M. Toader, E. Georgescu, A. Ionescu, Paula Ionela Năstase
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to study and to analyze the chemical composition and energetical value (caloric) of 8 maize hybrids (Fundulea 376, Olt, Bărăgan, P0216, PR35T36, PR35P12, Feria and Rapsodia) tested under field conditions in a farm from, Rovine village, Ialomita County, under non-irrigated conditions, on 2016-2017. For all hybrids the same cultivation technology was applied. Sowing was carried out between April 20-27, for both years, with a density of 50,000 germinable grains/ha and in September were harvested. The analysis of the productivity elements showed that: the average length of cobs was between 20 to 23 cm; number of rows/cobs ranged from 14 to 18; the number of grains/cobs oscillated between 704 grains/cobs at Baragan hybrid, up to 890 grains/cobs at PR35T36; the Thousand Grain Weight (TGW) recorded values of over 300 grams for tree hybrids PR35T36, P0216, PR35P12; the density of plants at harvesting, main factor for yields grains, oscilated from 42,650 plants/ha in 2016 for Olt hybrid to 49.000 plants/ha at P0216 hybrid in 2017; the grains yields was of 8.4 t/ha at Baragan hybrid and 13.9 t/ha at PR35T36 hybrid. Regarding quality indicators of yields resulted: the hectolitre mass averaged 72.7 kg/hl with variation limits of 70.3 kg/hl and 76.8 kg/hl and the moisture varied between 11.90% and 14.50%. Chemical composition is followed: 10.70-12.70% proteins; 3.7-4.3% lipids; 70.00 - 70.70% glucids. Based on these results , it has been calculated the energy values (caloric). This oscillated between 369.3 kcal./100 grams of Rapsody hybrid and 388.38 kcal. of P0216 hybrid. It can be noticed that the year 2017 was a very favorable year for maize crops in the analyzed area, which led to better results for all the productivity elements, grains yields and chemical compozition for all 8 tested hybrids. Also, we can observed the higher energy value on 2017 by comparison with 2016.
{"title":"The Productivity Elements, Chemical Composition and Energetical Value (Caloric) of Some Maize Hybrids in Ialomita County Conditions","authors":"M. Toader, E. Georgescu, A. Ionescu, Paula Ionela Năstase","doi":"10.2478/alife-2018-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of this paper is to study and to analyze the chemical composition and energetical value (caloric) of 8 maize hybrids (Fundulea 376, Olt, Bărăgan, P0216, PR35T36, PR35P12, Feria and Rapsodia) tested under field conditions in a farm from, Rovine village, Ialomita County, under non-irrigated conditions, on 2016-2017. For all hybrids the same cultivation technology was applied. Sowing was carried out between April 20-27, for both years, with a density of 50,000 germinable grains/ha and in September were harvested. The analysis of the productivity elements showed that: the average length of cobs was between 20 to 23 cm; number of rows/cobs ranged from 14 to 18; the number of grains/cobs oscillated between 704 grains/cobs at Baragan hybrid, up to 890 grains/cobs at PR35T36; the Thousand Grain Weight (TGW) recorded values of over 300 grams for tree hybrids PR35T36, P0216, PR35P12; the density of plants at harvesting, main factor for yields grains, oscilated from 42,650 plants/ha in 2016 for Olt hybrid to 49.000 plants/ha at P0216 hybrid in 2017; the grains yields was of 8.4 t/ha at Baragan hybrid and 13.9 t/ha at PR35T36 hybrid. Regarding quality indicators of yields resulted: the hectolitre mass averaged 72.7 kg/hl with variation limits of 70.3 kg/hl and 76.8 kg/hl and the moisture varied between 11.90% and 14.50%. Chemical composition is followed: 10.70-12.70% proteins; 3.7-4.3% lipids; 70.00 - 70.70% glucids. Based on these results , it has been calculated the energy values (caloric). This oscillated between 369.3 kcal./100 grams of Rapsody hybrid and 388.38 kcal. of P0216 hybrid. It can be noticed that the year 2017 was a very favorable year for maize crops in the analyzed area, which led to better results for all the productivity elements, grains yields and chemical compozition for all 8 tested hybrids. Also, we can observed the higher energy value on 2017 by comparison with 2016.","PeriodicalId":6413,"journal":{"name":"“Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings","volume":"37 1","pages":"122 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91004380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Karaköy, A. Demirbaş, F. Toklu, N. Gürsoy, Eylem Tugay Karagöl, Damla Uncuer, H. Özkan
