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Current Trend of Industry 4.0 in Logistics and Transformation of Logistics Processes Using Digital Technologies: An Empirical Study in the Slovak Republic 物流工业4.0的当前趋势和使用数字技术的物流流程转型:斯洛伐克共和国的实证研究
IF 3.8 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-11-15 DOI: 10.3390/logistics6040079
Patrik Richnák
Background: The digital transformation towards Industry 4.0 has become a necessity for businesses as it makes them more flexible, agile and responsive. Logistics is no exception, as it is constantly undergoing a significant transformation supported by revolutionary Industry 4.0 technologies that are fundamentally changing logistics processes and operations. Methods: In the construction of the paper, the following classical scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, analogy, specification and comparison. Among the special scientific methods, the method of classification, concretisation, graphical methods, questionnaire survey and statistical methods were used. Results: The analysed enterprises perceive digital transformation in logistics. In the analysed enterprises in Slovakia, the Industry 4.0 strategy is implemented in logistics. Industry 4.0 in logistics has the largest representation in production logistics in each enterprise category. In implementing Industry 4.0 in logistics, enterprises confront the biggest barrier, namely, investment costs. Conclusions: Through one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation coefficient, several significant relationships were confirmed. The significant relationship between manufacturing logistics and selected Industry 4.0 technologies was demonstrated. The significant relationship between procurement logistics and selected Industry 4.0 technologies was also demonstrated. The statistical analysis also confirmed a significant relationship between distribution logistics and the selected Industry 4.0 technologies.
背景:向工业4.0的数字化转型已成为企业的必要条件,因为它使企业更加灵活、敏捷和响应能力更强。物流也不例外,因为在革命性的工业4.0技术的支持下,物流正在不断进行重大变革,这些技术正在从根本上改变物流流程和运营。方法:在论文的构建中,采用了以下经典的科学方法:分析、综合、归纳、推导、类比、规范和比较。在特殊的科学方法中,采用了分类法、具体化法、图解法、问卷调查法和统计法。结果:被分析的企业感知到物流的数字化转型。在斯洛伐克被分析的企业中,物流业实施了工业4.0战略。物流领域的工业4.0在各企业类别的生产物流中具有最大的代表性。在物流领域实施工业4.0,企业面临的最大障碍就是投资成本。结论:通过单因素方差分析(ANOVA)和Pearson相关系数,证实了几个显著的关系。展示了制造业物流与选定的工业4.0技术之间的重要关系。采购物流与选定的工业4.0技术之间的重要关系也得到了证明。统计分析还证实了配送物流与选定的工业4.0技术之间的显著关系。
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引用次数: 5
Challenges to Promoting Resilience in Supply Chains Observed during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Study of the Amazon Region Using the TOPSIS Technique 在COVID-19大流行期间观察到的促进供应链弹性的挑战:使用TOPSIS技术对亚马逊地区的探索性研究
IF 3.8 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-11-11 DOI: 10.3390/logistics6040078
Dhiordan Cunha Tadaiesky, Joaquim Lima das Neves Neto, A. C. S. Melo, R. Anholon, Eliane de Castro Coutinho, V. Martins
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has moved the world in every way, directly impacting supply chains globally and bringing major challenges to management, decision-makers, and companies of all sizes and sectors. This intensifies when it comes to the Brazilian Amazon region, a place that historically already lives with several maintenance projects focused on supply chain management (SCM). Methods: Thus, this research aimed to understand the main challenges faced by professionals in the supply chain area in the Amazon region through the development of a survey with professionals in the area. This study conducted a structured questionnaire containing 10 challenges related to SCM during the pandemic period to generate a ranking of these challenges using data analysis using means and comparative ordering using the TOPSIS Multicriteria Technique. Results: It was observed that the most relevant challenges for companies in this region were, respectively, distribution, economic problems, and interruptions in supply and demand. These obstacles promote debates with the literature and foster the expansion of knowledge about the insertion of resilience elements in supply chains in the Amazon. Conclusions: From a theoretical point of view and because it is exploratory research, the results serve as a basis for researchers in the area who aim to understand and expand the debates on this topic through future research. From a practical point of view, the results can help supply chain managers in the Amazon region who work directly in its maintenance and aim to maintain its resilience, since they already have the main challenges for the proper functioning of supply chains identified and ranked. Because it is an exploratory study, the results achieved can contribute significantly to the expansion of debates in the area and in a practical way with managers involved in activities that compose supply chains.
