High-quality photonic materials are critical for promoting integrated photonic devices with broad bandwidths, high efficiencies, and flexibilities for high-volume chip-scale fabrication. Recently, we designed a home-developed chalcogenide glass (ChG)- Ge 25 Sb 10 S 65 (GeSbS) for optical information processing chips and systems, which featured an ultrabroad transmission window, a high Kerr nonlinearity and photoelastic coefficient, and compatibility with the photonic hybrid integration technology of silicon photonics. Chip-integrated GeSbS microresonators and microresonator arrays with high quality factors and lithographically controlled fine structures were fabricated using a modified nanofabrication process. Moreover, considering the high Kerr nonlinearity and photoelastic effect of ChGs, we realised a novel ChG hybrid integrated chip, inspired by recent advances in integrated soliton microcombs and acousto-optic (AO) modulators.
高质量的光子材料对于促进具有宽带、高效率和灵活性的集成光子器件的大规模芯片级制造至关重要。近年来，我们设计了一种国产的用于光学信息处理芯片和系统的硫系玻璃(ChG)- Ge 25 Sb 10 S 65 (GeSbS)，该玻璃具有超远透射窗口、高克尔非线性和光弹性系数，并且与硅光子学的光子混合集成技术兼容。采用改进的纳米工艺制备了具有高质量因数和光刻控制精细结构的芯片集成GeSbS微谐振器和微谐振器阵列。此外，考虑到ChG的高克尔非线性和光弹性效应，我们实现了一种新的ChG混合集成芯片，灵感来自集成孤子微梳和声光(AO)调制器的最新进展。
{"title":"Hybrid-integrated chalcogenide photonics","authors":"Bin Zhang, Di Xia, Xin Zhao, Lei Wan, Zhaohui Li","doi":"10.37188/lam.2023.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2023.024","url":null,"abstract":"High-quality photonic materials are critical for promoting integrated photonic devices with broad bandwidths, high efficiencies, and flexibilities for high-volume chip-scale fabrication. Recently, we designed a home-developed chalcogenide glass (ChG)- Ge 25 Sb 10 S 65 (GeSbS) for optical information processing chips and systems, which featured an ultrabroad transmission window, a high Kerr nonlinearity and photoelastic coefficient, and compatibility with the photonic hybrid integration technology of silicon photonics. Chip-integrated GeSbS microresonators and microresonator arrays with high quality factors and lithographically controlled fine structures were fabricated using a modified nanofabrication process. Moreover, considering the high Kerr nonlinearity and photoelastic effect of ChGs, we realised a novel ChG hybrid integrated chip, inspired by recent advances in integrated soliton microcombs and acousto-optic (AO) modulators.","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69983829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xingquan Liu, Fang Zhang, Qiwen Zhang, Zhengfen Wan, Xi Chen
Sensors are widely used to acquire biological and environmental information for medical diagnosis, and health and environmental monitoring. Graphene is a promising new sensor material that has been widely used in sensor fabrication in recent years. Compared with many other existing graphene preparation methods, laser-scribed graphene (LSG) is simple, low-cost, environmentally friendly, and has good conductivity and high thermal stability, making it widely used in the sensor field. This paper summarizes existing LSG methods for sensor fabrication. Primary LSG preparation methods and their variants are introduced first, followed by a summary of LSG modification methods designed explicitly for sensor fabrication. Subsequently, the applications of LSG in stress, bio, gas, temperature, and humidity sensors are summarized with a particular focus on multifunctional integrated sensors. Finally, the current challenges and prospects of LSG-based sensors are discussed.
{"title":"Laser-scribed graphene for sensors: preparation, modification, applications, and future prospects","authors":"Xingquan Liu, Fang Zhang, Qiwen Zhang, Zhengfen Wan, Xi Chen","doi":"10.37188/lam.2023.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2023.011","url":null,"abstract":"Sensors are widely used to acquire biological and environmental information for medical diagnosis, and health and environmental monitoring. Graphene is a promising new sensor material that has been widely used in sensor fabrication in recent years. Compared with many other existing graphene preparation methods, laser-scribed graphene (LSG) is simple, low-cost, environmentally friendly, and has good conductivity and high thermal stability, making it widely used in the sensor field. This paper summarizes existing LSG methods for sensor fabrication. Primary LSG preparation methods and their variants are introduced first, followed by a summary of LSG modification methods designed explicitly for sensor fabrication. Subsequently, the applications of LSG in stress, bio, gas, temperature, and humidity sensors are summarized with a particular focus on multifunctional integrated sensors. Finally, the current challenges and prospects of LSG-based sensors are discussed.","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69983863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yilin Xu, P. Maier, Mareike Trappen, P. Dietrich, M. Blaicher, Rokas Jutas, Achim Weber, Torben Kind, C. Dankwart, Jens Stephan, Andreas Steffan, Amin Abbasi, P. Morrissey, K. Gradkowski, Brian Kelly, Peter O’Brien, W. Freude, C. Koos
{"title":"3D-printed facet-attached microlenses for advanced photonic system assembly","authors":"Yilin Xu, P. Maier, Mareike Trappen, P. Dietrich, M. Blaicher, Rokas Jutas, Achim Weber, Torben Kind, C. Dankwart, Jens Stephan, Andreas Steffan, Amin Abbasi, P. Morrissey, K. Gradkowski, Brian Kelly, Peter O’Brien, W. Freude, C. Koos","doi":"10.37188/lam.2023.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2023.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69984170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenfeng Cai, Delai Kong, Zongjun Ma, Mengjia Cen, Jiawei Wang, Dandan Yuan, Ke Li, Ming Cheng, Shaolin Xu, D. Luo, Yan-qing Lu, Yanjun Liu
Microlenses or arrays are key elements in many applications. However, their construction methods involve multiple fabrication processes, thereby increasing the complexity and cost of fabrication. In this study, we demonstrate an optically anisotropic, electrically tunable liquid crystal (LC) microlens array using a simple, one-step fabrication method. The microlens array is formed via photopolymerization-induced phase separation inside a polymer/LC composite. It possesses both polarization-dependent and electrically tunable focusing and imaging properties. Without applying voltage, the microlens array has a natural focal length of 8 mm, which is a result of its inherent gradient refractive index profile. Upon applying voltage above the threshold, the LC molecules reorient along the electric field direction and the focal length of the microlens array gradually increases. Based on its superior properties, the microlens array is further used for integral imaging applications, demonstrating electrically tunable central depth plane. Such LC microlens arrays could find numerous potential applications owing to their advantageous features of being flat, ultra-thin, and tunable, including 3D displays, optical interconnects, and more.
