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Reaction of garlic genotypes to Ditylenchus dipsaci and aspects related to productivity in a naturally infested area 自然侵染地区大蒜基因型对二叉螟的反应及其与生产力的关系
IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220414
Giliard S Correia, J. V. A. Araújo Filho, W. G. D. Silva, R. Moccellin, F. V. Resende, J. Pinheiro, P. D. S. Grinberg, C. Gomes
ABSTRACT The stem and bulb nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci, is one of the main problems which affects garlic crop in Brazil; however, information on the host status of the crop to the pathogen is scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the host status of 11 garlic genotypes to Ditylenchus dipsaci and their productivity in experiments conducted under controlled conditions and in the field. In a greenhouse, diverse genetic materials were evaluated for nematode reproduction factor (RF). At the same time, the nematode reproduction, damage caused and productivity of these same genotypes were evaluated in an area naturally infested. In the greenhouse, ‘AM-PC Farias’, ‘Quitéria’, ‘BRS Hozan’, ‘Peruano’, ‘Chonan’ and ‘Moz 114’ were resistant; and, under field conditions, in these same genotypes, the nematode showed the lowest rates of reproduction in the soil (RF= 0.2 to 10.77) and in the tissues (1 to 3,893 specimens/plant), and there were the lowest percentages of symptomatic (0 to 48.66%) and dead (4.17 to 19.57%) plants. Higher productivities (4.32 to 11.05 t/ha) and bulb weight (13.12 to 58.63 g) were obtained with ‘AM-PC Farias’, ‘Quitéria’ and ‘AM-Erenice’; however, only in ‘AM-PC Farias’ and in ‘BRS Hozan’ we observed lower population levels of D. dipsaci in bulb peels (110 and 0.1 specimens/g, respectively).
茎球线虫Ditylenchus dipsaci是影响巴西大蒜产量的主要问题之一;然而,关于作物对病原体的宿主状态的信息很少。因此,本研究的目的是在受控条件下和田间进行的实验中,评估11个大蒜基因型对Ditillenchus dipsaci的寄主状况及其生产力。在温室中,对不同的遗传物质进行线虫繁殖因子(RF)评估。同时,在自然感染区对这些基因型的线虫繁殖、造成的损害和生产力进行了评估。在温室中,‘AM-PC Farias’、‘Quitéria’、‘BRS Hozan’、‘Peruano’、‘Chonan’和‘Moz 114’具有抗性;在田间条件下,在这些相同的基因型中,线虫在土壤(RF=0.2至10.77)和组织(1至3893个标本/株)中的繁殖率最低,有症状的(0至48.66%)和死亡的(4.17至19.57%)植物的百分比最低。“AM-PC Farias”、“Quitéria”和“AM Erenice”获得了更高的生产力(4.32至11.05t/ha)和球茎重量(13.12至58.63g);然而,只有在‘AM-PC Farias’和‘BRS-Hozan’中,我们在鳞茎皮中观察到较低的续断藻种群水平(分别为110和0.1个样品/g)。
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引用次数: 1
Seed germination and substrates for seedlings cultivation of Melocactus zehntneri 竹笋种子萌发及育苗基质研究
IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220406
M. Magnani, J. Cardoso
ABSTRACT The populations of Melocactus zehntneri 'chapéu-de-frade' have shown an alarming decline due to the constant withdrawal of individuals from their natural areas. The low percentage of germination of M. zehntneri seeds, added to the slow growth, requires a system for commercial propagation of this species. This study aimed to test the influence of water, hydrochloric acid or acetic acid pre-treatments on seed germination and the influence of different substrates on the initial development of M. zehntneri seedlings. The seeds were immersed in deionized water, hydrochloric acid (5N) or glacial acetic acid (100%) for 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 minutes and placed to germinate in a Petri dish containing filter paper moistened with 5 mL deionized water. The seedlings obtained from this germination (≡ 0.4 cm diameter) were cultivated on Carolina Soil® and vermiculite [2:1] substrates; Carolina Soil® and vermiculite [2:1] + drainage; medium-grained sand; medium-grained sand + drainage; medium-grained sand and organic compost [1:1]; medium-grained sand and organic compost [1:1] + drainage; and Carolina Soil® and medium-grained sand [1:1]. The highest percentage of germination was obtained with the pre-treatment by immersion in water, in the times of 10 and 30 minutes, totaling 55% of germinated seeds. Treatments with hydrochloric acid did not increase the percentage of germinated seeds, which were also close to 50%. In the test with the substrates, in Carolina Soil® there were the best rates of seedling survival after transplanting (87.5%) and seedling development performance. Treatments containing organic compost resulted in lower survival (69%) and seedling development. Seed germination and seedling development in Carolina Soil® substrate and sand proved to be an excellent alternative for the production of M. zehntneri seedlings.
