Pub Date : 2011-01-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.028
Pu Qing-jiang, Cong Xian-bin, Zhang Chun-hua
Objective To describe the pathogenic and serological test results of the plague in China from 2001 to 2009, and human and animal plague distribution. Methods Through access to information of the plague surveillance report in China from 2002 to 2010, national plague pathogenic and serological test results and the epidemic situation were analyzed from 2001 to 2009. Results From 2001 to 2009, 2966 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated in the seven provinces which were Guizhou, Guangxi, Yunnan, Qinghai, Tibet, Gansu and Inner Mongolia. Of these, 1 138 000 animals were detected by bacteriological method, 1998 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated;379 227 groups of intermediary animals were detected, 927 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated;41 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated from human body. Animal serums of 1 169 702 were detected by indirect hemagglutination assay(IHA), of these 3177 animal serums were positive, 168 human serums were positive;53 323 animal samples were detected by reverse indirect hemagglutination assay(RIHA), of these 500 were positive. There were outbreak or epidemic of plague in 9 types of plague foci, 2925 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated. Two animals and 6 fleas were judged as new reservoir and new vector. There were 23 counties of 6 provinces were judged as plague new natural foci counties. Conclusions The plague epidemic in China is still serious between 2001 and 2009. There are nine types of foci in the active state. Key words: Plague; Etiology; Serology
{"title":"National pathogenic and serological analysis of plague test results in China from 2001 to 2009","authors":"Pu Qing-jiang, Cong Xian-bin, Zhang Chun-hua","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.028","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To describe the pathogenic and serological test results of the plague in China from 2001 to 2009, and human and animal plague distribution. Methods Through access to information of the plague surveillance report in China from 2002 to 2010, national plague pathogenic and serological test results and the epidemic situation were analyzed from 2001 to 2009. Results From 2001 to 2009, 2966 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated in the seven provinces which were Guizhou, Guangxi, Yunnan, Qinghai, Tibet, Gansu and Inner Mongolia. Of these, 1 138 000 animals were detected by bacteriological method, 1998 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated;379 227 groups of intermediary animals were detected, 927 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated;41 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated from human body. Animal serums of 1 169 702 were detected by indirect hemagglutination assay(IHA), of these 3177 animal serums were positive, 168 human serums were positive;53 323 animal samples were detected by reverse indirect hemagglutination assay(RIHA), of these 500 were positive. There were outbreak or epidemic of plague in 9 types of plague foci, 2925 strains of Yersinia pestis were isolated. Two animals and 6 fleas were judged as new reservoir and new vector. There were 23 counties of 6 provinces were judged as plague new natural foci counties. Conclusions The plague epidemic in China is still serious between 2001 and 2009. There are nine types of foci in the active state. \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Plague; Etiology; Serology","PeriodicalId":55880,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endemiology","volume":"122 1","pages":"96-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74461941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.009
W. Jing, Yang Xiao-xia, Xiang You-zhang, Song Shu-liang, Wang Lin
Objective To explore the reliability of relevant electrocardiogram(ECG) indexes in evaluating isoprenaline(ISO)-induced rat acute ischemic myocardial injury and provide reference for future scientific applications of these models. Methods Seventy male Wistar rats were randomly equally assigned to ten groups according to their body weight: 5,10,20,40,80,160,320,640, 1280 and 2560 μg/kg dose groups. All rats were tail intravenously given corresponding doses of saline diluted isoprenaline according to their body weight. Standard limb Ⅰ , Ⅱ, Ⅲ-lead ECG of all rats were recorded before, immediately after and 1,24,and 72 hour after injection, respectively.Changes of heart rate, T-wave amplitude of Ⅱ -lead and Q-T interval were measured. Results Significant differences were found in heart rates, T-wave amplitudes and Q-T intervals at different time points(F = 15.03,11.28,13.64, all P ＜ 0.01 ), while differences among the ten ISO-dose groups were statistically insignificant (F= 1.45, 1.17,1.09, all P ＞ 0.05). No interaction between observation time and ISO dose was observed on heart rates, T-wave amplitudes and Q-T intervals(F= 0.79,0.82,0.59, all P ＞ 0.05). Immediately after injection of ISO, the heart rates were significantly increased compared with that of pre-injection in all groups(all P ＜ 0.05), of which 320 and 640μg/kg dose groups increased most significantly [(550 ± 47), (521 ± 43)times/min]. T-waves decreased significantly compared with that of pre-injection (all P ＜ 0.01 ), and 20 μg/kg dose and above groups decreased particularly evident, and partly inverted. Q-T intervals of rats in each group were significantly shorter than that of pre-injection(all P ＜ 0.01 ), and 320, 640, 1280 μg/kg groups shortened more pronounced[(0.070 ± 0.006),(0.072 ± 0.005), (0.068 ± 0.005)ms]. One hour after injection, the heart rate of rats in each group decreased,except 320 and 