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Integrated handling to overcome stunting in rural areas in East Java, Indonesia 印度尼西亚东爪哇农村地区克服发育迟缓的综合处理方法
Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.20473/mkp.v36i32023.436-450
Septi Ariadi
Stunting is one of the pressing health issues that requires serious attention and immediate intervention. This study aimed to assess the causes of stunting, the challenges faced by communities in ensuring nutrition for children, the management of stunting, and the efforts needed to optimize stunting intervention in rural areas. This study employed a qualitative approach with a total of 30 families having stunted children as informants. The study reveals that preventive measures against stunting should commence early, even during pregnancy. Apart from nutritional deficiencies, equally important contributing factors are inadequate maternal knowledge, recurrent or chronic infections, poor sanitation, and limited healthcare access. One pivotal step in preventing stunting is empowering and centralizing the role of mothers, who should be committed actors in the stunting prevention process. In a child’s growth and development, exclusive breastfeeding along with appropriate complementary feeding demands attention. Understanding child growth stages is crucial for parents to prevent stunting. Although most parents are aware of the significance of meeting their child’s nutritional needs, economic constraints and lack of awareness still hinder some parents from giving extra attention to this matter.
发育迟缓是迫切的健康问题之一,需要得到认真关注和立即干预。本研究旨在评估发育迟缓的原因、社区在确保儿童营养方面面临的挑战、发育迟缓的管理以及优化农村地区发育迟缓干预所需的努力。本研究采用定性方法,共有30个有发育迟缓儿童的家庭作为调查对象。研究表明,预防发育迟缓的措施应及早开始,甚至在怀孕期间也应如此。除了营养缺乏外,同样重要的因素还有产妇知识不足、经常性或慢性感染、卫生条件差以及获得医疗保健的机会有限。预防发育迟缓的一个关键步骤是赋予母亲权力并使其发挥集中作用,她们应该成为预防发育迟缓进程中的坚定行动者。在儿童的生长发育过程中,纯母乳喂养和适当的补充喂养需要引起注意。了解儿童发育阶段对父母预防发育迟缓至关重要。虽然大多数父母都意识到满足孩子营养需求的重要性,但经济上的限制和缺乏意识仍然阻碍了一些父母对这一问题给予额外的关注。
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引用次数: 0
Agrarian conflict and split recognition: The middle way for recognition of the Mapur Bangka Tribe in Indonesia 土地冲突与分裂承认:印尼马普尔邦卡部落承认的中间道路
Pub Date : 2023-09-12 DOI: 10.20473/mkp.v36i32023.421-435
Iskandar Zulkarnain, Jamilah Cholillah
Since the New Order regime, access to tin mines has been a disaster for the Mapur Tribe. The desire to live in prosperity from tin mining led to a prolonged structural agrarian conflict and problems of political recognition. This study aims to analyze agrarian conflicts and the recognition debates that surround them and analyze the visibility of discourses on the recognition that is adaptive to the interests of indigenous peoples. Through qualitative research with case studies, this study found that structural agrarian conflict gave rise to social rupture and acts of mutual exclusion between groups. The counter-movement can unite the group and continue the resistance. After the agrarian conflict, indigenous peoples were faced with debates about the legal product of recognition through sectoral laws which gave rise to different interpretations at the Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) level. This condition gave rise to the phenomenon of split recognition, due to the lack of political will to include the agenda for recognition of Indigenous Peoples (MHA) in regional planning policies. A comprehensive law with a general function is needed as a middle ground for the unification of arrangements regarding MHA.
