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Violence, Affect, and Time-Based Media in Mexico, 2010–2019 墨西哥暴力、情感和基于时间的媒体,2010-2019
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/13569325.2022.2128729
Laura Podalsky
This essay examines what affect studies can contribute to the analysis of violence and audiovisual media in twenty-first-century Mexico, paying particular attention to the temporal nature of violence and of time-based media. Does the photo of a dead child and her father on the Mexico-US border, as seen on the front page of a newspaper, allow viewers to perceive the slow violence of neoliberal economies and contemporary immigration policies? Or does it merely encourage shallow cries of pity? Given today’s saturated and vertiginously paced mediascape, do feature films have any role to play in encouraging audiences to viscerally recognise the duration and weight of state repression? In order to adequately analyse the complex sensorial dynamics of audiovisual media, this essay begins by proposing a tripartite conceptual framework that recognises multiple and inter-related forms of violence, overlaid audiovisual economies, and the contemporary scopic regime. The essay then deploys this framework in a comparison of the sensorial engagements of two recent films: Desierto (Jonas Cuarón, 2015) and Ayotzinapa, el paso de la tortuga (Enrique García Meza, 2017).
本文探讨了影响研究对21世纪墨西哥暴力和视听媒体分析的贡献,特别关注暴力和基于时间的媒体的时间性质。报纸头版上那张在美墨边境上死去的孩子和她父亲的照片,是否让观众看到了新自由主义经济和当代移民政策的缓慢暴力?或者它只是鼓励了肤浅的怜悯之声?考虑到今天饱和和节奏令人眩晕的媒体环境,故事片在鼓励观众发自内心地认识到国家镇压的持续时间和重要性方面有什么作用吗?为了充分分析视听媒体的复杂感官动态,本文首先提出了一个三方概念框架,该框架承认多种相互关联的暴力形式、叠加的视听经济和当代视野制度。然后,本文将这一框架用于比较最近两部电影的感官参与:《欲望》(Jonas Cuarón, 2015)和《阿约齐纳帕,el paso de la tortuga》(Enrique García Meza, 2017)。
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引用次数: 0
Contesting the Neoliberal City: Place-Based Activism in the Documentary Films of Barrio Anti-Gentrification Movements in Bogotá and Mexico City 争夺新自由主义城市:波哥大和墨西哥城巴里奥反绅士化运动纪录片中的地方激进主义
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/13569325.2022.2138700
K. Anson
This study explores how barrio social movements in Bogotá and Mexico City fight gentrification by making everyday life visible in films. An analysis of two communally produced documentary videos examines how the portrayal of stories that detail people’s affective ties to places targets the pillars of neoliberalism – that is, the reduction of human relations to market exchanges and the prevalence of private property over collective rights. After some background on the urban areas at stake, I study how the films foreground processes of place-making by portraying everyday family and communal work routines and explain how these depictions not only humanise space, in opposition to the abstract understanding of space to which urban plans aspire, but also allow residents to claim the neighbourhoods as collective property. The analysis demonstrates that by making everydayness visible, grassroots organisations position themselves as place-makers, creating a local culture capable of countering the discourses through which neoliberalism justifies the necessity of urban renewal.
本研究探讨波哥大和墨西哥城的贫民区社会运动如何通过在电影中展现日常生活来对抗士绅化。通过对两部由社区制作的纪录片的分析,我们可以发现,这些描述人们与地方的情感联系的故事,是如何瞄准新自由主义的支柱的——也就是说,将人际关系减少到市场交换,以及将私有财产置于集体权利之上。在对城市地区进行了一些背景研究之后,我研究了电影如何通过描绘日常家庭和公共工作惯例来突出场所制造的过程,并解释了这些描绘如何不仅使空间人性化,与城市规划所渴望的对空间的抽象理解相反,而且还允许居民将社区作为集体财产。分析表明,通过使日常可见,基层组织将自己定位为场所制造者,创造一种能够对抗新自由主义为城市更新必要性辩护的话语的地方文化。
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引用次数: 0
The Politics of Detachment and Disruptive Tourism in Las cosas como son (Fernando Lavanderos, 2012) 疏离政治与Las cosas como son的破坏性旅游(Fernando Lavanderos, 2012)
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/13569325.2022.2128728
Nadia Lie
Detachment has become a key notion for the study of contemporary Latin American cinema. This article examines how detachment is related to tourism and how it refigures the political in Las cosas como son (2012), a film by Fernando Lavanderos, who is considered representative of a new generation of Chilean directors. By drawing on recent insights from tourism studies, the close reading highlights tourism’s disruptive potential with respect to disaffection in a host–guest relationship. It then relates this “disrupted disaffection” to the film’s ending, arguing that detachment can be conceived of as “unsentimentality” – a notion bridging the apparent gap between an aesthetics of detachment and the political sphere.
