Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adr7180
{"title":"Erratum for the Research Article “Excitation of natural spinal reflex loops in the sensory-motor control of hand prostheses” by P. G. Sagastegui Alva et al.","authors":"","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adr7180","DOIUrl":"10.1126/scirobotics.adr7180","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"9 92","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Effective mosquito population suppression has been repeatedly demonstrated in field trials through the release of male mosquitoes to induce sterile mating with wild females using the incompatible insect technique (IIT), the sterile insect technique (SIT), or their combination. However, upscaling these techniques requires a highly efficient and scalable approach for the sex separation of mass-reared mosquitoes to minimize the unintentional release of females, which can lead to either population replacement or biting nuisance, a major bottleneck up to now. Here, we report the successful development of an automated mosquito pupa sex sorter that can effectively separate large numbers of males from females for population suppression of Aedes aegypti, A. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus. The male production capacity of the automated sex sorter was increased by ~17-fold compared with manual sex separation with the Fay-Morlan sorter and enabled one person to separate 16 million males per week. With ~0.5% female contamination, the produced males exhibited high flight ability and mating performance. The field trial demonstrates that the quality of A. albopictus males produced using the automated sex sorter is suitable for inducing population suppression. These results indicate that the automated sex sorter offers the potential to upscale IIT and SIT against mosquito vectors for disease control.
{"title":"Upscaling the production of sterile male mosquitoes with an automated pupa sex sorter","authors":"Jun-Tao Gong, Wadaka Mamai, Xiaohua Wang, Jian Zhu, Yongjun Li, Julian Liu, Qixian Tang, Yuanhui Huang, Jixin Zhang, Jiayi Zhou, Hamidou Maiga, Nanwintoum Séverin Bimbilé Somda, Claudia Martina, Simran Singh Kotla, Thomas Wallner, Jérémy Bouyer, Zhiyong Xi","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adj6261","DOIUrl":"10.1126/scirobotics.adj6261","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Effective mosquito population suppression has been repeatedly demonstrated in field trials through the release of male mosquitoes to induce sterile mating with wild females using the incompatible insect technique (IIT), the sterile insect technique (SIT), or their combination. However, upscaling these techniques requires a highly efficient and scalable approach for the sex separation of mass-reared mosquitoes to minimize the unintentional release of females, which can lead to either population replacement or biting nuisance, a major bottleneck up to now. Here, we report the successful development of an automated mosquito pupa sex sorter that can effectively separate large numbers of males from females for population suppression of <i>Aedes aegypti</i>, <i>A. albopictus</i>, and <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i>. The male production capacity of the automated sex sorter was increased by ~17-fold compared with manual sex separation with the Fay-Morlan sorter and enabled one person to separate 16 million males per week. With ~0.5% female contamination, the produced males exhibited high flight ability and mating performance. The field trial demonstrates that the quality of <i>A. albopictus</i> males produced using the automated sex sorter is suitable for inducing population suppression. These results indicate that the automated sex sorter offers the potential to upscale IIT and SIT against mosquito vectors for disease control.</div>","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"9 92","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/scirobotics.adj6261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adr0224
Jacob E. Crawford
Drone-based mosquito releases facilitate the introduction of dengue-blocking bacteria in wild mosquito populations.
无人驾驶飞机释放蚊子有助于在野生蚊子种群中引入登革热阻断细菌。
{"title":"Virus-blocking mosquitoes take flight in the fight against dengue","authors":"Jacob E. Crawford","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adr0224","DOIUrl":"10.1126/scirobotics.adr0224","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Drone-based mosquito releases facilitate the introduction of dengue-blocking bacteria in wild mosquito populations.</div>","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"9 92","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adk7913
Ya-Hsun Lin, Dirk Albert Joubert, Sebastian Kaeser, Cameron Dowd, Jurg Germann, Anam Khalid, Jai Andrew Denton, Kate Retski, Aminiasi Tavui, Cameron Paul Simmons, Scott Leslie O’Neill, Jeremie Roger Lionel Gilles
Over the past 50 years, there has been a marked increase in diseases like dengue fever, chikungunya, and Zika. The World Mosquito Program (WMP) has developed an approach that, instead of attempting to eliminate vector species, introduces Wolbachia into native Aedes aegypti populations through the release of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes. Using this approach, a randomized controlled study recently demonstrated a 77% reduction in dengue across a treatment area within Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Existing release methods use the ground-based release of mosquito eggs or adults that are labor-intensive, are logistically challenging to scale up, and can be restrictive in areas where staff safety is a concern. To overcome these limitations, we developed a fully automated mosquito dosing release system that released smaller cohorts of mosquitoes over a wide area and integrated it into an uncrewed aerial vehicle. We established the effectiveness of this system using an aerial mark, release, and recapture approach. We then demonstrated that using only the aerial release method, we can establish Wolbachia infection in a naive Ae. aegypti population. In both cases, the use of aerial releases demonstrated comparable outcomes to ground-based releases without the required labor or risk. These two trials demonstrated the feasibility of using an aerial release approach for large-scale mosquito releases.
