Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences最新文献

英文中文

The Black Mecca as method: a QuantCrit heuristic of Ethnoraciality in the Atlanta Metropolis 以黑人麦加为方法：亚特兰大大都会种族性的定量批判启发式

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2025.101620

Alyasah A Sewell , Brandeis N Green , Antonio A Henry , Jadelynn Zhang , Clark Brinson

Atlanta’s designation as the Black Mecca signals Black political, cultural, and economic prominence, even as the city remains deeply segregated and structurally unequal. This paper reframes the Black Mecca as a research design intervention by introducing the Black Mecca Method, a structured approach for examining how racialized systems redesign institutional conditions where equity is most expected. Drawing on 36 peer-reviewed sociological studies published between 2022 and 2024, we analyze how contemporary scholarship engages three interlocking dimensions of racial equity — material, symbolic, and temporal — and situate these within an analytic architecture grounded in ethnoraciality, systemic racism, and racial colonial capitalism. Through this framework, Atlanta serves as a high-expectation site that makes racialized infrastructures empirically legible by tracing divergence between anticipated and observed outcomes. The Black Mecca Method integrates quantitative approaches to measurement, modeling, interpretation, and research design to examine how racial inequality persists through institutional systems organized around housing, labor, governance, and spatial regulation. Rather than documenting disparity alone, we process how racial power normalizes unequal outcomes as progress. The method offers a portable analytic framework for studying racialized systems that publicly affirm Black advancement but structurally constrain it.

亚特兰大被指定为黑人麦加标志着黑人在政治、文化和经济上的突出地位，即使这个城市仍然存在严重的种族隔离和结构上的不平等。本文通过引入黑麦加方法，将黑人麦加重新定义为一种研究设计干预，黑麦加方法是一种结构化的方法，用于研究种族化系统如何重新设计最期望公平的制度条件。根据2022年至2024年间发表的36项同行评议的社会学研究，我们分析了当代学术如何涉及种族平等的三个相互关联的维度——物质、象征和时间——并将这些维度置于基于种族、系统性种族主义和种族殖民资本主义的分析架构中。通过这个框架，亚特兰大作为一个高期望的站点，通过追踪预期和观察结果之间的差异，使种族化的基础设施在经验上易于辨认。黑人麦加方法将量化方法整合到测量、建模、解释和研究设计中，以研究种族不平等如何通过围绕住房、劳工、治理和空间监管组织的制度系统持续存在。我们没有单独记录差异，而是将种族权力如何将不平等的结果正常化视为进步。该方法为研究种族化的系统提供了一个可移植的分析框架，这些系统公开肯定黑人的进步，但在结构上限制它。

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引用次数: 0

Five frames for racial equity in elementary science principal decision-making 小学科学校长决策中种族平等的五个框架

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2025.101633

Stefanie L Marshall

This review examines the role of elementary science principal decision-making in elementary science. This review offers literature with background about elementary principals as leaders who serve as decision makers, as well as five frames for equity, with a specific focus on race, to examine a specific case study. The findings are that the five frames for equity offer an expansive view of equity; however, several frames for equity have yet to be deeply engaged by administrators regarding elementary science.

本文回顾了小学科学校长决策在小学科学中的作用。本综述提供了有关小学校长作为决策者的领导者的背景文献，以及五个公平框架，特别关注种族，以检查一个具体的案例研究。研究发现，五种公平框架提供了一种广义的公平观；然而，在基础科学方面，一些公平框架尚未被管理人员深入参与。

引用次数: 0

Rethinking cause & consequence in U.S. school funding inequality: a future role for quant crit perspectives 重新思考美国学校经费不平等的因果：量化批评视角的未来角色

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2025.101634

Bruce D Baker , Ericka S Weathers

The goal of this review is to synthesize recent, methodologically and conceptually diverse bodies of literature addressing the cause and consequence of racial disparities in school funding and equal educational opportunity in pursuit of enhancing school funding research practices. The three bodies of relevant literature include: 1) empirical validations of the presence of racial disparities, and insights regarding empirical associations with economic, demographic, governance, and structural conditions of schooling; 2) historical origins and contemporary relevance of these influential economic, demographic, governance, and structural conditions; and 3) political and economic theories for why these systems have evolved over time and why substantive change to the underlying systems and policies that reinforce racial disparities in school funding is difficult. The studies reviewed herein demonstrate that race-avoidant policies will not sufficiently remedy racial disparities in school funding because of structurally and individually racist causes. Racism caused the disparities throughout the school funding system.

