Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053284
K. Hosseini, A. Kholodnykh, I. Petrova, R. Esenaliev, M. Motamedi
Understanding the influence of water content and its movement across the cornea as it relates to endothelial pump function could provide crucial information for detection and treatment of corneal diseases. The aim of the current study is to develop a non-contact technique for non-invasive assessment of the function and morphology of the cornea by determining the distribution of water within the cornea as well as the dynamic of cornea dehydration and rehydration following topical applications of dehydrating agents. An Optical Coherent Tomographic system was utilized to monitor the changes in cornea thickness and its optical properties in rabbit eyes in vivo following topical application of ophthalgan. The profile of scattering appears to correlate inversely on a qualitative basis with the hydration gradient across the cornea while exact and rapid measurements of the corneal thickness as function of time were quantified.
{"title":"Noninvasive and non-contact assessment of corneal hydration in real time using optical coherent tomography","authors":"K. Hosseini, A. Kholodnykh, I. Petrova, R. Esenaliev, M. Motamedi","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053284","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the influence of water content and its movement across the cornea as it relates to endothelial pump function could provide crucial information for detection and treatment of corneal diseases. The aim of the current study is to develop a non-contact technique for non-invasive assessment of the function and morphology of the cornea by determining the distribution of water within the cornea as well as the dynamic of cornea dehydration and rehydration following topical applications of dehydrating agents. An Optical Coherent Tomographic system was utilized to monitor the changes in cornea thickness and its optical properties in rabbit eyes in vivo following topical application of ophthalgan. The profile of scattering appears to correlate inversely on a qualitative basis with the hydration gradient across the cornea while exact and rapid measurements of the corneal thickness as function of time were quantified.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79423664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053277
T. Dai, J. Tunnell, B. Pikkula, D. Chang, B. Anvari
We have investigated the utilization of high incident fluence, long pulse laser irradiation in conjunction with cryogen spray cooling (CSC) on ex-vivo human skin. Abdominal skin samples of different types (Fitzpatrick type I-VI) were obtained from patients undergoing the trans-rectus myocutaneous flap procedures. Each skin type was irradiated with a Candela Vbeam/spl trade/ laser (wavelength /spl lambda/=595 nm) at incident dosages of D/sub /spl theta//=6, 10, 15, 20 J/cm/sup 2/, pulse durations of /spl tau//sub laser/=1.5, 10, 40 ms, without and with CSC. Preliminary results indicate that lightly pigmented skins can sustain higher incident fluence levels than those currently used in therapeutic settings. While the incident dosage of the laser pulse remains the same, longer pulse duration can decrease the degree of epidermal thermal injury.
{"title":"High incident fluence and long pulse laser irradiation in conjunction with cryogen spray cooling: an ex-vivo study","authors":"T. Dai, J. Tunnell, B. Pikkula, D. Chang, B. Anvari","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053277","url":null,"abstract":"We have investigated the utilization of high incident fluence, long pulse laser irradiation in conjunction with cryogen spray cooling (CSC) on ex-vivo human skin. Abdominal skin samples of different types (Fitzpatrick type I-VI) were obtained from patients undergoing the trans-rectus myocutaneous flap procedures. Each skin type was irradiated with a Candela Vbeam/spl trade/ laser (wavelength /spl lambda/=595 nm) at incident dosages of D/sub /spl theta//=6, 10, 15, 20 J/cm/sup 2/, pulse durations of /spl tau//sub laser/=1.5, 10, 40 ms, without and with CSC. Preliminary results indicate that lightly pigmented skins can sustain higher incident fluence levels than those currently used in therapeutic settings. While the incident dosage of the laser pulse remains the same, longer pulse duration can decrease the degree of epidermal thermal injury.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79244829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053278
J. Tunnell, L.H. Wang, B. Anvari
Increasing radiant exposures offer a means to increase laser treatment efficacy of cutaneous hypervascular malformations; however, excessive radiant exposure results in increased heat generation within the epidermis and collateral damage to perivascular tissue. Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) has been used to cool the skin surface during laser therapy. The purpose of this study was to develop a mathematical model of laser irradiated tissue to study the effects of laser heating of melanin in conjunction with CSC. Model predictions show that CSC can protect perivascular tissue as well as the epidermis in light to moderately pigmented skin; however, current CSC protocols are not effective in preventing epidermal injury in dark skin.