{"title":"Field deployment of Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti using uncrewed aerial vehicle","authors":"Ya-Hsun Lin, Dirk Albert Joubert, Sebastian Kaeser, Cameron Dowd, Jurg Germann, Anam Khalid, Jai Andrew Denton, Kate Retski, Aminiasi Tavui, Cameron Paul Simmons, Scott Leslie O’Neill, Jeremie Roger Lionel Gilles","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adk7913","DOIUrl":"10.1126/scirobotics.adk7913","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Over the past 50 years, there has been a marked increase in diseases like dengue fever, chikungunya, and Zika. The World Mosquito Program (WMP) has developed an approach that, instead of attempting to eliminate vector species, introduces <i>Wolbachia</i> into native <i>Aedes aegypti</i> populations through the release of <i>Wolbachia</i>-infected mosquitoes. Using this approach, a randomized controlled study recently demonstrated a 77% reduction in dengue across a treatment area within Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Existing release methods use the ground-based release of mosquito eggs or adults that are labor-intensive, are logistically challenging to scale up, and can be restrictive in areas where staff safety is a concern. To overcome these limitations, we developed a fully automated mosquito dosing release system that released smaller cohorts of mosquitoes over a wide area and integrated it into an uncrewed aerial vehicle. We established the effectiveness of this system using an aerial mark, release, and recapture approach. We then demonstrated that using only the aerial release method, we can establish <i>Wolbachia</i> infection in a naive <i>Ae. aegypti</i> population. In both cases, the use of aerial releases demonstrated comparable outcomes to ground-based releases without the required labor or risk. These two trials demonstrated the feasibility of using an aerial release approach for large-scale mosquito releases.</div>","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"9 92","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/scirobotics.adk7913","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adr9645
Melisa Yashinski
Artificial neuroendocrine system responds to interaction with users and modulates robot behavior.
人工神经内分泌系统响应与用户的互动，并调节机器人的行为。
{"title":"Robot behavior that can adapt to user interaction","authors":"Melisa Yashinski","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adr9645","DOIUrl":"10.1126/scirobotics.adr9645","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Artificial neuroendocrine system responds to interaction with users and modulates robot behavior.</div>","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"9 92","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141861773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adk9978
Marco Pontin, Dana D. Damian
Resilience is crucial for the self-preservation of biological systems: Humans recover from wounds thanks to an immune system that autonomously enacts a multistage response to promote healing. Similar passive mechanisms can enable pneumatic soft robots to overcome common faults such as bursts originating from punctures or overpressurization. Recent technological advancements, ranging from fault-tolerant controllers for robot reconfigurability to self-healing materials, have paved the way for robot resilience. However, these techniques require powerful processors and large datasets or external hardware. How to extend the operational life span of damaged soft robots with minimal computational and physical resources remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated a multimodal pneumatic soft valve capable of passive resilient reactions, triggered by faults, to prevent or isolate damage in soft robots. In its forward operation mode, the valve, requiring a single supply pressure, isolated punctured soft inflatable elements from the rest of the soft robot in as fast as 21 milliseconds. In its reverse operation mode, the valve can passively protect robots against overpressurization caused by external disturbances, avoiding plastic deformations and bursts. Furthermore, the two modes combined enabled the creation of an endogenously controlled valve capable of autonomous burst isolation. We demonstrated the passive and quick response and the possibility of monolithic integration of the soft valve in grippers and crawling robots. The approach proposed in this study provides a distributed small-footprint alternative to controller-based resilience and is expected to help soft robots achieve uninterrupted long-lasting operation.
{"title":"Multimodal soft valve enables physical responsiveness for preemptive resilience of soft robots","authors":"Marco Pontin, Dana D. Damian","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adk9978","DOIUrl":"10.1126/scirobotics.adk9978","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Resilience is crucial for the self-preservation of biological systems: Humans recover from wounds thanks to an immune system that autonomously enacts a multistage response to promote healing. Similar passive mechanisms can enable pneumatic soft robots to overcome common faults such as bursts originating from punctures or overpressurization. Recent technological advancements, ranging from fault-tolerant controllers for robot reconfigurability to self-healing materials, have paved the way for robot resilience. However, these techniques require powerful processors and large datasets or external hardware. How to extend the operational life span of damaged soft robots with minimal computational and physical resources remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated a multimodal pneumatic soft valve capable of passive resilient reactions, triggered by faults, to prevent or isolate damage in soft robots. In its forward operation mode, the valve, requiring a single supply pressure, isolated punctured soft inflatable elements from the rest of the soft robot in as fast as 21 milliseconds. In its reverse operation mode, the valve can passively protect robots against overpressurization caused by external disturbances, avoiding plastic deformations and bursts. Furthermore, the two modes combined enabled the creation of an endogenously controlled valve capable of autonomous burst isolation. We demonstrated the passive and quick response and the possibility of monolithic integration of the soft valve in grippers and crawling robots. The approach proposed in this study provides a distributed small-footprint alternative to controller-based resilience and is expected to help soft robots achieve uninterrupted long-lasting operation.</div>","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"9 92","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/scirobotics.adk9978","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141755185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adk6664
Fabiola Diana, Lola Cañamero, Ruud Hortensius, Mariska E. Kret
Robotics, using social mechanisms like hormonal modulation, may accelerate our understanding of core sociality principles.
