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توظيف أسماء الحيوان والطير في الشعر والقرآن: دراسة دلالية Tawẓīf Asmā’ al Ḥayawān wal Ṭayr fi al Sh’ir wal Qur’ān: Dirāsah Dalāliyyah 在诗歌和古兰经中使用动物和鸟的名字:语义研究Tawİf AsmāLİayawān walṬAyr fi al Shi’IR wal Qur’n:DirāSAH Dalālyyah
Pub Date : 2021-12-28 DOI: 10.36476/jirs.6:2.12.2021.04
Lubna Farah Khan, Rahimullah .
Islam looks at the animal world in a realistic way based on its importance in life and benefit to the human being, the Islamic tradition has always held animals in high esteem,” deserving the same level of consideration as humans. The Qur'an opines that “there is not an animal in the earth nor a flying creature flying on two wings, but they are people like you”.  Therefore, we saw animal used in many areas of Islamic thought and legislation the greatest evidence for this is several surahs in the Qur’an, Allah used the titles for them names of the animal e.g. “Surah Al-Baqarah Surah Al-Anam Surah Al-Nahl Surah An-Naml Surah Al-Anqut Surah Al-Fil”. It honors the animal, indicating its position, determining its role in the human life The Qur'an uses each word for its own connotation and its moral function In the research, the paper will discuss role of animals in humans life, Did they use the apparent meaning referred to by the word or did they use elements that are not of the same type of linguistic units? Birds and animals mentioned in the Quran is an important subject which plays a major role in developing of Human thinking. These names mentioned in several verses for different purpose and action. The reason of mentioning them in Quran is actually a miracle of Allah. The paper presents a challenge to the prevalent view of man's superiority over animals” and suggests new ways of interpreting the Qur'an.
伊斯兰教根据动物在生活中的重要性和对人类的益处,以现实的方式看待动物世界,伊斯兰传统一直高度尊重动物,“值得与人类同等程度的考虑”。《古兰经》认为,“地球上没有动物,也没有飞翔的生物,但他们是像你一样的人”。因此,我们在伊斯兰思想和立法的许多领域看到了动物的使用——这方面的最大证据是《古兰经》中的几个苏拉,安拉为它们使用了动物的名称,例如“苏拉·巴卡拉·苏拉·阿纳姆·苏拉·纳赫尔·苏拉·安库尔·苏拉·费尔”。它尊重动物,表明其地位,决定其在人类生活中的作用《古兰经》使用每个词来表达其自身的内涵和道德功能。在研究中,本文将讨论动物在人类生活的作用。它们是使用了这个词所指的表观含义,还是使用了不属于同一类型语言单元的元素?《古兰经》中提到的鸟类和动物是一门重要的学科,对人类思维的发展起着重要作用。这些名字在几首诗中被提及,目的和作用各不相同。《古兰经》之所以提到他们,实际上是真主的奇迹。这篇论文对普遍存在的人优于动物的观点提出了挑战”,并提出了解读《古兰经》的新方法。
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引用次数: 0
غیر مسلموں کے حقوق : خلافت عمر فاروق رضی اللہ تعالیٰ عنہ کےتناظرمیں تحقیقی جائزہ Ghayr Muslimo k Ḥaqūq: Khilāfat e ‘Umar Fārūq k Tanāẓur me Taḥqīqī Jā‘izah
Pub Date : 2021-12-28 DOI: 10.36476/jirs.6:2.12.2021.09
Khalid Rasool, Hafeez ur Rehman Rajput
Islam is the religion of peace and benevolence which strictly commands to act upon the rights of human beings, the rights of non-Muslims are also included in it. Various misunderstandings are found between Muslims and non-Muslims on the matter of rights of non-Muslim in Islamic faith which is breeding many flaws and bound to cause chaotic situation in the society. This article shows the wrong conception of the non-Muslims regarding the status of non-Muslims and their due rights in the caliphate of Hazrat Umar. The non-Muslims had misconception that they were maltreated and suffered injustice and were forced to accept Islam in the reign of Hazrat Umar. This article also emphasizes how non-Muslims should be treated in an Islamic state. It helps us to thoroughly analyze the proper rights enjoyed by the non-Muslims under the rule and provides as vital source to get rid of the standoff between Muslims and non-Muslims. It has been concluded through research that non-Muslims communities were provided exemplary rights and privileges under Hazrat Umar’s caliphate. They were treated gently and based on such friendly behavior the non-Muslims embraced Islam. The exemplary manifestation of cordial behavior with non-Muslims community shows the coexistence and unity between world religions. It also enlightens those existing disputes and standoff can be eliminated if the rule of Hazrat Umar is followed regarding the treatment with non-Muslims. If a person has personal hatred or enmity with non-Muslim’s citizens, then it is his individual matter not the religion of Islam should be blamed for it.
