Geoderma Regional最新文献

{"title":"Ammonia volatilization from NBPT-treated urea in no-till maize at different soil textures in South Brazil","authors":"Adriana Cancian ,&nbsp;Fernando Viero ,&nbsp;Sandra Mara Vieira Fontoura ,&nbsp;Johnny R. Soares ,&nbsp;Cimélio Bayer","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urea treated with urease inhibitors can significantly reduce NH₃ losses when urea is surface applied to the straw in a no-till (NT) system, but the site conditions may affect its efficiency. The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficiency of the NBPT [N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide] applied to common urea on the decrease of NH₃ volatilization in no-till maize in two sites with distinct soil textures, weather, and management in southern Brazil; and to evaluate the NBPT inhibition in delayed soil pH and NH₄⁺ elevation after urea hydrolysis. Two field experiments were conducted in the 2016/17 growing season at Guarapuava (GUA) (Rodhic Hapludox, clay) and Eldorado do Sul (ELD) (Typic Paleudult, sandy clay loam). The treatments were: (i) common urea (U) and (ii) U + urease inhibitor (U + NBPT), and (iii) control without N fertilization. The N sources were broadcast applied to maize at N rate of 100–180 kg ha⁻¹. In the laboratory, an experiment was conducted using U and U + NBPT, applied to the two soils, to evaluate urea hydrolysis. The NH₃ volatilization from U was faster and higher in the sandy soil compared to clayey soil, reaching 26 % of N applied in the first five days after application, compared to 10 % in GUA. In this period, the NBPT reduced the NH₃ loss from urea by 83 % in sandy soil (ELD) and 88 % in GUA (clay). After this period, rain events occurred, which favoured the diffusion of N from fertilizer in ELD, but not in GUA, where NH₃ losses increased from 10 to 14 % with U, and from 1 to 7 % with U + NBPT, reducing the efficiency of the inhibitor. Under controlled conditions, U application increased soil NH₄⁺ levels up to 207 to 224 mg kg⁻¹, and soil pH up to 6.8–8.1 in five days after application, while in U + NBPT the NH₄⁺ peak was reduced to 72 to 109 mg kg⁻¹ and pH to 6.2–7.2, showing similar efficiency in both soils. Nitrogen losses through NH₃ volatilization were intense during the first five days after urea application in no-till maize, especially in sandy soil. NBPT-treated urea is an effective N management practice in reducing ammonia losses in both sandy and clay soils; however, its efficiency decreases over time in the clay soil besides rainfall events. Further studies should investigate additional strategies to optimize NBPT efficiency in reducing NH₃ loss from urea in no-till systems in clay soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00946"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The temperature dependence of greenhouse gas production from Central African savannah soils","authors":"Nicholas T. Girkin ,&nbsp;Hannah V. Cooper ,&nbsp;Alice S. Johnston ,&nbsp;Martha Ledger ,&nbsp;G.R. Mouanda Niamba ,&nbsp;Christopher H. Vane ,&nbsp;Vicky Moss-Hayes ,&nbsp;Dafydd Crabtree ,&nbsp;Greta C. Dargie ,&nbsp;Saul Vasquez ,&nbsp;Yannick Bocko ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Mampouya Wenina ,&nbsp;Mackline Mbemba ,&nbsp;Arnoud Boom ,&nbsp;Suspense Averti Ifo ,&nbsp;Simon L. Lewis ,&nbsp;Sofie Sjögersten","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Savannahs cover 20 % of the global land surface, but there have been few studies of greenhouse gas (GHG) dynamics from savannah soils. Here, we assess potential turnover of carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) from surface (0–10 cm) and subsurface (20–30 cm) soils from two contrasting tropical savannah sites in the Republic of Congo, Central Africa, under dry (40 % water-filled-pore-space, WFPS) and wet (70 % WFPS) conditions. Under baseline conditions (25 °C), we found soils were sources of CO₂ and N₂O, but a sink for CH₄. Assessment of the temperature response of GHG fluxes between 20 and 35 °C revealed variable temperature dependences. That is, CO₂ fluxes showed a strong temperature response, whereas the temperature response of N₂O fluxes was only significant under dry conditions, and no significant temperature response of CH₄ fluxes was observed. The temperature quotient (Q₁₀) of soil respiration increased from 1.58 ± 0.004 to 1.92 ± 0.006 at sites with lower soil organic carbon contents. The relative increase in N₂O with CO₂ fluxes across temperatures was significantly influenced by moisture conditions at both sites. No temperature or soil moisture response was observed for CH₄ fluxes, collectively implying divergent GHG responses to changing climatic conditions. Using Rock-Eval pyrolysis we assessed the organic chemistry of all soil types, which indicated contrasting degrees of stability of carbon sources between sites and with depth which, alongside significant differences in a range of other soil parameters (including organic matter content, total carbon, total nitrogen, electrical conductivity, and pH), may account for site-specific differences in baseline GHG emissions. Taken together, our results are amongst