Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e274810
J. Kawakami, Vlandiney Eschemback, Cinthia K de Matos, P. Melo
ABSTRACT A previous study revealed that modern potato cultivars used in Brazil have higher commercial tuber yield than old cultivars. The objective of the present study was to clarify which morphological characters influence the yield gain of modern cultivars. Two field experiments were performed in Brazil: in Guarapuava-PR and Brasilia-DF. The treatments consisted of six cultivars, classified according to origin and year of release: Bintje (European, 1910), Baronesa (Brazilian, 1955), Monalisa (European, 1982), Agata (European, 1990), Catucha (Brazilian, 1995) and BRS Clara (Brazilian, 2010). These were the main cultivars used in southern Brazil in the last 65 years and represent 100 years of breeding. A randomized complete block design with six treatments and four replications was used. The following plant morphological characters were evaluated at four growth stages (the beginning of plant development, the beginning of tuberization, maximum shoot growth and tuber bulking stages): leaf area index, specific leaf area, number of main stems, initiated and bulked tubers. At 15 days after emergence, modern cultivars have higher leaf area index and bulked tubers compared to older cultivars. Also, a larger number of mainstems and smaller specific leaf area were observed in modern cultivars. A high leaf area index at the beginning of the growing development combined with a large number of bulked tubers contributed to the increase of the yield potential of modern cultivars.
{"title":"Morphological characters contributing to yield increase of potato cultivars in Brazil","authors":"J. Kawakami, Vlandiney Eschemback, Cinthia K de Matos, P. Melo","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e274810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e274810","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A previous study revealed that modern potato cultivars used in Brazil have higher commercial tuber yield than old cultivars. The objective of the present study was to clarify which morphological characters influence the yield gain of modern cultivars. Two field experiments were performed in Brazil: in Guarapuava-PR and Brasilia-DF. The treatments consisted of six cultivars, classified according to origin and year of release: Bintje (European, 1910), Baronesa (Brazilian, 1955), Monalisa (European, 1982), Agata (European, 1990), Catucha (Brazilian, 1995) and BRS Clara (Brazilian, 2010). These were the main cultivars used in southern Brazil in the last 65 years and represent 100 years of breeding. A randomized complete block design with six treatments and four replications was used. The following plant morphological characters were evaluated at four growth stages (the beginning of plant development, the beginning of tuberization, maximum shoot growth and tuber bulking stages): leaf area index, specific leaf area, number of main stems, initiated and bulked tubers. At 15 days after emergence, modern cultivars have higher leaf area index and bulked tubers compared to older cultivars. Also, a larger number of mainstems and smaller specific leaf area were observed in modern cultivars. A high leaf area index at the beginning of the growing development combined with a large number of bulked tubers contributed to the increase of the yield potential of modern cultivars.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2609
J. B. D. Souza Júnior, J. G. Guerra, J. M. Goulart, L. A. D. Silva, J. A. Espindola, E. Araújo
ABSTRACT This work aimed to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of fermented composts formulated with brewery waste (RC) with castor bean bran (FM) or Gliricidia sepium leaf bran (FG) in the fertilization of butterhead lettuce and green leaf lettuce grown in succession. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a 2x5 factorial scheme, consisting of two fermented composts and five N doses (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 kg/ha). The composts were formulated by combining 60 RC+40 FM and 60 RC+40 FG considering the % of dry matter after moisture correction. We verified that the phytotechnical performance of the butterhead lettuce, in relation to fertilization, is influenced by the applied dose; no difference regarding the composts was noticed, though. The doses of 272.2 and 248.71 kg/ha of N enabled the maximum yield of 78.01 and 87.79 t/ha, respectively, 60 RC+40 FM and 60 RC+40 FG. The fermented compost containing FM, in the range of the stipulated doses, showed a residual effect on the main phytotechnical traits of the green leaf lettuce, and the magnitude of the effect is directly proportional to the dose applied in the previous crop.
