With the advent of technologies such as augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR) that are moving towards displays with high efficiency, small size, and ultrahigh resolution, the development of optoelectronic devices with scales on the order of a few microns or even smaller has attracted considerable interest. In this review article we provide an overview of some of the recent developments of visible micron-scale light emitting diodes (LEDs). The major challenges of higher surface recombination for smaller size devices, the difficulty in attaining longer emission wavelengths, and the complexity of integrating individual, full color devices into a display are discussed, along with techniques developed to address them. We then present recent work on bottom-up nanostructure-based sub-micron LEDs, highlighting their unique advantages, recent developments, and promising potential. Finally, we present perspectives for future development of micro-LEDs for higher efficiencies, better color output and more efficient integration.
{"title":"Recent Progress on Micro-LEDs","authors":"A. Pandey, M. Reddeppa, Zetian Mi","doi":"10.37188/lam.2023.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2023.031","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of technologies such as augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR) that are moving towards displays with high efficiency, small size, and ultrahigh resolution, the development of optoelectronic devices with scales on the order of a few microns or even smaller has attracted considerable interest. In this review article we provide an overview of some of the recent developments of visible micron-scale light emitting diodes (LEDs). The major challenges of higher surface recombination for smaller size devices, the difficulty in attaining longer emission wavelengths, and the complexity of integrating individual, full color devices into a display are discussed, along with techniques developed to address them. We then present recent work on bottom-up nanostructure-based sub-micron LEDs, highlighting their unique advantages, recent developments, and promising potential. Finally, we present perspectives for future development of micro-LEDs for higher efficiencies, better color output and more efficient integration.","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69984643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antoine Boniface, Florian Maitre, J. Madrid-Wolff, C. Moser
3D printing has revolutionized the manufacturing of volumetric components and structures for various fields. Thanks to the advent of photocurable resins, several fully volumetric light-based techniques have been recently developed to overcome the current limitations of 3D printing. Although fast, this new generation of printers cannot fabricate objects whose size typically exceeds the centimeter without severely affecting the final resolution. Based on tomographic volumetric additive manufacturing, we propose a method for volumetric helical additive manufacturing (VHAM) multi-cm scale structures without magnifying the projected patterns. It consists of illuminating the photoresist while the latter follows a helical motion. This movement allows for increasing the height of the printable object. Additionally, we off-center the modulator used for projecting the light patterns to double the object's lateral size. We demonstrate experimentally the interest in using these two tricks for printing larger objects (up to 3 cm x 3 cm x 5 cm) while maintaining high resolution (<200 um) and short print time (<10 min).
3D打印已经彻底改变了各个领域的体积部件和结构的制造。由于光固化树脂的出现，最近开发了几种基于全体积光的技术来克服3D打印的当前限制。尽管速度很快，但新一代打印机无法在不严重影响最终分辨率的情况下制造出通常超过厘米的物体。基于断层扫描体积增材制造，我们提出了一种在不放大投影图案的情况下实现体积螺旋增材制造（VHAM）多厘米级结构的方法。它包括照射光致抗蚀剂，而后者遵循螺旋运动。此移动允许增加可打印对象的高度。此外，我们偏离了用于投影光图案的调制器的中心，使物体的横向尺寸加倍。我们通过实验证明了使用这两种技巧打印较大物体（高达3cm x 3cm x 5cm）的兴趣，同时保持高分辨率（<200 um）和短打印时间（<10分钟）。
{"title":"Volumetric helical additive manufacturing","authors":"Antoine Boniface, Florian Maitre, J. Madrid-Wolff, C. Moser","doi":"10.37188/lam.2023.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2023.012","url":null,"abstract":"3D printing has revolutionized the manufacturing of volumetric components and structures for various fields. Thanks to the advent of photocurable resins, several fully volumetric light-based techniques have been recently developed to overcome the current limitations of 3D printing. Although fast, this new generation of printers cannot fabricate objects whose size typically exceeds the centimeter without severely affecting the final resolution. Based on tomographic volumetric additive manufacturing, we propose a method for volumetric helical additive manufacturing (VHAM) multi-cm scale structures without magnifying the projected patterns. It consists of illuminating the photoresist while the latter follows a helical motion. This movement allows for increasing the height of the printable object. Additionally, we off-center the modulator used for projecting the light patterns to double the object's lateral size. We demonstrate experimentally the interest in using these two tricks for printing larger objects (up to 3 cm x 3 cm x 5 cm) while maintaining high resolution (<200 um) and short print time (<10 min).","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43791236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Zhang, Huiru Zhang, Ni Tang, Xiren Chen, Fengjiang Liu, Xiaoyu Sun, Hongyan Yu, Xinyu Sun, Qiannan Jia, Boqu Chen, B. Cluzel, P. Grelu, A. Coillet, Feng Qiu, Lei Ying, W. Sha, Xiaofeng Liu, Jianrong Qiu, Ding Zhao, Wei Yan, Duanduan Wu, Xiang Shen, Jiyong Wang, Min Qiu
