Veronika Lukasová, Ivana Vasiľová, T. Bucha, Z. Snopková, J. Škvarenina
Abstract In this study we analyzed the effect of selected biometeorological variables on the onset of phenophases in three beech stands in different climatic areas (warm, moderately warm and cold). We have focused on two phenophases - leaf unfolding and leaf colouring. Timing of both phenophases was identified visually and using series of MODIS satellite images. The data were collected during a 13-year period (2000-2012). For the spring period, we found a significant dependence between temperature and precipitation-based biometeorological variables and leaf unfolding in both datasets - those based on visual and remote sensing-based observations. The average air temperature in the period from February-April was the most significant factor which initiated the onset of beginning of leaf unfolding in all three investigated stands. The evapotranspiration-based biometeorological variables (climatic water balance, actual evapotranspiration, dryness index) had no effect on the onset of the beginning of leaf unfolding observed using both methods. The high precipitation totals in April caused the later onset of leaf unfolding in all stands. The relationship between the first autumn phenophase - leaf colouring and biometeorological variables was found significant in beech stand in the warm climatic area only. Abstrakt V práci sme analyzovali vplyv biometeorologických premenných na nástup fenologických fáz v troch bukových porastoch nachádzajúcich sa v rozdielnych klimatických oblastiach (teplej, mierne teplej a studenej). Sledovanými fenofázami boli začiatok zalistenia a začiatok žltnutia listov. Ich nástup bol sledovaný vizuálne a s použitím satelitných údajov MODIS. Pozorovania prebiehali počas 13-ročného obdobia (2000-2012). V jarnom období sme zistili významný vplyv biometeorologických premenných založených na teplote a zrážkach na začiatok zalistenia bukových porastov zisteného obomi - vizuálnym aj satelitným sledovaním. Najvýznamnejšou z týchto premenných bola priemerná teplota vzduchu od februára do apríla, ktorá vyvolávala skorší nástup začiatku zalistenia na všetkých troch bukových stanovištiach. Vyššie úhrny zrážok v mesiaci apríl spôsobovali na sledovaných stanovištiach neskorší nástup tejto fenofázy. Naopak, premenné založené na evapotranspirácií (klimatická vodná bilancia, aktuálna evapotranspirácia, index sucha) nemali žiaden vplyv na začiatok zalistenia zistený oboma metódami. Vzťah medzi prvou jesennou fenofázou - začiatkom žltnutia listov a biometeorologickými premennými bol významný iba na bukovom stanovišti nachádzajúcom sa v teplej klimatickej oblasti.
摘要本研究分析了不同气候区(暖、中暖和冷)3个山毛榉林分物候期发生的生物气象变量。我们重点研究了两个物候期——叶片展开和叶片着色。这两个物候期的时间是目测和使用一系列MODIS卫星图像确定的。数据收集于13年期间(2000-2012年)。在春季，我们发现基于温度和降水的生物气象变量与基于视觉和遥感观测的两个数据集的叶片展开之间存在显著的依赖关系。2 - 4月的平均气温是导致3个调查林分开始展开的最重要因素。以蒸散发为基础的生物气象变量(气候水分平衡、实际蒸散发、干燥指数)对两种方法观测到的叶片展开开始时间均无影响。4月降水总量大，导致各林分叶片展开时间晚。暖气区山毛榉林分初秋物候-叶色与生物气象变量的关系显著。摘要:V práci sme analyzovali vplyv biometeorologických premenných na nástup fenologických fáz V troch bukových porastoch nachádzajúcich sa V rozdielnych klimatických oblastiach (teplej, mierne teplej a studenej)。Sledovanými fenofázami boli za iatok zalistenia a za iatok žltnutia listov。其中nástup bol sledovaný vizuálne a s použitím satelitných údajov MODIS。Pozorovania prebiehali po as 13- ro n - odobia(2000-2012)。V jarnom období sme zistili významný vplyv biometeorologických premenných založených na teplote a zrážkach na zaiata zistenia bukových波拉斯托夫zisten - vizuálnym aj satelitným sledovaním。Najvýznamnejšou z týchto premenných bola priemern teplota vzduchu od februára do apríla, ktor vyvolávala skorší nástup za iatku zalistenia na všetkých troch bukových stanovištiach。Vyššie úhrny zrážok v mesiaci apríl spôsobovali na sledovaných stanovištiach neskorší nástup tejto fenofázy。Naopak, premenn založené na evapotranspirácií (klimatick vodn bilancia, aktuálna evapotranspirácia，索引等)nemali žiaden vplyv na za iatok zalistenia zistený oboma metódami。Vzťah medzi provou jesenou fenofázou - za iatkom žltnutia listov a biometeorologickými premennými bol významný iba na bukovom stanovišti nachádzajúcom sa v teplej klimatickej oblasti。