Abstract Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the most important legume crop and cultivated nearly all parts of the world. Present study was aimed to investigate the variation in the micro and macronutrients concentration in the Turkish faba bean germplasm. A total of 200 landraces and 3 commercial cultivars were collected from the different geographical regions of Turkey. Study was conducted at the research and experimental area of Department of Crop and Animal Production, Vocational School of Sivas, University of Cumhuriyet, Sivas, Turkey in 2016. Result of this study reflected higher level of diversity for studies nutrients; (N) (5.21-8.15 %), phosphorus (P) (0.1-0.98 %), potassium (K) (0.94-5.6 %), magnesium (mg) (0.32-0.42), calcium (Ca) (0.50-1.50), copper (Cu) (8.13-34.23 mg kg-1), zinc (Zn) (28.42-64.33 mg kg-1), iron (Fe) (44.86-128.53 mg kg-1), and manganese (Mn) (16.56-35.76 mg kg-1). Average concentrations of micro and macronutrients were found higher in the landraces as compared to the commercial cultivars. Principal component analysis grouped the studied germplasm into two groups on the basis of their Zn concentrations. Results from this study expressed the presence of high range of diversity in the Turkish faba bean germplasm for micro and macronutrient elements. Findings of this study will serves as starting point for the development of improved faba bean varieties through conventional and modern breeding technologies and these variations will be helpful for the identification of linked markers through the genome wide association studies and identifying diverse parents for quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping.
{"title":"Assessment of Micro and Macro Nutrients Contents in the Turkish Faba Bean Germplasm","authors":"T. Karaköy, A. Demirbaş, F. Toklu, N. Gürsoy, Eylem Tugay Karagöl, Damla Uncuer, H. Özkan","doi":"10.2478/alife-2018-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is one of the most important legume crop and cultivated nearly all parts of the world. Present study was aimed to investigate the variation in the micro and macronutrients concentration in the Turkish faba bean germplasm. A total of 200 landraces and 3 commercial cultivars were collected from the different geographical regions of Turkey. Study was conducted at the research and experimental area of Department of Crop and Animal Production, Vocational School of Sivas, University of Cumhuriyet, Sivas, Turkey in 2016. Result of this study reflected higher level of diversity for studies nutrients; (N) (5.21-8.15 %), phosphorus (P) (0.1-0.98 %), potassium (K) (0.94-5.6 %), magnesium (mg) (0.32-0.42), calcium (Ca) (0.50-1.50), copper (Cu) (8.13-34.23 mg kg-1), zinc (Zn) (28.42-64.33 mg kg-1), iron (Fe) (44.86-128.53 mg kg-1), and manganese (Mn) (16.56-35.76 mg kg-1). Average concentrations of micro and macronutrients were found higher in the landraces as compared to the commercial cultivars. Principal component analysis grouped the studied germplasm into two groups on the basis of their Zn concentrations. Results from this study expressed the presence of high range of diversity in the Turkish faba bean germplasm for micro and macronutrient elements. Findings of this study will serves as starting point for the development of improved faba bean varieties through conventional and modern breeding technologies and these variations will be helpful for the identification of linked markers through the genome wide association studies and identifying diverse parents for quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping.","PeriodicalId":6413,"journal":{"name":"“Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings","volume":"83 1","pages":"72 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72974638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Drăghici, A. Diaconu, A. Paraschiv, I. Drăghici, G. Coteț, M. Croitoru, M. Dima
Abstract Sweet potato Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam is a drought resistant species with vigorous growth and high productivity adapted to the conditions of sandy soils (Iamandei Maria et al., 2014, Diaconu Aurelia et al., 2016). In terms of Romania, sweet potato are reproduces by shoots obtained under solar. In this respect, the research carried out at CCDCPN Dabuleni between 2016-2017 aimed at obtaining sweet potato shoots in a trifactorial experience, as follows: Factor A - Planting time in the solar (15 March, 25 March), Factor B - Variety (KSP 1 and KSC 1), Factor C - Diameter of tubers (2, 3, 4 cm). The results obtained on the monitoring of solar microclimate influence on growth and development of sweet potato shoots and plant physiological processes (photosynthesis, perspiration, chlorophyll content) underline the importance of the planting period and the quality of the biological material planted in the solar. Observations and determinations of growth rate they have a slow pace in April, when climatic factors have fluctuated greatly from night to day, which increased in the first decade of May, when the shoots saw the optimal planting size of 35-40 cm. The best results were obtained by planting in the solar on March 25, using tuberous roots 3-4 cm in diameter, when there was an intense physiological activity and a large number of shoots on the tuber (9.125-9.980 shoots).
