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2013 International Conference on Emerging Trends in VLSI, Embedded System, Nano Electronics and Telecommunication System (ICEVENT)最新文献

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Comparison of fast radix 2 ACS with adaptive fast radix 2 ACS in Viterbi Decoder Viterbi解码器中快速基数2 ACS与自适应快速基数2 ACS的比较
N. Bobby, S. Srivatsa, L. Kishore, A. Rajiv, S. S. Suresh
Adaptive Viterbi decoder is used for decoding codes of long constraint length, where as viterbi decoder is used for decoding short constraint lengths. In order to minimize power consumption and BER, we have implemented FastRadix 2 ACS in Viterbi decoder and Adaptive Viterbi decoder. The area consumption was more in Viterbi compared to Adaptive Viterbi decoder. But the power utilization reduced drastically to 20% where as in Viterbi decoder the power consumed was 80%. In our previous work we have implemented Adaptive fast ACS, Adaptive Radix2 acs in Viterbi decoder. But the experimental result proves power consumption is less in Adaptive FastRadix 2 ACS in Viterbi decoder than FastRadix 2 ACS in Viterbi decoder.
自适应维特比解码器用于解码约束长度较长的码,而自适应维特比解码器用于解码约束长度较短的码。为了最大限度地降低功耗和误码率,我们在维特比解码器和自适应维特比解码器中实现了FastRadix 2 ACS。与自适应Viterbi解码器相比,Viterbi解码器的面积消耗更多。但是功率利用率急剧下降到20%,而在维特比解码器中,功率消耗为80%。在我们之前的工作中,我们已经在维特比解码器中实现了自适应快速ACS,自适应Radix2 ACS。但实验结果表明,在Viterbi解码器中,自适应FastRadix 2 ACS比在Viterbi解码器中使用FastRadix 2 ACS功耗更低。
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引用次数: 10
Web based security analysis of OPASS authentication schemes using mobile application 基于Web的移动应用程序OPASS认证方案安全性分析
M. Rama, S. Raja
Graphical password, text password are authentication of users on websites because of its simplicity and easy. User's passwords are easy to hack by using different malicious programs and threats. First, Users select easy to remember password because nowadays they using many accounts on different websites. To login to websites they need to remember all passwords. So users would choose easy to remember passwords, but these passwords are not safe. Reusing passwords across different websites may cause users to lose their information which is stored in websites once the password hacked or compromised by attacker. Second, hackers can install malicious software to get the passwords, when user typing their username and password into unknown public computers. In this paper, developing web based security analysis of one Time password authentication schemes using mobile application. A user authentication protocol which involves user's cell phone and short message service to prevent password stealing and reuse attacks. User's only need to remember a long term password for login on different websites.
图形密码和文本密码以其简单、方便的特点成为网站用户的认证方式。用户的密码很容易被不同的恶意程序和威胁破解。首先,用户选择容易记住的密码,因为现在他们在不同的网站上使用许多帐户。为了登录网站,他们需要记住所有的密码。所以用户会选择容易记住的密码,但这些密码并不安全。在不同的网站上重复使用密码可能会导致用户丢失存储在网站上的信息,一旦密码被攻击者入侵或泄露。其次,当用户在未知的公共计算机上输入用户名和密码时,黑客可以安装恶意软件来获取密码。本文开发了基于web的一次性密码认证方案的安全性分析。一种涉及用户手机和短信业务的用户认证协议,防止密码窃取和重用攻击。用户只需要记住一个长期密码登录不同的网站。
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引用次数: 4
Comparison of automatic blood vessel segmentation methods in retinal images 视网膜图像中血管自动分割方法的比较
M. Maruthusivarani, T. Ramakrishnan, D. Santhi, K. Muthukkutti
Blood vessel segmentation can be used for automatic retinal disease screening system. In this paper, comparison of automatic blood vessel segmentation methods in retinal images is presented and discussed. Morphological operation for the automatic segmentation of blood vessels in retinal images has been proposed and the results are compared with matched filter technique using local entropy thresholding. Blood vessels in retinal images are enhanced by the application of matched filter. The gray levels are spatially distributed by using local entropy based thresholding. Label filtering is performed by connected pixel labeling to eliminate the misclassified and isolated pixels. The blood vessels are segmented by using morphological opening based on structuring element. These methods were evaluated on the publicly available DRIVE database and the database contains retinal images along with the ground truth data that has been precisely marked by the experts. Morphological operation is more suitable for blood vessel segmentation as compared to the local entropy thresholding.