超然已成为当代拉丁美洲电影研究的一个关键概念。本文探讨了超然是如何与旅游业联系在一起的,以及它是如何在Fernando Lavanderos的电影《Las cosas como son》(2012)中重新塑造政治的。Fernando Lavanderos被认为是智利新一代导演的代表。通过借鉴旅游业研究的最新见解,这篇细读文章强调了旅游业对主客关系中不满情绪的破坏性潜力。然后,它将这种“被扰乱的不满”与电影的结局联系起来,认为超然可以被理解为“不多愁善感”——一个弥合超然美学与政治领域之间明显差距的概念。
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引用次数: 0
Common Horizons: An Interview with Maristella Svampa 共同的视野:采访玛丽丝特拉·斯万帕
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/13569325.2022.2122787
J. Sequeira
In this interview, Maristella Svampa discusses the themes of her most well-known book, Debates latinoamericanos, originally published in 2016 and now a modern classic in Latin America. She also talks about some of the directions her more recent work has taken. A central theme that emerges is the importance of finding meaningful forms of living in community with other people and with nature, in an age centred on individual success and corporate activities. She is concerned with writing the intellectual history of a specifically Latin American tradition while also connecting it to broader global concerns, such as climate change. Svampa is interested in blurring the lines between academic and artistic work, with poetry, music, and the visual arts valued as forms of knowledge that incorporate both sensual and intellectual elements, capable of reflecting new challenges while creating spaces for change.
在这次采访中,玛丽斯特拉·斯万帕讨论了她最著名的书《辩论拉丁美洲人》的主题,这本书最初出版于2016年,现在是拉丁美洲的现代经典。她还谈到了她最近工作的一些方向。出现的一个中心主题是,在一个以个人成功和企业活动为中心的时代,与其他人和自然一起寻找有意义的社区生活形式的重要性。她关注的是撰写拉丁美洲传统的思想史,同时将其与气候变化等更广泛的全球问题联系起来。Svampa对模糊学术和艺术作品之间的界限感兴趣,诗歌、音乐和视觉艺术被认为是知识的形式,结合了感官和智力元素,能够反映新的挑战,同时创造变化的空间。
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引用次数: 0
Paradoxical Ideologies: An Intersectional View of Argentine Psychoanalytic Discourses on Gender and Sexuality (2005–2012) 悖论意识形态:阿根廷关于性别和性的心理分析话语的交叉视角(2005-2012)
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-07 DOI: 10.1080/13569325.2021.1971638
V. Garibotto
This article studies the Argentine psychoanalytic discourses surrounding the passing of the laws of marriage equality and gender identity between 2005 and 2012. During those years, psychoanalysts shared their expertise on LGBTQIA + issues in journals, newspapers, television and radio programmes, and at the National Congress. Their favourable opinions influenced several legislators and led to them voting in favour of the laws. In this article, I argue that these psychoanalytic discourses enabled paradoxical ideologies. While psychoanalytic concepts provided arguments in favour of passing the laws, they also paradoxically reinforced heteronormative, racist, classist, and urbanised views on gender and sexuality. Drawing from an intersectional perspective and from post-structuralist, feminist, and queer critiques to psychoanalysis, the article examines how these paradoxical ideologies emerge in newspaper articles and in journals and books published by psychoanalytic associations and aiming at a general audience.