甘薯(Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam)是一种适应沙质土壤条件的生长旺盛、生产力高的抗旱物种(Iamandei Maria et al.， 2014; Diaconu Aurelia et al.， 2016)。就罗马尼亚而言，红薯是由太阳能下获得的嫩枝繁殖的。在这方面，2016-2017年期间在Dabuleni CCDCPN开展的研究旨在通过三因子体验获得红薯新芽:因子a -日光下种植时间(3月15日，3月25日)，因子B -品种(KSP 1和KSC 1)，因子C -块茎直径(2,3,4 cm)。太阳小气候对甘薯幼芽生长发育及植株生理过程(光合、排汗、叶绿素含量)影响的监测结果强调了种植期和种植材料质量的重要性。生长速率的观测和测定在4月缓慢，此时气候因子昼夜波动较大，在5月前10年加快，此时芽的最佳种植尺寸为35 ~ 40 cm。以3月25日日光下种植效果最好，块根直径3 ~ 4 cm，此时块茎生理活动强烈，芽数较多(9.125 ~ 9.980根)。
{"title":"Research on Obtaining Biological Planting Material for Sweet Potatoes under Conditions in Romania","authors":"R. Drăghici, A. Diaconu, A. Paraschiv, I. Drăghici, G. Coteț, M. Croitoru, M. Dima","doi":"10.2478/alife-2018-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sweet potato Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam is a drought resistant species with vigorous growth and high productivity adapted to the conditions of sandy soils (Iamandei Maria et al., 2014, Diaconu Aurelia et al., 2016). In terms of Romania, sweet potato are reproduces by shoots obtained under solar. In this respect, the research carried out at CCDCPN Dabuleni between 2016-2017 aimed at obtaining sweet potato shoots in a trifactorial experience, as follows: Factor A - Planting time in the solar (15 March, 25 March), Factor B - Variety (KSP 1 and KSC 1), Factor C - Diameter of tubers (2, 3, 4 cm). The results obtained on the monitoring of solar microclimate influence on growth and development of sweet potato shoots and plant physiological processes (photosynthesis, perspiration, chlorophyll content) underline the importance of the planting period and the quality of the biological material planted in the solar. Observations and determinations of growth rate they have a slow pace in April, when climatic factors have fluctuated greatly from night to day, which increased in the first decade of May, when the shoots saw the optimal planting size of 35-40 cm. The best results were obtained by planting in the solar on March 25, using tuberous roots 3-4 cm in diameter, when there was an intense physiological activity and a large number of shoots on the tuber (9.125-9.980 shoots).","PeriodicalId":6413,"journal":{"name":"“Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings","volume":"93 1","pages":"58 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76062220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Cabernet Sauvignon is one of the grape varieties highly suitable for organic cultivation. In the present study, the variety was cultivated in Murfatlar region were both organic and conventional technologies are applied and compared. Also, for each growth system variants with and without 30% cluster thinning were organized. Wines obtained from each variant were compared by the use of an electronic nose. The groups of wines prepared by the same technology were discriminated by the electronic nose in accordance to their volatile profile and on the basis of the discriminating chromatographic peaks determined. The wines produced from grapes conventionally grown were discriminated in two groups by different compounds correlated to the application or not of the cluster thinning operation, while the wines from organic grapes were only slightly separated in groups with or without cluster thinning. However, the wines from organic grapes have shown the highest complexity, as far as the number of discriminant peaks is concerned. Thus, this preliminary study suggests that organic cultivation of grapes may be beneficial for Cabernet Sauvignon wines. The operation of cluster thinning has some effects on the wines made with conventionally grown grapes, but even in this case only 7.6% of the variability in the volatile profile is explained by the cluster thinning. Considering that the grape yield of Cabernet Sauvignon is generally low as compared to other varieties, a further reduction of the grape load may be economically unjustified.