摘要:由于个体不断撤离其自然区域,“chapéu-de-frade”甜瓜的种群数量出现了惊人的下降。zehntneri种子发芽率低,再加上生长缓慢,需要一个用于该物种商业繁殖的系统。本研究旨在测试水、盐酸或乙酸预处理对泽氏菌种子发芽的影响,以及不同基质对泽氏杆菌幼苗初始发育的影响。将种子浸入去离子水、盐酸(5N)或冰醋酸(100%)中10、20、30、40和50分钟,并将其置于含有用5mL去离子水润湿的滤纸的培养皿中发芽。从这种发芽中获得的幼苗(lect 0.4 cm直径)在Carolina Soil®和蛭石[2:1]基质上培养;Carolina Soil®和蛭石[2:1]+排水;中粒砂;中粒砂+排水;中粒砂和有机堆肥[1:1];中粒砂和有机堆肥[1:1]+排水;以及Carolina Soil®和中粒砂[1:1]。在10分钟和30分钟的时间内,通过浸泡在水中的预处理获得了最高的发芽率,总计55%的发芽种子。用盐酸处理并没有增加发芽种子的百分比,也接近50%。在基质试验中,Carolina Soil®的幼苗移植后存活率(87.5%)和幼苗发育性能最好。含有有机堆肥的处理导致较低的存活率(69%)和幼苗发育。在Carolina Soil®基质和沙子中的种子发芽和幼苗发育被证明是生产泽氏菌幼苗的绝佳替代品。
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引用次数: 1
Nutrient content and accumulation in mini lettuce as a function of fertigation management strategies 迷你生菜的养分含量和积累与施肥管理策略的关系
IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220408
L. Pereira, J. C. Saad, A. Cardoso, Verônica Andressa de Castro, C. G. Lima, E. M. D. Silva
ABSTRACT Determining the amount of nutrients accumulated by crops is an important tool for defining the order in which nutrients are taken up and required. However, the order and amount of accumulated nutrients vary depending on the genetic characteristics of the cultivars, climatic conditions, fertilization, soil and management systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of irrigation management strategies and doses of nitrogen (N) fertigation on the content and accumulation of macro and micronutrients and the N use efficiency in mini romaine lettuce “Astorga” cultivated in a protected environment, in two consecutive crop cycles. The treatments consisted of three irrigation strategies: continuous irrigation (Cont), intermittent irrigation, with three fractions a day, at 1-hour intervals (Int1); intermittent irrigation, with three fractions a day, at 4-hour intervals (Int2) and two nitrogen doses (100 and 130 kg/ha N), in daily fertigation. Intermittent irrigation management strategies (Int1 and Int2) increased the contents and accumulation of dry matter and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Fe, Mn and Zn. The dose of 130 kg/ha N only increased the content and accumulation of P and Mn in the first and second cycles, respectively. In general, lettuce accumulated macronutrients in the following decreasing order: K>N>Ca>P>Mg>S, whereas micronutrients followed the order Fe>Mn>Zn>B>Cu. The treatments Int1, Int2 and 100 kg/ha N optimized the N use efficiency.