机器人利用激素调节等社会机制，可能会加速我们对社会性核心原理的理解。
{"title":"Merging sociality and robotics through an evolutionary perspective","authors":"Fabiola Diana, Lola Cañamero, Ruud Hortensius, Mariska E. Kret","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adk6664","DOIUrl":"10.1126/scirobotics.adk6664","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Robotics, using social mechanisms like hormonal modulation, may accelerate our understanding of core sociality principles.</div>","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"9 92","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adk6717
Jae In Kim, Jaeyoun Choi, Junhyung Kim, Junkyung Song, Jaebum Park, Yong-Lae Park
Lumbar spine injuries resulting from heavy or repetitive lifting remain a prevalent concern in workplaces. Back-support devices have been developed to mitigate these injuries by aiding workers during lifting tasks. However, existing devices often fall short in providing multidimensional force assistance for asymmetric lifting, an essential feature for practical workplace use. In addition, validation of device safety across the entire human spine has been lacking. This paper introduces the Bilateral Back Extensor Exosuit (BBEX), a robotic back-support device designed to address both functionality and safety concerns. The design of the BBEX draws inspiration from the anatomical characteristics of the human spine and back extensor muscles. Using a multi–degree-of-freedom architecture and serially connected linear actuators, the device’s components are strategically arranged to closely mimic the biomechanics of the human spine and back extensor muscles. To establish the efficacy and safety of the BBEX, a series of experiments with human participants was conducted. Eleven healthy male participants engaged in symmetric and asymmetric lifting tasks while wearing the BBEX. The results confirm the ability of the BBEX to provide effective multidimensional force assistance. Moreover, comprehensive safety validation was achieved through analyses of muscle fatigue in the upper and the lower erector spinae muscles, as well as mechanical loading on spinal joints during both lifting scenarios. By seamlessly integrating functionality inspired by human biomechanics with a focus on safety, this study offers a promising solution to address the persistent challenge of preventing lumbar spine injuries in demanding work environments.
{"title":"Bilateral Back Extensor Exosuit for multidimensional assistance and prevention of spinal injuries","authors":"Jae In Kim, Jaeyoun Choi, Junhyung Kim, Junkyung Song, Jaebum Park, Yong-Lae Park","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adk6717","DOIUrl":"10.1126/scirobotics.adk6717","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Lumbar spine injuries resulting from heavy or repetitive lifting remain a prevalent concern in workplaces. Back-support devices have been developed to mitigate these injuries by aiding workers during lifting tasks. However, existing devices often fall short in providing multidimensional force assistance for asymmetric lifting, an essential feature for practical workplace use. In addition, validation of device safety across the entire human spine has been lacking. This paper introduces the Bilateral Back Extensor Exosuit (BBEX), a robotic back-support device designed to address both functionality and safety concerns. The design of the BBEX draws inspiration from the anatomical characteristics of the human spine and back extensor muscles. Using a multi–degree-of-freedom architecture and serially connected linear actuators, the device’s components are strategically arranged to closely mimic the biomechanics of the human spine and back extensor muscles. To establish the efficacy and safety of the BBEX, a series of experiments with human participants was conducted. Eleven healthy male participants engaged in symmetric and asymmetric lifting tasks while wearing the BBEX. The results confirm the ability of the BBEX to provide effective multidimensional force assistance. Moreover, comprehensive safety validation was achieved through analyses of muscle fatigue in the upper and the lower erector spinae muscles, as well as mechanical loading on spinal joints during both lifting scenarios. By seamlessly integrating functionality inspired by human biomechanics with a focus on safety, this study offers a promising solution to address the persistent challenge of preventing lumbar spine injuries in demanding work environments.</div>","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"9 92","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141755186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-17DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.adk4533