{"title":"Enhancement Of Cabernet Sauvignon Wine Volatile Profile By Organic Cultivation Confirmed With An Electronic Nose","authors":"V. Artem, A. Antoce","doi":"10.2478/alife-2018-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cabernet Sauvignon is one of the grape varieties highly suitable for organic cultivation. In the present study, the variety was cultivated in Murfatlar region were both organic and conventional technologies are applied and compared. Also, for each growth system variants with and without 30% cluster thinning were organized. Wines obtained from each variant were compared by the use of an electronic nose. The groups of wines prepared by the same technology were discriminated by the electronic nose in accordance to their volatile profile and on the basis of the discriminating chromatographic peaks determined. The wines produced from grapes conventionally grown were discriminated in two groups by different compounds correlated to the application or not of the cluster thinning operation, while the wines from organic grapes were only slightly separated in groups with or without cluster thinning. However, the wines from organic grapes have shown the highest complexity, as far as the number of discriminant peaks is concerned. Thus, this preliminary study suggests that organic cultivation of grapes may be beneficial for Cabernet Sauvignon wines. The operation of cluster thinning has some effects on the wines made with conventionally grown grapes, but even in this case only 7.6% of the variability in the volatile profile is explained by the cluster thinning. Considering that the grape yield of Cabernet Sauvignon is generally low as compared to other varieties, a further reduction of the grape load may be economically unjustified.","PeriodicalId":6413,"journal":{"name":"“Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings","volume":"88 1","pages":"244 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79389284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Gurău, H. Hameed, M. Popp, Marius Valer Campeanu, D. Daneș
Abstract Colibacillosis in poultry is relating with the colonisation with so called Avian Pathogen E. coli (APEC) strains. It is already known that usually in the APEC isolates are present at least 13 virulence-associated genes. We selected 12 non-repetitive E. coli isolates from different Romanian poultry outbreaks. Isolates have been evaluated for the presence of the virulence-associated genes, iroN and iucC. The DNA extraction was made using QIAamp cador Pathogen Mini Kit (Qiagen). The amplification protocol was: a cycle of denaturation at 94°C for 5 min followed by 35 cycles of 94°C for 30 s, 63°C for 45 s and 72°C for 105 s, and a cycle of 72°C for 7 min. Both virulence-associated genes were identified in 83.33% (11/12) isolates. In two APEC isolates, only one gene was identified, iroN or iucC, respectively. According to these preliminary results it could be assumed that iroN and iucC genes are independently expressing their virulence.