自从新秩序政权以来,进入锡矿对马普尔部落来说是一场灾难。对锡矿繁荣生活的渴望导致了长期的结构性农业冲突和政治承认问题。本研究旨在分析土地冲突及其周围的承认辩论,并分析符合土著人民利益的承认话语的可见性。通过定性研究和案例分析,本研究发现,结构性土地冲突导致群体之间的社会破裂和相互排斥行为。反运动可以团结团体,继续抵抗。在土地冲突之后,土著人民面临着关于通过部门法承认的法律产物的辩论,这在区域机构组织一级产生了不同的解释。由于缺乏在区域规划政策中列入承认土著人民议程的政治意愿,这种情况造成了分裂承认的现象。需要一部具有一般功能的综合性法律,作为统一MHA安排的中间地带。
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引用次数: 0
Improving community welfare through Non-Cash Food Support Programs in Jeneponto Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia 在印度尼西亚南苏拉威西岛Jeneponto县通过非现金食品支持项目改善社区福利
Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.20473/mkp.v36i32023.394-407
Amiruddin Amiruddin, Djamil Hasim
To improve people’s welfare, policies are needed that can help people get above the poverty line. This study aims to describe how the implementation of the Non-Cash Food Assistance Program can improve the welfare of the people in Jeneponto Regency. This study uses a qualitative research design. Data collection techniques are through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that the Non-Cash Assistance Program in Jeneponto Regency can improve people’s welfare which is marked by a decrease in the percentage of the poverty rate from 14.28 percent in 2021, down in 2022 to 13.73 percent. This decrease in the percentage of the poverty rate has made Jeneponto Regency no longer the Regency with the highest poverty rate in South Sulawesi Province. For services, it was found that e-warongs serving the community had low competence, which affected the quality of food sold by e-warongs to beneficiary families. This study concludes, improvement is needed in determining the target group by setting strict criteria for prospective program recipients, and it is necessary to have a cluster for each category, so that the formulation is also adjusted based on needs. Determination of providers must apply a competition system, so that the quality of basic ingredients is maintained at affordable prices.
为了改善人民的福利,需要有能够帮助人们摆脱贫困线的政策。本研究旨在描述非现金粮食援助计划的实施如何改善Jeneponto摄政人民的福利。本研究采用定性研究设计。数据收集技术是通过观察、深入访谈和记录。研究结果表明,Jeneponto县的非现金援助计划可以改善人民的福利,其显著特征是贫困率从2021年的14.28%下降到2022年的13.73%。贫困率百分比的下降使Jeneponto摄政不再是南苏拉威西省贫困率最高的摄政。在服务方面,我们发现为社区服务的电子战争能力较低,这影响了电子战争向受益家庭销售的食品质量。本研究的结论是,在确定目标群体方面需要改进,通过对潜在的项目接受者制定严格的标准,并且有必要对每个类别进行分组,以便根据需要调整制定。供应商的决定必须采用竞争制度,以便基本成分的质量保持在可承受的价格。
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引用次数: 0
Political confrontations and disagreements in the Nigerian Government’s COVID-19 response 尼日利亚政府应对COVID-19的政治对抗和分歧
Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.20473/mkp.v36i32023.366-378
Tahir Adekunle Ijaiya
The COVID-19 outbreak has led to various interventions and policies from governments around the world, including Nigeria. However, Nigeria’s response was laden with political interests, confrontation and disagreements from various blocs of interest. Therefore, this study aims to examine various phenomena of political confrontation and disagreement during COVID-19 intervention. This study uses qualitative methods. Data were obtained through qualitative secondary data and analyzed thematically. The results of this study indicate that the People’s Democratic Party (PDP) and the All Progressive Congress (APC) are the two political parties that engage in the most political confrontation and disagreement. This study found that conflicting interests also occurred between the government and several interest groups regarding the import of foreign health workers and the distribution of COVID-19 assistance. Similarly, disagreements also ensued between the federal government and some subnational governments over their refusal to acknowledge the existence and/or severity of COVID-19. This study concludes that political conflicts and disagreements during COVID-19 in Nigeria were caused by government policies and interventions that could not be separated from competing interests and needs of the political, business, and professional elite.