{"title":"Agronomic efficiency of fermented composts in organic fertilization management of butterhead lettuce and green leaf lettuce","authors":"J. B. D. Souza Júnior, J. G. Guerra, J. M. Goulart, L. A. D. Silva, J. A. Espindola, E. Araújo","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2609","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This work aimed to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of fermented composts formulated with brewery waste (RC) with castor bean bran (FM) or Gliricidia sepium leaf bran (FG) in the fertilization of butterhead lettuce and green leaf lettuce grown in succession. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a 2x5 factorial scheme, consisting of two fermented composts and five N doses (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 kg/ha). The composts were formulated by combining 60 RC+40 FM and 60 RC+40 FG considering the % of dry matter after moisture correction. We verified that the phytotechnical performance of the butterhead lettuce, in relation to fertilization, is influenced by the applied dose; no difference regarding the composts was noticed, though. The doses of 272.2 and 248.71 kg/ha of N enabled the maximum yield of 78.01 and 87.79 t/ha, respectively, 60 RC+40 FM and 60 RC+40 FG. The fermented compost containing FM, in the range of the stipulated doses, showed a residual effect on the main phytotechnical traits of the green leaf lettuce, and the magnitude of the effect is directly proportional to the dose applied in the previous crop.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2622
Valdemir Antonio Peressin, J. C. Feltran, A. B. Rós, L. Bernacci, F. A. Piotto, T. L. Factor, Sebastião de Lima Junior, E. G. Fabri
ABSTRACT The sweet potato cultivar ‘IAC 134 AL01’ has tuberous roots with high β-carotene content, with the fresh pulp having an intermediate orange colour (based on international descriptors for the crop), which turns bright orange after cooking, and a mildly sweet taste. These roots have a long-irregular shape, red skin and are of medium size, weighing, on average, 300 g and measuring 14 x 6 cm. The first biofortified sweet potato cultivar of the Campinas Agronomic Institute reaches an average yield of 43.9 t/ha and is recommended for planting in the state of São Paulo to supply the domestic market and for export.
红薯品种IAC 134 AL01具有块茎状根系，β-胡萝卜素含量高，新鲜果肉呈中等橙色(基于该作物的国际描述语)，蒸煮后呈亮橙色，口感微甜。这些根长而不规则，外皮红色，中等大小，平均重300克，长14 x 6厘米。坎皮纳斯农学研究所的第一个生物强化甘薯品种平均产量达到43.9吨/公顷，建议在圣保罗州种植，以供应国内市场和出口。
{"title":"Flavor and color: ‘IAC 134 AL01’, the Campinas Agronomic Institute’s first orange-colored pulp sweet potato cultivar","authors":"Valdemir Antonio Peressin, J. C. Feltran, A. B. Rós, L. Bernacci, F. A. Piotto, T. L. Factor, Sebastião de Lima Junior, E. G. Fabri","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2622","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The sweet potato cultivar ‘IAC 134 AL01’ has tuberous roots with high β-carotene content, with the fresh pulp having an intermediate orange colour (based on international descriptors for the crop), which turns bright orange after cooking, and a mildly sweet taste. These roots have a long-irregular shape, red skin and are of medium size, weighing, on average, 300 g and measuring 14 x 6 cm. The first biofortified sweet potato cultivar of the Campinas Agronomic Institute reaches an average yield of 43.9 t/ha and is recommended for planting in the state of São Paulo to supply the domestic market and for export.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-11DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2550
G. F. Alves, J. Torres, H. C. D. O. Charlo, Valdeci Orioli Júnior, A. Loss, A. C. Barreto
ABSTRACT No-till planting and the use of organomineral fertilizers are crop management practices that increase soil organic matter, thereby mitigating leaching and cycling a considerable amount of nutrients, with the potential to improve crop yield. This study aimed to assess the agronomic performance of cabbage grown under a no-till system, using different cover crops and phosphorus sources. A randomized block design was used, with the main plot consisting of eight split plots for different cover crop treatments: 1) Signal grass (SG); 2) Sunn hemp (SH); 3) Pearl millet (PM); 4) SG+SH; 5) SG+PM; 6) SH+PM; 7) SG+SH+PM; 8) conventional tillage (soil preparation with no cover crop), and phosphorus (P) sources in the sub-plots: 1) mineral fertilizer (FM); 2) organomineral fertilizer (OF); 3) no P, with four repetitions. The following characteristics were assessed: cover crop fresh (FW) and dry weight (DW) (t/ha), residue decomposition and nutrient cycling; and cabbage head FW and DW (HFW and HDW) (g/plant) and yield (YLD) (t/ha). The highest FW and DW were recorded in the intercropped cover plant treatments; PM+SH and SG+SH residue exhibited the highest decomposition rate and P cycling into the soil. The highest cabbage HFW and YLD occurred in the SG+SH treatment, regardless of the fertilizer used. The MF used as P source produced a greater cabbage YLD when grown in PM residue. Under conventional tillage, YLD was higher when OF was used as P source.