{"title":"The Presence of Iron and Iucc Virulence-Associated Genes in Romanian Apec Isolates","authors":"M. Gurău, H. Hameed, M. Popp, Marius Valer Campeanu, D. Daneș","doi":"10.2478/alife-2018-0084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0084","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Colibacillosis in poultry is relating with the colonisation with so called Avian Pathogen E. coli (APEC) strains. It is already known that usually in the APEC isolates are present at least 13 virulence-associated genes. We selected 12 non-repetitive E. coli isolates from different Romanian poultry outbreaks. Isolates have been evaluated for the presence of the virulence-associated genes, iroN and iucC. The DNA extraction was made using QIAamp cador Pathogen Mini Kit (Qiagen). The amplification protocol was: a cycle of denaturation at 94°C for 5 min followed by 35 cycles of 94°C for 30 s, 63°C for 45 s and 72°C for 105 s, and a cycle of 72°C for 7 min. Both virulence-associated genes were identified in 83.33% (11/12) isolates. In two APEC isolates, only one gene was identified, iroN or iucC, respectively. According to these preliminary results it could be assumed that iroN and iucC genes are independently expressing their virulence.","PeriodicalId":6413,"journal":{"name":"“Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings","volume":"12 1","pages":"536 - 541"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73693255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The paper presents the yield results obtained in 2017 for the corn crop grown in the soil and climate conditions of Southern Romania (Calarasi county). The purpose of the research was to analyze the behavior and yield of a range of corn hybrids from different FAO groups: DKC 4590 (FAO 350), PP9911 (FAO 410) and Olt (FAO 430) under different soil tillage systems. The conventional tillage system applied was plowing at 20 and 30 cm, while scarifying at 30 and 40 cm and Tiger 3 MT at 20 and 30 cm were used for the minimum tillage system. The average yield of the three hybrids analyzed was 8,130.3 kg/ha in the conventional tillage system (plowing at 20 and 30 cm) with mechanical weeding, while for the conventional tillage system without mechanical weeding the yield was 7,682.2 kg/ha. The minimum tillage variants (scarifying and Tiger 3 MT) recorded an average yield of 6,746.4 kg/ha when mechanical weeding was applied and 6,474.9 kg/ha for the variants without mechanical weeding. Regarding the degree of weeding by tillage system, in the conventional tillage system (plowing at 20 and 30 cm) with mechanical weeding the number of weeds was 4.2 plants/m2 and 9.3 plants/m2 for the variants without mechanical weeding. The minimum tillage variants (scarifying and Tiger 3 MT) recorded 12.8 weeds/m2 when mechanical weeding was applied and 16.2 weeds/m2 for the variants without mechanical weeding.
{"title":"Research Concerning the Influence of Soil Tillage Systems on Weeds Control and Corn Hybrids Yield Cultivated in Southeastern Romania","authors":"Claudiu Chițoi, C. Ciontu, M. Toader","doi":"10.2478/alife-2018-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper presents the yield results obtained in 2017 for the corn crop grown in the soil and climate conditions of Southern Romania (Calarasi county). The purpose of the research was to analyze the behavior and yield of a range of corn hybrids from different FAO groups: DKC 4590 (FAO 350), PP9911 (FAO 410) and Olt (FAO 430) under different soil tillage systems. The conventional tillage system applied was plowing at 20 and 30 cm, while scarifying at 30 and 40 cm and Tiger 3 MT at 20 and 30 cm were used for the minimum tillage system. The average yield of the three hybrids analyzed was 8,130.3 kg/ha in the conventional tillage system (plowing at 20 and 30 cm) with mechanical weeding, while for the conventional tillage system without mechanical weeding the yield was 7,682.2 kg/ha. The minimum tillage variants (scarifying and Tiger 3 MT) recorded an average yield of 6,746.4 kg/ha when mechanical weeding was applied and 6,474.9 kg/ha for the variants without mechanical weeding. Regarding the degree of weeding by tillage system, in the conventional tillage system (plowing at 20 and 30 cm) with mechanical weeding the number of weeds was 4.2 plants/m2 and 9.3 plants/m2 for the variants without mechanical weeding. The minimum tillage variants (scarifying and Tiger 3 MT) recorded 12.8 weeds/m2 when mechanical weeding was applied and 16.2 weeds/m2 for the variants without mechanical weeding.","PeriodicalId":6413,"journal":{"name":"“Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings","volume":"29 1","pages":"40 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83467715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Hoble, D. Popescu, C. Bunea, D. Cluzeau, Muriel Guernion, A. Nicolai, Alben Fertil, S. Winter, J. Zaller, G. Guzmán
Abstract The perception of landscape and consumption behaviour in relation to landscape was estimated using a questionnaire-based survey with 17 photographs: 15 photos from Romanian representative landscape units, 1 photo representing a foreign landscape (Hungary), and 1 marketing photo. The photo documentation was conducted in sixteen vineyards ecosystems from Târnave Viticultural Region - Transylvania (NW-Romania). The most representative landscape was the photo that had the specifications and criteria: low practices intensity with low landscape complexity; and the less representative landscape was the photo that had the specifications and criteria: photo capturing hiking, walking, tourism, and recreational activities in a viticulture landscape. The landscape could influence the following aspects of communities’ livelihood: establishments and development of enterprises, tourism and recreation businesses, and the place to live. The words used by interviewed people to point out the landscape were interpreted from the point of view of the concept of multifunctionality.