Metafibers expand the functionalities of conventional optical fibres to unprecedented nanoscale light manipulations by integrating metasurfaces on the fibre tips, becoming an emerging light-coupling platform for both the nanoscience and fibre optics communities. Current metafibers remain proof-of-concept demonstrations that mostly explore isolated bare fibres owing to the lack of standard interfaces with universal fibre networks. Here, we develop methodologies for fabricating well-defined plasmonic metasurfaces directly on the end facets of commercial single -mode fibre jumpers using standard planar technologies and provide the first demonstration of their practical applications in the nonlinear plasmonic regime. Featuring plug-and-play connections with fibre circuitry and arbitrary metasurface landscapes, the metafibers with tunable plasmonic resonances are implemented into fibre laser cavities, yielding all-fibre sub-picosecond (minimum 513 fs) soliton mode locked lasers at optical wavelengths of 1.5 𝜇𝑚 and 2 𝜇𝑚 , demonstrating their unusual polarimetric nonlinear transfer functions and superior saturation absorption responses. The nanofabrication process flow is compatible with existing cleanroom technologies, offering metafibers an avenue to become a regular member of functionalised fibre components. This work paves the way toward the next generation of ultrafast lasers, optical frequency combs, and ultracompact ‘all-in-fibre’ optical systems.
{"title":"‘Plug-and-play’ plasmonic metafibers for ultrafast fibre lasers","authors":"Lei Zhang, Huiru Zhang, Ni Tang, Xiren Chen, Fengjiang Liu, Xiaoyu Sun, Hongyan Yu, Xinyu Sun, Qiannan Jia, Boqu Chen, B. Cluzel, P. Grelu, A. Coillet, Feng Qiu, Lei Ying, W. Sha, Xiaofeng Liu, Jianrong Qiu, Ding Zhao, Wei Yan, Duanduan Wu, Xiang Shen, Jiyong Wang, Min Qiu","doi":"10.37188/lam.2022.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2022.045","url":null,"abstract":"Metafibers expand the functionalities of conventional optical fibres to unprecedented nanoscale light manipulations by integrating metasurfaces on the fibre tips, becoming an emerging light-coupling platform for both the nanoscience and fibre optics communities. Current metafibers remain proof-of-concept demonstrations that mostly explore isolated bare fibres owing to the lack of standard interfaces with universal fibre networks. Here, we develop methodologies for fabricating well-defined plasmonic metasurfaces directly on the end facets of commercial single -mode fibre jumpers using standard planar technologies and provide the first demonstration of their practical applications in the nonlinear plasmonic regime. Featuring plug-and-play connections with fibre circuitry and arbitrary metasurface landscapes, the metafibers with tunable plasmonic resonances are implemented into fibre laser cavities, yielding all-fibre sub-picosecond (minimum 513 fs) soliton mode locked lasers at optical wavelengths of 1.5 𝜇𝑚 and 2 𝜇𝑚 , demonstrating their unusual polarimetric nonlinear transfer functions and superior saturation absorption responses. The nanofabrication process flow is compatible with existing cleanroom technologies, offering metafibers an avenue to become a regular member of functionalised fibre components. This work paves the way toward the next generation of ultrafast lasers, optical frequency combs, and ultracompact ‘all-in-fibre’ optical systems.","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":"16 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41270187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two major fields of study in optics—holography and interferometry—have developed at times independently and at other times together. The two methods share the principle of holistically recording as an intensity pattern the magnitude and phase distribution of a light wave, but they can differ significantly in how these recordings are formed and interpreted. Here we review seven specific developments, ranging from data acquisition to fundamental imaging theory in three dimensions, that illustrate the synergistic developments of holography and interferometry. A clear trend emerges, of increasing reliance of these two fields on a common trajectory of enhancements and improvements.