{"title":"Increased radiant exposures during cutaneous laser therapy: a mathematical model based on histology","authors":"J. Tunnell, L.H. Wang, B. Anvari","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053278","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing radiant exposures offer a means to increase laser treatment efficacy of cutaneous hypervascular malformations; however, excessive radiant exposure results in increased heat generation within the epidermis and collateral damage to perivascular tissue. Cryogen spray cooling (CSC) has been used to cool the skin surface during laser therapy. The purpose of this study was to develop a mathematical model of laser irradiated tissue to study the effects of laser heating of melanin in conjunction with CSC. Model predictions show that CSC can protect perivascular tissue as well as the epidermis in light to moderately pigmented skin; however, current CSC protocols are not effective in preventing epidermal injury in dark skin.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90118931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1137058
J. Guan, M. Sacks, W. Wagner
For mechanically demanding applications in tissue engineering an ideal scaffold might possess high elastance and strength together with controllable biodegradative and cell adhesive properties. Toward this end, we have synthesized a biodegradable poly(ester-urethane)urea (PEUU) from polycaprolactone and 1,4-diisocyanatobutane, with putrescine used as a chain extender. Porous PEUU scaffolds were created by thermally induced phase separation of a polymer/solvent mixture. The formed scaffolds had open and interconnected pores with pore sizes ranging from several microns to 100 microns and porosities of 80-94%. The scaffolds were flexible with breaking strains greater than 210% and tensile strengths on the order of 1 MPa. The biodegradation rate of PEUU scaffolds was dependent on pore morphology and porosity with the highest weight loss being 21% over 8 weeks. For cellular ingrowth studies, scaffolds were modified with radio frequency glow discharge followed by surface coupling of RGDS peptide. Smooth muscle cells were cultured on scaffolds with and without adhesion peptide treatment. Cells penetrated deeper and distributed more uniformly in RGDS-modified scaffolds than in unmodified scaffolds, and cell number was consistently higher over time in RGDS-modified scaffolds. In summary, these biodegradable PEUU scaffolds offer a platform that is compatible with mechanical training of cell/scaffold constructs. Such training may prove necessary in the development of functional tissues for the cardiovascular system.
{"title":"Development of a highly porous, flexible and biodegradable poly(ester urethane)urea scaffold for tissue engineering","authors":"J. Guan, M. Sacks, W. Wagner","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1137058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1137058","url":null,"abstract":"For mechanically demanding applications in tissue engineering an ideal scaffold might possess high elastance and strength together with controllable biodegradative and cell adhesive properties. Toward this end, we have synthesized a biodegradable poly(ester-urethane)urea (PEUU) from polycaprolactone and 1,4-diisocyanatobutane, with putrescine used as a chain extender. Porous PEUU scaffolds were created by thermally induced phase separation of a polymer/solvent mixture. The formed scaffolds had open and interconnected pores with pore sizes ranging from several microns to 100 microns and porosities of 80-94%. The scaffolds were flexible with breaking strains greater than 210% and tensile strengths on the order of 1 MPa. The biodegradation rate of PEUU scaffolds was dependent on pore morphology and porosity with the highest weight loss being 21% over 8 weeks. For cellular ingrowth studies, scaffolds were modified with radio frequency glow discharge followed by surface coupling of RGDS peptide. Smooth muscle cells were cultured on scaffolds with and without adhesion peptide treatment. Cells penetrated deeper and distributed more uniformly in RGDS-modified scaffolds than in unmodified scaffolds, and cell number was consistently higher over time in RGDS-modified scaffolds. In summary, these biodegradable PEUU scaffolds offer a platform that is compatible with mechanical training of cell/scaffold constructs. Such training may prove necessary in the development of functional tissues for the cardiovascular system.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77796935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053369
M. Mirbagheri, R. Harvey, W. Rymer
A parallel-cascade system identification technique was used to measure dynamic elbow stiffness in hemiparetic stroke subjects. Modulation of intrinsic and reflex stiffness of elbow flexor muscles was studied by applying perturbations to the elbow at different initial joint angles with subjects' muscles relaxed. Intrinsic stiffness increased smoothly from mid-flexion to mid-extension and increased sharply at the extreme range of motion in both spastic and contralateral (control) sides. However, intrinsic stiffness was significantly larger in spastic than control side. Reflex stiffness increased monotonically from full flexion to mid-extension then decreased at full extension in both sides. However, reflex stiffness was significantly larger on the spastic than control side; the difference reached its maximum at the middle of elbow extension. The intrinsic stiffness estimates were consistent in all stroke subjects, whereas enhanced reflex stiffness was significant in only a portion of the stroke cohort. These findings suggest that enhanced intrinsic stiffness of passive tissues is a major mechanical abnormality in stroke subjects.