本文研究了阿根廷围绕2005年至2012年间通过的婚姻平等和性别认同法律的精神分析话语。在那些年里,精神分析学家在期刊、报纸、电视和广播节目以及全国代表大会上分享了他们关于LGBTQIA +问题的专业知识。他们的有利意见影响了几位立法者,使他们投票赞成这些法律。在这篇文章中,我认为这些精神分析话语使矛盾的意识形态成为可能。虽然精神分析概念为支持通过法律提供了论据,但矛盾的是,它们也强化了异性恋规范、种族主义、阶级主义和城市化的性别和性观念。从交叉的角度出发,从后结构主义、女权主义和酷儿批评到精神分析,本文探讨了这些矛盾的意识形态是如何在精神分析协会出版的报纸文章、期刊和书籍中出现的,并以普通读者为目标。
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引用次数: 1
“Enraizados Da Letra”: Lyrics and the Letter in Brazilian, Cuban, and Haitian Rap “Enraizados Da Letra”:巴西,古巴和海地说唱的歌词和信件
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-07 DOI: 10.1080/13569325.2021.2017270
Charlie D. Hankin
Several scholars have outlined the Afro-diasporic connections and semiotic features common to global iterations of hip-hop. This article proposes that what connects rappers in Brazil, Cuba, and Haiti is a specific redefinition of rap as intermedial writing. Guided by ethnographic insights, I trace the recurrent figure of writing through a corpus of songs released by Brazilian, Cuban, and Haitian rappers between roughly 2000 and 2015. Bringing together multiple sites of inscription and pathways into repente improvisation, pixação writing, samba lyricism, jazz-writing, written poetry, and activism, these rappers provide new theoretical tools for understanding intermediality as well as contemporary Afro-diasporic literature, rereading hip-hop from the Global South through the particularities of their own languages and histories. I argue that their reception of hip-hop is not only the product of shared oral/aural traditions but also a response to the specific politics of literacy that have shaped Latin America.
一些学者概述了非洲散居的联系和嘻哈音乐全球迭代的共同符号特征。本文提出,将巴西、古巴和海地的饶舌歌手联系在一起的是对饶舌作为中间写作的具体重新定义。在民族志见解的指导下,我通过大约2000年至2015年间巴西、古巴和海地说唱歌手发布的歌曲语料库,追踪了写作的反复出现的身影。这些说唱歌手将多个铭文和途径汇集到忏悔即兴创作,pixa写作,桑巴抒情,爵士写作,书面诗歌和行动主义中,为理解中间性以及当代非洲流散文学提供了新的理论工具,通过他们自己的语言和历史的特殊性重新阅读来自全球南方的嘻哈。我认为他们对嘻哈的接受不仅是共同的口头/听觉传统的产物,也是对塑造拉丁美洲的特定文化政治的回应。
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引用次数: 0
Too Much a Woman: Narrating Transsexuality in Mario Mendoza’s Lady Masacre 太多的女人:在马里奥·门多萨的《大屠杀夫人》中叙述变性
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.1080/13569325.2022.2037533
M. Carosi
This article explores how Lady Masacre (Mario Mendoza, Colombia, 2013) constructs the narrative of a transsexual woman, Gabriela López, as a way to reinforce views on non-heteronormative life that perpetuate the dominant values expected from marginalised communities. In reading this novel, I argue that Mendoza reduces Gabriela to a pendular existence between being an autonomous woman and the femme fatal role that eventually defines her. In so doing, Lady Masacre humanises the men who take part in the reconstruction of her story while showing why Gabriela feels the need to pass as a cis woman. In this way, while the novel offers a glimpse into the contradictions of trans lives, desires, and challenges in contemporary Colombia, it also traps Gabriela within practices imposed by respectability politics.
本文探讨了《Masacre夫人》(马里奥·门多萨,哥伦比亚,2013年)如何构建变性女性加布里埃拉López的叙事,以此来强化人们对非异性恋生活的看法,从而延续边缘化社区所期望的主导价值观。在阅读这本小说时,我认为门多萨将加布里埃拉贬为一个摇摆不定的存在,介于一个自主的女性和最终定义她的致命女性角色之间。在这样做的过程中,Masacre夫人人性化了那些参与重建她的故事的男人,同时也展示了为什么Gabriela觉得有必要以顺性女性的身份通过。通过这种方式,小说在一瞥当代哥伦比亚跨性别生活的矛盾、欲望和挑战的同时,也将加布里埃拉困在了体面政治强加的实践中。
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引用次数: 0
Teaching “Aztec Classicism”: Early Modern Myths in the Twentieth-Century Classroom “阿兹特克古典主义”教学:20世纪课堂中的早期现代神话
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-02-09 DOI: 10.1080/13569325.2021.2020734
A. Thomas
History has long been regarded a vital tool for emergent nation-states and subsequent nationalist regimes in unifying disparate groups around a common historical memory. And nowhere can such a memory be more effectively instilled in a population than in its schools, where the textbook gives state-approved narratives an unimpeachable authority in children’s minds. This essay traces the canonisation of a colonial, Classicised narrative portraying pre-Columbian Anahuac as the Mexican national past through its monumentalisation in state-approved textbooks until well into the twentieth century. By focusing on mythical Greco-Roman representations of the Acolhua monarch Nezahualcoyotl that emerged shortly after the Spanish Conquest and were consolidated in the early years of Independence, I contend that the projection of Mexican identity in schoolbooks rests upon a fictionalised, unifying conception of history steeped in European Classicism but used as a strategy of identification against the European. In doing so, this essay opens up a reading of history textbooks as Mexican sites of memory: sites which reflect the lost Indigenous cultures of Mexico yet simultaneously offer an ingrained European reading of those very cultures.