the first measures of GHG temperature sensitivity of tropical savannah soils, and demonstrate that soil CO₂ emissions are more sensitive to warming and changes in moisture than the emissions of other GHGs, although relatively low compared to responses reported for soils from other tropical ecosystems. This implies that GHG fluxes form savannah soils in the region may be at least partially resilient to climate-induced soil warming compared to other ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00934"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of sowing time of maize and ruzigrass intercropping systems on soil chemical, physical and microbiological properties in an Oxisol from southern Brazil","authors":"Doglas Bassegio ,&nbsp;Deonir Secco ,&nbsp;Diva de Souza Andrade ,&nbsp;Luiz Antônio Zanão Júnior ,&nbsp;Araceli Ciotti de Marins ,&nbsp;Samuel Nelson Melegari de Souza ,&nbsp;Pablo Chang ,&nbsp;Vinicius Rigueiro Messa ,&nbsp;Matheus Rodrigues Savioli ,&nbsp;Mayra Beatriz Semiano Castro ,&nbsp;Éllen Lemes Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sowing time of ruzigrass (<em>Urochloa ruziziensis</em>) intercropped with maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) influences the above- and belowground biomass, affecting soil properties. This study evaluated the effects of sowing times of maize and ruzigrass on the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties in an Oxisol in southern Brazil. The sowing time included intercropping maize with ruzigrass (i) sown before maize, (ii) sown at the time of maize sowing, (iii) sown after maize, and was compared to the (iv) sole maize (control treatment). The soil physical (bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, and saturated hydraulic conductivity), chemical (soil pH, soil organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium), and microbiological properties (microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, arylsulfatase, β-glucosidase, and acid and alkaline phosphatase activities) were analyzed after three years. Sowing time of maize with ruzigrass affected the competition between ruzigrass and maize and impacted soil properties. In the intercropping of ruzigrass sown before maize, the bulk density at the 10–20 cm depth was 10 % lower than in the sole maize. The benefits of intercropping maize with ruzigrass for bulk density, total porosity, macroporosity, microbial biomass, and enzyme activity were higher when ruzigrass was sown before and at the time of maize sowing than that of ruzigrass sown after maize and sole maize. Sowing of ruzigrass after maize sowing was less effective in improving the physical and microbiological properties of the soil. The changes in soil chemical properties under intercropping maize with ruzigrass took longer to be observed than the soil physical and microbiological properties, indicating that physical and microbiological properties are more sensitive indicators of soil quality. The results of this study can be used to guide integrated intercropping strategies in no-tillage cropping systems to maximize positive effects on soil quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00937"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of soil use and management systems on soil health in Southern Brazil","authors":"Regiane Kazmierczak Becker ,&nbsp;Carolina Weigert Galvão ,&nbsp;Rafael Mazer Etto ,&nbsp;Daiane Hyeda ,&nbsp;Ariane Lentice de Paula ,&nbsp;Luis Miguel Schiebelbein ,&nbsp;Neyde Fabíola Balarezo Giarola","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for adopting more sustainable agricultural management practices worldwide has prompted soil health assessment studies. In southern Brazil, there is a growing diversification in soil use and management systems. This study aimed to evaluate soil health under different soil use and management systems in this region using the Soil Management Assessment Framework. The study investigated secondary forest, no-tillage, and pasture across three mesoregions of Paraná State: West, Southwest, and Central East. Soil health was evaluated in the surface layer, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess the effect of soil use and management on soil health. Scores for bulk density, water-filled pore space, pH, phosphorus, potassium, microbial biomass carbon, and β-glucosidase activity were sensitive to detecting changes in soil conditions. However, other indicators, such as macroaggregate stability and total organic carbon, need refined algorithms for regional adaptation. Differences in soil health among soil use and management were observed. Secondary forest generally maintained optimal soil health indices, with values above 0.86. No-tillage showed good soil health indices in the evaluated layer, with values above 0.80. Notably, no-tillage with organic agricultural systems and the application of organic residues appeared to contribute positively to soil health improvement, with indices reaching 0.86 and 0.89, respectively. Pastures, especially silvopasture, showed potential for improving soil health through plant diversity, achieving an index of 0.88. We suggest that future studies