{"title":"Effect of biometeorological variables on the onset of phenophases derived from MODIS data and visual observations","authors":"Veronika Lukasová, Ivana Vasiľová, T. Bucha, Z. Snopková, J. Škvarenina","doi":"10.2478/FORJ-2014-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/FORJ-2014-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study we analyzed the effect of selected biometeorological variables on the onset of phenophases in three beech stands in different climatic areas (warm, moderately warm and cold). We have focused on two phenophases - leaf unfolding and leaf colouring. Timing of both phenophases was identified visually and using series of MODIS satellite images. The data were collected during a 13-year period (2000-2012). For the spring period, we found a significant dependence between temperature and precipitation-based biometeorological variables and leaf unfolding in both datasets - those based on visual and remote sensing-based observations. The average air temperature in the period from February-April was the most significant factor which initiated the onset of beginning of leaf unfolding in all three investigated stands. The evapotranspiration-based biometeorological variables (climatic water balance, actual evapotranspiration, dryness index) had no effect on the onset of the beginning of leaf unfolding observed using both methods. The high precipitation totals in April caused the later onset of leaf unfolding in all stands. The relationship between the first autumn phenophase - leaf colouring and biometeorological variables was found significant in beech stand in the warm climatic area only. Abstrakt V práci sme analyzovali vplyv biometeorologických premenných na nástup fenologických fáz v troch bukových porastoch nachádzajúcich sa v rozdielnych klimatických oblastiach (teplej, mierne teplej a studenej). Sledovanými fenofázami boli začiatok zalistenia a začiatok žltnutia listov. Ich nástup bol sledovaný vizuálne a s použitím satelitných údajov MODIS. Pozorovania prebiehali počas 13-ročného obdobia (2000-2012). V jarnom období sme zistili významný vplyv biometeorologických premenných založených na teplote a zrážkach na začiatok zalistenia bukových porastov zisteného obomi - vizuálnym aj satelitným sledovaním. Najvýznamnejšou z týchto premenných bola priemerná teplota vzduchu od februára do apríla, ktorá vyvolávala skorší nástup začiatku zalistenia na všetkých troch bukových stanovištiach. Vyššie úhrny zrážok v mesiaci apríl spôsobovali na sledovaných stanovištiach neskorší nástup tejto fenofázy. Naopak, premenné založené na evapotranspirácií (klimatická vodná bilancia, aktuálna evapotranspirácia, index sucha) nemali žiaden vplyv na začiatok zalistenia zistený oboma metódami. Vzťah medzi prvou jesennou fenofázou - začiatkom žltnutia listov a biometeorologickými premennými bol významný iba na bukovom stanovišti nachádzajúcom sa v teplej klimatickej oblasti.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"46 4 1","pages":"39 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89182833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zuzana Sitková, Paulína Nalevanková, K. Střelcová, P. Fleischer Jr., M. Ježík, R. Sitko, P. Pavlenda, T. Hlásny
Abstract We focus on the analysis of sap flow and stem circumference changes in European beech (Fagus sylvatica, L.) in relation to available soil water and weather conditions during the growing seasons 2012 and 2013. The objective was to examine how soil water potential affects growth and transpiration of a mature beech stand situated at the lower distributional limit of beech in Slovakia. To be able to evaluate beech response to soil water shortage, we irrigated a group of 6 trees during the period of pronounced drought, while the control group of other 6 trees remained exposed to actual weather conditions. Mean air temperatures of both seasons were