摘要测定作物积累的营养物质数量是确定营养物质吸收和需求顺序的重要工具。然而,积累养分的顺序和数量因品种的遗传特征、气候条件、施肥、土壤和管理系统而异。本研究的目的是评估灌溉管理策略和氮(N)灌溉施肥剂量对在保护环境中连续两个作物周期种植的迷你莴苣“Astorga”中宏观和微量营养素含量和积累以及氮利用效率的影响。处理包括三种灌溉策略:连续灌溉(Cont)、间歇灌溉,每天三次,间隔1小时(Int1);间歇灌溉,每天三次,间隔4小时(Int2),每天施肥两次(100和130公斤/公顷N)。间歇灌溉管理策略(Int1和Int2)增加了干物质和N、P、K、Ca、Mg、S、B、Fe、Mn和Zn的含量和积累。130公斤/公顷氮的剂量仅在第一和第二周期中分别增加了P和Mn的含量和积累。总的来说,莴苣积累的大量营养素按以下递减顺序:K>N>Ca>P>Mg>S,而微量营养素则按Fe>Mn>Zn>B>Cu的顺序。Int1、Int2和100kg/ha氮处理优化了氮利用效率。
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引用次数: 1
Genotyping and phenotyping of grape tomato hybrids aiming at possible genitors for breeding program 葡萄番茄杂交种的基因分型和表型分析,为育种计划寻找可能的遗传源
IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220401
T. G. Eisele, L. Constantino, R. M. Giacomin, D. Zeffa, Carlos HJ Suzuki, L. S. Gonçalves
ABSTRACT Grape and cherry mini tomatoes have been conquering Brazilian consumers due to their sweet taste, practicality of consumption, and versatility in culinary use. Therefore, the present work aimed to characterize ten grape tomato hybrids based on genetic diversity and physical and biochemical traits to provide information for the development of new genotypes focused on the appearance and enrichment of nutritional factors. The evaluated hybrids were Aiko, BRSIG, BRS Zamir, Carolina, Dolcetto, Dulce, Guaraci, Santa West, SCI-023 and Sweet Heaven. The experiment was conducted in 2019 in a greenhouse at the State University of Londrina, using a completely randomized design with four replications and six plants in each replication. The plants were grown following the practices recommended for cultivating tomatoes. The physical and biochemical characterization data were subjected to analysis of variance by the F test (p<0.05) and Scott & Knott means cluster test (p<0.05), and the molecular characterization data were subjected to analysis of principal coordinates (PCoA) and Bayesian clustering. Aiko presented the highest fruit mass and size as opposed to that observed on SCI-023, while BRSIG was the firmest fruit with the largest pericarp thickness. SCI-023, Dolcetto, and Sweet Heaven had higher sugar content. The soluble solids content ranged from 6.04 to 9.66 °Brix among the genotypes. Hybrids SCI-023, BRSIG, Sweet Heaven, BRS Zamir, and Dulce had the highest antioxidant activity levels. In the phenotypic characterization two groups were formed. The genotypic characterization showed seven groups in which high genetic similarity was verified among BRS Zamir, SCI-023, and Guaraci, as well as between Carolina and Dulce. The greatest dissimilarity was observed between Sweet Heaven and BRSIG. Both characterizations were useful to evaluate the aptitude of these genotypes as outstanding genitors for breeding programs for the Brazilian market.