compare different soil health indices to improve algorithms for interpreting soil health indicators on a regional scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00932"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of sampling frequency for the observed dynamics of SOC content in the Danish long-term monitoring network","authors":"Laura Sofie Harbo ,&nbsp;Rojina Lama ,&nbsp;Camilla Lemming ,&nbsp;Lars Elsgaard","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring soil organic carbon (SOC) content is crucial for understanding the role of agricultural soils in carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation. However, the influence of sampling frequency on the accuracy of SOC content trends remains an open question. This study investigates the effect of different sampling intervals using soils from the Danish long-term Soil Monitoring Network (SMN), which includes both decadal (every 10–12 years) and more frequent (7–11 times over 30 years) sampling since 1986, where the latter samples were originally collected (and archived) for analysis of soil mineral nitrogen. Our results show that decadal sampling effectively captures long-term SOC content trends, with no significant differences compared to more frequent sampling. Year-to-year variability in SOC content was high, suggesting that short-term fluctuations may mask long-term trends. This variability is reduced when SOC content trends are analysed over multi-year periods. To balance resource limitations with the need for temporal resolution, we suggest that a 3–5 year sampling scheme could be implemented, where a subset of SMN sites is sampled each year. This approach would provide finer temporal detail without the cost and effort of annual monitoring, while maintaining the ability to detect meaningful trends in SOC content dynamics. From an operational perspective, a rotational or rolling sampling strategy where only a fraction of sites (e.g., 20–30 %) are sampled each year such that all sites are eventually sampled in the monitoring period, would also help to maintain continuity of field expertise and laboratory capacity, ensuring consistent data quality over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00931"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Land use change and forest management affect soil carbon stocks in the central hardwoods, U.S.","authors":"Lucas E. Nave ,&nbsp;Kendall DeLyser ,&nbsp;Grant M. Domke ,&nbsp;Scott M. Holub ,&nbsp;John M. Kabrick ,&nbsp;Adrienne B. Keller ,&nbsp;Patricia Leopold ,&nbsp;Matthew P. Peters ,&nbsp;Kevin A. Solarik ,&nbsp;Christopher W. Swanston","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most research addressing land use change and forest management effects on soil carbon (C) is conducted at large or localized scales, rather than intermediate scales where management is planned and implemented. We assessed effects of land use and forest management on soil C stocks, for the Central Hardwoods ecoregion of the U.S., using meta-analysis, soil survey and national forest inventory databases to examine baseline controls on soil C stocks and their responses to land use and forest management. Biotic and geologic factors drive baseline variation in soil C stocks across the ecoregion, with forest type and productivity being most important in surface horizons and parent material dominating at the whole profile level. Among forest management treatments, prescribed fire is most noteworthy, decreasing O horizons to an extent determined by place and practice (mean: −53 %). Coal mine reclamation is extensive in the region, and while there is no effect of forest vs. herbaceous reclamation, distinct overburden types have different effects on soil C stocks (mean: +183 %). Land use change effects on soil C are difficult to determine due to the preferential use of the most favorable soils for agriculture, the relegation of forests to the least productive soils, and the tendency for reforestation to occur on marginal soils. Overall, our results can help forest managers anticipate the C outcomes of typical burn prescriptions in this region of extensive prescribed fire, and help landowners and planners understand how parent material and soil properties influence soil C stocks under agriculture and mine reclamation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00930"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing soil multifunctionality of coastal peat grasslands","authors":"C.T. Kraamwinkel ,&nbsp;J.A. Beaulieu ,&nbsp;S.C. Feron ,&nbsp;C. Vazquez ,&nbsp;W. de Haan ,&nbsp;R.A. Howison","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soils have the capacity to provide a wide range of soil functions that can help address socio-environmental challenges, such as climate change and biodiversity loss. Here, we apply the Functional Land Management framework aimed at optimally balancing supply and demand of soil functions at a landscape-scale to drained coastal peat (<em>Histosols</em>) in Friesland, The Netherlands. We focus on the supply side by assessing the capacity of grassland peat soils with different topsoil types to provide five soil functions: climate regulation, habitat