considerably above the long-term average and the temporal pattern of precipitation differed between the years. During the whole growing season 2012, beech samples transpired an average volume of 6.9 m3 of water in the control and 7.7 m3 in the irrigated group. A slightly higher average volume was found in the growing season 2013 under both treatments (7.7 m3 in control and 10.5 m3 in irrigated trees). In the drought period 2012, when the irrigation experiment was commenced, the sap flow in the control group was reduced by 30% as compared with the irrigated group. In 2013, a 38.1% difference in sap flow was observed between the groups. Sap flow in the non-irrigated trees decreased with reducing soil moisture, and ceased at soil water potential -0.6 MPa. In both treatments and years, we found significant correlations between hourly sap flow and investigated weather variables. A reduction in stem circumferences of the control trees, which was observed during stem shrinkage phase, was up to 19% in 2012 and 10% in 2013. We conclude that stem circumference shrinkage during the peak of soil drought was induced by the cessation in the sap flow process. Abstrakt V práci sa zameriavame na analýzu transpiračného prúdu a zmien obvodov kmeňa buka lesného (Fagus sylvatica L.) vo vzťahu k disponibilnej pôdnej vode a meteorologickým podmienkam vo vegetačnom období 2012 a 2013. Cieľom bolo zistiť, ako vodný potenciál pôdy ovplyvňuje rast a transpiráciu bukového porastu na spodnej hranici výskytu buka na Slovensku. Počas periódy pôdneho sucha bola skupina 6 jedincov buka intenzívne zavlažovaná, zatiaľ čo kontrolná skupina 6 jedincov bola vystavená aktuálnym meteorologickým podmienkam. Vo vegetačnej sezóne oboch rokov boli zistené nadpriemerné mesačné teploty vzduchu. Časové rozloženie zrážok počas vegetačnej sezóny sa medzi rokmi líšilo. Vo vegetačnom období 2012, jedince buka transpirovali priemerne 6,9 m3 vody v kontrolnej skupine a 7,7 m3 v zavlažovanej skupine. V roku 2013 bol v oboch skupinách zistený vyšší objem transpiračného prúdu (priemerne 7,7 m3 v kontrolnej a 10,5 m3 v zavlažovanej skupine). V priebehu zavlažovacieho experimentu v období sucha 2012 bol transpiračný prúd jedincov kontrolnej skupiny v porovnaní so zavlažovanými jedincami buka nižší o 30 %. V roku 2013 bol medzi skupinami pozorovaný rozdiel
摘要本研究分析了2012年和2013年欧洲山毛榉(Fagus sylvatica, L.)生长季液流和茎周变化与土壤水分和气候条件的关系。目的是研究土壤水势如何影响位于斯洛伐克山毛榉分布下限的成熟山毛榉林分的生长和蒸腾。为了评估山毛榉对土壤缺水的反应，我们在明显干旱期间灌溉了一组6棵树，而另6棵树的对照组则暴露在实际天气条件下。这两个季节的平均气温都大大高于长期平均气温，降水的时间分布也不同。2012年整个生长季，对照组山毛榉样品平均蒸腾水量为6.9 m3，灌溉组为7.7 m3。2013年生长季，两种处理的平均体积略高(对照为7.7 m3，灌溉为10.5 m3)。2012年干旱期，开始灌溉试验时，对照组的液流较灌溉组减少30%。2013年，两组之间的液流差异为38.1%。未灌溉树木的液流随土壤水分的减少而减少，在土壤水势-0.6 MPa时停止。在处理和年份中，我们发现小时液流与调查的天气变量之间存在显着相关性。在茎干收缩阶段，对照树的茎周长在2012年减少了19%，2013年减少了10%。我们认为，在土壤干旱高峰期，茎周收缩是由于树液流动过程的停止引起的。摘要V práci sa zameriavame na analýzu transpira nsamho prúdu a zmien obvodov kmeňa buka lesnsamho (Fagus sylvatica L.) vo vzťahu k disponibilnej pôdnej vode a meteorologickým podmienkam vo vegeta nom období 2012 a 2013。Cieľom bolo zistikv, ako vodný potenciál pôdy ovplyvňuje rast a transpiráciu bukovachiho porastu na spodnej hranici výskytu buka na Slovensku。pomienkam as periódy pôdneho sucha bola skupina 6 jedincov buka intenzívne zavlažovaná， zatiasov o kontrolnskupina 6 jedincov bola vystaven aktuálnym meteorologickým podmienkam。Vo vegeta nej sezóne oboch rokov boli zisten nadpriprimneymesanneyploty vzduchu。Časové rozloženie zrážok po as vegeta nej sezóny sa medzi rokmi líšilo。Vo vegeta nom období 2012, jeince buka transprovali pripriine 6,9 m3 vody v kontrolnej skupine a 7,7 m3 v zavlažovanej skupine。V roku 2013 bol V boch skupinách zistený vyšší object transpira nsamho prúdu (primene 7,7 m3 V kontrolnej和10,5 m3 V zavlažovanej skupine)。V priebehu zavlažovacieho experimentu V období sucha 2012 bol transpiračný prúd jedincov kontrolnej skupiny V porovnaní so zavlažovanými jedincami buka nižší o 30%。V roku 2013 bol medzi skupinami pozorovaný rozdiel 38.1%。Vplyv pôdneho sucha na transpiráciu sa za al významne prejavovavov pri hodnote vodnsamho potenciálu pôdy−0.6 MPa。V boch skupinách aj rokoch bol preukázaný štatisticky významný vzťah medzi hodinovými údajmi transpira nsamho prúdu a väčšinou skúmaných meteorologických charakteristík。po as fázy zmršťovania kmeňov v období等查，bol u jdincov controlnej skupiny pozorovaný 19% pokles na obvovov roku 2012和10% v roku 2013。Na základe našich pozorovaní môžeme konštatovať， že kontrakcie obvodov kmeňov v období vrcholiaceho pôdneho sucha boli vyvolan útlmom v procese transpira n2013.prúdu。
