sand mining land.
采砂活动留下了大片前采砂地。在 Bambang 村,居住在该地区的农民试图收回他们的土地,以生产以前用于采砂的农业产品。然而,该地区的农业可持续发展面临一些障碍,尤其是关键的土地问题、病虫害侵袭、价格不可预测性以及所使用的技术仍未达到最佳状态等。为了分析可持续发展指数和影响矿后沙地玉米种植持续性的属性,我们采用了五维可持续发展方法进行了一项定量研究。该方法包括生态、经济、社会、制度和技术五个维度。通过向受访者发放问卷收集数据,受访者分为 72 位农民和 5 位关键信息提供者,因此受访者总数为 77 人。采用多维标度(MDS)和杠杆分析法确定影响可持续性的属性。研究结果表明,采砂后土地上的玉米耕作连续性产生的可持续性指数约为 54.86%。在经济维度(62.12%)、社会维度(60.82%)和制度维度(60.27%)方面,玉米种植被认为具有相当的可持续性。不过,生态维度(46.88%)和技术维度(44.23%)的可持续性较弱。此外,杠杆分析表明,约有 25 个敏感属性影响着采砂后土地上玉米种植的可持续性。
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引用次数: 0
The Willingness of Farmers to Adopt Innovations from Farmer-Owned Enterprises (BUMP) 农民采用农民所有企业创新成果的意愿 (BUMP)
Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.21776/ub.habitat.2024.035.1.4
K. Wicaksono, Bayu Adi Kusuma, Paramyta Nila Permanasari, Della Aprillia D.P, Rahma Dewi, Mirza Ramadhani, Ach. Ainur Rohman
A Method to increase the capacity of farmers is through farmer institutions. BUMP or know as (Farmer-Owned Enterprise) is one of the farmer institutions which incorporate in the agricultural commodity association. BUMP is helpful association for increasing farmer’s income and knowledge, facilitating farmers in obtaining production facilities and also capital, and facilitating the sale of crops to increase the productivity of agricultural products. However, behind the benefits provided, there are challenges that must be faced related to the willingness of farmers to adopt innovations. This study pays attention to how the influence of self-efficacy and attitude on the willingness to adopt is supported by the variables Perceived Ease of Use and Perceived Usefulness. This research was conducted in Dadaplangu Village, Ponggok District, Blitar Regency. Respondents in the study consist of 35 members of Gapoktan Rukun Sentosa who were taken by a saturated sampling technique. The result analysis of this study using SEM PLS showed that self-efficacy, attitude, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness influenced the farmers' willingness to adopt the innovation.
提高农民能力的一种方法是通过农民机构。BUMP 或称为(农民拥有的企业)是纳入农业商品协会的农民机构之一。BUMP 是一个有助于增加农民收入和知识、帮助农民获得生产设施和资本、促进农作物销售以提高农产品生产率的协会。然而,在这些好处的背后,农民采用创新的意愿也是必须面对的挑战。本研究关注自我效能感和态度对采用意愿的影响如何得到 "感知易用性 "和 "感知有用性 "这两个变量的支持。本研究在卜利塔尔行政区邦戈县的达达普兰古村进行。受访者包括 Gapoktan Rukun Sentosa 的 35 名成员,采用饱和抽样技术。使用 SEM PLS 进行的结果分析表明,自我效能感、态度、感知易用性和感知有用性影响了农民采用创新的意愿。
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引用次数: 0
The Influence of Service Quality on Consumer Satisfaction and Purchase Intention at The Legendary Restaurants in Malang 马朗传奇餐厅的服务质量对消费者满意度和购买意向的影响
Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.21776/ub.habitat.2024.035.1.2
Dwi Retno Andriyani
The high-quality service is provided for customers to achieve customer’s satisfaction goals which actually could be mediated by their emotion. Therefore, to increase the customer satisfaction, the company need to pay attention to the quality service that is provided to add the positive emotions and reduce negative emotion. Consumer satisfaction also has an impact on customer loyalty that affects business development in the future. The customer satisfaction also has an impact on customer loyalty that affects the business development in the future. Similarly, the legendary restaurant nowadays has to survive in this onslaught era with many modern restaurants are emerging. Thus, it is necessary to improve the quality service in the terms of product quality, service providing, and the restaurant’s atmosphere. This research analyzed using SEM-PLS method by analyzing the tools used in WarpPLS. The result found that quality service has a positive impact on the positive emotions of the customers. It is compared If the quality service has a negative impact, it causes negative emotions also. So that, it could be guaranteed that the provided quality service succeeded in building positive emotions in customers. The positive emotions that experienced by the customers automatically defined their satisfaction and that thing also indirectly drive them to become a loyal customer. The Influence of Service Quality on Consumer Satisfaction and Purchase Intention at The Legendary.