长期以来,历史一直被视为新兴民族国家和随后的民族主义政权围绕共同的历史记忆团结不同群体的重要工具。没有什么地方能比学校更有效地向人们灌输这样的记忆了,在学校里,教科书赋予了国家批准的叙事在孩子们心目中无懈可击的权威。这篇文章追溯了殖民主义、古典主义叙事的经典化,将前哥伦布时代的阿纳瓦克描绘成墨西哥民族的过去,直到20世纪,它一直被国家批准的教科书所纪念。通过关注在西班牙征服后不久出现并在独立初期得到巩固的阿科华君主内扎瓦尔科约特尔的希腊罗马神话形象,我认为教科书中对墨西哥身份的投射是基于虚构的,欧洲古典主义的统一历史观,但被用作反对欧洲人的策略。在这样做的过程中,这篇文章开启了对历史教科书作为墨西哥记忆遗址的解读:这些遗址反映了墨西哥失落的土著文化,同时也提供了对这些文化根深蒂固的欧洲人解读。
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引用次数: 0
Reading Race in Rocks: Political Geology in Nineteenth-Century Mexico 岩石中的种族:19世纪墨西哥的政治地质学
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-24 DOI: 10.1080/13569325.2021.2007865
Jorge Quintana-Navarrete
This article explores the interplay of race, the underground, and geological science in nineteenth-century Mexico. The analysis focuses on visual and scientific accounts of the Cacahuamilpa Caves, a network of natural caves that became one of Mexico’s best-known natural wonders during the nineteenth century. Drawing insight from political geology, I argue that these accounts operationalise certain basic geological premises in order to naturalise racial hierarchies in a recently independent nation. In the first part I contend that Baron Gros’s visual depiction of the caves stages a stratigraphic relationship between an Indigenous substratum (possessing inert, extractable properties) and a White stratum (defined by the active, scientific extraction of underlying resources). The second part shows how the scientific accounts by Bárcena, García Cubas, and others mobilise geological knowledge with the aim of fashioning a teleological narrative in which Indigenous peoples are established as the link between past geological eras and the modern nation. Finally, the last part focuses on how these geological accounts actively exclude Indigenous understandings of the earth based on their alleged incapacity to acknowledge the geological distinction between life and nonlife.
本文探讨了19世纪墨西哥种族、地下科学和地质科学的相互作用。该分析的重点是对Cacahuamilpa洞穴的视觉和科学描述,这是一个由天然洞穴组成的网络,在19世纪成为墨西哥最著名的自然奇观之一。从政治地质学的角度来看,我认为这些叙述运用了某些基本的地质学前提,以便在一个最近独立的国家中自然化种族等级制度。在第一部分中,我认为格罗斯男爵对洞穴的视觉描绘描绘了土著底层(具有惰性、可提取特性)和白色地层(由对底层资源的积极、科学提取定义)之间的地层关系。第二部分展示了Bárcena、García Cubas和其他人的科学叙述如何调动地质知识,目的是形成一种目的论叙事,在这种叙事中,土著人民被确立为过去地质时代和现代国家之间的纽带。最后,最后一部分集中讨论了这些地质描述是如何积极排除土著人对地球的理解的,因为他们声称没有能力承认生命和非生命之间的地质区别。
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引用次数: 1
Reflections on Peru During the Bicentennial Elections 对秘鲁二百周年选举的思考
IF 0.3 4区 社会学 Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-01-13 DOI: 10.1080/13569325.2021.2006616
Claudia A. Arteaga
This dispatch examines the dynamics at play in Peru’s recent presidential elections.
这篇报道考察了秘鲁最近总统选举的动态。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Latin American Cultural Studies
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