{"title":"The Perception of Viticultural Landscapes as a Method of Promoting and Supporting Local Economic Activities Through Multifunctional Landscapes","authors":"A. Hoble, D. Popescu, C. Bunea, D. Cluzeau, Muriel Guernion, A. Nicolai, Alben Fertil, S. Winter, J. Zaller, G. Guzmán","doi":"10.2478/alife-2018-0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0058","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The perception of landscape and consumption behaviour in relation to landscape was estimated using a questionnaire-based survey with 17 photographs: 15 photos from Romanian representative landscape units, 1 photo representing a foreign landscape (Hungary), and 1 marketing photo. The photo documentation was conducted in sixteen vineyards ecosystems from Târnave Viticultural Region - Transylvania (NW-Romania). The most representative landscape was the photo that had the specifications and criteria: low practices intensity with low landscape complexity; and the less representative landscape was the photo that had the specifications and criteria: photo capturing hiking, walking, tourism, and recreational activities in a viticulture landscape. The landscape could influence the following aspects of communities’ livelihood: establishments and development of enterprises, tourism and recreation businesses, and the place to live. The words used by interviewed people to point out the landscape were interpreted from the point of view of the concept of multifunctionality.","PeriodicalId":6413,"journal":{"name":"“Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings","volume":"47 1","pages":"387 - 392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78294434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Cătană, M. Catana, E. Iorga, A. Lazăr, M. Lazăr, R. Teodorescu, A. Asănică, N. Belc, A. Iancu
Abstract Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Helianthus tuberosus) are distinguished by their protein, minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, etc.) and inulin content. Inulin can be used in the diet of diabetics as a substitute of sugar, without having an impact on blood glucose. At the same time, an international study had shown that due to their inulin content, regular consumption of Jerusalem artichoke tubers can help to prevent type 2 diabetes. In this paper are presented the results of the researches performed to achieve a functional ingredient (powder) with high nutritional value by processing of Jerusalem artichoke tubers. Thus, the Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Red Jerusalem artichoke and White Jerusalem artichoke varieties) were subjected to a convective drying process at 50°C, to protect bioactive components (vitamins, phenolic compounds, etc.) to a moisture content that allow their milling and turning them into powder and, at the same time, their stability in terms of quality. The achieved functional ingredient was evaluated sensory, physicchemically and microbiologically. The powder obtained from Jerusalem artichoke tubers is characterized by their inulin-type fructans (51.60... 57.45%), crude fiber (6.85...8.27%), total polyphenols (18.51... 44.03 mg GAE/g), proteins (8.75...9.26%), iron (12.45...13.88 mg/100g), potassium (1905.44...2100.35 mg/100g), calcium (50.21...57.45mg/100g), magnesium (84.55...89.95mg/100g) and phosphorus content (300.12...345.35 mg/100g). At the same time, powder achieved from Jerusalem artichoke tubers has antioxidant potential. Due to its complex biochemical composition, the functional ingredient achieved from Jerusalem artichoke tubers can be used to fortify food and also as a sweetening agent for products destined to diabetics.
