Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106249
R. Lazebnik, D. Wilson, M. Breen, J. Lewin
We created a method for 3D registration of medical scanner image volumes to gross pathology images. We are applying it to evaluate interventional MRI thermal ablation and in vivo localized drug release from a new device, implanted using CT guidance. The method computes an optimum set of rigid body registration parameters by iterative minimization of the Euclidean distances between automatically generated correspondence points, along manually selected fiducial needle paths, and optional point landmarks. Voxel displacement errors depend only on needle localization error when the angle between needles was at least 15 degrees, and the distance objective function is a useful diagnostic for registration quality.
{"title":"3D registration of medical scanner volumes and tissue section photographs for evaluation of image-guided treatment","authors":"R. Lazebnik, D. Wilson, M. Breen, J. Lewin","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106249","url":null,"abstract":"We created a method for 3D registration of medical scanner image volumes to gross pathology images. We are applying it to evaluate interventional MRI thermal ablation and in vivo localized drug release from a new device, implanted using CT guidance. The method computes an optimum set of rigid body registration parameters by iterative minimization of the Euclidean distances between automatically generated correspondence points, along manually selected fiducial needle paths, and optional point landmarks. Voxel displacement errors depend only on needle localization error when the angle between needles was at least 15 degrees, and the distance objective function is a useful diagnostic for registration quality.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79061830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106439
W. Besio, P. Tarjan
Four digital filtering techniques were evaluated to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of directly obtained Laplacian electrograms (LECG), which were bandpass filtered before analog to digital conversion. The moment of activation (MOA) in the LECG was detected to create isochronal body surface maps, which show activation patterns. Unprocessed atrial LECG activity coincided with P-waves in the Lead II ECG (L2). Partial atrial flutter activation patterns were also constructed. The LECG system promises to reveal underlying cardiac activation patterns, including those of the atria, which are far less prominent than those from the ventricles.
{"title":"Filtering of surface Laplacian electrocardiograms from humans to produce atrial activation patterns","authors":"W. Besio, P. Tarjan","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106439","url":null,"abstract":"Four digital filtering techniques were evaluated to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of directly obtained Laplacian electrograms (LECG), which were bandpass filtered before analog to digital conversion. The moment of activation (MOA) in the LECG was detected to create isochronal body surface maps, which show activation patterns. Unprocessed atrial LECG activity coincided with P-waves in the Lead II ECG (L2). Partial atrial flutter activation patterns were also constructed. The LECG system promises to reveal underlying cardiac activation patterns, including those of the atria, which are far less prominent than those from the ventricles.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79912724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106409
T. Barton-Scott, G. Drzewiecki
A vessel segment was terminated with a section of artery subjected to near zero transmural pressure. The sinusoidal frequency response was determined by solving the resulting nonlinear differential equations. A bifurcation diagram shows that there are many different values of instantaneous resistance obtained. We suggest that the cause of this may be the observer's choice of steady state. A consistent definition for steady state in blood vessels could resolve this problem.
{"title":"Examining bifurcations in resistance of collapsible blood vessels","authors":"T. Barton-Scott, G. Drzewiecki","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106409","url":null,"abstract":"A vessel segment was terminated with a section of artery subjected to near zero transmural pressure. The sinusoidal frequency response was determined by solving the resulting nonlinear differential equations. A bifurcation diagram shows that there are many different values of instantaneous resistance obtained. We suggest that the cause of this may be the observer's choice of steady state. A consistent definition for steady state in blood vessels could resolve this problem.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76308617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1134524
D. Leckband, C. Johnson, R. A. Roberts, I. Fujimoto, B. Anderson, U. Rutishauser
The molecular mechanism of homophilic adhesion between neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) was investigated by direct force measurements. The force-distance profiles demonstrated that multiple domains are involved in adhesion. In addition, the effect of polysialylation on the interprotein forces provided insights into the molecular mechanism by which posttranslational modification regulates NCAM function.
{"title":"Using direct force measurements to determine the mechanism of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) function","authors":"D. Leckband, C. Johnson, R. A. Roberts, I. Fujimoto, B. Anderson, U. Rutishauser","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1134524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1134524","url":null,"abstract":"The molecular mechanism of homophilic adhesion between neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) was investigated by direct force measurements. The force-distance profiles demonstrated that multiple domains are involved in adhesion. In addition, the effect of polysialylation on the interprotein forces provided insights into the molecular mechanism by which posttranslational modification regulates NCAM function.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89241130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053120
B. He, J. Lian
We review the recent development in electrophysiological neuroimaging of brain activity by solving the inverse problem of electroencephalography (EEG). Different approaches to solve the EEG inverse problem have been reviewed, and the recent trend of multimodel integration for high-resolution neuroimaging has been discussed. Examples on electrophysiological neuroimaging are also be provided.