provision, nutrient cycling, water storage, and primary productivity. A field campaign was conducted in March 2022 to collect data on soil, water, vegetation, and management from 30 grasslands mapped as peat on the national soil map (Basisregistratie Ondergrond). Results revealed significant differences in above and belowground field conditions between peat with different topsoil types. Peat soils with a mineral cover are predominantly used as grasslands for dairy farming, with a clear differentiation in functioning between fields managed by organic and conventional farmers. Peat soils without a mineral cover are generally owned by nature organizations and managed as semi-natural grasslands aimed at optimizing aboveground habitat provision. Our results show that conventional agricultural management, including deep drainage and high fertilizer inputs, results in moderate to high nutrient cycling and primary productivity, along with low climate regulation, water storage and habitat provision. Extensification results in a decrease in primary productivity and nutrient cycling along with a strong increase in climate regulation, water storage, and habitat provision. To optimize landscape-scale provision of soil functions, we recommend promoting soil multifunctionality while maintaining moderately high yields on peat with a mineral cover. To benefit from the unique and yet unmet potential of peat soil for climate regulation and water storage, we recommend tailoring management of peat soils without a mineral cover to fully restore natural peatlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00929"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Better management zoning with elevation than with three soil classifications in a periodically waterlogged plot","authors":"Tibor Tóth ,&nbsp;Szilárd Szabó ,&nbsp;Tibor Novák ,&nbsp;Szabolcs Czigány ,&nbsp;Mihály Kocsis ,&nbsp;András Makó ,&nbsp;Bence Gallai ,&nbsp;Mátyás Árvai ,&nbsp;János Mészáros ,&nbsp;Kitti Balog","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Following a comparison of the practical applicability of USDA Soil Taxonomy (ST), Hungarian soil classification (HU), and WRB in a slightly saline alluvial plot (Tóth et al., 2021), in this study, we compared the polygon alignment derived from the three systems, relative to the pattern of elevation and mean NDVI. The final objective focused on delineating potential management zones. The study plot is the largest salt-affected plot in the country (0.9 km^{<strong>2</strong>}). Within this plot, 85 undisturbed, 1 m deep profiles were collected, sampled, described and classified using a 100 × 100 m grid. We described the polygon alignment qualitatively and through the use of landscape metrics. Additionally, we evaluated number of classes and polygons, and delineated potential management zones based on environmental variables.</div><div>Large dominant polygons were found at level 1, the least detailed of all three classifications. The polygons became increasingly fragmented at levels 2, 3 and 4, where isolated single raster cell polygons dominated the plot in each classification: 96 % in WRB, 73 % in HU and 70 % in ST, compared to the total number of polygons. Landscape metrics proved that ST exhibited the best north–south orientation (the orientation of highs/lows), length, perimeter, area, aggregation and interspersion/juxtaposition of polygons. HU showed an intermediate performance, while WRB had the least satisfactory alignment with the north–south orientation, length, perimeter and area, as well as patch cohesion and aggregation of polygons. After analyzing the scatterplot of elevation versus mean NDVI, and also elevation versus long-term NDVI range, we noted a cutpoint of 95.47 m, which separated the more productive and less variable zone from the lower lying less productive less certain zone, given its periodical precipitation-related waterlogging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00927"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil organic carbon dynamics (2008–2020) across different cultivated land use types in a subtropical region","authors":"Jianming Li ,&nbsp;Siqi Li ,&nbsp;Rui Zhao ,&nbsp;Shihe Xing ,&nbsp;Hanyue Chen ,&nbsp;Yan Huang ,&nbsp;Liming Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Li","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil organic carbon (SOC) improves soil structure, retains water, and increases nutrient availability, which enhances crop productivity and serves as a significant carbon sink for climate mitigation. While it has been proposed that alterations in land use can significantly influence SOC sequestration, limited research has delved into the distinct impacts of various types of cultivated land use. The main objective of this study was to compare differences in SOC dynamics across diverse cultivated land use types in 84 counties (cities and districts) within Fujian Province, a typical subtropical area of China. This study utilizes 230,445 measured soil samples and a high-resolution 1:50,000 soil map—the most detailed database of its kind applied at the provincial scale—to simulate SOC dynamics under different