伊斯兰教是一种和平与仁爱的宗教,它严格要求对人的权利采取行动,其中也包括非穆斯林的权利。穆斯林和非穆斯林在伊斯兰信仰中对非穆斯林权利问题存在各种误解,这滋生了许多缺陷,势必会造成社会混乱。本文揭示了非穆斯林对哈兹拉特·乌玛尔哈里发国非穆斯林地位及其应有权利的错误认识。非穆斯林有一种误解,认为他们受到虐待和不公正待遇,并在哈兹拉特·乌马尔统治期间被迫接受伊斯兰教。这篇文章还强调了在伊斯兰国应该如何对待非穆斯林。它有助于我们深入分析非穆斯林在统治下所享有的正当权利,并为摆脱穆斯林与非穆斯林之间的僵局提供了重要的来源。通过研究得出结论,在哈兹拉特·乌马尔的哈里发统治下,非穆斯林社区获得了模范的权利和特权。他们受到了温和的对待,基于这种友好的行为,非穆斯林接受了伊斯兰教。与非穆斯林群体友好行为的典范体现了世界宗教之间的共存与统一。它还启示说,如果在对待非穆斯林方面遵循哈兹拉特·乌马尔的规则,这些现有的争端和僵局可以消除。如果一个人与非穆斯林公民有个人仇恨或敌意,那么这是他的个人问题,而不应该归咎于伊斯兰教。
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引用次数: 0
أنساك الحج الثلاثة عند الأئمة الأربعة Ansāk al Ḥajj al Thalāthah ‘inda al A’immah al A’rba’ah 忘记四位伊玛目的三次朝觐
Pub Date : 2021-12-28 DOI: 10.36476/jirs.6:2.12.2021.02
Abdullah Munawar Wardat
 This research aims to explain the three rituals of Hajj, namely Al-Ifrad, Al-Tamattu’ and the Qeraan, and the legal rulings that entail from them. Based on that, this study has concluded that Hajj according to the four imams revolves around one meaning, which is the intention of the Sacred House of God in the face of veneration, and that the singular Hajj does not result in only one circumambulation, which is the Ifaadah circumambulation, and no blood is required on it, unlike the one who performs Hajj and the one who does it.
本研究旨在解释朝觐的三种仪式,即Al-Ifrad、Al-Tamattu和Qeraan,以及由此产生的法律裁决。基于此,本研究得出结论,根据四位伊玛目的说法,朝觐围绕着一个意义,即上帝神圣之家在面对崇敬时的意图,而单一的朝觐并不会只导致一次绕境,即Ifaadah绕境,而且不需要血液,这与进行朝觐的人和进行朝觐的人不同。
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引用次数: 0
الإلهيات عند الشيخ صالح الصيني ليو تشي (刘智 LIU ZHI) Al Ihāliyāt ‘inda al Sheikh Ṣāliḥ Al Ṣīnī Liyū Tashī 中国的谢赫萨利赫·刘熙的神圣
Pub Date : 2021-12-28 DOI: 10.36476/jirs.6:2.12.2021.03
Zhang Wan Xin, Abdul Wahab Jan Al Azhari
The purpose of this study is to explore through the thoughts of Sheikh Salih Chinese Liu Zhi (刘智) about Ilahiyat as one of the major branches of Ilmul Kalam which mainly includes the ontological order from the prospect of unitary essence articulating its three levels: Essence, Attributes, and Acts. This article elaborates the idea of Absolute Existence and the unitary essence considering inferences made by Sheikh Saleh Chinese Liu Zhi in detail. It also comprehends the relationship between them besides concentrating on explaining the kalami argument about the initial phase of creation compounds due to the acts of God, that manifests the attributes as exemplified through Essence. Moreover, this issue has been vitally analyzed in the views of other scholars. Sheikh Salih Chinese (Liu Zhi) has pioneered in the promulgation of the issues pertaining to the divines of God in cope with traditional structure of Chinese society. Therefore, this study will also reflect his methodology in treating with various creed issues as per socio-religious environment of his own society to see the argumentative application in presentation of theology according to the religious background of other societies. It is established in drawing literature review of this study that various authors have covered mostly the autobiography of Sheikh Salih Chinese and not his scholarly work. To explore his analogies the two fold methodologies have been applied; descriptive and analytical, aiming at narrating his deep comprehension of kalami issues and to analyze his work with classical body of scholarship of others. To address these points this study is divided in two main chapters; starting from the idea of the absoluteness of God’s existence: His attributes and Actions in the thoughts of Sheikh Salih Chinese.