免耕种植和使用有机有机肥是增加土壤有机质的作物管理方法，从而减轻了大量养分的淋失和循环，具有提高作物产量的潜力。本研究旨在评价不同覆盖作物和不同磷源的免耕制度下白菜的农艺性能。采用随机区组设计，主区由8个不同覆盖作物处理的分割区组成:1)信号草(SG);2)麻风(SH);3)珍珠粟(PM)4) SG + SH;5) SG +点;6) SH +点;7) SG + SH +点;8)常规耕作(无覆盖作物整地)，分畦磷素来源:1)矿肥(FM);2)有机肥(OF);3)不P，重复四次。评估了覆盖作物鲜重(FW)和干重(DW) (t/ha)、残茬分解和养分循环;白菜头FW和DW (HFW和HDW) (g/株)和产量(YLD) (t/ha)。间作覆被处理的FW和DW最高;PM+SH和SG+SH的分解速率和磷循环速率最高。无论施用何种肥料，SG+SH处理的白菜HFW和YLD均最高。作为磷源的MF在PM残渣中生长时产生较大的YLD。在常规耕作条件下，以有机肥为磷素源的土壤亩产量较高。
{"title":"No-till cabbage production in different cover crops and phosphorus sources in the Brazilian Cerrado","authors":"G. F. Alves, J. Torres, H. C. D. O. Charlo, Valdeci Orioli Júnior, A. Loss, A. C. Barreto","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2550","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT No-till planting and the use of organomineral fertilizers are crop management practices that increase soil organic matter, thereby mitigating leaching and cycling a considerable amount of nutrients, with the potential to improve crop yield. This study aimed to assess the agronomic performance of cabbage grown under a no-till system, using different cover crops and phosphorus sources. A randomized block design was used, with the main plot consisting of eight split plots for different cover crop treatments: 1) Signal grass (SG); 2) Sunn hemp (SH); 3) Pearl millet (PM); 4) SG+SH; 5) SG+PM; 6) SH+PM; 7) SG+SH+PM; 8) conventional tillage (soil preparation with no cover crop), and phosphorus (P) sources in the sub-plots: 1) mineral fertilizer (FM); 2) organomineral fertilizer (OF); 3) no P, with four repetitions. The following characteristics were assessed: cover crop fresh (FW) and dry weight (DW) (t/ha), residue decomposition and nutrient cycling; and cabbage head FW and DW (HFW and HDW) (g/plant) and yield (YLD) (t/ha). The highest FW and DW were recorded in the intercropped cover plant treatments; PM+SH and SG+SH residue exhibited the highest decomposition rate and P cycling into the soil. The highest cabbage HFW and YLD occurred in the SG+SH treatment, regardless of the fertilizer used. The MF used as P source produced a greater cabbage YLD when grown in PM residue. Under conventional tillage, YLD was higher when OF was used as P source.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-11DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2553
Agnaldo DF de Carvalho, G. Silva, Samuel F Guedes, Ester de C Pereira, Guilherme P Martins, C. Magalhães
ABSTRACT In Brazil, carrots are usually grown in beds 30 cm heigh and 1 to 1.8 width. Although widely used, these beds present problems regarding cultural practices and disease management, especially in spring/summer seeding. The aim of this study was to compare the agronomic performance of carrot cultivars in summer cultivation in bed and ridge. Ten carrot cultivars were evaluated in two experiments in strips (bed and ridge), in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Seeds were sown on November 23, 2021, in Brasília-DF. At 90 days, evaluation of foliar diseases was performed, and at 100 days, evaluation of characteristics related to root yield was carried out. Total production was higher in bed, but there was no difference for commercial production in the two cultivation methods. The ridge favored root development, providing a greater mean root mass. Cultivation in ridge did not reduce the incidence of foliar diseases in carrots, but proved to be an alternative for commercial production of summer carrots.