背景:2019冠状病毒病大流行在各个方面影响着世界,直接影响着全球供应链,给各种规模和行业的管理层、决策者和公司带来重大挑战。当涉及到巴西亚马逊地区时,这种情况就会加剧,该地区历史上已经有几个专注于供应链管理(SCM)的维护项目。方法:因此,本研究旨在通过对该地区专业人士的调查,了解亚马逊地区供应链领域专业人士面临的主要挑战。本研究进行了一项结构化问卷调查,其中包含大流行期间与供应链管理相关的10项挑战,利用数据分析方法和TOPSIS多标准技术的比较排序对这些挑战进行排名。结果:该地区企业面临的最相关挑战分别是分销、经济问题和供需中断。这些障碍促进了与文献的辩论,并促进了关于在亚马逊供应链中插入弹性元素的知识的扩展。结论:从理论的角度来看,由于这是一项探索性研究,因此研究结果为该领域的研究人员提供了基础,他们旨在通过未来的研究来理解和扩大关于这一主题的争论。从实际的角度来看,研究结果可以帮助亚马逊地区的供应链经理,他们直接从事供应链的维护工作,并旨在保持其弹性,因为他们已经有了供应链正常运作的主要挑战,并对其进行了识别和排名。由于这是一项探索性研究,因此所取得的结果可以为扩大该领域的辩论做出重大贡献,并以实际的方式与参与构成供应链的活动的管理人员进行讨论。
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引用次数: 1
Supply Chain Relationships in Circular Business Models: Supplier Tactics at Royal Smit Transformers 循环商业模式下的供应链关系:Royal Smit transformer的供应商策略
IF 3.8 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-31 DOI: 10.3390/logistics6040077
Marlies van Tilburg, H. Krikke, W. Lambrechts
Background: Despite growing popularity, Circular Economy has not reached its full potential. One of the frequently mentioned success factors is the adoption of a Circular Business Model. However, fueled by (too) many constraints, its implementation is often hampered by so-called vicious cycles. Successful Circular Business Models require intensive collaboration between buyers and suppliers, with one of the key questions remaining who takes the initiative and leads the development: buyer or supplier? Methods: Through a single case study combining desk research, interviews, participative observations and analysis of vicious cycles, we investigate how supply chain relationships managed by the supplier can enhance the implementation of Circular Business Models. Results: We show that supplier tactics can relax constraints and break vicious cycles through (1) buyer–supplier relationship management, (2) functional integration of stakeholders and (3) incentive management. We also show that, due to supplier captive conditions, a number of enabling factors are indispensable, namely: (1) the availability of buyer incentives; (2) (joint experimenting to develop) circular knowledge; (3) sharing clear visions on circularity; (4) being transparent in possibilities; and (5) supply chain leadership. Conclusions: As a consequence, strategic trust-based partnerships are a prerequisite for turning vicious cycles into virtuous cycles. Future research should also investigate the role of the buyer, including buyer captive conditions, and how to shape supply chain leadership. Finally, the role of supplier tactics in relation to other success factors next to Circular Business Models needs to be further explored.