{"title":"How does soil water potential limit the seasonal dynamics of sap flow and circumference changes in European beech?","authors":"Zuzana Sitková, Paulína Nalevanková, K. Střelcová, P. Fleischer Jr., M. Ježík, R. Sitko, P. Pavlenda, T. Hlásny","doi":"10.2478/FORJ-2014-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/FORJ-2014-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We focus on the analysis of sap flow and stem circumference changes in European beech (Fagus sylvatica, L.) in relation to available soil water and weather conditions during the growing seasons 2012 and 2013. The objective was to examine how soil water potential affects growth and transpiration of a mature beech stand situated at the lower distributional limit of beech in Slovakia. To be able to evaluate beech response to soil water shortage, we irrigated a group of 6 trees during the period of pronounced drought, while the control group of other 6 trees remained exposed to actual weather conditions. Mean air temperatures of both seasons were considerably above the long-term average and the temporal pattern of precipitation differed between the years. During the whole growing season 2012, beech samples transpired an average volume of 6.9 m3 of water in the control and 7.7 m3 in the irrigated group. A slightly higher average volume was found in the growing season 2013 under both treatments (7.7 m3 in control and 10.5 m3 in irrigated trees). In the drought period 2012, when the irrigation experiment was commenced, the sap flow in the control group was reduced by 30% as compared with the irrigated group. In 2013, a 38.1% difference in sap flow was observed between the groups. Sap flow in the non-irrigated trees decreased with reducing soil moisture, and ceased at soil water potential -0.6 MPa. In both treatments and years, we found significant correlations between hourly sap flow and investigated weather variables. A reduction in stem circumferences of the control trees, which was observed during stem shrinkage phase, was up to 19% in 2012 and 10% in 2013. We conclude that stem circumference shrinkage during the peak of soil drought was induced by the cessation in the sap flow process. Abstrakt V práci sa zameriavame na analýzu transpiračného prúdu a zmien obvodov kmeňa buka lesného (Fagus sylvatica L.) vo vzťahu k disponibilnej pôdnej vode a meteorologickým podmienkam vo vegetačnom období 2012 a 2013. Cieľom bolo zistiť, ako vodný potenciál pôdy ovplyvňuje rast a transpiráciu bukového porastu na spodnej hranici výskytu buka na Slovensku. Počas periódy pôdneho sucha bola skupina 6 jedincov buka intenzívne zavlažovaná, zatiaľ čo kontrolná skupina 6 jedincov bola vystavená aktuálnym meteorologickým podmienkam. Vo vegetačnej sezóne oboch rokov boli zistené nadpriemerné mesačné teploty vzduchu. Časové rozloženie zrážok počas vegetačnej sezóny sa medzi rokmi líšilo. Vo vegetačnom období 2012, jedince buka transpirovali priemerne 6,9 m3 vody v kontrolnej skupine a 7,7 m3 v zavlažovanej skupine. V roku 2013 bol v oboch skupinách zistený vyšší objem transpiračného prúdu (priemerne 7,7 m3 v kontrolnej a 10,5 m3 v zavlažovanej skupine). V priebehu zavlažovacieho experimentu v období sucha 2012 bol transpiračný prúd jedincov kontrolnej skupiny v porovnaní so zavlažovanými jedincami buka nižší o 30 %. V roku 2013 bol medzi skupinami pozorovaný rozdiel ","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"153 10 1","pages":"19 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83123830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Nowadays, forest