{"title":"Evaluation of summer carrot cultivars in bed and ridge systems","authors":"Agnaldo DF de Carvalho, G. Silva, Samuel F Guedes, Ester de C Pereira, Guilherme P Martins, C. Magalhães","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2553","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In Brazil, carrots are usually grown in beds 30 cm heigh and 1 to 1.8 width. Although widely used, these beds present problems regarding cultural practices and disease management, especially in spring/summer seeding. The aim of this study was to compare the agronomic performance of carrot cultivars in summer cultivation in bed and ridge. Ten carrot cultivars were evaluated in two experiments in strips (bed and ridge), in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Seeds were sown on November 23, 2021, in Brasília-DF. At 90 days, evaluation of foliar diseases was performed, and at 100 days, evaluation of characteristics related to root yield was carried out. Total production was higher in bed, but there was no difference for commercial production in the two cultivation methods. The ridge favored root development, providing a greater mean root mass. Cultivation in ridge did not reduce the incidence of foliar diseases in carrots, but proved to be an alternative for commercial production of summer carrots.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"307 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-11DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2563
J. S. Pinzetta Junior, Claudia FM Mattiuz, Thaís A Sillmann, Bene Mauricio Baglioni Junior, Carlos Inestroza-Lizardo, B. Mattiuz
ABSTRACT Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) is one of the most important and popular cut flowers for the ornamental industry. However, it has a short decorative life, being water loss one of the main challenges. Water loss leads the petals to wither with a consequent loss of its commercial value. One of the techniques used in postharvest technology is the use of coatings and films, which interfere in gas exchange and water loss, maintaining the quality of cut flowers. The current study investigated the effects of a natural coating based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) at 5% and beeswax (BW) in cut carnation flower cv. Delphi stored at 20°C and 70% RH. The application of HPMC + 40% BW treatment in flowers resulted in 30% higher fresh weight, 17% higher relative water content (RWC) and 80% higher flower opening compared to untreated flowers. The shelf life of untreated and HPMC + 40% BW carnations was 7 and 12 days, respectively, allowing a shelf-life extension of up to five days.
{"title":"Application of natural coating improves the conservation of cut carnation flower","authors":"J. S. Pinzetta Junior, Claudia FM Mattiuz, Thaís A Sillmann, Bene Mauricio Baglioni Junior, Carlos Inestroza-Lizardo, B. Mattiuz","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2563","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus) is one of the most important and popular cut flowers for the ornamental industry. However, it has a short decorative life, being water loss one of the main challenges. Water loss leads the petals to wither with a consequent loss of its commercial value. One of the techniques used in postharvest technology is the use of coatings and films, which interfere in gas exchange and water loss, maintaining the quality of cut flowers. The current study investigated the effects of a natural coating based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) at 5% and beeswax (BW) in cut carnation flower cv. Delphi stored at 20°C and 70% RH. The application of HPMC + 40% BW treatment in flowers resulted in 30% higher fresh weight, 17% higher relative water content (RWC) and 80% higher flower opening compared to untreated flowers. The shelf life of untreated and HPMC + 40% BW carnations was 7 and 12 days, respectively, allowing a shelf-life extension of up to five days.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-11DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2599
José Sávio M Vieira Filho, J. G. Guerra, J. M. Goulart, E. Araújo, J. A. Espindola, Janaína RC Rouws
ABSTRACT This work aimed to evaluate the phytotechnical performance of the succession involving pre-croppings of maize and Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean) or the intercropping of these species in the agroecological cultivation of broccoli in the presence and absence of fermented compost fertilization. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a factorial scheme 2 (maize monoculture or intercropped with velvet bean) x 2 (absence and presence of fermented compost fertilization) + 1 (velvet bean monoculture and without fertilization). After cutting the maize and velvet bean biomass, the broccoli seedlings were transplanted. In this stage, the design was in randomized blocks in a 3-factorial scheme (maize monoculture; maize intercropped with velvet bean; velvet bean monoculture) x 2 (presence and absence of fermented compost fertilization). The authors concluded that when the velvet bean was introduced into maize cultivation system no negatively interference was noticed concerning to phytotechnical components of baby corn, and it even allows an additional of 3.46 and 7.75 t/ha of fabaceous phytomass, respectively, in the first and second year. In the absence of fertilization, phytomasses of the intercroppings provided broccoli productivity of 12.87 t/ha, which represents an increase of 43.73% when compared to maize monoculture in the second year. An effect of fertilization with the fermented compost on broccoli cultivation under these study conditions was verified, providing a greater accumulation of N in the inflorescences in the first year and maximum productivity of 12.19 and 14.32 t/ha, respectively, first and second years.