摘要葡萄和樱桃迷你番茄因其甜味、食用实用性和烹饪用途的多样性而征服了巴西消费者。因此,本工作旨在根据遗传多样性和物理生化性状对10个葡萄番茄杂交种进行鉴定,为开发新的基因型提供信息,重点关注营养因子的出现和富集。评估的杂交种为Aiko、BRSIG、BRS Zamir、Carolina、Dolcetto、Dulce、Guaraci、Santa West、SCI-023和Sweet Heaven。该实验于2019年在龙德里纳州立大学的温室中进行,采用完全随机设计,四次复制,每次复制六株植物。这些植物是按照推荐的番茄种植方法种植的。物理和生物化学表征数据通过F检验进行方差分析(p<0.05)和Scott&Knott均值聚类检验(p<0.05),分子表征数据进行主坐标分析(PCoA)和贝叶斯聚类。与SCI-023上观察到的相比,Aiko的果实质量和大小最高,而BRSIG是果皮厚度最大的最结实的果实。SCI-023、Dolcetto和Sweet Heaven的含糖量较高。可溶性固形物含量在6.04至9.66°Brix之间。杂交种SCI-023、BRSIG、Sweet Heaven、BRS Zamir和Dulce的抗氧化活性水平最高。在表型表征中,形成了两组。基因型特征显示,在BRS Zamir、SCI-023和Guaraci以及Carolina和Dulce之间,有七个组的遗传相似性较高。甜蜜天堂和BRSIG之间的差异最大。这两个特征都有助于评估这些基因型作为巴西市场育种计划的杰出生殖器的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Green manure with fabaceous species in monoculture or intercropped with corn in the organic cultivation of pumpkin in succession 在南瓜有机栽培中,绿肥与豆科植物单作或与玉米间作
IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220410
J. M. Goulart, J. A. Espindola, J. G. Guerra, Janaína RC Rouws, Selenobaldo AC de Sant’Anna, E. Araújo
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate, in three consecutive cycles, the phytotechnical performance of herbaceous fabaceous plants cultivated in monocropping or intercropped with corn and the pumpkin productivity in succession. The statistical design was of randomized blocks in a factorial arrangement 2 (monocropping or intercropping) x 3 (fabaceous species) + 1 (corn monocropping). The treatments consisted of gray velvet bean monocropping; gray velvet bean intercropped with corn; sunn hemp monocropping; sunn hemp intercropped with corn; jack bean monocropping; jack bean intercropped with corn and corn monocropping. After cutting the fabaceous and corn, Itapuã 301 pumpkin cultivar was planted. The authors verified that fabaceous monocropping reached higher dry biomass productivities, especially sunn hemp in the first and second years and provided greater accumulation of N, P and K. In the first year, fabaceous pre-cropping, regardless of the arrangement, provided an increase in pumpkin productivity up to 165.87% higher comparing with corn pre-cropping, whereas in the second and third years, no pumpkin production associated with corn monocropping was observed. The three Fabaceae species showed potential to be used as green manure in pumpkin growing when compared with corn pre-cropping.
摘要本试验旨在评价连续3个周期玉米单作或间作栽培的草本豆科植物的植物技术性能和南瓜产量。统计设计采用随机分组的因子排列2(单作或间作)× 3(豆科植物)+ 1(玉米单作)。处理包括单作;玉米间作的灰色绒豆;晒麻单作;亚麻间作玉米;豆角单作;豆角间作玉米和玉米单作。将蚕豆和玉米切块后,种植Itapuã 301南瓜品种。结果表明,豆科单作在第1年和第2年取得了较高的干生物量生产力,特别是豆科单作,提供了更多的氮、磷、钾积累。与玉米单作相比,豆科单作在第1年和第2年的南瓜产量提高了165.87%,而在第2年和第3年,没有观察到与玉米单作相关的南瓜产量。与玉米预种植相比,3种豆科植物在南瓜生长中具有绿肥利用的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Growth, development and quality of gladiolus ‘White Goddess’: season, shade net, and mulching “白色女神”剑兰的生长发育和品质:季节、遮阳网和覆盖
IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220413
Dislaine Becker, D. Paulus, L. C. Bosco
ABSTRACT To reduce the risks associated with the production of gladiolus flowers in the climatic conditions of southwestern Paraná, Brazil, this study characterized the growth, development, and floral stem quality of plants cultivated under different-colored shade nets and mulching in four growing seasons. The gladiolus cultivar ‘White Goddess’ was grown in beds with and without mulching in the soil. Three shade nets individually stained black, silver and red all with 35% shading, were used in this study, and an additional treatment (control) in which plants were grown in full sun. Growth (LAI and height), development (cycle in days, and degree-days), and flower quality (size and stem damage) were evaluated in eight plants in each treatment. Plants were distributed in a randomized block design in a factorial scheme (season x mulching x shade screen). The cycle ranged from 66 to 89 days and 1732 to 1268°C day. The mean difference of the cycle between treatments was 3 days. Less floral stem damage happened under silver net and was more in full sun. The shading net associated with mulching favored the growth characteristics of the plants, and in autumn, the flowers had the highest quality standard.