{"title":"Contributions of holography to the advancement of interferometric measurements of surface topography","authors":"P. D. de Groot, L. Deck, Rong Su, W. Osten","doi":"10.37188/lam.2022.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2022.007","url":null,"abstract":"Two major fields of study in optics—holography and interferometry—have developed at times independently and at other times together. The two methods share the principle of holistically recording as an intensity pattern the magnitude and phase distribution of a light wave, but they can differ significantly in how these recordings are formed and interpreted. Here we review seven specific developments, ranging from data acquisition to fundamental imaging theory in three dimensions, that illustrate the synergistic developments of holography and interferometry. A clear trend emerges, of increasing reliance of these two fields on a common trajectory of enhancements and improvements.","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69983382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Schelkens, Ayyoub Ahar, Antonin Gilles, R. K. Muhamad, T. Naughton, C. Perra, António M. G. Pinheiro, Piotr Stępień, M. Kujawińska
While 60 years of successful application of holography is celebrated in this special issue, efficient representation and compression of holographic data has received relatively little attention in research. Notwithstanding this observation, and particularly due to the digitization that is also penetrating the holographic domain, interest is growing on how to efficiently compress holographic data such that interactive exchange of content, as well as digital storage can be facilitated proficiently. This is a particular challenge, not only because of its interferometric nature and the various representation formats, but also the often extremely large data volumes involved in pathological, tomographic, or high-end visualization applications. In this paper, we provide an overview of the state of the art in compression techniques and corresponding quality metrics for various practical applications in digital holography. We also consider the future by analyzing the emerging trends for addressing the key challenges in this domain.
{"title":"Compression strategies for digital holograms in biomedical and multimedia applications","authors":"P. Schelkens, Ayyoub Ahar, Antonin Gilles, R. K. Muhamad, T. Naughton, C. Perra, António M. G. Pinheiro, Piotr Stępień, M. Kujawińska","doi":"10.37188/lam.2022.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2022.040","url":null,"abstract":"While 60 years of successful application of holography is celebrated in this special issue, efficient representation and compression of holographic data has received relatively little attention in research. Notwithstanding this observation, and particularly due to the digitization that is also penetrating the holographic domain, interest is growing on how to efficiently compress holographic data such that interactive exchange of content, as well as digital storage can be facilitated proficiently. This is a particular challenge, not only because of its interferometric nature and the various representation formats, but also the often extremely large data volumes involved in pathological, tomographic, or high-end visualization applications. In this paper, we provide an overview of the state of the art in compression techniques and corresponding quality metrics for various practical applications in digital holography. We also consider the future by analyzing the emerging trends for addressing the key challenges in this domain.","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69983877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian Schober, R. Beisswanger, Antonia Gronle, C. Pruss, W. Osten
Tilted Wave Fizeau Interferometer for flexible and robust asphere and freeform testing. Abstract Tilted Wave Interferometry (TWI) is a measurement technique for fast and flexible interferometric testing of aspheres and freeform surfaces. The first version of the tilted wave principle was implemented in a Twyman-Green type setup with separate reference arm, which is intrinsically susceptible to environmentally induced phase disturbances. In this contribution we present the TWI in a new robust common-path (Fizeau) configuration. The implementation of the Tilted Wave Fizeau Interferometer requires a new approach in illumination, calibration and evaluation. Measurements of two aspheres and a freeform surface show the flexibility and also the increased stability in both phase raw data and surface measurements, which leads to a reduced repeatability up to a factor of three. The novel configuration significantly relaxes the tolerances of the imaging optics used in the interferometer. We demonstrate this using simulations on calibration measurements, where we see an improvement of one order of magnitude compared to the classical Twyman-Green TWI approach and the capability to compensate higher order error contributions on the used optics. for the calibration of a nominal model. To investigate the calibration errors virtual measurements of a surface are evaluated with this models and compared.