{"title":"Management of green manure and organic fertilization with fermented compost fertilizer in agroecological cultivation of American broccoli","authors":"José Sávio M Vieira Filho, J. G. Guerra, J. M. Goulart, E. Araújo, J. A. Espindola, Janaína RC Rouws","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2599","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This work aimed to evaluate the phytotechnical performance of the succession involving pre-croppings of maize and Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean) or the intercropping of these species in the agroecological cultivation of broccoli in the presence and absence of fermented compost fertilization. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a factorial scheme 2 (maize monoculture or intercropped with velvet bean) x 2 (absence and presence of fermented compost fertilization) + 1 (velvet bean monoculture and without fertilization). After cutting the maize and velvet bean biomass, the broccoli seedlings were transplanted. In this stage, the design was in randomized blocks in a 3-factorial scheme (maize monoculture; maize intercropped with velvet bean; velvet bean monoculture) x 2 (presence and absence of fermented compost fertilization). The authors concluded that when the velvet bean was introduced into maize cultivation system no negatively interference was noticed concerning to phytotechnical components of baby corn, and it even allows an additional of 3.46 and 7.75 t/ha of fabaceous phytomass, respectively, in the first and second year. In the absence of fertilization, phytomasses of the intercroppings provided broccoli productivity of 12.87 t/ha, which represents an increase of 43.73% when compared to maize monoculture in the second year. An effect of fertilization with the fermented compost on broccoli cultivation under these study conditions was verified, providing a greater accumulation of N in the inflorescences in the first year and maximum productivity of 12.19 and 14.32 t/ha, respectively, first and second years.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-11DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2601
M. O. Cabral, F. D. Oliveira, G. S. Fialho, Joab LF Pedrosa, A. G. Teixeira, L. Dalvi
ABSTRACT The planting of unconventional vegetables has increased in Brazil. This is mainly due to the demand of nutritionally rich foods grown in sustainable crops. In this scenario, ora-pro-nobis stands out, as, although being part of the meal of large part of the Brazilian population, it has been cultivated despite the lack of scientific knowledge. Thus, this study aimed to adjust a leaf area estimation model for ora-pro-nobis, using the measurements of the leaves. For the model adjustment and validation, 4000 leaves were collected in four different genotypes, being 1000 in each of them. The regression models were adjusted using 2000 independent and random observations, using 500 leaves per genotype. Thus, the observed leaf area was studied as a linear function of the dimensions of the leaf blade: length (L), width (W) and product (LW). The remaining 2000 observations, also 500 per separate genotype, were used only in the statistical validation study. The adjusted allometric model based on the product (LW) proved to be precise and accurate for estimating the leaf area of ora-pro-nobis, being applicable to any of the four genotypes analyzed regardless of the leaf size: L A ^ L W = 0.9294 + 0.6815 x L W.