640 μg/kg dose groups[(518 ± 43), (487 ± 36)times/min], which were still higher than that of pre-treatment[(450 ± 40), (448 ± 51 )times/min, all P ＜ 0.05], the rest groups no longer had significant differences (all P ＞ 0.05). ECG T-wave in each group was significantly recovered compared with that of instantly medication (all P＜0.05), and 40 μg/kg dose and above groups recovered more than a big margin, but there were still differences compared with that of pre-treatment (P ＜0.05), while T-waves of 40 μg/kg dose and below groups had returned to the level of pre-treatment. Q-T interval in each group had varying degrees of recovery, except 1280 and 2560 μg/kg dose groups[(0.080 ± 0.004), (0.076 ± 0.011 )ms]which were still less than that of pre-treatment[(0.086 ± 0.007),(0.085 ± 0.006)ms, all P ＜ 0.05], other groups had no significant difference compared with that of pre-treatment (all P ＞ 0.05). Twenty-four hours after injection of ISO, the heart rates of 1280 and 2560 μg/kg dose groups [(389 ± 31 ), (398 ± 23)times/min]decreased significantly compared with that of pre-treatment[(427 ± 43),
{"title":"Observational study of relevant electrocardiogram indexes of rat acute ischemic myocardial injury induced by different doses of isoprenaline","authors":"W. Jing, Yang Xiao-xia, Xiang You-zhang, Song Shu-liang, Wang Lin","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To explore the reliability of relevant electrocardiogram(ECG) indexes in evaluating isoprenaline(ISO)-induced rat acute ischemic myocardial injury and provide reference for future scientific applications of these models. Methods Seventy male Wistar rats were randomly equally assigned to ten groups according to their body weight: 5,10,20,40,80,160,320,640, 1280 and 2560 μg/kg dose groups. All rats were tail intravenously given corresponding doses of saline diluted isoprenaline according to their body weight. Standard limb Ⅰ , Ⅱ, Ⅲ-lead ECG of all rats were recorded before, immediately after and 1,24,and 72 hour after injection, respectively.Changes of heart rate, T-wave amplitude of Ⅱ -lead and Q-T interval were measured. Results Significant differences were found in heart rates, T-wave amplitudes and Q-T intervals at different time points(F = 15.03,11.28,13.64, all P ＜ 0.01 ), while differences among the ten ISO-dose groups were statistically insignificant (F= 1.45, 1.17,1.09, all P ＞ 0.05). No interaction between observation time and ISO dose was observed on heart rates, T-wave amplitudes and Q-T intervals(F= 0.79,0.82,0.59, all P ＞ 0.05). Immediately after injection of ISO, the heart rates were significantly increased compared with that of pre-injection in all groups(all P ＜ 0.05), of which 320 and 640μg/kg dose groups increased most significantly [(550 ± 47), (521 ± 43)times/min]. T-waves decreased significantly compared with that of pre-injection (all P ＜ 0.01 ), and 20 μg/kg dose and above groups decreased particularly evident, and partly inverted. Q-T intervals of rats in each group were significantly shorter than that of pre-injection(all P ＜ 0.01 ), and 320, 640, 1280 μg/kg groups shortened more pronounced[(0.070 ± 0.006),(0.072 ± 0.005), (0.068 ± 0.005)ms]. One hour after injection, the heart rate of rats in each group decreased,except 320 and 640 μg/kg dose groups[(518 ± 43), (487 ± 36)times/min], which were still higher than that of pre-treatment[(450 ± 40), (448 ± 51 )times/min, all P ＜ 0.05], the rest groups no longer had significant differences (all P ＞ 0.05). ECG T-wave in each group was significantly recovered compared with that of instantly medication (all P＜0.05), and 40 μg/kg dose and above groups recovered more than a big margin, but there were still differences compared with that of pre-treatment (P ＜0.05), while T-waves of 40 μg/kg dose and below groups had returned to the level of pre-treatment. Q-T interval in each group had varying degrees of recovery, except 1280 and 2560 μg/kg dose groups[(0.080 ± 0.004), (0.076 ± 0.011 )ms]which were still less than that of pre-treatment[(0.086 ± 0.007),(0.085 ± 0.006)ms, all P ＜ 0.05], other groups had no significant difference compared with that of pre-treatment (all P ＞ 0.05). Twenty-four hours after injection of ISO, the heart rates of 1280 and 2560 μg/kg dose groups [(389 ± 31 ), (398 ± 23)times/min]decreased significantly compared with that of pre-treatment[(427 ± 43), ","PeriodicalId":55880,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endemiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"31-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82316475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.010
Lei Gang, Lv Tianyi, Tang Jian-guo, S. Shi, Abulymit Mattuhut, Rena Turd, Jiang Wei, Xu Bingchen
Objective To analyse the feasibility of detecting F1 antibody to Yersinia pestis in flushing fluid of heart blood of Rhombomys opimus with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) method and its application value in surveillance of the disease. Methods Serum, flushing fluid of heart blood and infusion fluid of liver and spleen of Rhombomys opimus, which were caught by capture in the plague focus of Zunger basin in 2007, were taken to carry out detection for F1 antibodies to Yersinia pestis with ELISA method. The data were processed with SPSS 17.0. Results Positive rate and average titer of serum were 12.35%(11/162) and 25.35, of flushing fluid of heart blood were 10.49%(17/162) and 23.75 and of the infusion fluid of liver and spleen 6.79%(17/162) and 2240,respectively. No statistical difference was found in positive detection rate when it was compared between serum and flushing fluid of heart blood(χ2 = 1.333, P ＞ 0.05), but it was obviously different between serum and infusion fluid of liver and spleen(χ2 = 7.111, P ＜ 0.01 ) and between flushing fluid of heart blood and infusion fluid of liver and spleen(x2 = 6.250, P ＜ 0.05). There was a significant difference in average titer between serum, flushing fluid of heart blood and infusion fluid of liver and spleen(t = 2.290, 3.612, P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ). The plague F1 antibody positive coincidence rate of serum and flushing fluid of heart blood was 85.0%(17/20), of serum and infusion fluid of liver and spleen was 55.0% (11/20), and of flushing fluid of heart blood and infusion fluid of liver and spleen was 64.7%(11/17). Conclusions The ELISA method can detect Fl antibody in flushing fluid of heart blood,and the method is feasible in plague surveillance. Key words: Rhombmys opimus; Plague; F1 antibody; Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