{"title":"Tilted Wave Fizeau Interferometer for flexible and robust asphere and freeform testing","authors":"Christian Schober, R. Beisswanger, Antonia Gronle, C. Pruss, W. Osten","doi":"10.37188/lam.2022.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2022.048","url":null,"abstract":"Tilted Wave Fizeau Interferometer for flexible and robust asphere and freeform testing. Abstract Tilted Wave Interferometry (TWI) is a measurement technique for fast and flexible interferometric testing of aspheres and freeform surfaces. The first version of the tilted wave principle was implemented in a Twyman-Green type setup with separate reference arm, which is intrinsically susceptible to environmentally induced phase disturbances. In this contribution we present the TWI in a new robust common-path (Fizeau) configuration. The implementation of the Tilted Wave Fizeau Interferometer requires a new approach in illumination, calibration and evaluation. Measurements of two aspheres and a freeform surface show the flexibility and also the increased stability in both phase raw data and surface measurements, which leads to a reduced repeatability up to a factor of three. The novel configuration significantly relaxes the tolerances of the imaging optics used in the interferometer. We demonstrate this using simulations on calibration measurements, where we see an improvement of one order of magnitude compared to the classical Twyman-Green TWI approach and the capability to compensate higher order error contributions on the used optics. for the calibration of a nominal model. To investigate the calibration errors virtual measurements of a surface are evaluated with this models and compared.","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69984007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Chu, Xinghu Fu, Yanhua Luo, J. Canning, Jiaying Wang, Jing Ren, Jianzhong Zhang, G. Peng
Dear Editor Silica optical fibers have attracted a lot of attention because they are widely used in communications and sensing, and forming today’s internet backbone. Driving much of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) evolution, optical fibers are expanding from a single function transmission technology to perform multiple functions and a growing need for various custom-design application-specific optical fibers. Current optical fiber manufacturing based on chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technologies together with stack-and-draw approaches used for structured optical fibers faces numerous challenges in enabling more complex geometries multimaterial composite fibers and multicore fibers. The additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, offers a solution to address all those challenges, and may potentially disrupt the optical fibers fabrication and bring in an evolution to IoT. The additive manufacture of optical fiber preforms and optical fiber has recently been proposed and demonstrated. A key challenge of 3D printing-based silica optical fibers is the high processing temperatures of silica glass that conventional top down approaches demand. For this reason, we exploited and extended recent reports of small-scale glass “bulk or slice ” printing beyond a few millimeters to centimeters to demonstrate it was possible to additively manufacture optical fibers. Further, various active dopants were introduced. These include oxides and ions of bismuth and erbium to create additively manufactured bismuth and erbium co-doped optical fiber (BEDF). These fibers are known to have an ultra-broadband near infrared (NIR) luminescence covering the whole telecommunications O-L bands with 830 nm pump excitation, potentially appearing to be a promising active medium of fiber amplifiers for the next generation of fiber communication system. In this letter, we report BEDFs with one and seven cores drawn from 3D printed preforms. The capability of 3D printing technology to produce complex and arbitrary fiber structures was demonstrated without the necessary timeconsuming separation and integration processes involved in the traditional preform manufacture. In addition, a range of dopants, namely Bi, Er, Ge, Ti and Al are introduced, further proving its diverse materials manufacturing capability. Care is needed in adjusting drawing conditions and method as the number of cores increases, leading to effective lower melting points in the preform. As reported in ref. 16, the fabrication of 3D printed preforms involved five steps: (1) preparing UV sensitive resin embedded with amorphous silica nanoparticles; (2) printing designed preform utilizing a commercial DLP 3D printer; (3) filling the prepared resin into the holes of the