非传统蔬菜的种植在巴西有所增加。这主要是由于对可持续作物中生长的营养丰富的食物的需求。在这种情况下，ora-pro-nobis脱颖而出，因为尽管它是大部分巴西人膳食的一部分，但它在缺乏科学知识的情况下仍被种植。因此，本研究旨在利用叶片的测量值来调整ora-pro-nobis的叶面积估算模型。为了进行模型调整和验证，收集了4个不同基因型的4000片叶片，每个基因型1000片。利用每个基因型500片叶片的2000个独立随机观测值对回归模型进行校正。因此，观察到的叶面积被研究为叶片尺寸的线性函数:长度(L)，宽度(W)和积(LW)。剩下的2000个观察结果，每个单独的基因型也有500个，仅用于统计验证研究。结果表明，基于积(LW)的调整异速生长模型准确准确地估计了ora-亲nobis的叶面积，适用于分析的四种基因型中的任何一种，无论叶片大小:la ^ LW = 0.9294 + 0.6815 x LW。
{"title":"Allometric model for estimating leaf area of ora-pro-nobis genotypes","authors":"M. O. Cabral, F. D. Oliveira, G. S. Fialho, Joab LF Pedrosa, A. G. Teixeira, L. Dalvi","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2601","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The planting of unconventional vegetables has increased in Brazil. This is mainly due to the demand of nutritionally rich foods grown in sustainable crops. In this scenario, ora-pro-nobis stands out, as, although being part of the meal of large part of the Brazilian population, it has been cultivated despite the lack of scientific knowledge. Thus, this study aimed to adjust a leaf area estimation model for ora-pro-nobis, using the measurements of the leaves. For the model adjustment and validation, 4000 leaves were collected in four different genotypes, being 1000 in each of them. The regression models were adjusted using 2000 independent and random observations, using 500 leaves per genotype. Thus, the observed leaf area was studied as a linear function of the dimensions of the leaf blade: length (L), width (W) and product (LW). The remaining 2000 observations, also 500 per separate genotype, were used only in the statistical validation study. The adjusted allometric model based on the product (LW) proved to be precise and accurate for estimating the leaf area of ora-pro-nobis, being applicable to any of the four genotypes analyzed regardless of the leaf size: L A ^ L W = 0.9294 + 0.6815 x L W.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2503
L. C. D. Santos, Idelvan José da Silva, Arthur Vinicius D dos Santos, E. P. D. R. Sousa, Agda MF de Oliveira, V. Sousa, Albert EM de M Teodosio, E. A. Onias, Railene Hcr Araújo
ABSTRACT Tomato fruits are highly perishable. In this sense, adopting techniques to maintain and extend its shelf life is essential. Recent studies have used microalgae as an edible coating for fruit, as it is a nutrient-rich alternative and reduces fruit mass loss and respiration, delaying senescence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of microalgae-based coatings with or without the use of modified atmosphere packaging, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), in post-harvest tomato conservation. The design used was completely randomized, in a 4x2 factorial arrangement, with four coatings (no coating, coating composed of Spirulina platensis sp., Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp.) and two conditions (with and without PVC), totalizing 8 treatments, with four replicates, consisting of one fruit each. Stored for 7 days at 10±2ºC and 55±5% UR and evaluated at harvest and on the last day of storage. The fruits coated with Chlorella sp. without PVC and Scenedesmus sp. associated with PVC, showed the lowest mass losses, representing a reduction of 73.79% and 78.47%, respectively, in relation to the control. In addition to mass loss, the levels of ascorbic acid (18.91 and 16.97 mg/100 g), citric acid (4.02 and 4.01), respectively, and the SS/AT ratio also stood out. The microalgae Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. can be used in coating ‘Santa Clara’ tomato fruits to maintain their physicochemical characteristics over 7 days of storage. The use of PVC film coating helped maintain these characteristics, reducing the perishability of the fruits.