本综述的目的是综合最近的、方法上和概念上不同的文献，探讨学校资助和平等教育机会中种族差异的原因和后果，以促进学校资助研究实践。相关文献的三个主体包括：1)种族差异存在的实证验证，以及关于经济、人口、治理和学校结构条件的实证关联的见解；2)这些有影响力的经济、人口、治理和结构条件的历史起源和当代相关性；3)政治和经济理论解释了为什么这些制度会随着时间的推移而演变，以及为什么很难对强化学校资金中种族差异的基本制度和政策进行实质性改变。本文回顾的研究表明，由于结构上和个体上的种族主义原因，种族回避政策不能充分纠正学校资金中的种族差异。种族主义导致了整个学校拨款系统的不平等。

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引用次数: 0

Toward model-based design of causal manipulations of brain circuits with high spatiotemporal precision 基于模型的高时空精度脑回路因果操作设计

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2025.101632

Anandita De , Roozbeh Kiani , Luca Mazzucato

Recent advancements in neurotechnology enable precise spatiotemporal patterns of microstimulations with single-cell resolution. The choice of perturbation sites must satisfy two key criteria: efficacy in evoking significant responses and selectivity for the desired target effects. This choice is currently based on laborious trial-and-error procedures, unfeasible for sequences of multi-site stimulations. Efficient methods to design complex perturbation patterns are urgently needed. Can we design a spatiotemporal pattern of stimulation to steer neural activity and behavior toward a desired target? We outline a method for achieving this goal in two steps. First, we identify the most effective perturbation sites, or hubs, only based on short observations of spontaneous neural activity. Second, we provide an efficient method to design multi-site stimulation patterns by combining approaches from nonlinear dynamical systems, control theory, and data-driven methods. We demonstrate the feasibility of our approach using multi-site stimulation patterns in recurrent network models.

神经技术的最新进展使微刺激的精确时空模式具有单细胞分辨率。扰动位点的选择必须满足两个关键标准：引起显著反应的有效性和期望目标效应的选择性。这种选择目前是基于费力的试错过程，对于多部位刺激序列是不可行的。迫切需要有效的方法来设计复杂的微扰模式。我们能否设计出一种时空刺激模式来引导神经活动和行为朝着预期的目标发展？我们将分两个步骤概述实现这一目标的方法。首先，我们确定最有效的扰动点，或中心，仅基于自发神经活动的短暂观察。其次，我们将非线性动力系统、控制理论和数据驱动方法相结合，提供了一种设计多位点刺激模式的有效方法。我们在循环网络模型中使用多位点刺激模式证明了我们的方法的可行性。

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引用次数: 0

Anticorrelation emerges within a dynamic and competitive neural landscape 反相关出现在动态和竞争的神经景观中

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2025.101621

Emily J Davidson , R. Nathan Spreng

Default network anticorrelation with other neurocognitive networks has been a topic of ongoing and expanding interest in neuroscience. Advances in anticorrelation research have moved beyond debates regarding methodological artifact to reveal a more comprehensive view of brain function. We review neurocognitive, anatomical, computational, neuromodulatory, and dynamical approaches to the study of anticorrelation. We argue that anticorrelation is a robust feature of network organization, revealing a latent principle of network competition.