COVID-19疫情导致包括尼日利亚在内的世界各国政府采取了各种干预措施和政策。然而,尼日利亚的反应充满了各种利益集团的政治利益、对抗和分歧。因此,本研究旨在检验COVID-19干预期间的各种政治对抗和分歧现象。本研究采用定性方法。通过定性的二手资料获得数据,并进行专题分析。本研究结果显示,人民民主党(PDP)和全体进步党(APC)是政治对抗和分歧最多的两个政党。本研究发现,政府与多个利益集团在输入外国卫生工作者和分配COVID-19援助方面也存在利益冲突。同样,联邦政府和一些地方政府之间也因拒绝承认COVID-19的存在和/或严重性而出现分歧。本研究的结论是,尼日利亚在2019冠状病毒病期间的政治冲突和分歧是由政府政策和干预造成的,这些政策和干预与政治、商业和专业精英的相互竞争的利益和需求密不可分。
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引用次数: 0
Discourse on moving the new capital city in East Kalimantan Province a political economy perspective 从政治经济学角度谈东加里曼丹省迁都问题
Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.20473/mkp.v36i32023.379-393
Syifa Izdihar Firdausa Asfianur, Suswanta Suswanta, Ridho Al-Hamdi, Zuly Qodir
This paper aimed to examine the discourse on moving the new state capital in Indonesia. The relocation of the national capital city was highly controversial, with many significant indicators of displacement according to the level of interest in it. The new capital city of Indonesia will be located in Kutai Kartanegara Regency and Penajam Paser Utara Regency. This study looks at the discourse of moving the national capital from a political economy perspective. This study uses qualitative research methods, with a literature review and NVIVO12 analysis. The discourse on moving the state capital explained many interests of the government and people in East Kalimantan Province. This discourse has pros from a political and economic point of view considering the benefits it could bring and cons from a judicial and academic perspective on the reasons and urgency behind relocating the state capital. It is assumed that the development of the National Capital will be evenly distributed, although in fact the management of urban planning has not been carried out properly. This study recommends that a more in-depth study is needed so that the relocation of the capital can provide greater benefits to the people of Indonesia in accordance with national goals.
本文旨在考察印尼关于迁移新国有资本的论述。国家首都的搬迁引起了很大的争议,根据对它的兴趣程度,有许多重要的迁移指标。印度尼西亚的新首都将位于Kutai Kartanegara Regency和Penajam Paser Utara Regency。本研究从政治经济学的角度审视国家资本迁移的话语。本研究采用定性研究方法,采用文献综述和NVIVO12分析。关于迁移州首府的论述说明了东加里曼丹省政府和人民的许多利益。从政治和经济的角度来看,这一论述有好处,考虑到它可能带来的好处;从司法和学术的角度来看,从迁移国有资本背后的原因和紧迫性来看,这一论述有缺点。假设国家首都的发展将是均匀分布的,但实际上城市规划的管理并没有得到适当的实施。本研究建议需要进行更深入的研究,以便首都的搬迁能够根据国家目标为印度尼西亚人民提供更大的利益。
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引用次数: 0
The dichotomy of electoral choice in fragmented societies: Prospects of 2023 Nigerian general elections 分裂社会中选举选择的二分法:2023年尼日利亚大选的前景
Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.20473/mkp.v36i32023.329-341
Adeyinka Patrick Adewumi
Elections in fragmented states are usually contested along the divisive lines present within the geo polity, and this plays an important role in the emergence of political leaders. Nigeria, one of the most heterogeneous countries in the world, has exhibited predominantly ethnic voting since the consolidation of its fourth republic, and this has contributed to mixed socioeconomic and political fortunes. Using a qualitative approach based on secondary sources such as, books, journals, articles, this study highlights that mature democracies exhibit retrospective voting, through which objective scrutiny of government performance in the economy and other aspects of the state is done to determine whether to reward or punish political leaders at the polls. The limitations of primal and ethnic voting considerations in Nigeria, visible in development outcomes, call for a new guardrail to electoral choice. This paper argues the need for economic voting to predominate the ethnic considerations that determine electoral choice, as this can guarantee developmental outputs, and ensure political accountability that benefit the state. This study concludes that, if Nigeria is to experience significant changes in its fortunes going forward, the 2023 elections must change the narrative from non-evaluative considerations to evaluative voting considerations, for positive socioeconomic dividends.