目的分析酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测大鼠心血冲洗液中鼠疫耶尔森氏菌F1抗体的可行性及其在该病监测中的应用价值。方法采用ELISA法对2007年在Zunger盆地鼠疫疫源地捕获的大鼠血清、心血冲洗液及肝脾输液液进行鼠疫耶尔森菌F1抗体检测。数据采用SPSS 17.0统计软件处理。结果血清阳性率为12.35%(11/162)，平均滴度为25.35，心血冲洗液阳性率为10.49%(17/162)，平均滴度为23.75，肝脾输注液阳性率为6.79%(17/162)，平均滴度为2240。血清与心血冲洗液阳性率比较，差异无统计学意义(χ2 = 1.333, P > 0.05);血清与肝脾输液阳性率比较，差异有统计学意义(χ2 = 7.111, P < 0.01);心血冲洗液与肝脾输液阳性率比较，差异有统计学意义(x2 = 6.250, P < 0.05)。血清、心血冲洗液和肝脾输注液的平均滴度差异有统计学意义(t = 2.290、3.612,P < 0.05或< 0.01)。血清与心血冲洗液鼠疫F1抗体阳性符合率为85.0%(17/20)，血清与肝脾输液液鼠疫F1抗体阳性符合率为55.0%(11/20)，心血冲洗液鼠疫F1抗体阳性符合率为64.7%(11/17)。结论ELISA法可检测心血冲洗液中的Fl抗体，在鼠疫监测中是可行的。关键词:大鼠;瘟疫;F1抗体;酶联免疫吸附试验
{"title":"Detection of F1 antibody against Yersinia pestis in flushing fluid of heart blood of Rhombomys opimus with ELISA: a feasibility study","authors":"Lei Gang, Lv Tianyi, Tang Jian-guo, S. Shi, Abulymit Mattuhut, Rena Turd, Jiang Wei, Xu Bingchen","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To analyse the feasibility of detecting F1 antibody to Yersinia pestis in flushing fluid of heart blood of Rhombomys opimus with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) method and its application value in surveillance of the disease. Methods Serum, flushing fluid of heart blood and infusion fluid of liver and spleen of Rhombomys opimus, which were caught by capture in the plague focus of Zunger basin in 2007, were taken to carry out detection for F1 antibodies to Yersinia pestis with ELISA method. The data were processed with SPSS 17.0. Results Positive rate and average titer of serum were 12.35%(11/162) and 25.35, of flushing fluid of heart blood were 10.49%(17/162) and 23.75 and of the infusion fluid of liver and spleen 6.79%(17/162) and 2240,respectively. No statistical difference was found in positive detection rate when it was compared between serum and flushing fluid of heart blood(χ2 = 1.333, P ＞ 0.05), but it was obviously different between serum and infusion fluid of liver and spleen(χ2 = 7.111, P ＜ 0.01 ) and between flushing fluid of heart blood and infusion fluid of liver and spleen(x2 = 6.250, P ＜ 0.05). There was a significant difference in average titer between serum, flushing fluid of heart blood and infusion fluid of liver and spleen(t = 2.290, 3.612, P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ). The plague F1 antibody positive coincidence rate of serum and flushing fluid of heart blood was 85.0%(17/20), of serum and infusion fluid of liver and spleen was 55.0% (11/20), and of flushing fluid of heart blood and infusion fluid of liver and spleen was 64.7%(11/17). Conclusions The ELISA method can detect Fl antibody in flushing fluid of heart blood,and the method is feasible in plague surveillance. \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Rhombmys opimus; Plague; F1 antibody; Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay","PeriodicalId":55880,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endemiology","volume":"55 1","pages":"36-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78009633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.007
Zhang Ya-lou, Liu Kai-tai, Liu Ji-wen, Zhong Jin-jie
Objective To study the effect of fluoride on expression of osteoblast Runx2, Osterix and their downstream COL I A2 in vitro. Methods Human osteoblast Saos-2 was cultured in vitro. The cells were grouped according to fluoride(NaF) dose used: 0(control ), 0.625,1.250,2.500,5.000,10.000,20.000,40.000,80.000,160.000 mg/L. Cells were collected after 24 h culture, RNA extracted, and the mRNA expression of Runx2 and Osterix and downstream genes COL I A2 was detected using fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction [Real-time (RT)-PCR]). Results After 24 h in vitro cell cultivation with NaF, the expression of Runx2 in 0.625,1.250,2.500,5.000,10.000,20.000 mg/L groups(388.00 ± 41.80,209.00 ± 25.80,42.80 ±4.52,63.00 ± 16.10,24.30 ± 4.23,16.20 ± 4.32) was higher than that of the control group( 1.00 ± 0.12, all P ＜0.05). The expression of Runx2 in 40.000,80.000,160.000 mg/L groups(0.40 ± 0.05,1.91 ± 0.28,4.87±1.36)compared with that of control group, the difference was statistically insignificant(all P ＞ 0.05).The expression of Osterix mRNA in 1.250,2.500,5.000 mg/L groups(4.04 ± 1.67,229.00 ± 51.00,46.40 ± 10.60) was higher than that of the control group( 1.00 ± 0.42,all P ＜ 0.05). The expression of Osterix mRNA in 10.000,20.000,40.000,80.000,160.000 mg/L groups(0. 16 ± 0.07,0.13 ± 0.01,1.73 ± 0.54,0.01 ± 0.01, 0.09 ± 0.01) compared with that of control group, the difference was statistically insignificant (all P ＞ 0.05). The expression of COL I A2 mRNA in 0.625,1.250,2.500,5.000,10.000,20.000 mg/L groups (2.27 ± 0.89,8.03 ± 2.31,14.20 ± 2.75,7.66 ± 1.34,8.96 ±2.30) was higher than that of the control group (1.00 ± 0.04, all P ＜ 0.05). The expression of COL I A2 mRNA in 160.000 mg/L(0.54 ± 0.01 ) was lower than that of the control group(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Fluoride may affect mRNA expression of Osterix and Runx2 in osteoblast and their expression level is related to fluoride concentration.Runx2 and Osterix can also regulate the expression of COL I A2 mRNA. Key words: Fluoride poisoning; Gene expression; Runx2; Osterix; Collagen type Ⅰ
