Pub Date : 2012-06-04DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241721
Dae-Chul Kim, Wang-Jun Kyung, Ho-Gun Ha, Yeong-Ho Ha
People in a color image, particularly facial patterns are important and interesting visual object. Thus, color reproduction for skin tone becomes the foremost treatment, because skin color is a key memory color in color application systems. Previous studies suggested skin color reproduction by mapping only to the center value of preferred skin region. However, it is not suitable to determine one preference color because preference color from the observer's preference test is not dominant. In this paper, selective skin color reproduction using preferred skin colors is proposed. The proposed method first defines preferred skin colors according to their luminance level. Next skin color is detected by using skin and feature map. After that, each corresponding preferred skin color is determined for each skin region. Finally, input skin color is proportionally mapped toward preferred skin color according to the difference between input skin color and preferred skin color, smoothly reproducing skin color. Through the experimental results, the proposed method achieves preferred skin color reproduction.
{"title":"Selective skin tone reproduction using preferred skin colors","authors":"Dae-Chul Kim, Wang-Jun Kyung, Ho-Gun Ha, Yeong-Ho Ha","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241721","url":null,"abstract":"People in a color image, particularly facial patterns are important and interesting visual object. Thus, color reproduction for skin tone becomes the foremost treatment, because skin color is a key memory color in color application systems. Previous studies suggested skin color reproduction by mapping only to the center value of preferred skin region. However, it is not suitable to determine one preference color because preference color from the observer's preference test is not dominant. In this paper, selective skin color reproduction using preferred skin colors is proposed. The proposed method first defines preferred skin colors according to their luminance level. Next skin color is detected by using skin and feature map. After that, each corresponding preferred skin color is determined for each skin region. Finally, input skin color is proportionally mapped toward preferred skin color according to the difference between input skin color and preferred skin color, smoothly reproducing skin color. Through the experimental results, the proposed method achieves preferred skin color reproduction.","PeriodicalId":6297,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81572961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-04DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241716
Tsan-Ming Wu, Szu-Liang Wang
The amplify-and-forward protocol is a simple but effective relaying for cooperative communications systems because its associated relay node does not take encoding/decoding into consideration to re-transmit signals. However, the interference and multipath fades during the previous hop are also amplified. In this paper, based on the zero-forcing (ZF) concept, an adaptive amplification factor is investigated to counteract the effects of the multipath-fading channel. Numerical results show that the ZF-based adaptive amplification according to both channel impulse responses possesses the best system performance in a dual-hop cooperative system.
{"title":"Adaptive amplification for amplify-and-forward dual-hop cooperative systems","authors":"Tsan-Ming Wu, Szu-Liang Wang","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241716","url":null,"abstract":"The amplify-and-forward protocol is a simple but effective relaying for cooperative communications systems because its associated relay node does not take encoding/decoding into consideration to re-transmit signals. However, the interference and multipath fades during the previous hop are also amplified. In this paper, based on the zero-forcing (ZF) concept, an adaptive amplification factor is investigated to counteract the effects of the multipath-fading channel. Numerical results show that the ZF-based adaptive amplification according to both channel impulse responses possesses the best system performance in a dual-hop cooperative system.","PeriodicalId":6297,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics","volume":"71 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90393460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-04DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241684
E. G. Walters, Joshua J. Arner, Noah D. Rojahn
Finite impulse response (FIR) filters are often used for processing audio, communication and other signals. Truncated-matrix multipliers offer reduced area, power and delay at the expense of increased computational error. This paper describes a test bed for low-power FIR-filter hardware accelerators that use truncated-matrix multipliers. It accepts analog input signals, filters them in real-time using an inexpensive field-programmable gate array (FPGA) development board, and produces analog outputs. The input is simultaneously processed using truncated-matrix multipliers and standard multipliers for comparison. Parameters such as filter coefficients, the number of unformed columns and the error correction method can be changed on the fly. The test bed enables real-time testing at the systems-integration level using real analog inputs and outputs.
{"title":"FPGA-based test bed for design and evaluation of low-power FIR-filter hardware accelerators","authors":"E. G. Walters, Joshua J. Arner, Noah D. Rojahn","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241684","url":null,"abstract":"Finite impulse response (FIR) filters are often used for processing audio, communication and other signals. Truncated-matrix multipliers offer reduced area, power and delay at the expense of increased computational error. This paper describes a test bed for low-power FIR-filter hardware accelerators that use truncated-matrix multipliers. It accepts analog input signals, filters them in real-time using an inexpensive field-programmable gate array (FPGA) development board, and produces analog outputs. The input is simultaneously processed using truncated-matrix multipliers and standard multipliers for comparison. Parameters such as filter coefficients, the number of unformed columns and the error correction method can be changed on the fly. The test bed enables real-time testing at the systems-integration level using real analog inputs and outputs.","PeriodicalId":6297,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84329301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-04DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241732
S. Park, H. Kim, Jeongchang Kim
In order to facilitate the interference manipulation, the ATSC recommended practice (RP) A/110B introduces transmitter identification (TxID) signals with very low level, which are embedded in the DTV signal to be transmitted from each transmitter and repeater. Also, the TxID signals can be used for a very low-rate additional data transmission in ATSC DTV systems. In this paper, we propose an improved robust data transmission system based on Walsh sequences and RS (Reed-Solomon) code for the ATSC terrestrial DTV systems. The proposed system significantly improves the robustness compared to the conventional system.