摘要为了降低在巴西巴拉那西南部气候条件下生产唐菖蒲的风险,本研究对不同颜色遮荫网和覆盖下种植的植物在四个生长季节的生长、发育和花茎质量进行了表征。唐菖蒲品种“白色女神”是在土壤覆盖和不覆盖的床上种植的。本研究使用了三种分别染成黑色、银色和红色的遮荫网,遮荫率均为35%,并使用了一种额外的处理(对照),即植物在阳光充足的情况下生长。在每种处理中,对8株植物的生长(LAI和高度)、发育(周期天数和度数天数)和花朵质量(大小和茎损伤)进行了评估。植物以析因方案(季节x覆盖x遮荫)的随机区组设计进行分布。周期为66至89天,1732至1268°C天。两个处理之间的周期的平均差异为3天。银网下花茎损伤较少,阳光充足时花茎损伤较多。遮荫网覆盖有利于植物的生长特性,秋季花朵质量标准最高。
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引用次数: 0
Calcium and boron foliar application in the production and quality of sweet pepper seeds 钙和硼在甜椒种子生产和品质中的叶面施用
IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220404
A. Cardoso, L. F. Colombari, Gustavo F Silva, P. P. N. Chaves, Bianca B Nogueira, F. Putti
ABSTRACT Calcium and boron are important nutrients in pollen grain formation and seed production. As they are little mobile in plants, it is common to be supplied via foliar application. The objective of this research was to evaluate the production and quality of sweet pepper seeds with calcium and boron application directed to flowers and fruits. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with seven replications. Four treatments were evaluated: isolated calcium (0.2%) application, isolated boron (0.1%) application, combined application of calcium (0.2%) and boron (0.1%), and the control without calcium and without boron. The characteristics evaluated were number of pollen grains, number of seeds per fruit; 1000 seed weight; physiological quality of seeds (germination, first germination count, and germination speed index) and protein (albumin, globulin, prolamine and glutelin) contents in seeds. Both the application of calcium and boron did not affect the physiological quality of the seeds. Boron application reduced seed production and the 1000 seed weight, while calcium application increased the number of pollen grains, seed production and seed albumin content, and, therefore, the application of calcium in the production of sweet pepper seeds is recommended.
钙和硼是花粉粒形成和种子生产中的重要营养物质。由于它们在植物中几乎没有流动性,因此通常通过叶面施用来提供。本研究的目的是评估针对花和果实施用钙和硼的甜椒种子的生产和质量。实验设计是随机分组的,有七次重复。对四种处理进行了评估:单独施用钙(0.2%)、单独施用硼(0.1%)、钙和硼的联合施用(0.2%),以及不含钙和不含硼的对照。评价的特征是花粉粒数、每果种子数;1000粒种子重量;种子的生理质量(发芽率、首次发芽数和发芽速度指数)和蛋白质(白蛋白、球蛋白、脯氨酸和谷蛋白)含量。钙和硼的施用均不影响种子的生理品质。硼的施用降低了种子产量和1000粒种子的重量,而钙的施用增加了花粉粒的数量、种子产量和种子白蛋白含量,因此,建议在甜椒种子的生产中施用钙。
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引用次数: 0
Okra salt stress reduction under potassium fertigation 钾肥对秋葵盐胁迫的影响
IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220402
Jessilanne Plinia BM Costa, F. A. Oliveira, S. T. Santos, Mychelle KT Oliveira, Isabelly CS Marques, C. J. X. Cordeiro, Helena M Morais Neta Góis
ABSTRACT Potassium fertigation may be a strategy to reduce saline stress in okra. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of potassium supplementation as a salinity-attenuating agent in okra. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region, in Mossoró-RN, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, in 2x5 factorial scheme with 4 replicates. Two okra cultivars (Santa Cruz 47 and Valença) fertigated with five fertigation managements [F1= irrigation with non-saline water (0.55 dS/m) and fertigation with a standard dose of potassium (6 g/plant); F2= irrigation with saline water (3.5 dS/m) and fertigation with 6 g/plant of K, F3= irrigation with saline water (3.5 dS/m) and fertigation with 9 g/plant of K, F4= irrigation with saline water (3.5 dS/m) and fertigation with 12 g/plant of K, and F5= irrigation with saline water (3.5 dS/m) and fertigation with 15 g/plant of K]. Plants were collected 110 days after emergence and evaluated for growth variables (leaf number, leaf area, leaf dry mass, stem dry mass, total dry mass) and yield (fruit number, average fruit mass and fruit production). Potassium influenced the growth and yield characteristics of okra irrigated with saline water. The highest yields of fruits occurred at 9.56 and 10.23 g/plant of K, being 330.24 and 733.36 g/plant obtained from cultivars Santa Cruz 47 and Valença, respectively. Okra irrigated with saline water is more demanding in potassium.