为客户提供优质服务是为了实现客户满意度目标,而客户满意度目标的实现实际上是以客户的情绪为中介的。因此,为了提高顾客满意度,企业需要重视提供优质服务,以增加正面情绪,减少负面情绪。消费者满意度还会影响客户忠诚度,进而影响企业未来的发展。顾客满意度也会影响顾客忠诚度,进而影响未来的业务发展。同样,如今的传奇餐厅要想在这个现代餐厅层出不穷的时代生存下去,就必须提高服务质量。因此,有必要从产品质量、服务提供和餐厅氛围等方面提高服务质量。本研究通过分析 WarpPLS 中使用的工具,使用 SEM-PLS 方法进行分析。结果发现,优质服务对顾客的积极情绪有积极影响。相比之下,如果优质服务有负面影响,则也会引起负面情绪。因此,可以保证所提供的优质服务成功地建立了顾客的积极情绪。顾客体验到的积极情绪自动定义了他们的满意度,这也间接促使他们成为忠实顾客。传奇 "服务质量对消费者满意度和购买意向的影响。
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引用次数: 0
The Influence of Gender on the Performance of Village-Owned Enterprises in the Province of East Java, Indonesia 性别对印度尼西亚东爪哇省村办企业绩效的影响
Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.21776/ub.habitat.2024.035.1.1
Tri Wahyu Nugroho
Village-owned enterprises constitute a significant facet of the government's endeavours to bolster rural economic growth; however, the current scenario in Indonesia showcases a concerning trend of underperformance within these enterprises. This study delves into the impact of female managers on the performance of village-owned enterprises, employing cross-sectional data sourced from 100 such enterprises in East Java, Indonesia. The data was subjected to analysis through an ordered probit model. The principal finding of this study underscores the noteworthy and statistically significant influence exerted by female managers on the performance of village-owned enterprises. This observation implies that enterprises led by female managers tend to exhibit superior performance compared to those managed by their male counterparts. Concurrently, the study underscores the pivotal role of demographic profiles, such as age and education, in shaping managerial performance. These findings carry significant implications for policy formulation. They underscore the urgent need to enhance women's empowerment in rural areas, specifically by encouraging their active participation in village-owned enterprises. Additionally, the study underscores the broader importance of augmenting the knowledge and skills of both male and female managers. Such efforts hold the potential to substantially enhance the contributions of village-owned enterprises to Indonesia's economic landscape. In summary, the study's findings emphasize the pivotal role of female managers in boosting the performance of village-owned enterprises. These insights underscore the necessity of empowering women in rural settings and cultivating knowledge across genders. By addressing these imperatives, policymakers can harness the potential of village-owned enterprises for driving sustainable rural economic development in Indonesia.
村办企业是政府努力促进农村经济增长的一个重要方面;然而,印尼目前的情况却显示出这些企业业绩不佳的趋势,令人担忧。本研究利用印度尼西亚东爪哇省 100 家村办企业的横截面数据,探讨了女性管理者对村办企业绩效的影响。数据通过有序概率模型进行分析。本研究的主要发现强调了女性管理者对村办企业绩效所产生的值得注意的、具有统计学意义的影响。这一观察结果表明,与男性管理者管理的企业相比,女性管理者领导的企业往往表现出更高的绩效。同时,研究还强调了年龄和教育程度等人口统计学特征在塑造管理绩效方面的关键作用。这些研究结果对政策制定具有重要意义。它们强调,迫切需要增强农村地区妇女的能力,特别是鼓励她们积极参与村办企业。此外,研究还强调了提高男性和女性管理人员的知识和技能的广泛重要性。这些努力有可能大大提高村办企业对印尼经济的贡献。总之,研究结果强调了女性管理人员在提高村办企业绩效方面的关键作用。这些见解强调了增强农村妇女能力和培养跨性别知识的必要性。通过解决这些当务之急,决策者可以发挥村办企业的潜力,推动印度尼西亚农村经济的可持续发展。
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引用次数: 0
Marketing Efficiency of Shallot Commodity in Malang Raya 玛琅拉雅藠头商品的营销效率
Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.21776/ub.habitat.2024.035.1.7
Ajik Siswantoro, I. Pariasa, A. Hardana, Sugeng Riyanto, M. R. Utomo
Analyzing the marketing efficiency of shallot commodities is the main objective in this research.The research was located in Malang Raya included Malang City, Batu City, and Malang Regency. The method of taking farming respondents with a simple random sample design was taken based on the parallel formula in 37 people. Selected marketer’s respondent using the snowball sampling method, involving 13 individuals in total. The margin analysis is conducted to analyze the components of marketing costs as well as the share received by each market actors involved in shallot marketing. Profit marketing margin analysis, the ratio of profit was taken over the costs incurred by each marketing institution in the four marketing channels could be said to be generally efficient. The price share that was received by farmers in marketing channel IV is the highest sahre among the other channels. This is a result of farmers selling their shallots to intermediary traders directly. In contrast to marketing channel III, which gives farmers the lowest share. This occurs because of the high selling price difference between retailers and farmers and involves three marketing institutions.
本研究的主要目标是分析大葱商品的营销效率。研究地点位于马兰拉亚(Malang Raya),包括马兰市、峇都市和马兰县。采用简单随机抽样设计的方法抽取农业受访者,以 37 人的平行公式为基础。采用滚雪球抽样法选取营销人员受访者,共涉及 13 人。通过利润率分析,分析营销成本的构成以及参与大葱营销的各市场主体所获得的份额。营销利润分析中,各营销机构在四种营销渠道中的利润与成本之比可以说是普遍有效的。农民在营销渠道 IV 中获得的价格份额是其他渠道中最高的。这是因为农民直接将大葱卖给了中间商。相比之下,销售渠道 III 给农民的价格份额最低。出现这种情况的原因是零售商和农民之间的销售价格差异较大,而且涉及三个营销机构。
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引用次数: 0
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