To enable message transmission among sensors and equipment, power line communication (PLC) is a widely adopted smart grid. However, due to the occurrence of impulsive noise (IN), reliable transmissions over PLC channels in the smart grid are challenging. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an adaptive noise mitigation scheme to clip the IN with the sliding window-based method, where the altitude of the received signal in the current time slots is obtained by computing the average altitude of signals in the previous and next time slots. To detect the states of IN and dynamically estimate the power threshold of signals for the IN mitigation scheme, we develop an intelligent algorithm based on the long short-term memory network. To prevent the useful signals from being eliminated as IN signals, we propose the accelerated proximal gradient method (APGM) based on tone reservation to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) for the transmitting signals with low computational complexity. In addition, the closed-form expression of the bit error rate (BER) is derived for the proposed sliding window-based IN mitigation scheme according to the probability density function of the IN. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IN mitigation scheme achieves a better BER performance than the conventional IN mitigation schemes. In addition, the APGM aided by IN mitigation can further improve BER performance due to the PAPR reduction.
为了实现传感器和设备之间的信息传输,电力线通信(PLC)成为智能电网广泛采用的一种通信方式。然而,由于存在脉冲噪声(IN),在智能电网中通过 PLC 信道进行可靠传输具有挑战性。因此,在本文中,我们提出了一种自适应噪声缓解方案,利用基于滑动窗口的方法来剪切 IN,即通过计算上一个时隙和下一个时隙信号的平均高度来获得当前时隙接收信号的高度。为了检测 IN 的状态并动态估计 IN 缓解方案的信号功率阈值,我们开发了一种基于长短期记忆网络的智能算法。为了防止有用信号作为 IN 信号被消除,我们提出了基于音调保留的加速近端梯度法(APGM),以较低的计算复杂度降低发射信号的峰均功率比(PAPR)。此外,根据 IN 的概率密度函数,我们还推导出了基于滑动窗口的 IN 缓解方案的误码率 (BER) 闭式表达式。仿真结果表明,与传统的 IN 缓解方案相比,所提出的 IN 缓解方案实现了更好的误码率性能。此外,由于降低了 PAPR,以 IN 缓解为辅助的 APGM 还能进一步提高误码率性能。
{"title":"An intelligent impulsive noise mitigation with deep learning method","authors":"Guo Yang, Yuwen Qian, Zikun Wang, Xiangwei Zhou, Wen Wu","doi":"10.1002/msd2.12117","DOIUrl":"10.1002/msd2.12117","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To enable message transmission among sensors and equipment, power line communication (PLC) is a widely adopted smart grid. However, due to the occurrence of impulsive noise (IN), reliable transmissions over PLC channels in the smart grid are challenging. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an adaptive noise mitigation scheme to clip the IN with the sliding window-based method, where the altitude of the received signal in the current time slots is obtained by computing the average altitude of signals in the previous and next time slots. To detect the states of IN and dynamically estimate the power threshold of signals for the IN mitigation scheme, we develop an intelligent algorithm based on the long short-term memory network. To prevent the useful signals from being eliminated as IN signals, we propose the accelerated proximal gradient method (APGM) based on tone reservation to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) for the transmitting signals with low computational complexity. In addition, the closed-form expression of the bit error rate (BER) is derived for the proposed sliding window-based IN mitigation scheme according to the probability density function of the IN. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IN mitigation scheme achieves a better BER performance than the conventional IN mitigation schemes. In addition, the APGM aided by IN mitigation can further improve BER performance due to the PAPR reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":60486,"journal":{"name":"国际机械系统动力学学报(英文)","volume":"4 3","pages":"346-360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/msd2.12117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141665639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cover Caption: A velocity-based space–time finite element method (v-ST/FEM) is presented for analyzing dynamic soil–structure interaction in earth structures such as dams, tunnels, and embankments subjected to vibrational loading from high-speed trains, road traffic, underground explosions, and earthquakes. The method incorporates the Lysmer–Kuhlemeyer viscous boundary conditions to truncate the unbounded soil domain and includes time-dependent boundary conditions to model energy flow. The v-ST/FEM is third-order accurate in time. It introduces negligible numerical dispersion error, thus enabling precise computation of the dynamic responses of soils and structures during long-duration earthquake motions.