{"title":"An improved robust data transmission based on Walsh sequences and RS code for the ATSC terrestrial DTV systems","authors":"S. Park, H. Kim, Jeongchang Kim","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241732","url":null,"abstract":"In order to facilitate the interference manipulation, the ATSC recommended practice (RP) A/110B introduces transmitter identification (TxID) signals with very low level, which are embedded in the DTV signal to be transmitted from each transmitter and repeater. Also, the TxID signals can be used for a very low-rate additional data transmission in ATSC DTV systems. In this paper, we propose an improved robust data transmission system based on Walsh sequences and RS (Reed-Solomon) code for the ATSC terrestrial DTV systems. The proposed system significantly improves the robustness compared to the conventional system.","PeriodicalId":6297,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics","volume":"463 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78317137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-04DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241744
Chia-Ching Chou, W. Fang, Hsiang-Cheh Huang
A novel portable and wireless biomedical monitoring system featuring on demand wireless data transmission of ECG signals and time-frequency HRV analysis for personal and home healthcare applications is presented in this work. In order to provide comfort and convenience to patients, the device's size, power consumption and portability are of first priority. The ECG processor based on previous hardware design [1] acquires three-channel ECG biomedical raw data through an analog front-end (AFE) circuit, and it measures the time between successive heart beats on lead II as RR intervals for HRV analysis. Functions such as QRS complex peak detection, RR intervals calculation, and time-frequency analysis of HRV have also been developed in hardware. A real-time HRV analysis processor is realized by employing a Lomb periodogram for time-frequency power spectral density (PSD) analysis of the heart rate. The proposed ECG monitoring system has been implemented in Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and it features high integration density, portability, wireless transmission and low cost.
{"title":"A novel wireless biomedical monitoring system with dedicated FPGA-based ECG processor","authors":"Chia-Ching Chou, W. Fang, Hsiang-Cheh Huang","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241744","url":null,"abstract":"A novel portable and wireless biomedical monitoring system featuring on demand wireless data transmission of ECG signals and time-frequency HRV analysis for personal and home healthcare applications is presented in this work. In order to provide comfort and convenience to patients, the device's size, power consumption and portability are of first priority. The ECG processor based on previous hardware design [1] acquires three-channel ECG biomedical raw data through an analog front-end (AFE) circuit, and it measures the time between successive heart beats on lead II as RR intervals for HRV analysis. Functions such as QRS complex peak detection, RR intervals calculation, and time-frequency analysis of HRV have also been developed in hardware. A real-time HRV analysis processor is realized by employing a Lomb periodogram for time-frequency power spectral density (PSD) analysis of the heart rate. The proposed ECG monitoring system has been implemented in Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and it features high integration density, portability, wireless transmission and low cost.","PeriodicalId":6297,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76973585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-04DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.2012.6305105
A. Tahat, A. Said, F. Jaouni, W. Qadamani
This system aims to provide a low-cost means of monitoring a vehicle's performance and tracking by communicating the obtained data to a mobile device via Bluetooth. Then the results can be viewed by the user to monitor fuel consumption and other vital vehicle electromechanical parameters. Data can also be sent to the vehicle's maintenance department which may be used to detect and predict faults in the vehicle. This is done by collecting live readings from the engine control unit (ECU) utilizing the vehicle's built in on-board diagnostics system (OBD). An electronic hardware unit is built to carry-out the interface between the vehicle's OBD system and a Bluetooth module, which in part communicates with an Android-based mobile device. The mobile device is capable of transmitting data to a server using cellular internet connection.
{"title":"Android-based universal vehicle diagnostic and tracking system","authors":"A. Tahat, A. Said, F. Jaouni, W. Qadamani","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.2012.6305105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.2012.6305105","url":null,"abstract":"This system aims to provide a low-cost means of monitoring a vehicle's performance and tracking by communicating the obtained data to a mobile device via Bluetooth. Then the results can be viewed by the user to monitor fuel consumption and other vital vehicle electromechanical parameters. Data can also be sent to the vehicle's maintenance department which may be used to detect and predict faults in the vehicle. This is done by collecting live readings from the engine control unit (ECU) utilizing the vehicle's built in on-board diagnostics system (OBD). An electronic hardware unit is built to carry-out the interface between the vehicle's OBD system and a Bluetooth module, which in part communicates with an Android-based mobile device. The mobile device is capable of transmitting data to a server using cellular internet connection.","PeriodicalId":6297,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics","volume":"35 1","pages":"137-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85013779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-04DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241741
S. Kendall, H. Kimm, M. Jarrell
In this paper we represent a wearable wrist device for runners that is equipped with a GPS chip and programmable features. While running, the device would offer velocity, distance and time measurements at a glance. A button to begin and end a tagged area would also be available so that runners could mark particular parts of their run over which they wish to improve their time. The primary components of the proposed wrist device are as follows: a Microchip dsPIC 33FJ128MC802, a Sparkfun 128×128 pixel color LCD, and the LS20031 GPS chip, also available through Sparkfun. However, these components will be reviewed again and replaced with more suitable ones later.