Terry Ching, Joseph Zhi Wei Lee, Shane Kyi Hla Win, Luke Soe Thura Win, Danial Sufiyan, Charlotte Pei Xuan Lim, Nidhi Nagaraju, Yi-Chin Toh, Shaohui Foong, Michinao Hashimoto
This paper introduces an approach to fabricating lightweight, untethered soft robots capable of diverse biomimetic locomotion. Untethering soft robotics from electrical or pneumatic power remains one of the prominent challenges within the field. The development of functional untethered soft robotic systems hinges heavily on mitigating their weight; however, the conventional weight of pneumatic network actuators (pneu-nets) in soft robots has hindered untethered operations. To address this challenge, we developed film-balloon (FiBa) modules that drastically reduced the weight of soft actuators. FiBa modules combine transversely curved polymer thin films and three-dimensionally printed pneumatic balloons to achieve varied locomotion modes. These lightweight FiBa modules serve as building blocks to create untethered soft robots mimicking natural movement strategies. These modules substantially reduce overall robot weight, allowing the integration of components such as pumps, valves, batteries, and control boards, thereby enabling untethered operation. FiBa modules integrated with electronic components demonstrated four bioinspired modes of locomotion, including turtle-inspired crawling, inchworm-inspired climbing, bat-inspired perching, and ladybug-inspired flying. Overall, our study offers an alternative tool for designing and customizing lightweight, untethered soft robots with advanced functionalities. The reduction of the weight of soft robots enabled by our approach opens doors to a wide range of applications, including disaster relief, space exploration, remote sensing, and search and rescue operations, where lightweight, untethered soft robotic systems are essential.
本文介绍了一种制造轻型无系软体机器人的方法，这种机器人能够进行各种仿生物运动。将软体机器人从电力或气动动力中解脱出来仍然是该领域面临的突出挑战之一。开发功能性无系链软体机器人系统在很大程度上取决于减轻其重量；然而，软体机器人中气动网络致动器（气动网）的传统重量阻碍了无系链操作。为了应对这一挑战，我们开发了薄膜气球（FiBa）模块，大大减轻了软致动器的重量。FiBa 模块将横向弯曲的聚合物薄膜和三维打印的气动气球结合在一起，实现了各种运动模式。这些轻质的 FiBa 模块可作为模仿自然运动策略的无系软体机器人的构建模块。这些模块大大减轻了机器人的整体重量，可集成泵、阀门、电池和控制板等组件，从而实现无系绳操作。集成了电子元件的 FiBa 模块展示了四种生物启发运动模式，包括乌龟启发的爬行、尺蠖启发的攀爬、蝙蝠启发的栖息和瓢虫启发的飞行。总之，我们的研究为设计和定制具有高级功能的轻型无系软体机器人提供了另一种工具。我们的方法减轻了软体机器人的重量，为包括救灾、太空探索、遥感和搜救行动在内的广泛应用打开了大门，在这些应用中，轻型、无系绳软体机器人系统是必不可少的。
{"title":"Crawling, climbing, perching, and flying by FiBa soft robots","authors":"Terry Ching, Joseph Zhi Wei Lee, Shane Kyi Hla Win, Luke Soe Thura Win, Danial Sufiyan, Charlotte Pei Xuan Lim, Nidhi Nagaraju, Yi-Chin Toh, Shaohui Foong, Michinao Hashimoto","doi":"10.1126/scirobotics.adk4533","DOIUrl":"10.1126/scirobotics.adk4533","url":null,"abstract":"<div >This paper introduces an approach to fabricating lightweight, untethered soft robots capable of diverse biomimetic locomotion. Untethering soft robotics from electrical or pneumatic power remains one of the prominent challenges within the field. The development of functional untethered soft robotic systems hinges heavily on mitigating their weight; however, the conventional weight of pneumatic network actuators (pneu-nets) in soft robots has hindered untethered operations. To address this challenge, we developed film-balloon (FiBa) modules that drastically reduced the weight of soft actuators. FiBa modules combine transversely curved polymer thin films and three-dimensionally printed pneumatic balloons to achieve varied locomotion modes. These lightweight FiBa modules serve as building blocks to create untethered soft robots mimicking natural movement strategies. These modules substantially reduce overall robot weight, allowing the integration of components such as pumps, valves, batteries, and control boards, thereby enabling untethered operation. FiBa modules integrated with electronic components demonstrated four bioinspired modes of locomotion, including turtle-inspired crawling, inchworm-inspired climbing, bat-inspired perching, and ladybug-inspired flying. Overall, our study offers an alternative tool for designing and customizing lightweight, untethered soft robots with advanced functionalities. The reduction of the weight of soft robots enabled by our approach opens doors to a wide range of applications, including disaster relief, space exploration, remote sensing, and search and rescue operations, where lightweight, untethered soft robotic systems are essential.</div>","PeriodicalId":56029,"journal":{"name":"Science Robotics","volume":"9 92","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":26.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141636005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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