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Significance of identifying diverse underlying etiologies in neonatal hypocalcemia 确定新生儿低钙血症的各种潜在病因的意义
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.05.001
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引用次数: 0
Transient megaesophagus in a 14-year-old adolescent with chest pain and dyspnea 一名伴有胸痛和呼吸困难的 14 岁青少年的一过性巨食管症
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.04.009
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引用次数: 0
Pulmonary artery sling concomitant with duodenal atresia: A case report 肺动脉吊带同时伴有十二指肠闭锁:病例报告。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.07.002
Asami Ohyama, Kei Tamai, Mayuko Hara, Misao Kageyama
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引用次数: 0
Bidirectional approach of vascular access for balloon angioplasty in permcath-associated superior vena cava syndrome presenting with transudative chylothorax 双向血管通路球囊血管成形术治疗伴有经渗出性乳糜胸的烫伤上腔静脉综合征。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2023.11.004
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引用次数: 0
High galectin expression in Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric mucosa in childhood. 幽门螺旋杆菌感染的儿童胃黏膜中高水平的半凝集素表达。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.07.006
Masumi Nagata, Tamaki Ikuse, Kaori Tokushima, Nobuyasu Arai, Keisuke Jimbo, Takahiro Kudo, Toshiaki Shimizu

Background: Mild Th1 and Th17 immune responses in childhood against Helicobacter pylori are presumed to be responsible for H. pylori colonization and mucosal atrophy reduction. However, the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the childhood-specific immune responses observed after H. pylori infection by analyzing galectin expression in the gastric mucosa. We focused on galectin-1 (Gal-1) and galectin-9 (Gal-9), which function to suppress Th1 and Th17 immune responses.

Methods: We analyzed changes in the expression of Gal-1 and Gal-9 in the gastric mucosa of pediatric patients with H. pylori infection. Ten pediatric patients with and ten patients without H. pylori infection who underwent biopsy to assess the cause of chronic abdominal symptoms using esophagogastroduodenoscopy were evaluated. Gal-1 and Gal-9 expression in the biopsy tissues of the gastric antrum and corpus was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining.

Results: Gal-1 expression was significantly increased in the stromal cells of the corpus owing to H. pylori infection. No alterations in Gal-1 expression due to H. pylori infection were observed in the antral tissue. Helicobacter pylori infection considerably increased Gal-9 expression in all tissues. According to previous reports, the increased expression of Gal-9 associated with H. pylori infection is not observed in adults. Therefore, the increased expression of Gal-9 associated with H. pylori infection is specific to pediatric patients.

Conclusion: The increased expression of Gal-1 and Gal-9 may suppress Th1 and Th17 immune responses against H. pylori infection during childhood, promote H. pylori colonization, and reduce inflammation in the gastric mucosa of pediatric patients.

背景:据推测,儿童期针对幽门螺杆菌的轻度 Th1 和 Th17 免疫反应是幽门螺杆菌定植和粘膜萎缩减少的原因。然而,其机制仍不清楚。在本研究中,我们旨在通过分析胃粘膜中galectin的表达来研究幽门螺杆菌感染后观察到的儿童特异性免疫反应。我们重点研究了抑制Th1和Th17免疫反应的galectin-1(Gal-1)和galectin-9(Gal-9):我们分析了幽门螺杆菌感染的儿科患者胃黏膜中 Gal-1 和 Gal-9 的表达变化。我们对十名幽门螺杆菌感染和十名未感染幽门螺杆菌的儿科患者进行了评估,这些患者通过食管胃十二指肠镜检查对慢性腹部症状的病因进行了活检。通过免疫组化染色分析了胃窦和胃体活检组织中Gal-1和Gal-9的表达情况:结果:幽门螺杆菌感染导致胃体基质细胞中 Gal-1 表达明显增加。在胃窦组织中未观察到幽门螺杆菌感染导致的 Gal-1 表达变化。幽门螺杆菌感染大大增加了所有组织中 Gal-9 的表达。根据之前的报道,在成人中并未观察到与幽门螺杆菌感染相关的 Gal-9 表达增加。因此,幽门螺杆菌感染导致的 Gal-9 表达增加是儿童患者特有的现象:结论:Gal-1和Gal-9的表达增加可能会抑制儿童期针对幽门螺杆菌感染的Th1和Th17免疫反应,促进幽门螺杆菌定植,并减轻儿童患者胃黏膜的炎症反应。
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引用次数: 0
CDKL5 deficiency disorder in an infant presenting as drug-refractory epilepsy after TdaP-Hib-IPV vaccination: A case report. 接种 TdaP-Hib-IPV 疫苗后出现药物难治性癫痫的婴儿 CDKL5 缺乏症:病例报告。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.06.009
Hong-Yu Chen, Li-Ping Tsai, Shi-Bing Wong
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引用次数: 0
MiR-629-5p May serve as a biomarker for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome and can regulate the inflammatory response MiR-629-5p 可作为小儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征的生物标记物,并能调节炎症反应
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.05.003
Cuicui Zhang, Yanan Ji, Qin Wang, Lianying Ruan
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are associated with pediatric acute respiratory distress syndromes (PARDS). This study analyzed the clinical significance and potential mechanism of microRNA (miR)-629-5p in PARDS.
循环微RNA(miRNA)与小儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征(PARDS)有关。本研究分析了微RNA(miR)-629-5p在PARDS中的临床意义和潜在机制。
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引用次数: 0
Epidemiology of and risk factors associated with third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli carriage in children: A comparison between regions in Taiwan. 耐第三代头孢菌素大肠埃希菌携带儿童的流行病学及相关风险因素:台湾地区间的比较。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.07.007
Wan-Ling Chiang, Hsin Chi, Jia Lu Cheng, Ming-Fang Cheng