{"title":"Optically anisotropic, electrically tunable microlens arrays formed via single-step photopolymerization-induced phase separation in polymer/liquid-crystal composite materials","authors":"Wenfeng Cai, Delai Kong, Zongjun Ma, Mengjia Cen, Jiawei Wang, Dandan Yuan, Ke Li, Ming Cheng, Shaolin Xu, D. Luo, Yan-qing Lu, Yanjun Liu","doi":"10.37188/lam.2023.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2023.028","url":null,"abstract":"Microlenses or arrays are key elements in many applications. However, their construction methods involve multiple fabrication processes, thereby increasing the complexity and cost of fabrication. In this study, we demonstrate an optically anisotropic, electrically tunable liquid crystal (LC) microlens array using a simple, one-step fabrication method. The microlens array is formed via photopolymerization-induced phase separation inside a polymer/LC composite. It possesses both polarization-dependent and electrically tunable focusing and imaging properties. Without applying voltage, the microlens array has a natural focal length of 8 mm, which is a result of its inherent gradient refractive index profile. Upon applying voltage above the threshold, the LC molecules reorient along the electric field direction and the focal length of the microlens array gradually increases. Based on its superior properties, the microlens array is further used for integral imaging applications, demonstrating electrically tunable central depth plane. Such LC microlens arrays could find numerous potential applications owing to their advantageous features of being flat, ultra-thin, and tunable, including 3D displays, optical interconnects, and more.","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69984617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fluorescence microscopy is a powerful tool for scientists to observe the microscopic world, and the fluorescence excitation light source is one of the most critical components. To compensate for the short operation lifetime, integrated light sources, and low excitation efficiency of conventional light sources such as mercury, halogen, and xenon lamps, we designed an LED-integrated excitation cube (LEC) with a decentralized structure and high optical power density. Using a Fresnel lens, the light from the light-emitting diode (LED) was effectively focused within a 15 mm mounting distance to achieve high-efficiency illumination. LEC can be easily designed in the shape of fluorescence filter cubes for installation in commercial fluorescence microscopes. LECs’ optical efficiency is 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than that of mercury lamps; therefore, high-quality fluorescence imaging with spectral coverage from UV to red can be achieved. By replacing conventional fluorescence filter cubes, LEC can be easily installed on any commercial fluorescence microscope. A built-in LEC driver can identify the types of LEDs in different spectral bands to adopt the optimal operating current and frequency of pulses. Moreover, high-contrast images can be achieved in pulse mode by time-gated imaging of long-lifetime luminescence.
{"title":"Contrast-enhanced fluorescence microscope by LED integrated excitation cubes","authors":"Yuan Liu, Xiang Zhang, Fei Su, Z. Guo, D. Jin","doi":"10.37188/lam.2023.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2023.008","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorescence microscopy is a powerful tool for scientists to observe the microscopic world, and the fluorescence excitation light source is one of the most critical components. To compensate for the short operation lifetime, integrated light sources, and low excitation efficiency of conventional light sources such as mercury, halogen, and xenon lamps, we designed an LED-integrated excitation cube (LEC) with a decentralized structure and high optical power density. Using a Fresnel lens, the light from the light-emitting diode (LED) was effectively focused within a 15 mm mounting distance to achieve high-efficiency illumination. LEC can be easily designed in the shape of fluorescence filter cubes for installation in commercial fluorescence microscopes. LECs’ optical efficiency is 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than that of mercury lamps; therefore, high-quality fluorescence imaging with spectral coverage from UV to red can be achieved. By replacing conventional fluorescence filter cubes, LEC can be easily installed on any commercial fluorescence microscope. A built-in LEC driver can identify the types of LEDs in different spectral bands to adopt the optimal operating current and frequency of pulses. Moreover, high-contrast images can be achieved in pulse mode by time-gated imaging of long-lifetime luminescence.","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69983786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Nair, C. Pan, Hao Wang, Deepshikha Arora, Q. Wu, Md. Mizanur Rahman, J. Teng, Joel K. W. Yang
{"title":"Fabrication of opaque and transparent 3D structures using a single material via two-photon polymerisation lithography","authors":"P. Nair, C. Pan, Hao Wang, Deepshikha Arora, Q. Wu, Md. Mizanur Rahman, J. Teng, Joel K. W. Yang","doi":"10.37188/lam.2023.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2023.025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69983836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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