{"title":"Mechanical properties of the elbow joint in spastic hemiparetic stroke subjects","authors":"M. Mirbagheri, R. Harvey, W. Rymer","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053369","url":null,"abstract":"A parallel-cascade system identification technique was used to measure dynamic elbow stiffness in hemiparetic stroke subjects. Modulation of intrinsic and reflex stiffness of elbow flexor muscles was studied by applying perturbations to the elbow at different initial joint angles with subjects' muscles relaxed. Intrinsic stiffness increased smoothly from mid-flexion to mid-extension and increased sharply at the extreme range of motion in both spastic and contralateral (control) sides. However, intrinsic stiffness was significantly larger in spastic than control side. Reflex stiffness increased monotonically from full flexion to mid-extension then decreased at full extension in both sides. However, reflex stiffness was significantly larger on the spastic than control side; the difference reached its maximum at the middle of elbow extension. The intrinsic stiffness estimates were consistent in all stroke subjects, whereas enhanced reflex stiffness was significant in only a portion of the stroke cohort. These findings suggest that enhanced intrinsic stiffness of passive tissues is a major mechanical abnormality in stroke subjects.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76818758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1136917
Y. Ivanova, B. Evers, R. Thomas, T.V. Ashitkov, R. Esenaliev
Penetration of macromolecular anti-cancer agents from blood into tumor cells is poor due to the physiological barriers: tumor capillary wall, interstitium, and cancer cell membrane. We proposed to use laser- or ultrasound-induced cavitation to enhance anti-cancer drug delivery through these barriers. Interaction of ultrasound with exogenous nanoparticles with certain acoustic properties may provide cavitation selectively in tumors and, therefore, may provide safe and efficient delivery of anti-cancer drugs in cancer cells without damage to normal tissues. In this paper, we studied enhanced delivery of model macromolecular anti-cancer drugs with ultrasound-induced cavitation in mice bearing human colon (KM20) and breast (MCF-7) tumors. Fluorescent rhodamine-dextrans of different molecular weight (10, 70, and 2,000 kDa) served as model drugs simulating antisense oligonucleotides, antibodies, and genes, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining of tumor vasculature with CD31 was used to visualize tumor blood vessels. Our studies demonstrated enhanced penetration of the drugs from blood vessels into tumor interstitium when ultrasound was applied in combination with polymer nanoparticle injections. Our results suggest that this drug delivery technique can potentially be used for efficient cancer chemo- and biotherapy.