{"title":"Valorification of Jerusalem Artichoke Tubers (Helianthus Tuberosus) for Achieving of Functional Ingredient with High Nutritional Value","authors":"L. Cătană, M. Catana, E. Iorga, A. Lazăr, M. Lazăr, R. Teodorescu, A. Asănică, N. Belc, A. Iancu","doi":"10.2478/alife-2018-0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Helianthus tuberosus) are distinguished by their protein, minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, etc.) and inulin content. Inulin can be used in the diet of diabetics as a substitute of sugar, without having an impact on blood glucose. At the same time, an international study had shown that due to their inulin content, regular consumption of Jerusalem artichoke tubers can help to prevent type 2 diabetes. In this paper are presented the results of the researches performed to achieve a functional ingredient (powder) with high nutritional value by processing of Jerusalem artichoke tubers. Thus, the Jerusalem artichoke tubers (Red Jerusalem artichoke and White Jerusalem artichoke varieties) were subjected to a convective drying process at 50°C, to protect bioactive components (vitamins, phenolic compounds, etc.) to a moisture content that allow their milling and turning them into powder and, at the same time, their stability in terms of quality. The achieved functional ingredient was evaluated sensory, physicchemically and microbiologically. The powder obtained from Jerusalem artichoke tubers is characterized by their inulin-type fructans (51.60... 57.45%), crude fiber (6.85...8.27%), total polyphenols (18.51... 44.03 mg GAE/g), proteins (8.75...9.26%), iron (12.45...13.88 mg/100g), potassium (1905.44...2100.35 mg/100g), calcium (50.21...57.45mg/100g), magnesium (84.55...89.95mg/100g) and phosphorus content (300.12...345.35 mg/100g). At the same time, powder achieved from Jerusalem artichoke tubers has antioxidant potential. Due to its complex biochemical composition, the functional ingredient achieved from Jerusalem artichoke tubers can be used to fortify food and also as a sweetening agent for products destined to diabetics.","PeriodicalId":6413,"journal":{"name":"“Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings","volume":"92 1","pages":"276 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87752684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oana-Alexandra Oprea, E. Mateescu, A. Barbu, R. Tudor
Abstract The global climatic changes consisting of the increased in the average air temperature and changes in the rainfall regime have led in the last decades to the extension of the agricultural areas affected by the drought phenomenon, both worldwide and in Romania. During the last half century, the drought and the phenomena associated with it, namely aridization and desertification, are a major problem for mankind. The limiting factor affecting field crops on the largest surface is the drought, the extent and intensity of this type of risk causing annual reduction of agricultural production by at least 30-50%. Drought represents the natural phenomenon determined by the amounts of precipitations below the normal values. The absence of rainfall is due to the predominance of the anti-cyclonic type. The most frequent phenomena occur in the extra-Carpathian agricultural regions of southern and south-eastern Romania Muntenia is located in the drought-sensitive area, where the influx of continental anti-cyclones is higher. Although this phenomena is possible in all seasons and in all agricultural areas, it doesn’t occur simultaneously and doesn’t have the same intensity. In the 21st century, the agricultural years 2001-2002, 2002-2003, 2006-2007, 2011-2012 and 2014-2015 are included in the list of the most recent years in terms of rainfall quantities, the heat units recorded in the warm season, as well as the soil moisture reserve available to winter wheat and maize plants during maximum water consumption. The objective of this paper is to highlight the correlation between the pluviometric regime analyzed during periods of maximum consumption of water from winter wheat and maize crops, the phenomenon of "heat" and the soil moisture reserve. The analysis of these specific indices helped us characterize the mentioned agricultural years, in the context of analysing the phenomenon of pedological drought with an impact in agriculture in Muntenia Region. An important element in the development of agricultural management strategies is to improve scientific knowledge and capacities to better manage climate variability by examining climate data and risks and opportunities analysis. The decrease in production of winter wheat and maize wheat crops occurs in extreme dry agricultural years due to the shortening of the vegetation season as a result of the increase in air temperature and water stress during the period of accumulation of the dry matter in the grain (the filling phase grain) caused by the reduction of precipitation amounts. Drought periods are increasingly common in Romania and are a major problem for agriculture with high impact on the agricultural production.