enterprises are facing the persistent need for communication with media, while such situation was not common in the past. Thus, it is necessary to study the principles of media communication under special conditions of forestry, using phenomenological approach. The paper, based on the analysis of theoretical background of communication and media policy, proposes model of the forest enterprise presentation in media, including general principles of communication policy with special emphasis on its effectiveness in non-monetary terms. More specifically, the following issues are addresses in the paper: goal and objectives of media communication as well as basic characteristics of media communication. Then, the irreplaceable components of the model of forest enterprise media communication, including the enterprise communicator role, media communication tools and strategies, are proposed. Finally, the measures of effective media presentation of forest enterprises are discussed.
{"title":"Návrh modelu mediálnej komunikácie lesných podnikov","authors":"Ján Lichý","doi":"10.2478/forj-2014-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2014-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nowadays, forest enterprises are facing the persistent need for communication with media, while such situation was not common in the past. Thus, it is necessary to study the principles of media communication under special conditions of forestry, using phenomenological approach. The paper, based on the analysis of theoretical background of communication and media policy, proposes model of the forest enterprise presentation in media, including general principles of communication policy with special emphasis on its effectiveness in non-monetary terms. More specifically, the following issues are addresses in the paper: goal and objectives of media communication as well as basic characteristics of media communication. Then, the irreplaceable components of the model of forest enterprise media communication, including the enterprise communicator role, media communication tools and strategies, are proposed. Finally, the measures of effective media presentation of forest enterprises are discussed.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":"276 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78498193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zdeněk Vacek, S. Vacek, Jiří Remeš, Igor Štefančík, Dan Bulušek, Lukáš Bílek
Abstract The paper deals with the research of structure and dynamic development of stands in National Nature Reservation Trčkov, located in Protected Landscape Area Orlické Mts. (Czech Republic). The research was carried out in spruce-beech stand with admixed fir and sycamore maple. Two permanent research plots (PRP 1 and PRP 2), for each with area of 0.25 hectare were chosen as an object of our research. FieldMap technology was used for field measurement. Compared PRP were characterized by the same typological, soil, phytocenology and stand parameters, but different method of protection against game damage. Results showed that deer is considered to be limiting factor for successful development of natural regeneration of autochthonous tree species. The tree species proportion of natural regeneration occurred in PRP 1 with fencing was sufficient, contrary to PRP 2 (outside fencing) owing to site and stand conditions. The results of biometric measurements and predicted simulation by Sibyla growth simulator showed multi-layer stand structure and productive spruce-beech stands with interspersed fir and sycamore maple. We also found depleted phase of regeneration according to frequency and tree species proportion, as well as beginning of grow up stadium, especially related to fir and sycamore proportion and/or beech and spruce. It is concluded that growth visualization and simulation confirmed the hypothesis about long-term effect of game to species, spatial and age structure and development of concerned autochthonous population.
