Revista de Logopedia, Foniatria y Audiologia最新文献

Introduction

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare condition with low prevalence associated with severe global developmental delay, behavioral phenotype of happy appearance and social interaction, moderate to severe intellectual disability with minimal or absent oral language associated with molecular etiology and featuring clinical variables.

Objectives

To describe communication and language abilities in a sample of individuals with AS from Spain and Portugal, explore the influence of molecular etiology, age and use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC).

Materials and methods

The sample comprised 40 individuals diagnosed with AS, from the Iberian Peninsula, assessed using the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories.

Results

A characteristic profile is shown with a predominance of gestures and receptive language over expressive. Differences are noted by molecular subtype, age, use of AAC and the origin in the Iberian Peninsula.

Conclusions

The linguistic phenotype for Angelman Syndrome is consistent with findings from other studies, however associated variables such as molecular etiology and use of AAC should be considered.

Parents of multilingual children often need to make choices about the transmission of languages in the next generations. The aim of this scoping review is to examine recent evidence addressing the language views and practices of multilingual families, to identify key patterns regarding the use of language(s) at home. Four databases were searched systematically in June 2023 including a total of 45 articles. Studies where children had language and/or communication disorders were included. The findings show that parents make their linguistic choices based on their own attitudes and experiences. They also consider professional advice, which does not always align with their views. The evidence reveals similarities between families with and without language and/or communication disorders, despite showing particularities related to the child's condition. Few studies were found where children had disorders, highlighting the need of further research on the matter to provide knowledge that could be useful in clinical settings.

Purpose

It is well known that dysphagia in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) can be very disabling and hurt the quality of life. Thus, tongue function is crucial for swallowing. In this line, it has been proposed that inadequate lingual pressure conditions the swallowing process. We aimed to determine whether lingual pressures in PD patients are lower than in a control group. Also, to test whether objective lingual pressures correlate with questionnaires designed to detect dysphagia.

Method

Thirty-eight patients with PD and thirty-eight age- and gender-matched controls completed lingual pressure tasks with the IOWA oral performance instrument. Additionally, the experimental group completed the DYMUS questionnaire for the early detection of dysphagia and the Dysphapark questionnaire for assessing swallowing disorder awareness.

Result

Patients with PD presented significantly lower scores in lingual pressure tasks compared to the control group. Correlation analysis showed significant correlations between lingual pressure tasks and both questionnaires.

Conclusion

Lingual pressures, DYMUS and Dysphapark questionnaires can serve as clinical indicators for assessing dysphagia and prompt diagnosis and early speech therapy intervention of dysphagia in PD patients.

Introduction

Developmental language disorder (DLD) involves the impairment of one or more linguistic dimensions. It has been observed that these children present difficulties in oral narratives at the microstructure and macrostructure levels, although there is much disparity in the assessment tools used in research. The aim of this study is to assess the narrative skills of Spanish-speaking children with DLD by analyzing oral narratives in terms of narrative microstructure and macrostructure and phonological and morphological errors.

Method

The sample consisted of 24 children: 12 with DLD and 12 with typical development (TD) aged between 7 and 11 years. They were administered CELF-5, Raven's 2, and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test to assess the level of linguistic and cognitive competence and the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN), a narrative assessment tool. These oral narratives were transcribed and analyzed with the CHILDES project tools and coded with the PREP-CORP system.

Results

Statistically significant differences were observed between both groups in the number of utterances, mean utterance length and number of events narrated, as well as in the frequency of morphological and phonological errors.

Conclusions

Oral narratives of DLD children using the MAIN tool are shorter and less detailed than those of TD, as well as with a higher number of phonological and morphological errors. Therefore, the MAIN could be a suitable clinical tool for the assessment of the narrative skills of DLD children.

Objective

This study aims to measure the effectiveness of visual biofeedback using ultrasound in addressing articulatory difficulties in children with hearing disabilities, using the judgment of experts through an auditory perception test. It is the first research of this type carried out with a Spanish-speaking population.