{"title":"Effect of fluoride on expression of osteoblast Runx2, and Osterix and COL I A2","authors":"Zhang Ya-lou, Liu Kai-tai, Liu Ji-wen, Zhong Jin-jie","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To study the effect of fluoride on expression of osteoblast Runx2, Osterix and their downstream COL I A2 in vitro. Methods Human osteoblast Saos-2 was cultured in vitro. The cells were grouped according to fluoride(NaF) dose used: 0(control ), 0.625,1.250,2.500,5.000,10.000,20.000,40.000,80.000,160.000 mg/L. Cells were collected after 24 h culture, RNA extracted, and the mRNA expression of Runx2 and Osterix and downstream genes COL I A2 was detected using fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction [Real-time (RT)-PCR]). Results After 24 h in vitro cell cultivation with NaF, the expression of Runx2 in 0.625,1.250,2.500,5.000,10.000,20.000 mg/L groups(388.00 ± 41.80,209.00 ± 25.80,42.80 ±4.52,63.00 ± 16.10,24.30 ± 4.23,16.20 ± 4.32) was higher than that of the control group( 1.00 ± 0.12, all P ＜0.05). The expression of Runx2 in 40.000,80.000,160.000 mg/L groups(0.40 ± 0.05,1.91 ± 0.28,4.87±1.36)compared with that of control group, the difference was statistically insignificant(all P ＞ 0.05).The expression of Osterix mRNA in 1.250,2.500,5.000 mg/L groups(4.04 ± 1.67,229.00 ± 51.00,46.40 ± 10.60) was higher than that of the control group( 1.00 ± 0.42,all P ＜ 0.05). The expression of Osterix mRNA in 10.000,20.000,40.000,80.000,160.000 mg/L groups(0. 16 ± 0.07,0.13 ± 0.01,1.73 ± 0.54,0.01 ± 0.01, 0.09 ± 0.01) compared with that of control group, the difference was statistically insignificant (all P ＞ 0.05). The expression of COL I A2 mRNA in 0.625,1.250,2.500,5.000,10.000,20.000 mg/L groups (2.27 ± 0.89,8.03 ± 2.31,14.20 ± 2.75,7.66 ± 1.34,8.96 ±2.30) was higher than that of the control group (1.00 ± 0.04, all P ＜ 0.05). The expression of COL I A2 mRNA in 160.000 mg/L(0.54 ± 0.01 ) was lower than that of the control group(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Fluoride may affect mRNA expression of Osterix and Runx2 in osteoblast and their expression level is related to fluoride concentration.Runx2 and Osterix can also regulate the expression of COL I A2 mRNA. \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Fluoride poisoning; Gene expression; Runx2; Osterix; Collagen type Ⅰ","PeriodicalId":55880,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endemiology","volume":"178 1","pages":"23-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83402694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.017
P. He, D. An, Da-sheng Li, Bo-you Zhang, Yin Liang
Objective To investigate the usage of fluorine-proof iron stove in regions with coal-burning borne endemic fluorosis of Guizhou province and to provide scientific basis for the project management. Methods According to "the local prevention programs against coal-burning borne endemic fluorosis-Guizhou iron stove usage survey scheme", in the 18 counties implemented the project of improving the iron stove from 2005 to 2008, 2 townships were selected randomly in each county of each project annually, 2 villages were selected in each township randomly, and 10 households were checked in each village. The project households were investigated using questionnaire of the related health knowledge and awareness as well as the satisfaction of the households.Results ①The improvement rate of iron stove was 100.00%(1286/1286). ②The overall utilization rate of the improved stove was 94.09% (1210/1286), in which winter was 62.21% (800/1286) and annual was 31.88%(410/1286). ③Among the households that did not use the project stove, 46.05%(35/76) households was due to switch to other clean energy, in addition, 19.74%(15/76) was due to sell or send to other households, and 14.47%(11/76) was still used to use the open kitchen without the ventilating pipe, and still 13.16%(10/76) was due to high coal prices, and 6.58%(5/76) was due to that the improved stove can not meet the needs of life and no longer used. ④Amoag 1261 households investigated, households with damaged furnace was 24.58%(310/1261 ), and the parts damaged were mainly chimney (ventilating pipe) and the furnace core, accounting for 51.94%(161/310) and 29.03%(90/310), respectively. Repair rate of the damaged parts was 32.58%(101/310). ⑤The health knowledge rate was about 82.74% (1064/1286), and the satisfaction of the iron furnace was 88.65% (1140/1286).Conclusions The improved stoves for the prevention of endemic fluorosis in the diseased area meet the people's living habits, and meet their basic livelihood needs. Most project households are still using the improved furnace.But we still need to further strengthen the project management and the health education intervention, establish and improve stove maintenance network, and reach the goal of sustainable control of coal-burning borne endemic fluorosis. Key words: Fluoride poisoning; Coal; Environmental pollution; Data collection