本研究的目的是通过中国学者刘志对伊拉希亚作为伊拉穆勒卡拉姆主要分支之一的思想进行探讨,主要包括从统一本质的角度出发的本体论秩序,阐明其三个层次:本质、属性和行为。本文结合谢赫·萨利赫·中国人刘志的推论,详细阐述了绝对存在论和统一本质论。它也理解了它们之间的关系,除了集中解释卡拉米的论点,即创造化合物的初始阶段是由于上帝的行为,通过本质体现了属性。此外,其他学者对这一问题也进行了生动的分析。谢赫·萨利赫华人(刘智)为应对中国社会的传统结构,率先颁布了与神性有关的问题。因此,本研究也将反映他根据自己社会的社会宗教环境来处理各种信仰问题的方法,看看根据其他社会的宗教背景来呈现神学的论证应用。通过对这一研究的文献回顾,可以确定,不同的作者大多是关于谢赫·萨利赫·中国的自传,而不是他的学术著作。为了探究他的类比,我们采用了双重方法;描述与分析,旨在叙述他对卡拉米问题的深刻理解,并将他的作品与他人的经典学术体系进行分析。为了解决这些问题,本研究分为两个主要章节;从真主存在的绝对性观念出发:谢赫·萨利赫·中国思想中的真主属性与行为。
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引用次数: 0
An Analytical & Applied Study of Islamic Jurists Rule “Naqḍ al Istidlāl bi Ithbāt ‘annahu U'wwalu i’la al Maḥāl” 伊斯兰法学家统治“Naqal Istidlāl by Ithbāt”的分析与应用研究
Pub Date : 2021-12-28 DOI: 10.36476/jirs.6:2.12.2021.13
Saeed bin Ahmad Salih Faraj
This research aims to prove the Islamic Jurists rule “Naqḍ al Istidlāl bi Ithbāt ‘annahu U'wwalu i’la al Maḥāl”. The main research problem lies in the “Maḥāl”, its limits, types, and ways of proving it. The researcher adopted the comparative-analytical inductive approach. After collection of the research material from the basic sources, explanation of Maḥāl, and analysis of the material was done by classifying it into rational and legal, and then the theoretical side on both applications was dropped to know the claim of the maḥāl for invoking analogy, and its fixations in Sharī’ah. The research concludes that this rule is used by scholars, and no one violated it. The legal impossible has ways by which it is known, i.e; every rational impossible is a legal impossibility, everything that contradicts the absolutes of the law is from the legal impossibility, and anything that contradicts a legal ruling that has been proven to be perpetuated is legally impossible. Moreover, all claims of impossibility of invoking analogy in Islamic law are neither proven nor valid, as well as all claims of impossibility of substitution in Sharī’ah.