二氧化硅光纤因其在通信和传感领域的广泛应用而备受关注，并构成了当今互联网的支柱。在推动物联网(IoT)发展的同时，光纤正在从单一功能传输技术扩展到执行多种功能，并且对各种定制设计的特定应用光纤的需求也在不断增长。目前，基于化学气相沉积(CVD)技术和用于结构光纤的堆叠-拉伸方法的光纤制造在实现更复杂几何形状的多材料复合光纤和多芯光纤方面面临着许多挑战。增材制造或3D打印提供了解决所有这些挑战的解决方案，并且可能会破坏光纤制造并为物联网带来发展。近年来，人们提出并论证了光纤预制棒和光纤的增材制造。基于3D打印的二氧化硅光纤的一个关键挑战是传统的自上而下方法所要求的二氧化硅玻璃的高加工温度。出于这个原因，我们利用并扩展了最近关于小规模玻璃“大块或切片”打印的报道，其范围超过几毫米到几厘米，以证明增材制造光纤是可能的。此外，还介绍了各种活性掺杂剂。这些包括铋和铒的氧化物和离子，以创建增材制造的铋和铒共掺光纤(BEDF)。已知这些光纤具有覆盖整个电信O-L波段的超宽带近红外(NIR)发光，具有830nm泵浦激发，可能成为下一代光纤通信系统中光纤放大器的有前途的有源介质。在这封信中，我们报告了从3D打印预成型中提取的具有一个和七个核心的bedf。3D打印技术能够生产复杂和任意纤维结构，而无需传统预制棒制造中必要的耗时分离和集成过程。此外，还引入了Bi, Er, Ge, Ti和Al等一系列掺杂剂，进一步证明了其多样化的材料制造能力。当芯的数量增加时，在调整拉拔条件和方法时需要小心，这将导致预成形中的熔点有效降低。据文献16报道，3D打印预制体的制造涉及五个步骤:(1)制备嵌入无定形二氧化硅纳米颗粒的紫外敏感树脂;(2)利用商用DLP 3D打印机打印设计的预制件;(3)将配制好的树脂填入孔内
{"title":"Additive Manufacturing Fiber Preforms for Structured Silica Fibers with Bismuth and Erbium Dopants","authors":"Y. Chu, Xinghu Fu, Yanhua Luo, J. Canning, Jiaying Wang, Jing Ren, Jianzhong Zhang, G. Peng","doi":"10.37188/lam.2022.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2022.021","url":null,"abstract":"Dear Editor Silica optical fibers have attracted a lot of attention because they are widely used in communications and sensing, and forming today’s internet backbone. Driving much of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) evolution, optical fibers are expanding from a single function transmission technology to perform multiple functions and a growing need for various custom-design application-specific optical fibers. Current optical fiber manufacturing based on chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technologies together with stack-and-draw approaches used for structured optical fibers faces numerous challenges in enabling more complex geometries multimaterial composite fibers and multicore fibers. The additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, offers a solution to address all those challenges, and may potentially disrupt the optical fibers fabrication and bring in an evolution to IoT. The additive manufacture of optical fiber preforms and optical fiber has recently been proposed and demonstrated. A key challenge of 3D printing-based silica optical fibers is the high processing temperatures of silica glass that conventional top down approaches demand. For this reason, we exploited and extended recent reports of small-scale glass “bulk or slice ” printing beyond a few millimeters to centimeters to demonstrate it was possible to additively manufacture optical fibers. Further, various active dopants were introduced. These include oxides and ions of bismuth and erbium to create additively manufactured bismuth and erbium co-doped optical fiber (BEDF). These fibers are known to have an ultra-broadband near infrared (NIR) luminescence covering the whole telecommunications O-L bands with 830 nm pump excitation, potentially appearing to be a promising active medium of fiber amplifiers for the next generation of fiber communication system. In this letter, we report BEDFs with one and seven cores drawn from 3D printed preforms. The capability of 3D printing technology to produce complex and arbitrary fiber structures was demonstrated without the necessary timeconsuming separation and integration processes involved in the traditional preform manufacture. In addition, a range of dopants, namely Bi, Er, Ge, Ti and Al are introduced, further proving its diverse materials manufacturing capability. Care is needed in adjusting drawing conditions and method as the number of cores increases, leading to effective lower melting points in the preform. As reported in ref. 16, the fabrication of 3D printed preforms involved five steps: (1) preparing UV sensitive resin embedded with amorphous silica nanoparticles; (2) printing designed preform utilizing a commercial DLP 3D printer; (3) filling the prepared resin into the holes of the","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69983301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the explosive growth of mathematical optimization and computing hardware, deep neural networks (DNN) have become tremendously powerful tools to solve many challenging problems in various fields, ranging from decision making to computational imaging and holography. In this manuscript, I focus on the prosperous interactions between DNN and holography. On the one hand, DNN has been demonstrated to be in particular proficient for holographic reconstruction and computer-generated holography almost in every aspect. On the other hand, holography is an enabling tool for the optical implementation of DNN the other way around owing to the capability of interconnection and light speed processing in parallel. The purpose of this article is to give a comprehensive literature review on the recent progress of deep holography , an emerging interdisciplinary research field that is mutually inspired by holography and DNN. I first give a brief overview of the basic theory and architectures of DNN, and then discuss some of the most important progresses of deep holography. I hope that the present unified exposition will stimulate further development in this promising and exciting field of research.