Method

A speech therapy intervention program was conducted with seven children with cochlear implants and/or hearing aids. External speech therapists evaluated the results through an auditory perception test that reproduces the acoustic stimuli derived from the initial (pre-test) and final (post-test) evaluations. These stimuli are presented in pairs with the assistance of a script created in MATLAB®, in two different ways: pre-post and post-pre.

Results

Results from generalized mixed-effects models indicate that, at a group level, speech therapists perceive improvements mainly in the phonemes /n/ and /r/, and in some children, in the phonemes /x/, /ɡ/, /ɾ/, /r/, /tʃ/, and /l/. The position of the phoneme within the word does not have a significant effect at the group level but does in two participants. The number of syllables in the stimuli has a significant effect at the group level for all levels.

Conclusions

These results align with previous research demonstrating the efficacy of visual biofeedback in correcting articulation errors in speech therapy intervention.

In this study we present the results of a speech and language therapy intervention in a case of a child with a rare disease -partial tetrasomy 13q11q12.12. At the age of 4, a first evaluation is performed (T1), and treatment goals are set. Six months after the beginning of the treatment, the child is re-evaluated (T2) and a new specific intervention program is designed. After another 6 months of treatment, the child is evaluated again in order to know the possible progress experienced (T3). The results of the intervention show a clear progression between T1 and T2 in all the linguistic prerequisites worked on, such as attention maintenance and communicative intention. Likewise, between T2 and T3, the greatest progress is observed in the development of expressive language, although notable improvements in the aforementioned linguistic prerequisites can also be observed. These results are discussed in the light of the few previous existing studies with patients with rare genetic diseases.

Purpose

The purpose of this case study, is to test out the effectiveness of an intervention program in phonological awareness (LOLE Program) to improve reading skills in a 13-year-old adolescent with CDKL-5 syndrome.

Method and data analysis

A pre-post test design was used that incorporates the dynamic assessment and the phonemic awareness (LOLEVA) and word reading (PROLEC-R) assessment.

Results

The results show an increase in syllabic and phonemic awareness skills, and a progressive acquisition of task resolution strategies, evidenced by the decrease in requested help. This improvement does not translate into greater non-word reading.

Discussion and conclusions

In cases of severe functional diversity, learning to read requires a multisensory intervention, which does not mean that phonological awareness instruction, especially if it is offered before the explicit teaching of written language, it can help learning for these people.

Background and aim

Language difficulties in young children are becoming more and more frequent. Nowadays, there is a tendency to intervene early, including the child and his or her environment. The aim of this paper is to describe and analyse the development of the speech therapy intervention carried out with a child with language acquisition difficulties and his parents.

Method

Qualitative methodology to analyse the intervention through tasks given to the parents. For eight weeks, the parents recorded the frequency and degree of difficulty in carrying out the tasks and the child's linguistic evolution.

Results

Parents are consistent in performing the tasks, rating them as progressively easier. In addition, the child's linguistic evolution is favourable.

Conclusions

When the intervention actively involves the parents, the development of the intervention, the generalisation of the work in the child's environment and the child's linguistic development can be favoured.

Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients may experience orofacial dysfunctions that could affect quality of life. This systematic review (SR) pretends to analyze the relation between patient's perception and instrumental assessment in dysphagia and dysphonia in HNC. From 3753 articles only 25 matched the inclusion criteria. Functional patients’ perception was assessed using MDADI (26%) or SWAL-QOL (7%), HNC quality of life questionnaires (EORTC C30, H&NC35, UW-QOL – 16%), or with dichotomic questions (23%). Instrumental assessments: videofluoroscopy (77%) or fiber-optic endoscopy (23%). 68% of the included articles reveal a significant relationship between patients’ perception and instrumental assessment. Emerged three principles topics: (1) oromotor skills; (2) physiological measures; and (3) safety. This study provides new insights. Swallowing residues and bio mechanical changes show a clear relationship with patients’ awareness. It's important to continue clarified the interceptions and impacts of this disorder in clinical practice.