Background: The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) in the community is a global public health challenge. This study investigated the prevalence of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant (3GCR) E. coli fecal carriage in children, identified associated risk factors, and determined antimicrobial resistance patterns of E. coli across three regions of Taiwan.

Methods: Stool samples from children aged 0-18 years were collected in southern, northern, and eastern Taiwan from community or outpatient clinics between July 2022 and May 2023. E. coli colonies were selected and examined for antimicrobial susceptibility and multilocus sequence typing. Participant demographic data and potential risk factors for carrying resistant E. coli were surveyed using a questionnaire.

Results: Of the 246 children surveyed, 59.3% carried multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli, and 37.4% carried 3GCR E. coli. The prevalence of 3GCR E. coli carriage was highest in southern Taiwan (42.7%), followed by northern Taiwan (35.5%) and eastern Taiwan (28.4%). The study identified several risk factors which may be associated with the fecal carriage of 3GCR E. coli, such as having lower paternal education levels, being overweight or obese, having a nonvegetarian diet, and consuming eggs, with variations observed across regions.

Conclusion: This study documented elevated fecal carriage rates of 3GCR and MDR E. coli across regions of Taiwan. The study also identified numerous demographic and environmental factors that require implementing comprehensive strategies to address this public health challenge.

背景:社区中耐药大肠杆菌(E. coli)的流行率不断上升是一项全球性的公共卫生挑战。本研究调查了耐第三代头孢菌素(3GCR)大肠埃希菌在儿童粪便中的携带率,确定了相关风险因素,并确定了台湾三个地区大肠埃希菌的抗菌药耐药性模式:方法:2022 年 7 月至 2023 年 5 月期间,在台湾南部、北部和东部的社区或门诊采集了 0-18 岁儿童的粪便样本。方法:2022 年 7 月至 2023 年 5 月期间,从台湾南部、北部和东部的社区或门诊诊所收集 0-18 岁儿童的粪便样本,筛选出大肠杆菌菌落,并对其进行抗菌药敏感性检测和多焦点序列分型。使用问卷调查了参与者的人口统计学数据和携带耐药大肠杆菌的潜在风险因素:在接受调查的 246 名儿童中,59.3% 的儿童携带耐多药(MDR)大肠杆菌,37.4% 的儿童携带 3GCR 大肠杆菌。3GCR大肠杆菌携带率以台湾南部最高(42.7%),其次是台湾北部(35.5%)和台湾东部(28.4%)。研究发现了一些可能与粪便携带 3GCR 大肠杆菌有关的风险因素,如父亲受教育水平较低、超重或肥胖、荤食和食用鸡蛋等,不同地区的情况也不尽相同:本研究记录了台湾各地区 3GCR 和 MDR 大肠杆菌粪便携带率的升高。研究还发现了许多人口和环境因素,需要实施综合策略来应对这一公共卫生挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Ureterocele eversion with lower pole vesicoureteral reflux in a duplex renal collecting system. 输尿管外翻伴双相肾集合系统下极膀胱输尿管反流。
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.06.008
Cheng-Yen Ho, Jin-Cherng Sheu, Tung-Yao Chang, Chun-Chen Lin, Jeng-Daw Tsai
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引用次数: 0
Progesterone improves motor coordination impairments caused by postnatal hypoxic-ischemic brain insult in neonatal male rats. 黄体酮可改善新生雄性大鼠因出生后缺氧缺血性脑损伤导致的运动协调障碍
IF 2.3 4区 医学 Q2 PEDIATRICS Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2024.03.012
Hongying Piao, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Tatsuya Kobayashi, Keiko Kitajo, Atsushi Yamaguchi, Kaori Koga, Makio Shozu