{"title":"Struktura a modelový vývoj lesních porostů v NPR Trčkov – CHKO Orlické Hory, Česká republika","authors":"Zdeněk Vacek, S. Vacek, Jiří Remeš, Igor Štefančík, Dan Bulušek, Lukáš Bílek","doi":"10.2478/forj-2014-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2014-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper deals with the research of structure and dynamic development of stands in National Nature Reservation Trčkov, located in Protected Landscape Area Orlické Mts. (Czech Republic). The research was carried out in spruce-beech stand with admixed fir and sycamore maple. Two permanent research plots (PRP 1 and PRP 2), for each with area of 0.25 hectare were chosen as an object of our research. FieldMap technology was used for field measurement. Compared PRP were characterized by the same typological, soil, phytocenology and stand parameters, but different method of protection against game damage. Results showed that deer is considered to be limiting factor for successful development of natural regeneration of autochthonous tree species. The tree species proportion of natural regeneration occurred in PRP 1 with fencing was sufficient, contrary to PRP 2 (outside fencing) owing to site and stand conditions. The results of biometric measurements and predicted simulation by Sibyla growth simulator showed multi-layer stand structure and productive spruce-beech stands with interspersed fir and sycamore maple. We also found depleted phase of regeneration according to frequency and tree species proportion, as well as beginning of grow up stadium, especially related to fir and sycamore proportion and/or beech and spruce. It is concluded that growth visualization and simulation confirmed the hypothesis about long-term effect of game to species, spatial and age structure and development of concerned autochthonous population.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"248 - 263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75874780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Igor Štefančík, Jozef Pajtík, Michal Bošeľa, Tibor Priwitzer, Vladimír Čaboun, Tomáš Klouček
Abstract The paper presents results of a long-term observation focused on the growth of two selected fir-beech stands in the area of the Eastern Carpathian Mountains, which were established in the past to investigate the effect of different management treatments on the growth and structure of the stands. Attention was paid to changes in the tree species proportion, vertical and horizontal structure, the quantitative production and dead wood. The results of the monitoring of approximately 60-year stands development suggested a reduction of the fir proportion and an increase proportion of beech and maple in the natural conditions. Production characteristics (wood stock, above ground biomass, carbon stock, and dead wood) have reached higher values on the control area. The results suggested that the close-to-nature management of these forest stands has a beneficial effect on their structure and overall development.
{"title":"Porovnanie vývoja vybraných jedľobukových porastov vo výskumno-účelovom objekte „Komárnik\"","authors":"Igor Štefančík, Jozef Pajtík, Michal Bošeľa, Tibor Priwitzer, Vladimír Čaboun, Tomáš Klouček","doi":"10.2478/forj-2014-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2014-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper presents results of a long-term observation focused on the growth of two selected fir-beech stands in the area of the Eastern Carpathian Mountains, which were established in the past to investigate the effect of different management treatments on the growth and structure of the stands. Attention was paid to changes in the tree species proportion, vertical and horizontal structure, the quantitative production and dead wood. The results of the monitoring of approximately 60-year stands development suggested a reduction of the fir proportion and an increase proportion of beech and maple in the natural conditions. Production characteristics (wood stock, above ground biomass, carbon stock, and dead wood) have reached higher values on the control area. The results suggested that the close-to-nature management of these forest stands has a beneficial effect on their structure and overall development.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"229 - 239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74620051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.2478/V10114-011-0030-Y
C. Greguš
{"title":"An integrated direction system for forest management in the form of theses into the forest acts","authors":"C. Greguš","doi":"10.2478/V10114-011-0030-Y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/V10114-011-0030-Y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"12 6","pages":"221-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72460617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-01DOI: 10.2478/v10114-011-0031-x
Barbora Klempířová, Lukáš Dragoun, R. Marušák
Abstract Peatland Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) forests represent very valuable ecosystems with considerable importance for nature conservation. However, a lot of peatland forests have been drained or used for opencast mining of peat. Since dendrochronological and dendroecological studies on trees growing on peatlands in Europe are not many, this study aimed to reconstruct the impact of drainage to the growth of trees in forest stands older than 100 years in the moment of drainage. Dendrochronological analysis was performed on two 0.25-ha square sampling plots (50*50 m) in two pre-selected stands (control site vs. drained site) with similar natural conditions and age. The mean-value functions of the ring indices, comparing the drained site with the control site, in the period after 1940 revealed very similar radial-growth trends. After the year 1992, when one site was substantially drained, the radial-growth trends not showed any significant change. Likewise, the result of the independent two sample t-test for the period after 1992 has not revealed any substantial statistically important difference in the mean index between the control site and the drained site.