背景:尽管循环经济越来越受欢迎,但它并没有充分发挥潜力。经常提到的成功因素之一是采用循环商业模式。然而,由于受到(太多)限制,其实施往往受到所谓恶性循环的阻碍。成功的循环商业模式需要买家和供应商之间的密切合作,其中一个关键问题仍然是谁采取主动并领导开发:买家还是供应商?方法:通过个案研究,结合案头研究、访谈、参与性观察和恶性循环分析,我们研究了供应商管理的供应链关系如何促进循环商业模式的实施。结果:我们发现,供应商策略可以通过(1)买方-供应商关系管理、(2)利益相关者的功能整合和(3)激励管理来放松约束,打破恶性循环。我们还表明,由于供应商的垄断条件,许多有利因素是必不可少的,即:(1)买方激励措施的可用性;(2) (联合试验开发)循环知识;(3) 分享关于循环性的清晰愿景;(4) 可能性透明;以及(5)供应链领导力。结论:因此,基于信任的战略伙伴关系是将恶性循环转变为良性循环的先决条件。未来的研究还应调查买家的角色,包括买家的束缚条件,以及如何塑造供应链领导力。最后,供应商策略在循环商业模式下的其他成功因素中的作用需要进一步探索。
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引用次数: 2
The Significance of Machine Learning in the Manufacturing Sector: An ISM Approach 机器学习在制造业的意义:ISM方法
IF 3.8 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.3390/logistics6040076
Alisha Lakra, Shubhkirti Gupta, Ravi Ranjan, S. Tripathy, D. Singhal
Background: Our day-to-day commodities truly depend on the industrial sector, which is expanding at a rapid rate along with the growing population. The production of goods needs to be accurate and rapid. Thus, for the present research, we have incorporated machine-learning (ML) technology in the manufacturing sector (MS). Methods: Through an inclusive study, we identify 11 factors within the research background that could be seen as holding significance for machine learning in the manufacturing sector. An interpretive structural modeling (ISM) method is used, and inputs from experts are applied to establish the relationships. Results: The findings from the ISM model show the ‘order fulfillment factor as the long-term focus and the ‘market demand’ factor as the short-term focus. The results indicate the critical factors that impact the development of machine learning in the manufacturing sector. Conclusions: Our research contributes to the manufacturing sector which aims to incorporate machine learning. Using the ISM model, industries can directly point out their oddities and improve on them for better performance.
背景:我们的日常商品确实依赖于工业部门,随着人口的增长,工业部门正在快速扩张。商品的生产需要准确快速。因此,在本研究中,我们将机器学习(ML)技术纳入了制造业(MS)。方法:通过一项包容性研究,我们确定了研究背景下的11个因素,这些因素对制造业的机器学习具有重要意义。使用解释结构建模(ISM)方法,并应用专家的输入来建立关系。结果:ISM模型的结果表明,“订单履行因素”是长期关注点,“市场需求”因素是短期关注点。研究结果表明了影响制造业机器学习发展的关键因素。结论:我们的研究有助于制造业将机器学习纳入其中。使用ISM模型,行业可以直接指出它们的奇怪之处,并对其进行改进以获得更好的性能。
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引用次数: 2
NARX Neural Network for Safe Human–Robot Collaboration Using Only Joint Position Sensor 仅使用关节位置传感器的安全人机协作NARX神经网络
IF 3.8 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-18 DOI: 10.3390/logistics6040075
Abdel-Nasser Sharkawy, Mustafa M. Ali
Background: Safety is the very necessary issue that must be considered during human-robot collaboration in the same workspace or area. Methods: In this manuscript, a nonlinear autoregressive model with an exog-enous inputs neural network (NARXNN) is developed for the detection of collisions between a manipulator and human. The design of the NARXNN depends on the dynamics of the manipulator’s joints and considers only the signals of the position sensors that are intrinsic to the manipulator’s joints. Therefore, this network could be applied and used with any conventional robot. The data used for training the designed NARXNN are generated by two experiments considering the sinusoidal joint motion of the manipulator. The first experiment is executed using a free-of-contact motion, whereas in the second experiment, random collisions by human hands are performed with the robot. The training process of the NARXNN is carried out using the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm in MATLAB. The evaluation and the effectiveness (%) of the developed method are investigated taking into account different data and conditions from the used data for training. The experiments are executed using the KUKA LWR IV manipulator. Results: The results prove that the trained method is efficient in estimating the external joint torque and in correctly detecting the collisions. Conclusions: Eventually, a comparison is presented between the proposed NARXNN and the other NN architectures presented in our previous work.