分裂国家的选举通常是沿着地缘政治内部的分裂路线进行的,这在政治领导人的出现中起着重要作用。尼日利亚是世界上多元化程度最高的国家之一,自第四共和国巩固以来,该国的投票以种族为主,这导致了社会经济和政治命运的混合。本研究采用基于书籍、期刊、文章等二手资料的定性方法,强调了成熟的民主国家表现出回顾性投票,通过对政府在经济和国家其他方面的表现进行客观审查,以确定是奖励还是惩罚投票中的政治领导人。在尼日利亚,原始和种族投票考虑的局限性在发展成果中显而易见,这要求为选举选择设置新的护栏。本文认为,经济投票需要主导决定选举选择的种族考虑,因为这可以保证发展产出,并确保有利于国家的政治问责制。本研究的结论是,如果尼日利亚要在未来的命运中经历重大变化,2023年的选举必须将叙事从非评价性考虑转变为评价性投票考虑,以获得积极的社会经济红利。
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引用次数: 0
A statistical analysis of work-related accidents in women’s employment 妇女就业中工伤事故的统计分析
Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.20473/mkp.v36i32023.356-365
Fatih Yilmaz
Women are often victims of gender discrimination in various fields, including in the work environment. This research article aims to statistically evaluate the status of women’s employment and occupational accidents in some countries where regular data are available, and to provide predictions in the future. Using quantitative methods, data were analyzed with panel data analysis, bivariate correlation and two-step clustering methods. The findings of this study indicate that there is a positive and stronger correlation between work-injury for women than for men in all but a few developed social welfare countries. In some countries, while the correlation is negative for men, it is positive and strong for women. This study concludes that existing preventive regulations, including those in developed countries, are not sufficient to protect women. Women are more likely to work in non-traditional sectors where occupational health and safety (OHS) regulations are more flexible. Therefore, public authorities related to OHS should focus more on the conditions of this new industry in the future.
在各个领域,包括在工作环境中,妇女往往是性别歧视的受害者。这篇研究文章旨在统计评估一些有定期数据的国家的妇女就业和职业事故状况,并为未来提供预测。采用面板数据分析、双变量相关分析和两步聚类方法对数据进行定量分析。这项研究的结果表明,除了少数几个发达的社会福利国家外,所有国家的女性工伤与男性工伤之间存在着积极和更强的相关性。在一些国家,虽然这种相关性对男性来说是负的,但对女性来说是正的,而且很强。这项研究的结论是,现有的预防性条例,包括发达国家的条例,不足以保护妇女。妇女更有可能在职业健康和安全条例较为灵活的非传统部门工作。因此,未来与职业健康安全相关的公共部门应该更多地关注这一新兴行业的状况。
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引用次数: 0
The paradox of special autonomy: Why does wealth make Papua poor? 特殊自治的悖论:为什么财富使巴布亚贫穷?
Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.20473/mkp.v36i32023.408-420
Hendy Setiawan, Choirunnisa Choirunnisa
Papua’s Special Autonomy has been running for two decades with a budget disbursement of approximately 101.2 trillion rupiah. In line with that, this study aims to analyze the problems that occurred in Papua during the implementation of special autonomy. This research is qualitative research using data from books, journals, and media reports. This research adopts Bardhan and Mookherjee’s theory about the condition of fiscal decentralization which generates welfare. The research results substantially consist of two main things. First, from the point of view of local democracy, previously the special autonomy policy in Papua had not fully involved local (customary) figures in managing the special autonomy fund. Second, special autonomy in Papua has made budget items increase, both from central to regional transfer funds or other balancing funds. However, this fiscal authority is not accompanied by good capacity building for the organizers of the special autonomy for Papua. Therefore, it can be concluded that the implementation of special autonomy for Papua over the last two decades has not been able to function local democracy and produce reliable fiscal authorities so that the road to prosperity is still long.