钾肥可能是减轻秋葵盐胁迫的一种策略。本研究的目的是分析补充钾作为秋葵减盐剂的效果。这项实验是在巴西Mossoró-RN的半干旱地区联邦农村大学的温室里进行的。试验设计完全随机化,采用2 × 5因子方案,共4个重复。两个秋葵品种(Santa Cruz 47和valen a)采用五种施肥方法进行施肥[F1=用非盐水灌溉(0.55 dS/m)和用标准剂量的钾施肥(6 g/株);F2=盐水灌溉(3.5 dS/m) + 6g /株K施肥,F3=盐水灌溉(3.5 dS/m) + 9g /株K施肥,F4=盐水灌溉(3.5 dS/m) + 12g /株K施肥,F5=盐水灌溉(3.5 dS/m) + 15g /株K施肥。出芽后110 d采集植株,评估生长变量(叶数、叶面积、叶干质量、茎干质量、总干质量)和产量(果数、平均果质量和产量)。钾对咸水灌溉秋葵的生长和产量特性有影响。在9.56 g/株和10.23 g/株时,果实产量最高,分别为330.24 g/株和733.36 g/株。用盐水灌溉的秋葵对钾的要求更高。
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引用次数: 0
Growth and quality of chives in hydroponic system with concentrations of magnesium sulfate 高浓度硫酸镁水培系统中韭菜的生长和品质
IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220310
D. Paulus, Leonardo Barbieri, Ana Márcia de O Febraio, Dislaine Becker
ABSTRACT Chives are popular herbs, and highly appreciated by consumers. The experiment was conducted in the period from September to November 2020 in a greenhouse, located at the Federal University of Technology, Paraná, Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the growth, physiological responses, and quality attributes of chives grown in hydroponic systems containing different concentrations of magnesium sulfate. The experimental design was randomized blocks, and the treatments consisted of a standard solution with the addition of magnesium sulfate at the following doses (g/L): standard solution 0.4; 0.42, 0.44; 0.46, and 0.48, with four repetitions per treatment. The analyzed variables were physiological indicators and growth; physical-chemical characteristics and nutrient content in tissues. The dose of 0.48 g/L resulted in the highest number of leaves (47.3) and contributed to 44% reduction in leaf drop, thereby positively influencing growth with higher fresh mass (231.40 g/plant). The relative chlorophyll index (58.64) obtained at 0.48 g/L dose revealed an increase in the chlorophyll content and, consequently, in the green color of the plants, with °hue angle of 140.54. Greener leaves is a visual aspect preferred by consumers. In addition, the higher concentration of magnesium sulfate provided 50.7% increase in the content of soluble solids and 50.6% rise in phenolic compounds. The dose of 0.48 g/L magnesium sulfate contributed to reduced leaf fall, improved visual appearance, greater bioactive compounds, and enhanced leaf sweetness to meet the quality standards that consumers expect for this condiment.