背景:安全是人机在同一工作空间或区域进行协作时必须考虑的非常必要的问题。方法:在本文中,开发了一个具有外输入神经网络(NARXNN)的非线性自回归模型,用于检测机械手和人之间的碰撞。NARXNN的设计取决于机械手关节的动力学,并且只考虑机械手关节固有的位置传感器的信号。因此,该网络可以应用于任何传统的机器人。用于训练所设计的NARXNN的数据是通过两个实验生成的,考虑了机械手的正弦关节运动。第一个实验是使用自由接触运动来执行的,而在第二个实验中,由人手与机器人进行随机碰撞。NARXNN的训练过程是使用MATLAB中的Levenberg–Marquardt算法进行的。考虑到与用于训练的数据不同的数据和条件,研究了所开发方法的评估和有效性(%)。实验使用KUKA LWR IV机械手进行。结果:实验结果表明,该训练方法在估计关节外力矩和正确检测碰撞方面是有效的。结论:最后,将所提出的NARXNN与我们之前工作中提出的其他NN架构进行了比较。
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引用次数: 3
Application of Optimization Techniques in the Dairy Supply Chain: A Systematic Review 优化技术在乳品供应链中的应用:系统综述
IF 3.8 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-17 DOI: 10.3390/logistics6040074
Mohit Malik, V. Gahlawat, R. Mor, Vijay Dahiya, Mukheshwar Yadav
Background: The global dairy market is experiencing a massive transition as dairy farming has recently undergone modernization. As a result, the dairy industry needs to improve its operational efficiencies by implementing effective optimization techniques. Conventional and emerging optimization techniques have already gained momentum in the dairy industry. This study’s objective was to explore the optimization techniques developed for or implemented in the dairy supply chain (DSC) and to investigate how these techniques can improve the DSC. Methods: A systematic review approach based on PRISMA guidelines were adopted to conduct this review. The authors used descriptive statistics for statistical analysis. Results: Modernization has led the dairy industry to improve its operational efficiencies by implementing the most effective optimization techniques. Researchers have used mathematical modeling-based methods and are shifting to artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) -based approaches in the DSC. The mathematical modeling-based techniques remain dominant (56% of articles), but AI and ML-based techniques are gaining traction (used in around 44% of articles). Conclusions: The review findings show insight into the benefits and implications of optimization techniques in the DSC. This research shows how optimization techniques are associated with every phase of the DSC and how new technologies have affected the supply chain.
背景:全球乳制品市场正在经历一场大规模的转型,因为乳制品养殖最近经历了现代化。因此,乳制品行业需要通过实施有效的优化技术来提高其运营效率。传统和新兴的优化技术已经在乳制品行业获得了发展势头。本研究的目的是探索为乳制品供应链(DSC)开发或实施的优化技术,并研究这些技术如何改善DSC。方法:采用基于PRISMA指南的系统综述方法进行本综述。作者使用描述性统计学进行统计分析。结果:现代化使乳制品行业通过实施最有效的优化技术提高了运营效率。研究人员已经使用了基于数学建模的方法,并在DSC中转向基于人工智能(AI)和机器学习(ML)的方法。基于数学建模的技术仍然占主导地位(56%的文章),但基于AI和ML的技术正在获得吸引力(约44%的文章中使用)。结论:综述结果显示了优化技术在DSC中的优势和意义。这项研究展示了优化技术如何与DSC的每个阶段相关联,以及新技术如何影响供应链。
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引用次数: 6
Design and Evaluation of an Integrated Autonomous Control Method for Automobile Terminals 汽车终端集成自主控制方法的设计与评价
IF 3.8 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-13 DOI: 10.3390/logistics6040073
M. Görges, M. Freitag
Background: Automobile terminals play a key role in global finished car supply chains. Due to their connecting character between manufacturers on the one side and distributers on the other side, they are continuously faced with volatile demand fluctuations and unforeseen dynamic events, which cannot be handled adequately by existing planning methods. Autonomous control concepts already showed promising results coping with such dynamics. Methods: This paper describes the causes of dynamics and the terminal systems’ inherent shortcomings in dealing with such dynamics. On this basis, it derives terminal’s demand for novel planning approaches and presents a new integrated autonomous control method for automobile terminals. This novel autonomous control approach combines yard and berth assignments. This paper evaluates the performance of the new approach in a small comprehensive generic scenario. It compares classical planning approaches with the new autonomous control approach, by using a discrete event simulation model. Moreover, it analyses all relevant parameters of the new approach in a full factorial experiment design. In a second step this paper proves the applicability of the combined autonomous control approach to real-world terminals. It presents a simulation model of a real-world terminal and compares the new method with the existing terminal planning approaches. Results: This paper will show that the autonomous control approach is capable of outperforming existing centralized planning methods. In the generic and in the real-world case the new combined method leads to the best logistic target achievement. Conclusions: The new approach is highly suitable to automobile terminal systems and helps to overcome existing shortcomings. Especially in highly dynamic and complex settings, autonomous control performs better than conventional yard planning approaches.