本研究旨在证明伊斯兰法学家对“Naq”的统治ḍ al-Istidlāl bi Ithbāt‘annahu U'walu i la al-Maḥāl”。主要研究问题在于“马”ḥ研究者采用了比较分析归纳法。从基本资料来源收集研究资料后,对马的解释ḥ对材料进行了分析,将其分为理性和合法两类,然后放弃了这两种应用的理论方面,以了解马的主张ḥāl,用于援引类比及其在Sharī'ah中的固定。研究表明,这一规则为学者所使用,没有人违反。法律上的不可能有其已知的方式,即:;每一个理性的不可能都是法律上的不可能,每一个与法律绝对性相矛盾的东西都来自法律上的不能,任何与已被证明是永久性的法律裁决相矛盾的事情都在法律上是不可能的。此外,伊斯兰法律中关于不可能援引类比的所有主张都没有得到证实,也没有有效性,Sharī'ah中关于不可替代的所有主张也是如此。
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引用次数: 0
تفسیر روح المعانی کی روشنی میں تصوف کے منتخب مسائل کا ناقدانہ جائزہ Tafsīr Rūḥ al Ma’ānī ki Roshnī me Taṣawwuf k Muntakhab Masā’il ka Nāqīdānah Jā’izah Tafsīr rāḥal-Maānīki Roshnīme Taṣawwuf k Muntakhab Masā'il ka nāqīdānah
Pub Date : 2021-12-28 DOI: 10.36476/jirs.6:2.12.2021.06
Wali Zaman, Muhammad Fakhar Uddin, I. Khan
Mahmood bin ‘Abdullah Al Ālūsī, author of Tafsīr Rūḥ al Ma’ānī, is a well-known scholar of Islamic world. In this book, besides describing the basics of Islamic education, he also discussed the ideas of Ṣūfiyā’ and criticized them in the light of Sharī’ah. After describing the ideas of Ṣūfiyā’ along with the logic behind, he critically analyzes their views and presents his own point of view about the issue as a concluding note. This paper the Prophethood in Animals, affirmation of the rationality, consciousness and soul in inanimate objects, disagreement in the feeling of being in pain and owe feelings in inanimate objects, the legitimacy of dance and songs are presented. The paper concludes that Al Ālūsī completely rejects the Ṣūfī opinion in all the issues except about the prophethood in animals as he does not oppose their opinion nor he imposes fatwa of disbelief on them.
Mahmood bin ' Abdullah Al Ālūsī, tafs ā r Rūḥ Al Ma ' ānī的作者,是伊斯兰世界著名的学者。在这本书中,除了描述伊斯兰教教育的基本内容外,他还讨论了Ṣūfiyā ' '的思想,并根据shari ' ah对其进行了批评。在描述了Ṣūfiyā’的想法以及背后的逻辑之后,他批判性地分析了他们的观点,并在结束语中提出了自己对这个问题的观点。本文从动物的先知性、对无生命物体的理性、意识和灵魂的肯定、无生命物体的痛苦感和亏爱感的分歧、舞蹈和歌曲的正当性等方面进行了论述。论文的结论是,Al Ālūsī在所有问题上都完全拒绝Ṣūfī的观点,除了关于动物的先知身份,因为他既不反对他们的观点,也不强加给他们不相信的法特瓦。
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引用次数: 0
المنهج النبوي في بناء القاعدة الاقتصادية للدولة في المدينة المنورة: دراسة تاريخية حديثية 在麦地那建立国家经济基础的预言方法:现代历史研究
Pub Date : 2021-08-02 DOI: 10.36476/jirs.6:1.06.2021.03
Abdul Ghaffar Bukhari, Abdul Qadir Abdul Karim Gondal
The Holy Prophet realized the importance of the economy in strengthening the power and stability of the Islamic State and established an independent market, compatible in its controls and transactions with the foundations and principles of Islamic law. He had distinct curriculum in treating these problems as he Made the economy a servant for the community after the community was serviced for the economy. This research aims to indicate the approach of the Prophet ﷺ in establishing and activating the state's economic base in Medina and highlighting the great achievements in this area in the Prophet's covenant, to the case of excellence and progress and in all aspects. The Prophet was able to put the cornerstone of a major economic revolution, and the greatness of the plan followed by the Prophet ﷺ was to address the economic problem. The first work by the Prophet ﷺ, after the construction of the mosque, was establishment of a market for Muslims, dealing on a free basis which had a significant impact on the economic monopoly of the Jews. The Prophet ﷺ put rules and general economic controls in trade markets, causing the nature of economics in the Prophetic era a moral stamp.