巴布亚的特别自治已经运行了20年,预算支出约为101.2万亿印尼盾。在此基础上,本研究旨在分析巴布亚在实施特殊自治过程中出现的问题。这项研究是定性研究,使用的数据来自书籍、期刊和媒体报道。本研究采用巴德汉和穆克吉关于财政分权产生福利的条件的理论。研究结果主要包括两个方面。第一,从地方民主的观点来看,以前巴布亚的特别自治政策并没有使地方(习惯)人物充分参与管理特别自治基金。第二,巴布亚的特殊自治使得预算项目增加,无论是从中央到地区的转移资金还是其他平衡资金。然而,这种财政权力并没有伴随着为巴布亚特别自治的组织者进行良好的能力建设。因此,可以得出的结论是,过去二十年来对巴布亚实行的特别自治未能发挥地方民主的作用和产生可靠的财政当局,因此通往繁荣的道路仍然漫长。
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引用次数: 0
Physical culture for lifelong healthy participation: Expanding the horizon of individual interest and university engagement in physical education in higher education 终身健康参与的体育文化:在高等教育中拓展个人兴趣和大学参与体育教育的视野
Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.20473/mkp.v36i32023.342-355
Joseph Lobo, Jonar Martin, Jesus Argarin, Joel Tubera, Haynes Angelo Narciso, Genesis Dimalanta
The degree of an individual’s interest can be conceptualized as their inclination to experience specific emotions toward a particular domain, such as physical education. There is a lack of published scholarly literature exploring the correlation between individual interest and university engagement, particularly within the context of colleges and universities in the Philippines. The primary objective of this study is to enhance the understanding of the correlation between the two variables. Furthermore, the objective of this study is to ascertain the notable disparity in the individual interest and university engagement of students, taking into account their sexes and educational institution. This study uses a quantitative research method. Upon collecting data from a representative sample of college students, it was determined that there was no discernible variation in the levels of individual interest and university engagement based on gender and educational institution. Furthermore, a notable correlation has been identified between individual interest and engagement in higher education. Ultimately, the factors that contribute to university engagement include positive affect and readiness to reengage, stored utility value, stored attainment value, and knowledge-seeking intentions. The present study provides recommendations for future research initiatives and instructors in order to effectively promote lifelong engagement in physical culture among students, encouraging their participation in diverse healthy activities.
个人兴趣的程度可以被概念化为他们对特定领域(如体育)体验特定情感的倾向。研究个人兴趣与大学参与度之间相关性的学术文献缺乏,尤其是在菲律宾的高校背景下。本研究的主要目的是加强对这两个变量之间相关性的理解。此外,本研究的目的是确定学生在个人兴趣和大学参与方面的显著差异,考虑到他们的性别和教育机构。本研究采用定量研究方法。从大学生的代表性样本中收集数据后,确定了个人兴趣和大学参与水平在性别和教育机构的基础上没有明显的变化。此外,个人兴趣和参与高等教育之间存在显著的相关性。最终,促进大学参与的因素包括积极的影响和重新参与的准备、储存的效用价值、储存的成就价值和寻求知识的意图。为有效促进学生终身参与体育活动,鼓励他们参与各种健康活动,本研究为未来的研究倡议和教师提供了建议。
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引用次数: 0
#ShutItAllDown social protest: Examining emotional content on Twitter against sexual gender-based violence in Namibia #关闭社会抗议:检视推特上反对纳米比亚性别暴力的情感内容
Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.20473/mkp.v36i32023.316-328
Anthony Eniayejuni
Over the years, social media has evolved into the primary platform for political activism. Citizens have utilized social media platforms to mobilize people to band together and rise against injustice. Social protests usually occur because of citizens’ emotional reactions to perceptions of injustice. Citizens have traditionally used social protests to voice their dissatisfaction with government policies and to influence political reforms. Citizens’ participation in social protests is fraught with emotion. Emotions elicited by political stimuli play a vital role in initiating and guiding goal-directed behavior. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the emotions expressed in Twitter posts during the #ShutItAllDown social protest. This study uses a quantitative approach. The findings show that both positive and negative emotions expressed on social media accelerate Namibian youth participation in the #ShutItAllDown social protests. Fear, anger, and anticipation instigate people’s participation in protests, whereas joy and happiness are feelings of satisfaction that are experienced during goal achievement. Thus, protest participation arising from both positive and negative emotions enforces government reforms.
多年来,社交媒体已经演变成政治活动的主要平台。公民们利用社交媒体平台动员人们团结起来,反对不公正。社会抗议的发生通常是由于公民对不公正现象的情绪反应。公民传统上利用社会抗议来表达他们对政府政策的不满,并影响政治改革。公民参与社会抗议充满了情感。政治刺激引发的情绪在发起和指导目标导向行为中起着至关重要的作用。因此,本研究打算分析#ShutItAllDown社会抗议期间Twitter帖子中表达的情绪。本研究采用定量方法。研究结果显示,在社交媒体上表达的正面和负面情绪,都加速了纳米比亚青年参与#ShutItAllDown社会抗议活动。恐惧、愤怒和期待促使人们参与抗议,而快乐和幸福是在实现目标过程中体验到的满足感。因此,积极情绪和消极情绪引发的抗议参与推动了政府改革。
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引用次数: 0
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Masyarakat Kebudayaan dan Politik
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