{"title":"Deep holography","authors":"G. Situ","doi":"10.37188/lam.2022.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2022.013","url":null,"abstract":"With the explosive growth of mathematical optimization and computing hardware, deep neural networks (DNN) have become tremendously powerful tools to solve many challenging problems in various fields, ranging from decision making to computational imaging and holography. In this manuscript, I focus on the prosperous interactions between DNN and holography. On the one hand, DNN has been demonstrated to be in particular proficient for holographic reconstruction and computer-generated holography almost in every aspect. On the other hand, holography is an enabling tool for the optical implementation of DNN the other way around owing to the capability of interconnection and light speed processing in parallel. The purpose of this article is to give a comprehensive literature review on the recent progress of deep holography , an emerging interdisciplinary research field that is mutually inspired by holography and DNN. I first give a brief overview of the basic theory and architectures of DNN, and then discuss some of the most important progresses of deep holography. I hope that the present unified exposition will stimulate further development in this promising and exciting field of research.","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69983546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recording and (computational) processing of complex wave fields offer a vast realm of new methods for optical 3D metrology. We discuss fundamental similarities and differences between holographic surface topography measurement and non-holographic principles, such as triangulation, classical interferometry, rough surface interferometry, and slope measuring methods. Key features are the physical origin of the ultimate uncertainty limit and how the topographic information is encoded and decoded. Besides the theoretical insight, the discussion will help optical metrologists to determine if their measurement results could be improved or have already hit the ultimate limit of what physics allows.
{"title":"Reflections about the holographic and non-holographic acquisition of surface topography: where are the limits?","authors":"G. Häusler, F. Willomitzer","doi":"10.37188/lam.2022.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2022.025","url":null,"abstract":"Recording and (computational) processing of complex wave fields offer a vast realm of new methods for optical 3D metrology. We discuss fundamental similarities and differences between holographic surface topography measurement and non-holographic principles, such as triangulation, classical interferometry, rough surface interferometry, and slope measuring methods. Key features are the physical origin of the ultimate uncertainty limit and how the topographic information is encoded and decoded. Besides the theoretical insight, the discussion will help optical metrologists to determine if their measurement results could be improved or have already hit the ultimate limit of what physics allows.","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69983417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Near-eye displays are the main platform devices for many augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) applications. As a wearable device, a near-eye display should have a compact form factor and be lightweight. Furthermore, a large field of view and sufficient eyebox are crucial for immersive viewing conditions. Natural three-dimensional (3D) image presentation with proper focus cues is another requirement that enables a comfortable viewing experience and natural user interaction. Finally, in the case of AR, the device should allow for an optical see-through view of the real world. Conventional bulk optics and twodimensional display panels exhibit clear limitations when implementing these requirements. Holographic techniques have been applied to near-eye displays in various aspects to overcome the limitations of conventional optics. The wavefront reconstruction capability of holographic techniques has been extensively exploited to develop optical see-through 3D holographic near-eye displays of glass-like form factors. In this article, the application of holographic techniques to AR and VR near-eye displays is reviewed. Various applications are introduced, such as static holographic optical components and dynamic holographic display devices. Current issues and recent progress are also reviewed, providing a comprehensive overview of holographic techniques that are applied to AR and VR near-eye displays.
{"title":"Holographic techniques for augmented reality and virtual reality near-eye displays","authors":"Jae-Hyeung Park, Byoun-gkil Lee","doi":"10.37188/lam.2022.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2022.009","url":null,"abstract":"Near-eye displays are the main platform devices for many augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) applications. As a wearable device, a near-eye display should have a compact form factor and be lightweight. Furthermore, a large field of view and sufficient eyebox are crucial for immersive viewing conditions. Natural three-dimensional (3D) image presentation with proper focus cues is another requirement that enables a comfortable viewing experience and natural user interaction. Finally, in the case of AR, the device should allow for an optical see-through view of the real world. Conventional bulk optics and twodimensional display panels exhibit clear limitations when implementing these requirements. Holographic techniques have been applied to near-eye displays in various aspects to overcome the limitations of conventional optics. The wavefront reconstruction capability of holographic techniques has been extensively exploited to develop optical see-through 3D holographic near-eye displays of glass-like form factors. In this article, the application of holographic techniques to AR and VR near-eye displays is reviewed. Various applications are introduced, such as static holographic optical components and dynamic holographic display devices. Current issues and recent progress are also reviewed, providing a comprehensive overview of holographic techniques that are applied to AR and VR near-eye displays.","PeriodicalId":56519,"journal":{"name":"光:先进制造(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69983435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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