{"title":"Extreme Dry Years in the 21st Century at the Level of the Agricultural Areas of Muntenia, Romania","authors":"Oana-Alexandra Oprea, E. Mateescu, A. Barbu, R. Tudor","doi":"10.2478/alife-2018-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The global climatic changes consisting of the increased in the average air temperature and changes in the rainfall regime have led in the last decades to the extension of the agricultural areas affected by the drought phenomenon, both worldwide and in Romania. During the last half century, the drought and the phenomena associated with it, namely aridization and desertification, are a major problem for mankind. The limiting factor affecting field crops on the largest surface is the drought, the extent and intensity of this type of risk causing annual reduction of agricultural production by at least 30-50%. Drought represents the natural phenomenon determined by the amounts of precipitations below the normal values. The absence of rainfall is due to the predominance of the anti-cyclonic type. The most frequent phenomena occur in the extra-Carpathian agricultural regions of southern and south-eastern Romania Muntenia is located in the drought-sensitive area, where the influx of continental anti-cyclones is higher. Although this phenomena is possible in all seasons and in all agricultural areas, it doesn’t occur simultaneously and doesn’t have the same intensity. In the 21st century, the agricultural years 2001-2002, 2002-2003, 2006-2007, 2011-2012 and 2014-2015 are included in the list of the most recent years in terms of rainfall quantities, the heat units recorded in the warm season, as well as the soil moisture reserve available to winter wheat and maize plants during maximum water consumption. The objective of this paper is to highlight the correlation between the pluviometric regime analyzed during periods of maximum consumption of water from winter wheat and maize crops, the phenomenon of \"heat\" and the soil moisture reserve. The analysis of these specific indices helped us characterize the mentioned agricultural years, in the context of analysing the phenomenon of pedological drought with an impact in agriculture in Muntenia Region. An important element in the development of agricultural management strategies is to improve scientific knowledge and capacities to better manage climate variability by examining climate data and risks and opportunities analysis. The decrease in production of winter wheat and maize wheat crops occurs in extreme dry agricultural years due to the shortening of the vegetation season as a result of the increase in air temperature and water stress during the period of accumulation of the dry matter in the grain (the filling phase grain) caused by the reduction of precipitation amounts. Drought periods are increasingly common in Romania and are a major problem for agriculture with high impact on the agricultural production.","PeriodicalId":6413,"journal":{"name":"“Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings","volume":"79 1","pages":"101 - 109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90953722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Currently, the blueberry crop systems are continuous diversifing due to the growing demand for fruit on the market as well as the willingness of farmers to invest in profitable blueberries business. The need to extend the fresh-consumption period of blueberry fruits has made crop protection systems be considered appropriate for high-quality and valuable fruits. In the present work, we have proposed to compare the economic efficiency of three blueberry production systems as follows: the normal intensive cultural system in beds, the superintensive cultural system in pots and the superintensive cultural system in pots and plastic covered (high tunnel). The analyze of the cost and profitability of blueberry has been done according to the crop system, taking into consideration several elements such as: the number of plants per hectare, the total duration of the exploitation, the value of the investment, the yield and the cost of production etc. Further more, considering the average sale price of the blueberry fruits in Romania, we have calculated the net annual return, the annual return rate, the cost recovery period, total operating profit, economic return on investment, and average return on investment. We observed that as much the degree of intensification has increased, the value of investment was higher and the spendings has increased too. Blueberry pot production systems with or without plastic protection are especially recommended for smaller surfaces, which in this way can boost the value and their economic potential.
{"title":"Estimation of the Economic Efficiency of Blueberry According to the Production System","authors":"A. Asănică","doi":"10.2478/alife-2018-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/alife-2018-0038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Currently, the blueberry crop systems are continuous diversifing due to the growing demand for fruit on the market as well as the willingness of farmers to invest in profitable blueberries business. The need to extend the fresh-consumption period of blueberry fruits has made crop protection systems be considered appropriate for high-quality and valuable fruits. In the present work, we have proposed to compare the economic efficiency of three blueberry production systems as follows: the normal intensive cultural system in beds, the superintensive cultural system in pots and the superintensive cultural system in pots and plastic covered (high tunnel). The analyze of the cost and profitability of blueberry has been done according to the crop system, taking into consideration several elements such as: the number of plants per hectare, the total duration of the exploitation, the value of the investment, the yield and the cost of production etc. Further more, considering the average sale price of the blueberry fruits in Romania, we have calculated the net annual return, the annual return rate, the cost recovery period, total operating profit, economic return on investment, and average return on investment. We observed that as much the degree of intensification has increased, the value of investment was higher and the spendings has increased too. Blueberry pot production systems with or without plastic protection are especially recommended for smaller surfaces, which in this way can boost the value and their economic potential.","PeriodicalId":6413,"journal":{"name":"“Agriculture for Life, Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings","volume":"8 1","pages":"255 - 259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90513007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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