{"title":"Nanoparticles and ultrasound for delivery of model macromolecular anti-cancer drugs in tumors","authors":"Y. Ivanova, B. Evers, R. Thomas, T.V. Ashitkov, R. Esenaliev","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1136917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1136917","url":null,"abstract":"Penetration of macromolecular anti-cancer agents from blood into tumor cells is poor due to the physiological barriers: tumor capillary wall, interstitium, and cancer cell membrane. We proposed to use laser- or ultrasound-induced cavitation to enhance anti-cancer drug delivery through these barriers. Interaction of ultrasound with exogenous nanoparticles with certain acoustic properties may provide cavitation selectively in tumors and, therefore, may provide safe and efficient delivery of anti-cancer drugs in cancer cells without damage to normal tissues. In this paper, we studied enhanced delivery of model macromolecular anti-cancer drugs with ultrasound-induced cavitation in mice bearing human colon (KM20) and breast (MCF-7) tumors. Fluorescent rhodamine-dextrans of different molecular weight (10, 70, and 2,000 kDa) served as model drugs simulating antisense oligonucleotides, antibodies, and genes, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining of tumor vasculature with CD31 was used to visualize tumor blood vessels. Our studies demonstrated enhanced penetration of the drugs from blood vessels into tumor interstitium when ultrasound was applied in combination with polymer nanoparticle injections. Our results suggest that this drug delivery technique can potentially be used for efficient cancer chemo- and biotherapy.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82548006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1137068
Y. H. Kang, B. Dwarakanath, F. Berthiaume, M. Yarmush
The construction of a tissue engineered liver requires the ready availability of an immunocompatible cell source capable of replacing lost physiological functions. Primary autologous hepatocytes would be an ideal choice for such a device; however, it is not yet known how to induce proliferation of these cells in vitro. We investigated the effect of culture medium containing known liver regeneration factors (HGF, EGF, VEGF, IL-6) pre-conditioned by culture with nonparenchymal cells (NPCs) on the proliferation of primary hepatocytes in collagen sandwich culture. Morphological evidence indicated an increase in the density of hepatocytes when supplemented with proliferation factor-conditioned NPC media.
{"title":"In vitro primary hepatocyte proliferation with nonparenchymal liver cell activation","authors":"Y. H. Kang, B. Dwarakanath, F. Berthiaume, M. Yarmush","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1137068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1137068","url":null,"abstract":"The construction of a tissue engineered liver requires the ready availability of an immunocompatible cell source capable of replacing lost physiological functions. Primary autologous hepatocytes would be an ideal choice for such a device; however, it is not yet known how to induce proliferation of these cells in vitro. We investigated the effect of culture medium containing known liver regeneration factors (HGF, EGF, VEGF, IL-6) pre-conditioned by culture with nonparenchymal cells (NPCs) on the proliferation of primary hepatocytes in collagen sandwich culture. Morphological evidence indicated an increase in the density of hepatocytes when supplemented with proliferation factor-conditioned NPC media.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84279008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106529
H. Schneider, S. Patil, E. Gladmon, S. Haeussler, M. Wagner, P.L. Smith, A. Schwartz
We hypothesized that normal individuals can be distinguished on the basis of specific respiratory phenotypes during sleep that determine one's susceptibility to the development of obstructive sleep apnea. To test this hypothesis, methods have been developed to 1) rapidly assess baseline upper airway and respiratory timing characteristics and compensatory responses in these parameters to experimentally induced upper airway obstruction during sleep in normal individuals, and 2) automate the detection of the respiratory pattern and the presence of flow limitation during these experimentally induced upper airway obstructions. We demonstrated that: (1) marked variability in the responses to upper airway obstruction exist among normal individuals, and that (2) upper airway collapsibility (critical pressure) is modulated dynamically by a number of reflex neuromuscular responses triggered by breathing through an obstructed upper airway. Moreover, (3) our methods allowed us to assess the relative strength of compensatory neuromuscular responses to upper airway obstruction in normal individuals. Our findings indicate that the normal individual's susceptibility to the development of upper airway obstruction during sleep is determined by the passive upper airway properties and/or by a lack of vigorous compensatory neuromuscular responses.