Background: Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) insult in infants induces brain injury and results in motor coordination impairments associated with cerebral palsy; however, preventive measures for HI brain injury in preterm infants remain unclear. We investigated the impact of progesterone (P4) in a rat HI insult model that mimics HI brain injury in preterm infants.

Methods: Neonatal male rats with their right common carotid artery coagulated were exposed to a 1-h hypoxia (6% oxygen) on postnatal day (PND) 3. P4 (0.2 mg) was subcutaneously administered daily from PND4-12. Motor coordination function and muscular strength were evaluated on PND50 using rotarod and grip strength tests, respectively. Brain histology was evaluated via immunohistochemistry using anti-NeuN, anti-Olig2, and anti-IbaI antibodies on PND15 and PND50.

Results: In male rats, P4 significantly improved the latency-to-fall off on the rotarod test in the insult rats to the levels of the sham-operation rats. Neither the insult nor P4 administration impacted the grip strength results. No significant differences were observed in the number of neurons, oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), and microglia in the motor and somatosensory area of the cortex between the insult and insult followed by P4-administered rats on PND50. The number of OPCs in the corpus callosum was significantly increased in the ipsilateral side compared with the contralateral side of the insult in the P4-administered rats, indicating that P4 facilitates recruitment of OPCs to the corpus callosum. HI insult accelerated neuronal differentiation in rats on PND15, which was abrogated in the P4-administerd group, suggesting that P4 suppresses transient neuronal differentiation caused by the insult.

Conclusion: P4 administration restored motor coordination impairments caused by postnatal HI insult in male rats. The insult timing corresponds to that of human preterm infants, indicating P4's potential for protecting HI brain injury in preterm male infants.

背景:婴儿缺氧缺血性(HI)损伤会诱发脑损伤,并导致与脑瘫相关的运动协调障碍;然而,早产儿HI脑损伤的预防措施仍不明确。我们研究了黄体酮(P4)在大鼠 HI 损伤模型中的影响,该模型模拟了早产儿的 HI 脑损伤:方法:在出生后第 3 天,将右侧颈总动脉凝固的新生雄性大鼠暴露于 1 小时的缺氧(6% 氧气)环境中。在出生后第50天,分别使用转体和握力测试评估运动协调功能和肌肉力量。在PND15和PND50时,使用抗NeuN、抗Olig2和抗IbaI抗体通过免疫组化对大脑组织学进行评估:结果:在雄性大鼠中,P4能明显改善损伤大鼠在旋转木马测试中的跌倒潜伏期,使其达到假手术大鼠的水平。侮辱和服用 P4 都不会影响握力结果。在PND50时,皮层运动区和躯体感觉区的神经元、少突胶质细胞祖细胞(OPC)和小胶质细胞的数量在辱骂大鼠和先辱骂后服用P4的大鼠之间没有观察到明显的差异。在服用 P4 的大鼠中,胼胝体中的 OPCs 数量在受损伤的同侧比在受损伤的对侧显著增加,这表明 P4 促进了 OPCs 在胼胝体中的招募。HI损伤加速了大鼠PND15的神经元分化,而服用P4组的神经元分化被逆转,这表明P4抑制了损伤引起的一过性神经元分化:结论:服用P4可恢复雄性大鼠因出生后HI损伤引起的运动协调障碍。结论:给雄性大鼠注射 P4 可恢复其因出生后 HI 损伤而导致的运动协调障碍,其损伤时间与人类早产儿的损伤时间一致,这表明 P4 具有保护早产男婴 HI 脑损伤的潜力。
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Pediatrics and Neonatology
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