{"title":"Electrophysiological neuroimaging of brain activity","authors":"B. He, J. Lian","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053120","url":null,"abstract":"We review the recent development in electrophysiological neuroimaging of brain activity by solving the inverse problem of electroencephalography (EEG). Different approaches to solve the EEG inverse problem have been reviewed, and the recent trend of multimodel integration for high-resolution neuroimaging has been discussed. Examples on electrophysiological neuroimaging are also be provided.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79914718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053457
Weizhao Zhao, Chunyan Wu, Xiaodong Wu, R. Prado, P. Pattany
Exciting medical imaging technologies widely applicable to both clinical and basic science research have emerged over the last two decades and are crucially important to the biomedical engineering field. For undergraduate students, however, the "classroom-only" teaching style suffers from many limitations that make it difficult for students to gain a complete understanding of a particular system. In this university, we modified our existing medical imaging curriculum by associating a series of courses with research and clinical laboratories and formed an inherent medical imaging teaching program. We see that this program promotes students' interest to the subjects they are learning and enhances their understanding to medical imaging systems and applications.
{"title":"Learning medical imaging in classroom, virtual classroom and laboratory classroom","authors":"Weizhao Zhao, Chunyan Wu, Xiaodong Wu, R. Prado, P. Pattany","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053457","url":null,"abstract":"Exciting medical imaging technologies widely applicable to both clinical and basic science research have emerged over the last two decades and are crucially important to the biomedical engineering field. For undergraduate students, however, the \"classroom-only\" teaching style suffers from many limitations that make it difficult for students to gain a complete understanding of a particular system. In this university, we modified our existing medical imaging curriculum by associating a series of courses with research and clinical laboratories and formed an inherent medical imaging teaching program. We see that this program promotes students' interest to the subjects they are learning and enhances their understanding to medical imaging systems and applications.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84236579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106317
I. Pavlidis, J. Levine
Our group has been conducting advanced research in deception detection (DD) for the last three years. The conclusion from our effort is that facial thermal screening is a very promising method for DD. It can be used as an additional information channel to enhance traditional polygraph examination for investigative purposes. Because of the unique advantages of the method (non-invasive, real-time, and highly automated), it can also be used for mass screening in airport, border, and other critical checkpoints. Checkpoint agents are already asking travelers certain questions. A familiar example is the question: "Did you pack your own bags?" The difference under our proposal is that these questions will become much more meaningful and both an agent and a machine will evaluate the travelers' responses. The machine's recommendation will serve as an additional data point to the traveler's on-line record. Its weight will be commensurate with how well the machine proves itself in actual practice.
{"title":"Thermal facial screening for deception detection","authors":"I. Pavlidis, J. Levine","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1106317","url":null,"abstract":"Our group has been conducting advanced research in deception detection (DD) for the last three years. The conclusion from our effort is that facial thermal screening is a very promising method for DD. It can be used as an additional information channel to enhance traditional polygraph examination for investigative purposes. Because of the unique advantages of the method (non-invasive, real-time, and highly automated), it can also be used for mass screening in airport, border, and other critical checkpoints. Checkpoint agents are already asking travelers certain questions. A familiar example is the question: \"Did you pack your own bags?\" The difference under our proposal is that these questions will become much more meaningful and both an agent and a machine will evaluate the travelers' responses. The machine's recommendation will serve as an additional data point to the traveler's on-line record. Its weight will be commensurate with how well the machine proves itself in actual practice.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88870676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053416
R. P. Morris, K. Garges, R. Patterson, J. Yang, W. Buford, A. Muffoletto, J. Simmons
The purpose of the study is to investigate one of the factors that appear to be responsible for the high incidence of back pain and disability, inefficacious lumbar lordosis. It has been the observation of many back pain specialists that patients with back pain and disc problems have a decreased lumbar curvature; this has been presumed by some to be a result of muscle spasm, but by others as a cause of the primary malady. Six cadaver spinal segments were tested on a materials testing system (MTS) in varying degrees of lumbar curvature to see whether the curvature had an affect on stability with compression and rotation, the motions responsible for many back injuries. In all cases, increased lumbar lordosis correlated with increased stiffness, This correlation was at a maximum with respect to the spines tested, in the one with the least amount of osteopenia (estimated by radiographs and age of specimens). The results suggest that lumbar lordosis correlates with increased stiffness in cadaveric specimens. This study is ongoing and preliminary results suggest a larger sample size for the mechanical testing is needed for the study to be conclusive and statistically valid. Once that is achieved, the correlations and clinical significance can be determined.