默认网络与其他神经认知网络的反相关性一直是神经科学研究的热点。反相关研究的进展已经超越了关于人工方法的争论，揭示了对大脑功能更全面的看法。我们回顾了神经认知、解剖、计算、神经调节和动态方法来研究反相关。我们认为反相关是网络组织的一个强大特征，揭示了网络竞争的一个潜在原理。

引用次数: 0

The default mode network: where spontaneous thought meets memory consolidation 默认模式网络：自发思维与记忆巩固的地方

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2025.101622

Devayani Joshi, Alexa Tompary, Aaron Kucyi

The default mode network (DMN) is a distributed set of brain regions engaged during wakeful rest. Spontaneous thoughts — internally directed mental experiences that arise with relative freedom and few constraints on their content or transitions — are ubiquitous during wakeful rest. Spontaneous memory reactivation — neural events in which recently learned information is reinstated — also occurs at rest and has a fundamental role in long-term memory consolidation. Here, we synthesize emerging behavioral, theoretical, and neurophysiological evidence suggesting that DMN activity associated with spontaneous thought provides a neural context that promotes the propagation of reactivated information to aid consolidation. We highlight findings linking spontaneous thought to improved memory performance, discuss how specific DMN subsystems coordinate with the hippocampus during reactivation, and highlight recent studies that connect spontaneous thought content to memory reactivations. We conclude by outlining future directions to clarify the mechanistic role of spontaneous thought in memory consolidation mediated by the complex interplay between the DMN, hippocampus, and broader cortical networks.

默认模式网络（DMN）是一组在清醒休息时参与的分布式大脑区域。自发的思想——内在导向的精神体验，相对自由地产生，对其内容或过渡几乎没有限制——在清醒的休息中无处不在。自发记忆再激活——最近学到的信息被恢复的神经事件——也发生在休息时，在长期记忆巩固中起着重要作用。在这里，我们综合了新出现的行为、理论和神经生理学证据，表明与自发思维相关的DMN活动提供了一个促进再激活信息传播的神经环境，以帮助巩固。我们重点介绍了自发思维与改善记忆表现之间的联系，讨论了DMN子系统在再激活过程中如何与海马体协调，并重点介绍了最近将自发思维内容与记忆再激活联系起来的研究。最后，我们概述了未来的方向，以阐明自发性思维在记忆巩固中的机制作用，该机制是由DMN、海马体和更广泛的皮层网络之间的复杂相互作用介导的。

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引用次数: 0

Connecting qualitative experiences to quantitative measurement: reflections on doing and extending critical quantitative research in STEM 将定性经验与定量测量联系起来：在STEM中开展和扩展批判性定量研究的思考

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2025.101615

Krystal L Williams , William B Walker Jr. , Imani N Callan

In this methodological-reflection paper, the authors discuss their experiences conducting science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) research that employs critical frameworks while connecting qualitative and quantitative approaches. Specifically, they reflect on their research concerning Black undergraduate women in STEM and discuss how critical lenses informed the development of a measure that articulates the race-gendered experiences of these Black women in fields where they often experience intersecting race and gender biases. The authors discuss the epistemological tensions they managed as scholars doing work that is both critical and quantitative. Moreover, they discuss limitations of their work and how it might be extended in future research.

在这篇方法论反思论文中，作者讨论了他们在连接定性和定量方法的同时使用关键框架进行科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）研究的经验。具体来说，他们反思了他们关于STEM领域黑人本科女性的研究，并讨论了关键镜头如何影响了一项措施的发展，该措施阐明了这些黑人女性在经常经历种族和性别交叉偏见的领域中的种族性别经历。作者讨论了他们作为从事批判性和定量工作的学者所管理的认识论紧张关系。此外，他们讨论了他们工作的局限性以及如何在未来的研究中扩展。

引用次数: 0

The etiology of loneliness: insights from twin and family, genome-wide, and epigenetic studies 孤独的病因学：来自双胞胎和家庭、全基因组和表观遗传学研究的见解

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2025.101618

Colin D Freilich, Robert F Krueger

Loneliness is a growing public health concern, and several genetically informed research designs have been applied to studying its etiology. These approaches have revealed that loneliness has a highly polygenic architecture (a great many genetic variants each accounting for tiny percentages of between-person variability), a large impact of environmental factors, and links with gene regulatory processes. With this strong genetic component and high within-person stability, traditional loneliness scales behave surprisingly ‘trait-like’, overlapping with personality constructs like neuroticism. We argue that greater use of idiographic designs and attention to construct contamination within nomothetic designs can improve inquiry into the etiology of loneliness as a dynamic and distinctive phenomenon. However, even with improved measurement, the biological pathways towards the development of complex behavioral traits are notoriously difficult to unravel. We highlight promising emerging methods and conclude with recommendations for studies that leverage multiple genetically informed paradigms (e.g. combining genomic and epigenomic approaches).