{"title":"Usage of fluorine-proof furnace in areas with coal-burning borne endemic fluorosis in Guizhou province in 2009","authors":"P. He, D. An, Da-sheng Li, Bo-you Zhang, Yin Liang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To investigate the usage of fluorine-proof iron stove in regions with coal-burning borne endemic fluorosis of Guizhou province and to provide scientific basis for the project management. Methods According to \"the local prevention programs against coal-burning borne endemic fluorosis-Guizhou iron stove usage survey scheme\", in the 18 counties implemented the project of improving the iron stove from 2005 to 2008, 2 townships were selected randomly in each county of each project annually, 2 villages were selected in each township randomly, and 10 households were checked in each village. The project households were investigated using questionnaire of the related health knowledge and awareness as well as the satisfaction of the households.Results ①The improvement rate of iron stove was 100.00%(1286/1286). ②The overall utilization rate of the improved stove was 94.09% (1210/1286), in which winter was 62.21% (800/1286) and annual was 31.88%(410/1286). ③Among the households that did not use the project stove, 46.05%(35/76) households was due to switch to other clean energy, in addition, 19.74%(15/76) was due to sell or send to other households, and 14.47%(11/76) was still used to use the open kitchen without the ventilating pipe, and still 13.16%(10/76) was due to high coal prices, and 6.58%(5/76) was due to that the improved stove can not meet the needs of life and no longer used. ④Amoag 1261 households investigated, households with damaged furnace was 24.58%(310/1261 ), and the parts damaged were mainly chimney (ventilating pipe) and the furnace core, accounting for 51.94%(161/310) and 29.03%(90/310), respectively. Repair rate of the damaged parts was 32.58%(101/310). ⑤The health knowledge rate was about 82.74% (1064/1286), and the satisfaction of the iron furnace was 88.65% (1140/1286).Conclusions The improved stoves for the prevention of endemic fluorosis in the diseased area meet the people's living habits, and meet their basic livelihood needs. Most project households are still using the improved furnace.But we still need to further strengthen the project management and the health education intervention, establish and improve stove maintenance network, and reach the goal of sustainable control of coal-burning borne endemic fluorosis. \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Fluoride poisoning; Coal; Environmental pollution; Data collection","PeriodicalId":55880,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endemiology","volume":"15 1","pages":"60-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81832326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.019
Song Guang-xin, Han Shu-qing, L. Ming-sheng, Yuan Ai-min, Dou Gui-qin, Kan Wen-feng
Objective To investigate the state of drinking water defluorination project in Dagang district and study urinary fluoride levels and detect dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of fluorosis. Methods Five defluorination projects in rural streets (towns) with highfluoride water and 2 urban water supply projects were choosen to investigate the running status in Dagang district Tianjin in 2009. Five rural and 2 urban schools were choosen to select 100 children aged 8 to 12 (for gender, age matched) in each primary school to study urinary fluoride levels and detection of dental fluorosis. Results A total of 66 defluorination projects in 73 villages were surveyed, among which 61 projects actually worked normally with using rate 92.4%(61/66). Water qualification of all projects could not be ensured due to direct project managers'lack of necessary expertise. In 2009, water qualification rate were 39.3%(24/61 )among the project normally used,with highlighted problem of biological pollution. A total of 490 children aged 8 - 12 in 5 rural towns were surveyed,dental fluorosis rate were 90%(441/490), and dental fluorosis index were 1.82. A total of 207 children aged 8 - 12in 2 urban areas were surveyed, the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 49.8%(103/207), and dental fluorosis index were 0.86. The urinary fluoride level of 230 children aged 8 - 12 in the 5 villages were surveyed. The Range of geometric mean of urinary fluoride were 1.82 - 2.70 mg/L. The urinary fluoride of 102 children aged 8 - 12 in the 2 urban area were surveyed. The Range of geometric mean of urinary fluoride were 1.53 - 1.72 mg/L. Conclusions There was phenomenon of high coverage, low utilization rate and less water consumption in the villages of Dagang district, Tianjin drinking water defluoridation projects, thus the health effects of the projects was minimum.Significant health effects is found in the defluorination projects in the urban areas with high coverage and high utilization rate. Studying new water improvment methods and new forms of water supply system is urgent for solving the problems met in the ineffective water defluorination project. Key words: Drinking water; Fluorosis, dental; Engineering; Data collection
{"title":"Operational state of drinking water defluorination project and situation of fluorosis in children aged 8 to 12 in Dagang district of Tianjin in 2009","authors":"Song Guang-xin, Han Shu-qing, L. Ming-sheng, Yuan Ai-min, Dou Gui-qin, Kan Wen-feng","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.019","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To investigate the state of drinking water defluorination project in Dagang district and study urinary fluoride levels and detect dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of fluorosis. Methods Five defluorination projects in rural streets (towns) with highfluoride water and 2 urban water supply projects were choosen to investigate the running status in Dagang district Tianjin in 2009. Five rural and 2 urban schools were choosen to select 100 children aged 8 to 12 (for gender, age matched) in each primary school to study urinary fluoride levels and detection of dental fluorosis. Results A total of 66 defluorination projects in 73 villages were surveyed, among which 61 projects actually worked normally with using rate 92.4%(61/66). Water qualification of all projects could not be ensured due to direct project managers'lack of necessary expertise. In 2009, water qualification