{"title":"The affect of relative lordosis on dynamic torsional stability in the lumbar spine","authors":"R. P. Morris, K. Garges, R. Patterson, J. Yang, W. Buford, A. Muffoletto, J. Simmons","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053416","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to investigate one of the factors that appear to be responsible for the high incidence of back pain and disability, inefficacious lumbar lordosis. It has been the observation of many back pain specialists that patients with back pain and disc problems have a decreased lumbar curvature; this has been presumed by some to be a result of muscle spasm, but by others as a cause of the primary malady. Six cadaver spinal segments were tested on a materials testing system (MTS) in varying degrees of lumbar curvature to see whether the curvature had an affect on stability with compression and rotation, the motions responsible for many back injuries. In all cases, increased lumbar lordosis correlated with increased stiffness, This correlation was at a maximum with respect to the spines tested, in the one with the least amount of osteopenia (estimated by radiographs and age of specimens). The results suggest that lumbar lordosis correlates with increased stiffness in cadaveric specimens. This study is ongoing and preliminary results suggest a larger sample size for the mechanical testing is needed for the study to be conclusive and statistically valid. Once that is achieved, the correlations and clinical significance can be determined.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83918407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053257
R. Mazhari, E. Marbán, R. Winslow
Regulatory subunit KCNE3 (E3) interacts with KCNQ1 (Q1) in epithelia, regulating its activation kinetics and augmenting current density. Since E3 is expressed weakly in the heart, we hypothesized that ectopic expression of E3 in cardiac myocytes might abbreviate action potential duration by interacting with Q1 and augmenting the delayed rectifier current (I/sub K/). We constructed an adenoviral vector co-expressing GFP and E3, and injected it Into the left ventricular cavity of guinea pigs. After 72 hrs, the electrocardiographic QT interval was reduced by /spl sim/10% compared to baseline. E3-transduced cells had an APD/sub 90/ of 87 /spl plusmn/ 8 vs. 298 /spl plusmn/ 19 ms in control cells, while E-4031-insensitive I/sub K/ and activation kinetics were significantly augmented. Quantitative modeling of a transmural cardiac segment rationalized the degree of QT-interval abbreviation as a consequence of electrotonic interactions in the face of limited transduction efficiency and showed that heterogeneous transduction of E3 may actually potentiate arrhythmias. The results provide proof of the principle that ectopic expression of regulatory subunits can be exploited to enhance repolarization, a principle that may be useful in treating long QT syndrome (but only if fairly homogeneous ventricular expression can be achieved).
{"title":"Regulation of cardiac repolarization by adenoviral gene transfer rationalized by computational modeling","authors":"R. Mazhari, E. Marbán, R. Winslow","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1053257","url":null,"abstract":"Regulatory subunit KCNE3 (E3) interacts with KCNQ1 (Q1) in epithelia, regulating its activation kinetics and augmenting current density. Since E3 is expressed weakly in the heart, we hypothesized that ectopic expression of E3 in cardiac myocytes might abbreviate action potential duration by interacting with Q1 and augmenting the delayed rectifier current (I/sub K/). We constructed an adenoviral vector co-expressing GFP and E3, and injected it Into the left ventricular cavity of guinea pigs. After 72 hrs, the electrocardiographic QT interval was reduced by /spl sim/10% compared to baseline. E3-transduced cells had an APD/sub 90/ of 87 /spl plusmn/ 8 vs. 298 /spl plusmn/ 19 ms in control cells, while E-4031-insensitive I/sub K/ and activation kinetics were significantly augmented. Quantitative modeling of a transmural cardiac segment rationalized the degree of QT-interval abbreviation as a consequence of electrotonic interactions in the face of limited transduction efficiency and showed that heterogeneous transduction of E3 may actually potentiate arrhythmias. The results provide proof of the principle that ectopic expression of regulatory subunits can be exploited to enhance repolarization, a principle that may be useful in treating long QT syndrome (but only if fairly homogeneous ventricular expression can be achieved).","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74596009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-12-01DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1136945
Jie Fu, E. Krauland, Y. Har-el, J. Hanes
A new family of biodegradable cationic polyesters consisting of aspartic acid and aliphatic diols of various lengths has been synthesized. Since the polymers formed are strictly alternating, the cationic charge density can be controlled by simply changing the size of the spacer aliphatic monomer. One such polymer, poly(aspartic anhydride-co-ethylene glycol) (PAE), was found to be capable of self-assembly (/spl sim/100 nm) into polymeric micelles and complexation with DNA. Kinetic studies reveal PAE initially complexes DNA into sub-100 nm complexes and subsequently releases it after 3-6 days at room temperature. With the ability to degrade and unpack its genetic material, this new family of biodegradable cationic polymers shows promise as versatile gene carriers for in vitro and in vivo applications.
{"title":"New degradable cationic polyesters for nonviral gene delivery","authors":"Jie Fu, E. Krauland, Y. Har-el, J. Hanes","doi":"10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1136945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2002.1136945","url":null,"abstract":"A new family of biodegradable cationic polyesters consisting of aspartic acid and aliphatic diols of various lengths has been synthesized. Since the polymers formed are strictly alternating, the cationic charge density can be controlled by simply changing the size of the spacer aliphatic monomer. One such polymer, poly(aspartic anhydride-co-ethylene glycol) (PAE), was found to be capable of self-assembly (/spl sim/100 nm) into polymeric micelles and complexation with DNA. Kinetic studies reveal PAE initially complexes DNA into sub-100 nm complexes and subsequently releases it after 3-6 days at room temperature. With the ability to degrade and unpack its genetic material, this new family of biodegradable cationic polymers shows promise as versatile gene carriers for in vitro and in vivo applications.","PeriodicalId":60385,"journal":{"name":"中国地球物理学会年刊","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81726389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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