孤独是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题，一些遗传知情的研究设计已被应用于研究其病因。这些方法表明，孤独具有高度的多基因结构（大量的遗传变异，每个变异只占人与人之间变异的很小比例），环境因素的影响很大，并与基因调控过程有关。由于这种强烈的遗传成分和高度的个人稳定性，传统的孤独量表表现出令人惊讶的“特征”，与神经质等人格结构重叠。我们认为，更多地使用具体的设计和关注在命名设计中构建污染，可以改善对孤独作为一种动态和独特现象的病因的探究。然而，即使有了改进的测量方法，复杂行为特征发展的生物学途径仍是出了名的难以解开。我们强调了有前途的新兴方法，并总结了利用多种遗传信息范式（例如结合基因组和表观基因组方法）的研究建议。

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引用次数: 0

Naturalness shapes public support for sustainability technology 自然塑造了公众对可持续性技术的支持

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2025.101617

Sarah Gonzalez-Coffin, Leaf Van Boven

Sustainability technologies are critical for addressing climate change, yet public opposition can hinder their adoption. Recent research shows that perceptions of naturalness influence public support for technology. Naturalness is a multidimensional psychological construct. Technologies are seen as natural if they involve minimal processing, align with ecological norms, and are culturally aligned. More natural technologies, like afforestation, solar energy, and plant-based foods, are viewed as safer, more beneficial, familiar, and positive garnering greater public support than less natural technologies like direct air capture, nuclear energy, or lab-grown meat. People with heightened aversion to altering natural systems are particularly swayed by a technology's perceived artificialness or naturalness. Naturalness is thus a core factor shaping public reactions to sustainability technologies, and understanding this concept can enhance communication strategies aimed at reducing public resistance.

可持续性技术对应对气候变化至关重要，但公众的反对可能会阻碍它们的采用。最近的研究表明，对自然的认知会影响公众对技术的支持。自然是一个多维度的心理结构。如果技术涉及最少的加工，符合生态规范，并与文化相一致，那么它们就被视为自然的。更自然的技术，如植树造林、太阳能和植物性食品，被认为比直接空气捕捉、核能或实验室培育的肉类等不那么自然的技术更安全、更有益、更熟悉、更积极，获得了更多的公众支持。对改变自然系统高度反感的人尤其容易被一项技术的人为性或自然性所左右。因此，自然性是影响公众对可持续性技术反应的核心因素，理解这一概念可以增强旨在减少公众抵制的沟通策略。

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Impactful environmental psychology needs formal theories 有影响力的环境心理学需要正式的理论

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences

Pub Date : 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2025.101619

Anne E Urai , Fabian Dablander , Jan Willem Bolderdijk

Changing individual and collective behavior is critical to addressing the climate and ecological crisis. Environmental psychology is thus well-positioned to contribute knowledge to guide impactful climate action. However, we argue that it is not living up to its full potential, partly because its theories often remain verbal. Formalizing theories — expressing them in the precise language of mathematics or computer code — is especially important to give substance to thinking about complex systems, where nonlinearities and feedback loops make the effect of interventions hard to predict. Formal theories increase conceptual clarity and mechanistic understanding, advance cumulative science, enable ‘in silico’ intervention testing, and improve integration into policy-relevant models. We illustrate how environmental psychologists can start incorporating theory formalization in their work.

改变个人和集体行为对于解决气候和生态危机至关重要。因此，环境心理学能够很好地为指导有效的气候行动提供知识。然而，我们认为，它并没有充分发挥其潜力，部分原因是它的理论往往是口头的。形式化理论——用精确的数学语言或计算机代码表达它们——对于思考复杂系统的实质内容尤其重要，在复杂系统中，非线性和反馈回路使得干预的效果难以预测。形式化理论增加了概念的清晰度和对机制的理解，推进了累积性科学，实现了“计算机”干预测试，并改善了与政策相关模型的整合。我们说明了环境心理学家如何开始将理论形式化纳入他们的工作。

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