{"title":"Automated detection of respiratory phenotypes during sleep","authors":"H. Schneider, S. Patil, E. Gladmon, S. Haeussler, M. Wagner, P.L. Smith, A. Schwartz","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106529","url":null,"abstract":"We hypothesized that normal individuals can be distinguished on the basis of specific respiratory phenotypes during sleep that determine one's susceptibility to the development of obstructive sleep apnea. To test this hypothesis, methods have been developed to 1) rapidly assess baseline upper airway and respiratory timing characteristics and compensatory responses in these parameters to experimentally induced upper airway obstruction during sleep in normal individuals, and 2) automate the detection of the respiratory pattern and the presence of flow limitation during these experimentally induced upper airway obstructions. We demonstrated that: (1) marked variability in the responses to upper airway obstruction exist among normal individuals, and that (2) upper airway collapsibility (critical pressure) is modulated dynamically by a number of reflex neuromuscular responses triggered by breathing through an obstructed upper airway. Moreover, (3) our methods allowed us to assess the relative strength of compensatory neuromuscular responses to upper airway obstruction in normal individuals. Our findings indicate that the normal individual's susceptibility to the development of upper airway obstruction during sleep is determined by the passive upper airway properties and/or by a lack of vigorous compensatory neuromuscular responses.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83240998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106545
Hao Ying, C. A. Bonnerup, Robert A. Kirschner, D. Deyo, Michael W. Michell, George C. Kramer
Fluid therapy of severe hemorrhage and trauma can be life saving, but can also be life threatening if the volume delivered is either inadequate or excessive. Unfortunately, expert caregivers often do not have the time to focus on controlling fluid infusion rate due to the necessity of dealing with other critical tasks. We describe an automated closed-loop resuscitation system that uses a fuzzy logic controller to adjust infusion rate based on arterial pressure. The system was used to successfully resuscitate hemorrhaged sheep.
{"title":"Closed-loop fuzzy control of resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock in sheep","authors":"Hao Ying, C. A. Bonnerup, Robert A. Kirschner, D. Deyo, Michael W. Michell, George C. Kramer","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106545","url":null,"abstract":"Fluid therapy of severe hemorrhage and trauma can be life saving, but can also be life threatening if the volume delivered is either inadequate or excessive. Unfortunately, expert caregivers often do not have the time to focus on controlling fluid infusion rate due to the necessity of dealing with other critical tasks. We describe an automated closed-loop resuscitation system that uses a fuzzy logic controller to adjust infusion rate based on arterial pressure. The system was used to successfully resuscitate hemorrhaged sheep.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84080092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106546
T. Suzuki, M. Mitsui, T. Isoyama, I. Saito, A. Wagatsuma, M. Ohkura, T. Chinzei, K. Imachi, K. Mabuchi
In order to realize an artificial heart system capable of being controlled by autonomic nervous signals, we have studied the methods of long-term stable recording of autonomic nervous signals as well as methods to control an artificial heart by these signals. In this study, we have focused on algorithms to generate the control commands to an artificial heart system from recorded neural signals. We have chronically recorded signals from a goat's cardiac sympathetic nerve and vagal nerve and circulation parameters such as aortic pressure, and results of the analysis of these signals showed the feasibility of the neural control of artificial heart systems.
{"title":"Analysis of chronically recorded autonomic nerve signals for the control of artificial heart systems","authors":"T. Suzuki, M. Mitsui, T. Isoyama, I. Saito, A. Wagatsuma, M. Ohkura, T. Chinzei, K. Imachi, K. Mabuchi","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106546","url":null,"abstract":"In order to realize an artificial heart system capable of being controlled by autonomic nervous signals, we have studied the methods of long-term stable recording of autonomic nervous signals as well as methods to control an artificial heart by these signals. In this study, we have focused on algorithms to generate the control commands to an artificial heart system from recorded neural signals. We have chronically recorded signals from a goat's cardiac sympathetic nerve and vagal nerve and circulation parameters such as aortic pressure, and results of the analysis of these signals showed the feasibility of the neural control of artificial heart systems.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85058434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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