神圣的先知认识到经济在加强伊斯兰国的权力和稳定方面的重要性,并建立了一个独立的市场,其控制和交易符合伊斯兰法律的基础和原则。在处理这些问题上,他有自己独特的课程,因为他在社区为经济服务之后,让经济为社区服务。本研究旨在表明先知穆罕默德在麦地那建立和激活国家经济基础的方法,并突出先知之约在这一领域取得的巨大成就,以卓越和进步的情况下,在各个方面。先知能够奠定一场重大经济革命的基石,先知穆罕默德所遵循的伟大计划就是解决经济问题。在建造清真寺之后,先知穆罕默德的第一项工作是为穆斯林建立一个免费交易的市场,这对犹太人的经济垄断产生了重大影响。先知穆罕默德在贸易市场中制定了规则和普遍的经济控制,使先知时代的经济性质打上了道德印记。
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引用次数: 0
The Qur’anic Exegetical Styles: A Research Study 古兰经训诫风格研究
Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.36476/JIRS.6:1.06.2021.15
Hāfiz Muhammad Arshad Iqbal, M. Khan
To comprehend the excegetical literature, acquantaning with excegetical syles alongwith their different dimensions is inevitable. Exegesis by tradition(Tafsīr bil Ma’thūr) is very first style adopted in the interpretation of excegisis. Here is the the importance and significanse of the this study lies. Now the question is that how many sorts of this style of interpretation are there and what are the contents of its sorts. There are six kinds of this syles of Qur’ānic interpretation. The exegiest and the scholars of Qur’ān and Tafsir usually don’t take on these kinds as whole. That is why the study has more significance and bears importance. The study aims to know the kinds  of exegesis by tradition(Tafsīr bil Ma’thūr) with changing in it with the passage of time. There are many subdivisions and details concerning these kinds of Tafsīr bil ma’thūr. An analytical method of the research is followed during this research. It is pertinent to mention that the study is equipped with the examples of Tafsīr bil ma’thūr; for any claim and statement without existentioal evidence cannot be comprehencible.  In addition to this, changes in the dealing of this style of Qur’ānic interpretation with time can also be observed. This study particularly revolves around the Tafsīr bil ma’thūr.
要理解训诂文学,就必须了解训诂文体及其不同的维度。传统释经(tafs . r . bill Ma 'thūr)是释经的第一种方式。这就是本研究的重要性和意义所在。现在的问题是,这种解释方式有多少种,其内容是什么。古兰经ānic有六种解释方式。古兰经的注释者和学者ān和Tafsir通常不会把这些作为一个整体。因此,本研究更有意义和重要性。本研究旨在了解传统释经(tafs . r . bill Ma 'thūr)随著时间的变迁而改变的释经种类。有许多细分和细节关于这些类型的塔夫斯基比尔马'thūr。在本研究中,采用了一种分析研究的方法。值得一提的是,该研究配备了tafs . r . bill ma 'thūr;因为任何没有存在证据的主张和陈述都是不可理解的。除此之外,还可以观察到古兰经ānic解释的这种风格随时间的变化。这项研究特别围绕着tafs r bill ma 'thūr展开。
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引用次数: 0
"قلب السیر"میں نبی کریمﷺ کی ولادت باسعادت تک مذکور واقعات کاعلمی جائزہ 在塞拉利昂的心脏地带,先知克里姆的科学记忆得到了永远的回报。
Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.36476/jirs.6:1.06.2021.11
Sami ur Rahman, Hafiz Abdul Ghafoor
So many books have been written on Sīrah since the 1st A.H. Different Sīrah writers have attempted to write books to pay tribute to the Holy Prophet (saw). Among these Sīrah writers, one is Gohar Khan Khattak, a prominent Pashto and Persian prose writer. Gohar Khan Khattak has written an enormous book in Pashto language on Sīrah, comprises about eight hundred pages. The theme of this book is the Sīrah of the Prophet (SAW), his lifestyle, and Ghazawāt. Gohar Khan Khattak has collected all kinds of narrations regarding the Sīrah. This study is an attempt to compare these narrations with authentic books of Sīrah, so that the narrations, till the birth of the Holy Prophet (SAW), mentioned in “Qalb al Siyar” may be analyzed practically. The study concludes that Khattak has no authentic source of Sīrah that is why many Ḍa’īf narrations are part of his book. Moreover, he has entered his opinions in sirah, which are not mentioned in authentic books of Sīrah and history.