rate were 39.3%(24/61 )among the project normally used,with highlighted problem of biological pollution. A total of 490 children aged 8 - 12 in 5 rural towns were surveyed,dental fluorosis rate were 90%(441/490), and dental fluorosis index were 1.82. A total of 207 children aged 8 - 12in 2 urban areas were surveyed, the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 49.8%(103/207), and dental fluorosis index were 0.86. The urinary fluoride level of 230 children aged 8 - 12 in the 5 villages were surveyed. The Range of geometric mean of urinary fluoride were 1.82 - 2.70 mg/L. The urinary fluoride of 102 children aged 8 - 12 in the 2 urban area were surveyed. The Range of geometric mean of urinary fluoride were 1.53 - 1.72 mg/L. Conclusions There was phenomenon of high coverage, low utilization rate and less water consumption in the villages of Dagang district, Tianjin drinking water defluoridation projects, thus the health effects of the projects was minimum.Significant health effects is found in the defluorination projects in the urban areas with high coverage and high utilization rate. Studying new water improvment methods and new forms of water supply system is urgent for solving the problems met in the ineffective water defluorination project. \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Drinking water; Fluorosis, dental; Engineering; Data collection","PeriodicalId":55880,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endemiology","volume":"56 1","pages":"68-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85930218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.024
Bian Jian-chao, Qin Qi-liang, Yun Zhong-jie, Liu Yuan, Liu Chuan-jiao, Song Shu-liang, Luo Xiao-hong, Zhai Li-ping, G. Jie, Liang Chao-ke, Sujuan Gao
：Objective To explore thecorrelation between environmental selenium(Se) levels and cognitive ability among ruralelderly population, and the effect of Se on cognitive skill of the elderly. Methods Twostudy sites(Zichuan district and Gaomi city of Shandong) with different environmental Selevels were selected according to rural elderly people ≥ 65 years were extracted by stratified random sampling method in each site. Aretrospective survey was carried out using dietary intake questionnaire for the elderlyfor the past 1 year, and their daily total Se intake was calculated. Questionnaire wasalso used to obtain cognitive skill information in the elderly people. The CommunityScreening Instrument for Dementia, the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer'sDisease (CERAD) Word List Learning Test, the Indiana University (IU) Story Recall Test,the Animal Fluency Test, and the IU Token Test were applied to assess the cognitiveability. Se level in these samples was analyzed. Correlation between the Se levels ofenvironment and those of human body were analyzed statistically. Results There were0.163), (0.405 ± 0.086)]mg/kg and nail Se[(147.44 ± 17.42), (117.38 ± 22.48)μg/L]betweenthe two groups (U = 31.59, 25.00, 23.67, all P ＜0.01 ). Therewere positive correlation among the nail Se, environmental Se and Se in all subjects(r =0.51,0.46, 0.60, all P ＜ 0.01 ). The differences ofthe CSID total score, the CERAD Word List Learning Test, the CERAD Word List Recall Testand the IU Story Recall Test between the two sites were statistically significant(F =2.56, 9.18, 7.48, 4.42, all P ＜ 0.05), excluding the IndianaUniversity Story Recall Test.After eliminating possible confounding factors, the Se levelsand the CSID total score, the IU Story Recall Test, the Animal Fluency Test and the IUStory Token Test had a significantly positive correlation (r = 0.076, 0.138, 0.042,0.107,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ), excluding the CERAD WordList Learning Test. Conclusions This study supports the hypothesis that a life long low Selevel is associated with lower cognitive ability. The cognitive abilities in the elderlypopulation lived in areas with high environmental selenium levels are significantly higherthan that of the elderly lived in areas with low environmental selenium levels. Key words: Aged; Selenium; Cognitive ability
{"title":"Correlation between environmental selenium levels and cognitive ability among rural elderly population","authors":"Bian Jian-chao, Qin Qi-liang, Yun Zhong-jie, Liu Yuan, Liu Chuan-jiao, Song Shu-liang, Luo Xiao-hong, Zhai Li-ping, G. Jie, Liang Chao-ke, Sujuan Gao","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2011.01.024","url":null,"abstract":"：Objective To explore thecorrelation between environmental selenium(Se) levels and cognitive ability among ruralelderly population, and the effect of Se on cognitive skill of the elderly. Methods Twostudy sites(Zichuan district and Gaomi city of Shandong) with different environmental Selevels were selected according to rural elderly people ≥ 65 years were extracted by stratified random sampling method in each site. Aretrospective survey was carried out using dietary intake questionnaire for the elderlyfor the past 1 year, and their daily total Se intake was calculated. Questionnaire wasalso used to obtain cognitive skill information in the elderly people. The CommunityScreening Instrument for Dementia, the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer'sDisease (CERAD) Word List Learning Test, the Indiana University (IU) Story Recall Test,the Animal Fluency Test, and the IU Token Test were applied to assess the cognitiveability. Se level in these samples was analyzed. Correlation between the Se levels ofenvironment and those of human body were analyzed statistically. Results There were0.163), (0.405 ± 0.086)]mg/kg and nail Se[(147.44 ± 17.42), (117.38 ± 22.48)μg/L]betweenthe two groups (U = 31.59, 25.00, 23.67, all P ＜0.01 ). Therewere positive correlation among the nail Se, environmental Se