Revista de Logopedia, Foniatria y Audiologia最新文献

Context

In trans women, the physiological aspects of their voices that may be different from expected, either by them or other people they interact with, may result in limitations in their daily lives generating feelings of inadequacy, restricting social interaction, and impacting their overall psychosocial well-being.

Objective

The objective was to undertake the transcultural adaptation of the TWVQ and test its face and content validity, as well as its conceptual, practical, and lingüistic equivalence to measure the self-perception of trans women's voices from Argentina and its impact on their daily lives in relation to their health.

Method

This study followed the World Health Organization guidelines for transcultural adaptations recommended by the author of the original TWVQ Georgia Dacakis. The adaptation underwent five different stages. I – Two forward translations (from English to Spanish from Argentina), II – expert panel revision, III – interview with a group of trans women to test comprehension, IV – two back translations (from Argentinian Spanish back to English), and V – pre-testing and cognitive interviewing with a group of trans women.

Conclusion

The TWVQ-AR is valid in face and content validity as well as in conceptual, practical, and lingüistic equivalence to the original TWVQ to successfully measure the self-perception of trans women's voices from Argentina and its impact on their daily lives in relation to their health.

Objective

To determine anatomical, acoustic and socio-emotional aspects of the voice in trans women.

Method

It corresponds to a quantitative investigation with an observational design, descriptive analysis of a retrospective cross-sectional type, in which 10 trans women who are part of the gender program of the HSJD.

Results

The late start of the process of medical evaluation, hormonal therapy and multidisciplinary accompaniment during the gender transition stands out. Most of the participants perceived their voice to be within the masculine or neutral ranges. According to the data obtained in this study in relation to the acoustic parameters, all the participants are within normal ranges in the Jitter measurement, however two of them present presentations in Shimmer and NHR. In addition, 70% of the participants presented characteristics of tension muscle dysphonia.

Conclusion

It should be mentioned that speech therapy monitoring, voice assessment, anatomical study and possible surgical intervention by the otorhinolaryngologist specialist are a fundamental axis to consider in the global health process of trans people.

Introduction

This study analyzes, in a Spanish-speaking sample, differences in temperament between children who stutter and typically-developing children, aiming to establish a relation between such differences and stuttering onset.

Methodology

Participants consisted of 47 children who stutter and 47 typically-developing children aged 2–6 years, matched in gender and age (±months). Temperament was assessed using the Spanish version of the short form of the Children's Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ), a parent rating scale.

Results

Children who stutter scored lower compared to their typically-developing matches in activity level (4.04 vs. 4.39) and impulsivity (4.02 vs. 4,72). Children who stutter also scored significantly lower in the general surgency factor (4.14 vs. 4.59).

Conclusion

Temperamental differences between both groups emerged in 2 of the 15 scales of the CBQ, unlike in studies from other countries where such differences were more pronounced. It is hypothesised that these findings could be due to an age effect, as most of the participants were between 2 and 4 years old, indicating that at young ages there is no clear relationship between temperamental characteristics and stuttering.

Aim

The aim of this article is (a) to describe the progress perceived by parents of children between the ages of 2.11 and 5.11 who stuttered, after receiving preventive treatment for stuttering with parental support; (b) to assess the communicative resources learned by the children and their parents regarding stuttering and (c) to find out their level of satisfaction with treatment. The study was carried out at ILD, a specialized centre for fluency disorders.

Methods

A questionnaire was administered to 18 parents, whose children had been discharged after therapy. Of the sample, 77.8% (n = 14) were boys and 22.2% (n = 4) girls. The selected children participating in the study were aged between 4 and 8 years (M = 5.90, SD = 1.25).

Results

From the responses it was noted that: (I) 88.9% of the children maintained fluent speech; (II) and 72.2% did not present or have blocks, 82.3% did not experience throat tension; (III) the children continued to present disfluencies when they were tired (n = 6) or stressed (n = 5); (IV) the children improved in speaking, behavior and had adopted good strategies in dealing with disfluencies or blocks; (V) both children and parents frequently used the resources learned during treatment; (VI) individual parent and follow-up sessions were conducted and most of them received guidelines to follow in case of relapses; and (VII) 94.4% of parents were satisfied with treatment outcomes.

Conclusion

Results indicate that the treatment conducted with the preschool children, with support from their parents, contributed to improvements in speech fluency, behavior, positive conversational attitudes, and parent–child communication skills.

Persistent stuttering is defined by the permanence of disfluencies and the presence of cognitive, behavioral, and communication factors that contribute to maintaining and aggravating it. Therefore, clinical treatment should focus on improving speech fluency, ensuring generalization of the new prosodic pattern, and managing dysfunctional thoughts and social and communicative avoidance behaviors that help maintain the problem and cause significant loss of quality of life in patients.

Objective

The main objective is to measure the efficacy of a standardized treatment focused on speech fluency and psychological aspects for adult patients with persistent stuttering.

Material and methods

Analytical clinical study of the results of the psychological intervention. An evaluation of all aspects involved in persistent stuttering was carried out using validated instruments and speech recording. The protocol of a clinical treatment for chronic stuttering was applied.

Results

Speech fluency in spontaneous speech and reading samples and the OASES questionnaire subscales from five stuttering patients aged 21-25 years were assessed. The treatment reduced the percentage of stuttered syllables in all cases, both in speaking and reading, as well as a reduction in scores on all OASES subscales.

Conclusion

Clinical results obtained indicate the efficacy of the protocol used to modify the frequency of stuttering and other associated behaviors. Some considerations of interest for therapists of chronic stuttering are exposed.

Purpose

To analyze the ventilatory, phonatory and swallowing impairments and their relation with physical status in a group of advanced Neuromuscular Disease (NMD).

Methods

A cross-sectional observational study was utilized 48 participants from the Association of NMD of Granada (Granada, España), university clinical research, University of Granada. A total of 24 advanced NMD patients and 24 healthy controls matched for age and sex were recruited. Advanced NMD patients were divided in two groups according to the level of their overall physical status (NMD higher physical status group or NMD lower physical status group). Hand grip strength, ventilatory, phonatory and swallowing features were analyzed.

Results

There were significant differences (p < .05) among NMDs groups in ventilatory function. There were significant differences (p < .05) between NMDs groups in ventilatory, phonatory and swallowing function. Finally, there were significant differences (p < .05) among advanced NMDs groups in swallowing function and orofacial evaluation.

Conclusion

Patients with lower physical status have higher risk of suffer ventilatory, phonatory and swallowing complications after diagnosis of NMD.

Registered in the Clinical Trials reference: NCT04473612.

Treatment focused on functional communication for people with aphasia relates to real-world performance. This review aims to analyze if aphasia therapy has an effect on functional communication. An electronic search was performed in october 2020. Eighteen studies were included, 5 randomized clinical trials (RCT) and 13 quasi-experimental studies. 2/5 RCT studies and 7/13 quasi-experimental studies showed significant differences in functional communication. The Communication Effective Index (CETI) was the most frequent assessment. There is a wide variability in assessment and treatment. The analysis shows that functional treatment has a better effect in communication. Consensus regarding outcome measures is necessary.