泥炭地挪威云杉(Picea abies L. Karst.)森林是一种非常有价值的生态系统，对自然保护具有重要意义。然而，许多泥炭地森林已被抽干或用于露天开采泥炭。由于欧洲泥炭地树木的树木年代学和树木生态学研究并不多，本研究旨在重建排水时刻对100年以上林分树木生长的影响。在自然条件和树龄相似的两个预选林分(对照林分和排水林分)中，对两个0.25 ha的采样样地(50*50 m)进行了树木年代学分析。1940年以后，排水场地与对照场地环指数的均值函数显示出非常相似的径向增长趋势。1992年之后，当一个地点基本上干涸后，径向增长趋势没有显示出任何重大变化。同样，1992年以后的独立双样本t检验结果也没有显示对照点和排水点的平均指数有显著的统计学差异。
{"title":"Impact of soil drainage to the radial stem growth of Norway spruce (Picea Abies L. Karst.) in peatland forests","authors":"Barbora Klempířová, Lukáš Dragoun, R. Marušák","doi":"10.2478/v10114-011-0031-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/v10114-011-0031-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Peatland Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) forests represent very valuable ecosystems with considerable importance for nature conservation. However, a lot of peatland forests have been drained or used for opencast mining of peat. Since dendrochronological and dendroecological studies on trees growing on peatlands in Europe are not many, this study aimed to reconstruct the impact of drainage to the growth of trees in forest stands older than 100 years in the moment of drainage. Dendrochronological analysis was performed on two 0.25-ha square sampling plots (50*50 m) in two pre-selected stands (control site vs. drained site) with similar natural conditions and age. The mean-value functions of the ring indices, comparing the drained site with the control site, in the period after 1940 revealed very similar radial-growth trends. After the year 1992, when one site was substantially drained, the radial-growth trends not showed any significant change. Likewise, the result of the independent two sample t-test for the period after 1992 has not revealed any substantial statistically important difference in the mean index between the control site and the drained site.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"19 1","pages":"240 - 247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82589110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The paper presents the results from the analysis of the 45 soil samples collected in 2010 from ten forest nurseries located at different regions of Slovak Republic. In total, 142 species of nematodes belonging to 87 genera were found. Out of them, 32 species are considered as plant feeders - parasites of higher plants, 11 species belong to fungal feeders, 10 species to root-fungal feeders, 8 species of predatory nematodes, 20 species of omnivorous nematodes and 49 species of bacteriovorous nematodes. The highest number of species was found in the Picea abies (94) and Quercus robur (80) rhizosphere. The survey results showed that communities of soil nematodes in forest nurseries are represented by all trophic groups of nematodes, but bacteriovorous, phytophagous and phyto-mycophagous nematodes prevailed and represented about 80% a total nematode fauna of coniferous and deciduous seedlings. The species of Acrobeloides nanus, Cephalobus persegnis, Rhabditis sp. juv.¸ Mesorhabditis sp.juv., Helicotylenchus digonicus, Paratylecnhus bukowensis, Trichodorus sprasus, Filenchus vulgaris, Malenchus exiguus, Tylencholaimus mirabilis, Tylencholaimus stecki belong to the most abundant at this study.