{"title":"Edible coating with microalgae and modified atmosphere packaging for post-harvest conservation of tomatoes","authors":"L. C. D. Santos, Idelvan José da Silva, Arthur Vinicius D dos Santos, E. P. D. R. Sousa, Agda MF de Oliveira, V. Sousa, Albert EM de M Teodosio, E. A. Onias, Railene Hcr Araújo","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2503","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tomato fruits are highly perishable. In this sense, adopting techniques to maintain and extend its shelf life is essential. Recent studies have used microalgae as an edible coating for fruit, as it is a nutrient-rich alternative and reduces fruit mass loss and respiration, delaying senescence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of microalgae-based coatings with or without the use of modified atmosphere packaging, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), in post-harvest tomato conservation. The design used was completely randomized, in a 4x2 factorial arrangement, with four coatings (no coating, coating composed of Spirulina platensis sp., Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp.) and two conditions (with and without PVC), totalizing 8 treatments, with four replicates, consisting of one fruit each. Stored for 7 days at 10±2ºC and 55±5% UR and evaluated at harvest and on the last day of storage. The fruits coated with Chlorella sp. without PVC and Scenedesmus sp. associated with PVC, showed the lowest mass losses, representing a reduction of 73.79% and 78.47%, respectively, in relation to the control. In addition to mass loss, the levels of ascorbic acid (18.91 and 16.97 mg/100 g), citric acid (4.02 and 4.01), respectively, and the SS/AT ratio also stood out. The microalgae Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp. can be used in coating ‘Santa Clara’ tomato fruits to maintain their physicochemical characteristics over 7 days of storage. The use of PVC film coating helped maintain these characteristics, reducing the perishability of the fruits.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2566
N. Riva, D. F. Biffe, Daniel Nalin, R. Mendes, L. A. Ferreira, V. Silva, J. Constantin
ABSTRACT The knowledge of the adequate period for the beginning of weed management in lettuce crop can increase the efficiency of production, reducing the costs with management. The aim of this study was to determine the pre-interference period (PIP), the critical time for weed removal (CTWR) and the critical period of weed control (CPWC) in three lettuce cultivars, Elisa, Lucy Brown and Solaris. Coexistence and the absence of weeds were evaluated for each cultivar. The design was in randomized blocks with seven treatments (0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days after transplanting - DAT) of coexistence and the same seven periods of weed absence with four replicates in each experiment. The highest infestation densities were with the species Oxalis latifolia, Coronopus didymus and Amaranthus hybridus. The leaf area and number of leaves per plant were reduced by up to 50% and 66%, respectively, in relation to the longest period of coexistence with weeds and yield reduced by 48% (Elisa), 40% (Lucy Brown) and 33% (Solaris). The cultivar Solaris showed greater tolerance to weed interference. Based on yield, PIP was 1, 3 and 3 DAT and CTWR was 37, 37 and 35 DAT, and CPWC was 2 to 37, 3 to 37 and 3 to 35 for the cultivars Elisa, Lucy Brown and Solaris, respectively.
{"title":"Weed interference periods in lettuce crop","authors":"N. Riva, D. F. Biffe, Daniel Nalin, R. Mendes, L. A. Ferreira, V. Silva, J. Constantin","doi":"10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-2023-e2566","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The knowledge of the adequate period for the beginning of weed management in lettuce crop can increase the efficiency of production, reducing the costs with management. The aim of this study was to determine the pre-interference period (PIP), the critical time for weed removal (CTWR) and the critical period of weed control (CPWC) in three lettuce cultivars, Elisa, Lucy Brown and Solaris. Coexistence and the absence of weeds were evaluated for each cultivar. The design was in randomized blocks with seven treatments (0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days after transplanting - DAT) of coexistence and the same seven periods of weed absence with four replicates in each experiment. The highest infestation densities were with the species Oxalis latifolia, Coronopus didymus and Amaranthus hybridus. The leaf area and number of leaves per plant were reduced by up to 50% and 66%, respectively, in relation to the longest period of coexistence with weeds and yield reduced by 48% (Elisa), 40% (Lucy Brown) and 33% (Solaris). The cultivar Solaris showed greater tolerance to weed interference. Based on yield, PIP was 1, 3 and 3 DAT and CTWR was 37, 37 and 35 DAT, and CPWC was 2 to 37, 3 to 37 and 3 to 35 for the cultivars Elisa, Lucy Brown and Solaris, respectively.","PeriodicalId":56307,"journal":{"name":"Horticultura Brasileira","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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