{"title":"Multifunction GPS embedded wrist device for runners","authors":"S. Kendall, H. Kimm, M. Jarrell","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241741","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we represent a wearable wrist device for runners that is equipped with a GPS chip and programmable features. While running, the device would offer velocity, distance and time measurements at a glance. A button to begin and end a tagged area would also be available so that runners could mark particular parts of their run over which they wish to improve their time. The primary components of the proposed wrist device are as follows: a Microchip dsPIC 33FJ128MC802, a Sparkfun 128×128 pixel color LCD, and the LS20031 GPS chip, also available through Sparkfun. However, these components will be reviewed again and replaced with more suitable ones later.","PeriodicalId":6297,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84564513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-04DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241709
Yilu Zhao, J. J. Blum
Low-interaction honeypots can provide a cost-effective security mechanism for a wide range of computer systems. A central challenge in the development of low-interaction honeypots is the development of emulation programs that mimic the action of server applications on the target platform. The emulation programs must be of high enough fidelity to fool attackers. However, the manual development of these emulations is extremely time-consuming. This paper describes an agent-based optimization system that can automate the generation of emulation programs for honeypots. The system is evaluated in its ability to emulate a mail server. In this evaluation, the system produced correct responses to more than 99% of test data queries.
{"title":"Agent-based optimization of emulations of network server applications in honeypots","authors":"Yilu Zhao, J. J. Blum","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241709","url":null,"abstract":"Low-interaction honeypots can provide a cost-effective security mechanism for a wide range of computer systems. A central challenge in the development of low-interaction honeypots is the development of emulation programs that mimic the action of server applications on the target platform. The emulation programs must be of high enough fidelity to fool attackers. However, the manual development of these emulations is extremely time-consuming. This paper describes an agent-based optimization system that can automate the generation of emulation programs for honeypots. The system is evaluated in its ability to emulate a mail server. In this evaluation, the system produced correct responses to more than 99% of test data queries.","PeriodicalId":6297,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics","volume":"66 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80388543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-04DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241745
Tzu-Hsun Hung, Chia-Ching Chou, W. Fang, A. Li, Yu-Ching Chang, Bai-Kuang Hwang, Y. Shau
In this study, a method based on Hilbert-Huang Transformation (HHT) for time-frequency analysis of heart sound signals is presented. HHT is employed because most biomedical signals such as Electroencephalogram (EEG), Electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart sound signals are non-stationary signals. Heart sound signals recordings are often contaminated with the spike noise caused by the front-end circuits or measurement instruments in the real situations. A digital median filter is firstly employed to remove the spike noise of the heart sound signals. Then, the time series data are decomposed into several IMFs (Intrinsic Mode Function) using Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) algorithm. Hilbert transformation algorithm is utilized to acquire the instantaneous frequency for every IMF. Simulation results show that time-frequency domain analysis of heart sounds signals based on HHT algorithm is able to offer higher frequency resolution.
{"title":"Time-frequency analysis of heart sound signals based on Hilbert-Huang Transformation","authors":"Tzu-Hsun Hung, Chia-Ching Chou, W. Fang, A. Li, Yu-Ching Chang, Bai-Kuang Hwang, Y. Shau","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241745","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a method based on Hilbert-Huang Transformation (HHT) for time-frequency analysis of heart sound signals is presented. HHT is employed because most biomedical signals such as Electroencephalogram (EEG), Electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart sound signals are non-stationary signals. Heart sound signals recordings are often contaminated with the spike noise caused by the front-end circuits or measurement instruments in the real situations. A digital median filter is firstly employed to remove the spike noise of the heart sound signals. Then, the time series data are decomposed into several IMFs (Intrinsic Mode Function) using Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) algorithm. Hilbert transformation algorithm is utilized to acquire the instantaneous frequency for every IMF. Simulation results show that time-frequency domain analysis of heart sounds signals based on HHT algorithm is able to offer higher frequency resolution.","PeriodicalId":6297,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76194828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-06-04DOI: 10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241689
R. Ren, E. Juárez, F. Pescador, C. Sanz
In this paper, a methodology which aims to solve the accuracy susceptibility problem in PMC-driven energy estimation models is developed. The application characteristics representativeness of PMCs and training benchmarks to generate an accurate and stable energy estimation model are considered. The results show a good accuracy and stability with average relative error of 4.8%.
{"title":"A stable high-level energy estimation methodology for battery-powered embedded systems","authors":"R. Ren, E. Juárez, F. Pescador, C. Sanz","doi":"10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCE.2012.6241689","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a methodology which aims to solve the accuracy susceptibility problem in PMC-driven energy estimation models is developed. The application characteristics representativeness of PMCs and training benchmarks to generate an accurate and stable energy estimation model are considered. The results show a good accuracy and stability with average relative error of 4.8%.","PeriodicalId":6297,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE 16th International Symposium on Consumer Electronics","volume":"os-41 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87230384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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