and Se in all subjects(r =0.51,0.46, 0.60, all P ＜ 0.01 ). The differences ofthe CSID total score, the CERAD Word List Learning Test, the CERAD Word List Recall Testand the IU Story Recall Test between the two sites were statistically significant(F =2.56, 9.18, 7.48, 4.42, all P ＜ 0.05), excluding the IndianaUniversity Story Recall Test.After eliminating possible confounding factors, the Se levelsand the CSID total score, the IU Story Recall Test, the Animal Fluency Test and the IUStory Token Test had a significantly positive correlation (r = 0.076, 0.138, 0.042,0.107,P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01 ), excluding the CERAD WordList Learning Test. Conclusions This study supports the hypothesis that a life long low Selevel is associated with lower cognitive ability. The cognitive abilities in the elderlypopulation lived in areas with high environmental selenium levels are significantly higherthan that of the elderly lived in areas with low environmental selenium levels. \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Aged; Selenium; Cognitive ability","PeriodicalId":55880,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endemiology","volume":"14 1","pages":"84-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86235940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-09-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2010.05.007
M. Mei, Yu Yan-ni, Guo Bing
Objective To investigate the effect of fluoride on expression of Runx2 mRNA and protein in bone tissue of rats. Methods Fourteen SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group(tap water with fluoride ＜ 0.06 mg/L), and fluorosis group(fluoride 50 mg/L in water). After 4 moths, expressions of both mRNA and protein of Runx2 in rat bone tissue were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results The results showed that the expression of Runx2 mRNA and protein in fluoride-treated bone tissue were 2.287 ± 0.261 and 0.929 ± 0.229, respectively, both of which were significantly higher than those of control group(0.995 ± 0.123,0.317 ± 0.068, t = 11.85,6.78, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Fluoride can increase the expression of Runx2 mRNA and protein in bone tissue of rats, and Runx2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of bone injury caused by fluoride. Key words: Fluorides; Genes; Proteins; Runx2
{"title":"Effect of fluoride on expression of runx2 mRNA and protein in bone tissue of rats","authors":"M. Mei, Yu Yan-ni, Guo Bing","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2010.05.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2010.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To investigate the effect of fluoride on expression of Runx2 mRNA and protein in bone tissue of rats. Methods Fourteen SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group(tap water with fluoride ＜ 0.06 mg/L), and fluorosis group(fluoride 50 mg/L in water). After 4 moths, expressions of both mRNA and protein of Runx2 in rat bone tissue were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results The results showed that the expression of Runx2 mRNA and protein in fluoride-treated bone tissue were 2.287 ± 0.261 and 0.929 ± 0.229, respectively, both of which were significantly higher than those of control group(0.995 ± 0.123,0.317 ± 0.068, t = 11.85,6.78, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Fluoride can increase the expression of Runx2 mRNA and protein in bone tissue of rats, and Runx2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of bone injury caused by fluoride. \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Fluorides; Genes; Proteins; Runx2","PeriodicalId":55880,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endemiology","volume":"3 1","pages":"493-495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82287991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-09-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2010.05.013
Tong Hai-yan, Fangyuan Zheng, Zhang Sai-nan, Xu Bangsheng, Fangmin Hao, Hu Wei-qun, Xie Dongfang, Shi You-qin
Objective To clone and sequence the cysteine protease inhibitor gene of periodic Brugia malayi(BmCPI) and predict B-cell epitopes in amino acide sequence of BmCPI in order to provide basis for further study the expression of BmCPI and its function. Methods Total RNA was extracted from periodic Brugia malayi.A couple of specific primers were designed on the basis of known sequences of cysteine protease inhibitor gene from BmCPI. The desired gene was amplified by PCR technique from cDNA. The PCR products were purified and cloned into plasmid pGEM-T by T-A cloning method, transformed into Escherichia coli(E, coli) strain DH5α. The recombinant plasmids were screened and identified by digestion with restriction enzyme and PCR amplification. Five parameters and methods were used to predict B-cell epitopes in amino acide sequence of BmCPI. Results For RT-PCR, a specific band of around 621 bp was amplified. The same band was obtained by double restriction of recombinant plasmids or PCR using recombinant plasmid as template. The result of DNA sequencing showed that BmCPI shares 99% nucleotide sequence identity with that of published sequence. It showed that B-cell epitopes were probably at or adjacent to 23 - 32, 50 - 79 and 117 - 126 in its amino acide sequence. Conclusions pGEM-BmCPI is successfully constructed and sequenced, anticipated objective is reached and conditions is provided for further study of BmCPI expression and its function. Key words: Cysteine protease inhibitors; Genes; Sequence analysis; Filariasis; B-cell epitope