{"title":"Parazitické nematódy rastlín a voľne žijúce pôdne nematódy vo vybraných lesných škôlkach Slovenska","authors":"Marek Renčo","doi":"10.2478/FORJ-2014-0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/FORJ-2014-0031","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper presents the results from the analysis of the 45 soil samples collected in 2010 from ten forest nurseries located at different regions of Slovak Republic. In total, 142 species of nematodes belonging to 87 genera were found. Out of them, 32 species are considered as plant feeders - parasites of higher plants, 11 species belong to fungal feeders, 10 species to root-fungal feeders, 8 species of predatory nematodes, 20 species of omnivorous nematodes and 49 species of bacteriovorous nematodes. The highest number of species was found in the Picea abies (94) and Quercus robur (80) rhizosphere. The survey results showed that communities of soil nematodes in forest nurseries are represented by all trophic groups of nematodes, but bacteriovorous, phytophagous and phyto-mycophagous nematodes prevailed and represented about 80% a total nematode fauna of coniferous and deciduous seedlings. The species of Acrobeloides nanus, Cephalobus persegnis, Rhabditis sp. juv.¸ Mesorhabditis sp.juv., Helicotylenchus digonicus, Paratylecnhus bukowensis, Trichodorus sprasus, Filenchus vulgaris, Malenchus exiguus, Tylencholaimus mirabilis, Tylencholaimus stecki belong to the most abundant at this study.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"264 - 275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75288110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This review paper summarises the development of forest monitoring in Europe and in Slovakia. Since 1986 Forest Research Institute has been performing monitoring activities at the systematic grid of 16×16 km on permanent monitoring plots of Level I (extensive monitoring) and since 1995 on 9 plots of II. Level (intensive monitoring), which is closely connected with programme ICP Forests and PMS Forests. However, during 1991-1992 monitoring on 1189 plots in the grid of 4×4 km in Slovakia was done by Lesoprojekt Zvolen, which was repeated during the last 10 years as a part of LHP (every year 1/10 territory). This paper describes briefly also surveys and monitoring activities of different monitoring systems, parameters, methods and the perspectives of monitoring of the forest condition
{"title":"Monitoring lesných ekosystémov na území Európy a Slovenska","authors":"D. Krupová, Pavel Pavlenda","doi":"10.2478/forj-2014-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2014-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This review paper summarises the development of forest monitoring in Europe and in Slovakia. Since 1986 Forest Research Institute has been performing monitoring activities at the systematic grid of 16×16 km on permanent monitoring plots of Level I (extensive monitoring) and since 1995 on 9 plots of II. Level (intensive monitoring), which is closely connected with programme ICP Forests and PMS Forests. However, during 1991-1992 monitoring on 1189 plots in the grid of 4×4 km in Slovakia was done by Lesoprojekt Zvolen, which was repeated during the last 10 years as a part of LHP (every year 1/10 territory). This paper describes briefly also surveys and monitoring activities of different monitoring systems, parameters, methods and the perspectives of monitoring of the forest condition","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"110 1","pages":"289 - 294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81359640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The paper, important particularly in terms of comparison of temporal analyses in forestry (in tens of years), is focused on: - assessment of the soil degradation rate caused by coniferous monocultures (mainly spruce), - issues of soil protection in relation to forest roads (sloping tracks), - present ecological impacts of the environment (including physiological processes of tree species) on forest soil and with an emphasis on timber production on forest stands, The author evaluates and presents proposals for assessment of all the issues with great scientific erudition.
{"title":"Oprášené spomienky a zopár nekonvenčných návrhov","authors":"R. Šály","doi":"10.2478/forj-2014-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forj-2014-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper, important particularly in terms of comparison of temporal analyses in forestry (in tens of years), is focused on: - assessment of the soil degradation rate caused by coniferous monocultures (mainly spruce), - issues of soil protection in relation to forest roads (sloping tracks), - present ecological impacts of the environment (including physiological processes of tree species) on forest soil and with an emphasis on timber production on forest stands, The author evaluates and presents proposals for assessment of all the issues with great scientific erudition.","PeriodicalId":56352,"journal":{"name":"Forestry Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"284 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81378435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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