背景:汽车终端在全球整车供应链中发挥着关键作用。由于制造商和分销商之间的联系特点,他们不断面临不稳定的需求波动和不可预见的动态事件,而现有的规划方法无法充分处理这些问题。自主控制概念已经显示出应对这种动态的有希望的结果。方法:本文描述了动力学的原因以及终端系统在处理这种动力学时的固有缺陷。在此基础上,推导出终端对新规划方法的需求,提出了一种新的汽车终端综合自主控制方法。这种新颖的自主控制方法结合了堆场和泊位分配。本文在一个小型综合通用场景中评估了新方法的性能。通过使用离散事件仿真模型,将经典的规划方法与新的自主控制方法进行了比较。此外,在全因子实验设计中分析了新方法的所有相关参数。在第二步中,本文证明了组合自主控制方法对真实世界终端的适用性。它给出了一个真实世界终端的仿真模型,并将新方法与现有的终端规划方法进行了比较。结果:本文将表明,自主控制方法能够优于现有的集中式规划方法。在一般情况和实际情况下,新的组合方法可以实现最佳的物流目标。结论:新方法非常适合于汽车终端系统,有助于克服现有的缺点。特别是在高度动态和复杂的环境中,自主控制比传统的堆场规划方法表现得更好。
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引用次数: 1
MDEALNS for Solving the Tapioca Starch Logistics Network Problem for the Land Port of Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand MDEALS解决泰国呵叻府陆港木薯淀粉物流网络问题
IF 3.8 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-10 DOI: 10.3390/logistics6040072
Chakat Chueadee, P. Kriengkorakot, Nuchsara Kriengkorakot
Background: This research aimed to establish a network linked to generation, for the transport route of tapioca starch products to a land port, serving as the logistics hub of Thailand’s Nakhon Ratchasima province. Methods: The adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) algorithm, combined with the differential evolution (DE) approach, was used for the problem analysis, and this method was named modified differential evolution adaptive large neighborhood search (MDEALNS) is a new method that includes six steps, which are (1) initialization, (2) mutation, (3) recombination, (4) updating with ALNS, (5) Selection and (6) repeat the (2) to (5) steps until the termination condition is met. The MDEALNS algorithm designed a logistics network linking the optimal route and a suitable open/close factory allocation with the lowest transport cost for tapioca starch. The operating supply chain of tapioca starch manufacturing in the case study. The proposed methods have been tested with datasets of the three groups of test instances and the case study consisted of 404 farms, 33 factories, and 1 land port. Results: The computational results show that MDEALNS method can reduced the distance and the fuel cost and outperformed the highest performance of the original method used by LINGO, DE, and ALNS. Conclusions: The computational results show that MDEALNS method can reduced the distance and the fuel cost and outperformed the highest performance of the original method used by LINGO, DE, and ALNS.