cultivated land use types from 2008 to 2020. By integrating this comprehensive dataset with the DNDC (Denitrification and Decomposition) model, our approach offers greater spatial precision and more robust simulations. The results indicated that the average annual soil carbon sequestration rate (<em>d</em>_<em>SOC</em>) for all cultivated land, paddy fields, dry land, and irrigated land, was 13.16, 30.98, −12.31, and −5.52 kg·ha⁻¹, respectively. The total change of SOC (<em>T</em>_{<em>ΔSOC</em>}) values were 171.06 Gg and 402.80 Gg for all cultivated land and paddy fields, while they were −160.20 Gg and −71.72 Gg for dry land and irrigated land, respectively. Over the past 13 years, the interannual variations of <em>T</em>_{<em>ΔSOC</em>} reveal a range of −263.66 to 254.71 Gg across all cultivated land in the province. Positive <em>T</em>_{<em>ΔSOC</em>} for all cultivated land dominated from 2008 to 2016, while a shift to negative values is apparent after 2017. In general, the cultivated land throughout the province displayed a modest carbon-sink behavior. More specifically, paddy fields functioned as effective carbon sinks, while both dry land and irrigated land behaved as carbon sources. The high initial SOC content is the main direct factor negatively correlated with <em>d</em>_<em>SOC</em>. Rainfall indirectly reduces <em>d</em>_<em>SOC</em> by promoting an increase in clay content in both dry land and irrigated land. To improve future agricultural management, we should increase the amount of organic fertilizer applied to paddy field while maintaining economic efficiency and crop growth, and apply biochar and implement wet season drainage for both dry and irrigated land.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00926"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A coupled model of greenhouse gas emissions from erosion and accretion prone zones of mangrove ecosystem, Sundarban, India","authors":"Nilanjan Das ,&nbsp;Debarati Pal ,&nbsp;Rabin Chakrabortty ,&nbsp;Subodh Chandra Pal ,&nbsp;Sudipto Mandal","doi":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geodrs.2025.e00928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil erosion (SE) and accretion process resulting from anthropogenic and natural causes has a substantial impact on soil quality and functionality, thereby influencing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Here, the determination of the extent of SE, resultant accretion and emissions of GHGs like CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O was quantified from the Sundarban mangrove ecosystem (SME). A Random Forest (RF) spatial model was proposed to predict the geographical distribution of GHG emissions throughout the Sundarban. Gas samples were gathered from the mangrove bed in 2022 using the enclosed box technique. Next, the <em>Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission Digital Elevation Model (</em>SRTM DEM), and Landsat 8 data were used to produce thematic inputs for the RUSLE model in a GIS platform. Both models were coupled to observe the match between erosion and GHG emission. The result showed that coastal most western part of Sundarban is prominent for CO₂ (28.29–31.29 mmol m⁻² d⁻¹) and CH₄ (0.281–0.329 mmol m⁻² d⁻¹) emission while N₂O fluctuated more (0.137–0.169 mmol m⁻² d⁻¹) at central eastern part due to high deforested agriculture and aquaculture practices. The study revealed that the islands of Sundarban, located at the edge of the Bay of Bengal (BoB) have an increased risk of SE (&gt;12 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹) as these islands encounter high oceanic water surges and cyclones yearly. The accuracy of the models were adjudged by the estimation of SE and GHG emission. The measured precision and area under the curve of receiver operating characteristics was 0.796 for RUSLE and 0.784 for RF models, respectively. An “Automated Linear Regression (ALR) model” showed that N₂O was the most sensitive (Normalized Importance: 0.55) to erosion. Regression results showed association between GHGs and erosion were weakly correlated (R² for CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O were 54.79 %, 43.51 %, and 55.08 %). According to the “Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model, rainfall and runoff erosivity factor (R)” was the prime governing factor (normalized importance 100 %) for SE. The “RUSLE model” with “Coupled Model Intercomparison Project-6 (CMIP6)” “rainfall data”, a “Global Circulation Model (GCM)” and the historical climatic data from 1960 to 1989 revealed the CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O emissions would be 7.13 %, 39.25 %, and 38.18 % respectively by 2100. Accretion phenomena was more on the upstream regions of the Sundarban estuary. The work will help the environmental managers in identifying the erosion-prone zones, thereby reducing the land cover changes for anthropogenic benefits that promoted SE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56001,"journal":{"name":"Geoderma Regional","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article e00928"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}