摘要韭菜是深受消费者喜爱的中药材。该实验于2020年9月至11月在巴西巴拉那联邦理工大学的温室中进行。本研究旨在评估在含有不同浓度硫酸镁的水培系统中生长的韭菜的生长、生理反应和质量特性。实验设计是随机分组的,治疗包括添加硫酸镁的标准溶液,剂量(g/L)如下:标准溶液0.4;0.42、0.44;0.46和0.48,每次治疗重复四次。被分析的变量是生理指标和生长;组织中的物理化学特性和营养成分。0.48g/L的剂量导致最高的叶片数量(47.3),并有助于减少44%的叶片脱落,从而以更高的新鲜质量(231.40g/株)对生长产生积极影响。在0.48g/L剂量下获得的相对叶绿素指数(58.64)显示,叶绿素含量增加,因此植物的绿色增加,°色调角为140.54。绿叶是消费者喜欢的视觉方面。此外,较高浓度的硫酸镁使可溶性固体含量增加50.7%,酚类化合物增加50.6%。0.48 g/L的硫酸镁剂量有助于减少落叶,改善视觉外观,增加生物活性化合物,并提高叶子的甜度,以达到消费者对这种调味品的期望质量标准。
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引用次数: 1
Determining the harvest point of ‘Murupi’ peppers packed in plastic bags under cold storage 确定“Murupi”辣椒的收获点,将其包装在塑料袋中冷藏
IF 0.7 4区 农林科学 Q4 HORTICULTURE Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-20220306
Leandro Tbc Neves, D. M. D. Oliveira, Paulo Roberto R Rocha
ABSTRACT Peppers of the genus Capsicum are rich in antioxidants and considered to be an excellent source of compounds, which can bring benefits for human health, such as vitamin C and phenolic compounds. These compounds are influenced by the ripening stage of the fruits. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the ideal harvest point for ‘Murupi’ pepper fruits, targeting the consumer market, based on physical, chemical, and functional attributes. These attributes were evaluated during postharvest, being the fruits packed in low density polyethylene plastic film (LDPE) and submitted to cold storage (25±1°C and 95±3% U.R.) for 20 days. The treatments consisted of three different fruit maturation stages at harvest time (fruit peel color: green, partially red and totally red). The authors analyzed the vitamin C, total and soluble fibers, ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity), DPPH (2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), total and reducing sugars, total phenolics, carotenoids, capsaicin and anthocyanins. The fruits harvested in immature stage (green) showed the highest values of vitamin C, total phenolics and, capsaicin contents, and also the highest averages of fruit antioxidant activity. The use of 0.10 mm-thick LDPE packages showed to be effective in delaying the maturation of pepper fruits in relation to sensory attributes, especially in terms of total fiber contents, being also observed, in this case, better maintenance of vitamin C and capsaicin contents, phenolic compounds and the highest antioxidant activity.
摘要辣椒属辣椒富含抗氧化剂,是维生素C和酚类化合物等有益于人体健康的化合物的良好来源。这些化合物受到果实成熟阶段的影响。因此,本研究的目的是根据物理、化学和功能特性,确定“Murupi”辣椒果实的理想收获点,以消费市场为目标。这些特性在采后进行了评估,即用低密度聚乙烯塑料薄膜(LDPE)包装并冷藏(25±1°C和95±3%U.R.)20天的水果。在收获时,处理包括三个不同的果实成熟阶段(果皮颜色:绿色、部分红色和完全红色)。作者分析了维生素C、总纤维和可溶性纤维、ORAC(氧自由基吸收能力)、DPPH(2.2二苯基-1-丙酰肼)、总糖和还原糖、总酚类、类胡萝卜素、辣椒素和花青素。未成熟期收获的果实(绿色)的维生素C、总酚和辣椒素含量最高,果实抗氧化活性平均值也最高。0.10mm厚的LDPE包装的使用表明,在感官属性方面,特别是在总纤维含量方面,可以有效地延缓辣椒果实的成熟,在这种情况下,还可以观察到更好地保持维生素C和辣椒素含量、酚类化合物和最高的抗氧化活性。
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Horticultura Brasileira
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