{"title":"Cloning, sequencing of CPI gene from periodic Brugia malayi and prediction of B cell epitopes in its amino acid sequence","authors":"Tong Hai-yan, Fangyuan Zheng, Zhang Sai-nan, Xu Bangsheng, Fangmin Hao, Hu Wei-qun, Xie Dongfang, Shi You-qin","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2010.05.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2010.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To clone and sequence the cysteine protease inhibitor gene of periodic Brugia malayi(BmCPI) and predict B-cell epitopes in amino acide sequence of BmCPI in order to provide basis for further study the expression of BmCPI and its function. Methods Total RNA was extracted from periodic Brugia malayi.A couple of specific primers were designed on the basis of known sequences of cysteine protease inhibitor gene from BmCPI. The desired gene was amplified by PCR technique from cDNA. The PCR products were purified and cloned into plasmid pGEM-T by T-A cloning method, transformed into Escherichia coli(E, coli) strain DH5α. The recombinant plasmids were screened and identified by digestion with restriction enzyme and PCR amplification. Five parameters and methods were used to predict B-cell epitopes in amino acide sequence of BmCPI. Results For RT-PCR, a specific band of around 621 bp was amplified. The same band was obtained by double restriction of recombinant plasmids or PCR using recombinant plasmid as template. The result of DNA sequencing showed that BmCPI shares 99% nucleotide sequence identity with that of published sequence. It showed that B-cell epitopes were probably at or adjacent to 23 - 32, 50 - 79 and 117 - 126 in its amino acide sequence. Conclusions pGEM-BmCPI is successfully constructed and sequenced, anticipated objective is reached and conditions is provided for further study of BmCPI expression and its function. \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Cysteine protease inhibitors; Genes; Sequence analysis; Filariasis; B-cell epitope","PeriodicalId":55880,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endemiology","volume":"42 1","pages":"515-518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80943383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-09-20DOI: 10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2010.05.024
He-ming Zheng, Yu Wang, Jin Yang
Objective Investigation and analysis of intelligence and psychomotor function in children born after implementingt universal salt iodization(USI). Methods Historical serious illness areas of water iodine below 10μg/L were selected as study sites, water iodine in 50 - 100 μg/L in the historical non-endemic areas were as control points in Henan, 2008. Cluster sampling was used to select children aged 6 - 15 years as observing subjects,IQ were measured with CRT- Man Test(CRT-C2). A "Tianjin Medical psychomotor test battery" (JPB) was carry out to test psychomotor function. Results In IDD regions 230 children were surveyed post-USI and 1284 children preUSI. The IQs post and pre USI were 99.3 and 99.9, respectively, and the proportion of IQ ≤69 were 2.17%(6/230) and 2.80%(36/1284), respectively. In non-IDD regions 650 children were surveyed post-USI and 2079children pre-USI. The IQs post and pre USI were 95.3 and 93.8, respectively, and the proportion of IQ ≤ 69 were 2.31%(15/650) and 3.37%(70/2079), respectively. In IDD regions, the abnormal rate of T scores and damage index post USI were 3.6%(2/56), 5.3%(3/56), respectively, significantly lower than pre USI [18.1%(29/160),18.1%(29/160), x2 = 7.54, 6.86, all P ＜ 0.01]. Conclusions USI could increase the IQs of children and decrease the positive rate of JPB, and significantly improve the quality of whole nation and persistently eliminating IDD. Key words: Iodides; Salts; Intelligence; Psychomotor function
{"title":"Study of intelligence and psychomotor function in children aged 6 - 15 years and born pre and post universal salt iodization in Henan province in 2009","authors":"He-ming Zheng, Yu Wang, Jin Yang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2010.05.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-4955.2010.05.024","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Investigation and analysis of intelligence and psychomotor function in children born after implementingt universal salt iodization(USI). Methods Historical serious illness areas of water iodine below 10μg/L were selected as study sites, water iodine in 50 - 100 μg/L in the historical non-endemic areas were as control points in Henan, 2008. Cluster sampling was used to select children aged 6 - 15 years as observing subjects,IQ were measured with CRT- Man Test(CRT-C2). A \"Tianjin Medical psychomotor test battery\" (JPB) was carry out to test psychomotor function. Results In IDD regions 230 children were surveyed post-USI and 1284 children preUSI. The IQs post and pre USI were 99.3 and 99.9, respectively, and the proportion of IQ ≤69 were 2.17%(6/230) and 2.80%(36/1284), respectively. In non-IDD regions 650 children were surveyed post-USI and 2079children pre-USI. The IQs post and pre USI were 95.3 and 93.8, respectively, and the proportion of IQ ≤ 69 were 2.31%(15/650) and 3.37%(70/2079), respectively. In IDD regions, the abnormal rate of T scores and damage index post USI were 3.6%(2/56), 5.3%(3/56), respectively, significantly lower than pre USI [18.1%(29/160),18.1%(29/160), x2 = 7.54, 6.86, all P ＜ 0.01]. Conclusions USI could increase the IQs of children and decrease the positive rate of JPB, and significantly improve the quality of whole nation and persistently eliminating IDD. \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Iodides; Salts; Intelligence; Psychomotor function","PeriodicalId":55880,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Endemiology","volume":"36 1","pages":"553-555"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83226060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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