自公元1世纪以来,有很多关于赛拉的书被写了出来。不同的赛拉作家都试图写书向神圣的先知致敬。在这些Sīrah作家中,一位是著名的普什图语和波斯散文作家Gohar Khan Khattak。Gohar Khan Khattak用普什图语写了一本关于Sīrah的巨著,约800页。这本书的主题是先知(SAW)的Sīrah、他的生活方式和Ghazawāt。Gohar Khan Khattak收集了关于Sīrah的各种叙述。本研究试图将这些叙述与Sīrah的真书进行比较,以便对《Qalb al-Siyar》中提到的直到神圣先知(SAW)出生的叙述进行实际分析。该研究得出结论,哈塔克没有Sīrah的真实来源,这就是为什么许多人Ḍ阿的叙述是他的书的一部分。此外,他在《西拉》中表达了自己的观点,而这些观点在真正的Sīrah和历史书籍中没有提及。
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引用次数: 0
فلسفة الدعاء عند الصوفية ومعالجتُها لأسئلة الحائرين 苏菲派祈祷的哲学和对持方问题的处理
Pub Date : 2021-06-25 DOI: 10.36476/JIRS.6:1.06.2021.05
Ahmad Idrees Al-Ta'an
This research deals with the question of supplication among the people of Sufism in terms of: the truth of supplication, its importance, how Sufis understand it, and the relationship of supplication to faith in general. It is through their own philosophy of understanding supplication that a person can find comfortable answers to the doubts raised by skeptics about supplication in terms of its answer, the benefit of it, and how does the appointed person deal with the supplication in its different situations?  And what is his position - as a servant of God Almighty - regarding his seeing the supplication answered sooner, or his failure to see that? Sufism sparks in their philosophy through an fundamental  issue that is the basis for all other issues, which are the reality of the human being, his identity, the essence of this identity, the reality of this worldly life, its purpose, and the position of man in it.  If a person understands this correctly, then all the other issues become branches that are easy to understand for the mind, and the heart remains, which always needs to be monitored, monitored and addressed in order not to lose sight of the greater purpose and the main significance of his existence, so he gets lost in the labyrinths of the dusty paths.   Thus, Sufis believe that dealing with any suspicions related to faith and supplication is dealt with in two ways: the first is the understanding of God Almighty who persuades the mind and relaxes it, and the second: the work that polishes the heart and soul with emotional knowledge, saves it from distraction and negligence, and always draws it to His Creator and Creator Almighty.
本研究从以下几个方面探讨了苏菲派信徒之间的祈祷问题:祈祷的真相,它的重要性,苏菲派如何理解它,以及祈祷与信仰的关系。通过他们自己理解祷告的哲学,一个人可以找到令人满意的答案,来回答怀疑者对祷告的质疑,包括祷告的答案,祷告的好处,以及被指定的人如何在不同的情况下处理祷告?作为全能的上帝的仆人,他的立场是什么呢?对于他的祈求早日得到回应,还是没有得到回应,他的立场是什么呢?苏菲主义通过一个基本问题激发了他们的哲学,这个问题是所有其他问题的基础,这些问题是人类的现实,他的身份,这个身份的本质,这个世俗生活的现实,它的目的,以及人在其中的地位。如果一个人正确地理解了这一点,那么所有其他的问题都变成了头脑容易理解的分支,而心仍然存在,它总是需要被监控、监控和处理,以避免忽视更大的目标和他存在的主要意义,所以他迷失在尘土飞扬的迷宫中。因此,苏菲派认为,处理与信仰和祈求有关的任何怀疑都有两种方式:第一种是对全能的上帝的理解,他说服并放松了头脑;第二种是:用情感知识抛光心灵和灵魂的工作,使其免于分心和疏忽,并始终将其吸引到他的创造者和全能的创造者那里。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Islamic and Religious Studies
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