背景:本研究旨在建立一个与发电相关的网络,用于将木薯淀粉产品运输到作为泰国呵叻府物流枢纽的陆路港口。方法:将自适应大邻域搜索(ALNS)算法与差分进化(DE)方法相结合进行问题分析,该方法被命名为改进的差分进化自适应大邻域检索(MDEALNS),它是一种新的方法,包括六个步骤,即(1)初始化、(2)突变、(3)重组、(4)用ALNS更新,(5)选择和(6)重复(2)至(5)步骤,直到满足终止条件。MDEALS算法设计了一个物流网络,将最优路线和合适的开/关工厂分配与木薯淀粉的最低运输成本联系起来。以木薯淀粉生产的供应链运作为例进行研究。利用三组测试实例的数据集对所提出的方法进行了测试,并对404个农场、33个工厂和1个陆港进行了案例研究。结果:计算结果表明,MDEALNS方法可以减少距离和燃料成本,并且优于LINGO、DE和ALNS使用的原始方法的最高性能。结论:计算结果表明,MDEALNS方法可以减少距离和燃料成本,并且优于LINGO、DE和ALNS使用的原始方法的最高性能。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the Disparity between Recurring and Temporary Collaborative Performance: A Literature Review between 1994 and 2021 重复性和临时性合作绩效差异分析:1994年至2021年的文献综述
IF 3.8 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-09 DOI: 10.3390/logistics6040071
Sara Rye
Performance frameworks are common ways to guarantee the success of a collaboration by assessment/improvement of the organisations. However, collaborative performance in recurring collaborations (RC) and temporary ones (TC) are being measured differently due to their inherent characteristics. A systematic review of 282 existing studies, from 2000 onwards, into collaborative networks divided between RC and TC based on the duration of collaboration and the application of the studies was performed. The result gave rise to the thematic analysis of the textual narratives, as well as a quantitative meta-summary of the synthesis. The review shows two different approaches to guarantee the performance of the collaboration. The first group provide a recipe for success by recognizing the causal relationship between nine collaborative measures, including information and risk sharing, trust, commitment, agility, power balance, leadership, prior-experience, and alignment. The second group ensures the success of collaboration by selecting suitable partners based on their previous performance emerging through synergy, readiness, agility and internal–external factors. The reasoning behind these differences are discussed and the current gaps in research are outlined.
绩效框架是通过评估/改进组织来保证合作成功的常用方法。然而,重复合作(RC)和临时合作(TC)中的合作绩效由于其固有特征而被不同地衡量。从2000年起,对282项现有研究进行了系统审查,这些研究根据合作的持续时间和研究的应用划分为RC和TC之间的合作网络。这一结果引发了对文本叙事的主题分析,以及对综合的定量元总结。审查显示了两种不同的方法来保证合作的绩效。第一组通过认识到九项合作措施之间的因果关系,提供了成功的秘诀,包括信息和风险共享、信任、承诺、灵活性、权力平衡、领导力、先前经验和一致性。第二组通过选择合适的合作伙伴来确保合作的成功,这是基于他们之前通过协同、准备、灵活性和内部-外部因素表现出来的表现。讨论了这些差异背后的原因,并概述了目前研究中的差距。
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引用次数: 0
Student-Centered Curriculum Design and Evaluation in Logistics Management 以学生为中心的物流管理课程设计与评价
IF 3.8 Q1 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.3390/logistics6040070
S. Fayezi
Background: In this essay, we address an important issue in the logistics education discourse relating to student-centered curriculum design and evaluation. Methods: We adopt an integrative approach based on conceptual development and guided by constructive alignment. Results: We apply and elaborate our conceptual framework using a case of a teaching plan in logistics management. We also propose an evaluation strategy for our teaching plan in the form of a template. Conclusions: Our essay contributes to the logistics education discourse by using learning theories and developing curriculum design and evaluation guidelines that can be replicated by other educators.
背景:在本文中,我们讨论了物流教育话语中与以学生为中心的课程设计和评价有关的一个重要问题。方法:我们采用基于概念发展和建设性对齐指导的综合方法。结果:我们以物流管理教学计划为例,应用并阐述了我们的概念框架。并以模板的形式提出了教学计划的评价策略。结论:我们的论文通过使用学习理论和开发课程设计和评估指南,为物流教育话语做出了贡献,可以被其他教育者复制。
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引用次数: 0
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Logistics-Basel
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