血管分割可用于视网膜疾病自动筛查系统。本文对视网膜图像中血管自动分割的几种方法进行了比较和讨论。提出了一种用于视网膜图像血管自动分割的形态学方法,并将分割结果与局部熵阈值匹配滤波技术进行了比较。利用匹配滤波器对视网膜图像中的血管进行增强。采用基于局部熵的阈值法对灰度进行空间分布。通过连通的像素标记来进行标签过滤,以消除错误分类和隔离的像素。利用基于结构元素的形态开口对血管进行分割。这些方法在公开可用的DRIVE数据库上进行了评估,该数据库包含视网膜图像以及专家精确标记的地面真实数据。与局部熵阈值法相比,形态学操作更适合血管分割。
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引用次数: 8
Analysis study of seamless integration and intelligent solution in any situation by the future advanced mobile universal systems 4G - (FAMOUS 4G) 未来先进移动通用系统4G - (FAMOUS 4G)在任何情况下的无缝集成和智能解决方案分析研究
A. Jayanthiladevi, H. M. Premlatha, G. Nawaz
Communication is one of the important areas of electronics and always been a focus for exchange of information among parties at locations physically apart. There may be different mode of communication. The communication may be wired or wireless between two links. Initially the mobile communication was limited to between one pair of users on single channel pair. Mobile communication has undergone many generations. With the rapid development of communication networks, it is expected that fourth generation mobile systems will be launched within decades. Fourth generation (4G) mobile systems focus on seamlessly integrating the existing wireless technologies including GSM, wireless LAN, and Bluetooth. This contrasts with third generation (3G), which merely focuses on developing new standards and hardware. 4G systems will support comprehensive and personalized services providing stable system performance and quality service. The future of mobile communication is FAMOUS-Future Advanced Mobile Universal Systems. The data rates targeted are 20 MBPS. That will be the FOURTH GENERATION (4G) in the mobile communication technology. 4G must be hastened, as some of the video applications cannot be contained within 3G.This paper highlights that current systems must be implemented with a view of facilitate to seamless integration into 4G infrastructure. Finally, it narrates how 4G mobile communication will bring a new level of connectivity and convenience in communication.
通信是电子学的重要领域之一,并且一直是物理上分开的各方之间交换信息的焦点。可能有不同的交流方式。两个链路之间的通信可以是有线的或无线的。最初,移动通信仅限于在单个信道对上的一对用户之间。移动通信经历了许多代。随着通信网络的快速发展,预计第四代移动通信系统将在几十年内推出。第四代(4G)移动系统的重点是无缝集成现有的无线技术,包括GSM、无线局域网和蓝牙。这与第三代(3G)形成了鲜明对比,后者仅仅专注于开发新的标准和硬件。4G系统将支持全面和个性化的服务,提供稳定的系统性能和高质量的服务。移动通信的未来是famu -未来先进移动通用系统。目标数据速率为20mbps。这将是移动通信技术的第四代(4G)。4G必须加快,因为一些视频应用不能包含在3G中。本文强调,当前的系统必须以方便无缝集成到4G基础设施的观点来实施。最后,叙述了4G移动通信将如何带来新的连接水平和通信便利性。
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引用次数: 12
A novel preprocessing method and PCLDA algorithm for face recognition under difficult lighting conditions 一种新的光照条件下人脸识别预处理方法和PCLDA算法
Vinothkumar B, Kumar, T. Tntroductton
One of the most important challenges for practical face recognition systems is to make recognition more reliable under uncontrolled lighting conditions. We tackle this by using novel illumination-insensitive preprocessing method. The proposed face recognition system consists of a preprocessing stage, a hybrid Fourier-based facial feature extraction, and Principal Component Linear Discriminant Analysis (PCLDA). In the preprocessing stage, an “Integral Normalized Gradient Image”, (INGI) is obtained by transform a face image into an illumination-insensitive image. The effect of illumination gets reduced in the INGI by normalizing and integrating the smoothed gradients of a facial image. The hybrid Fourier features are extracted from three different Fourier domains in different frequency bandwidths by using a frequency band model selection, and further by adding PCLDA the robustness of the system gets improved. In face recognition, it is not possible to process with the entire extracted features, hence the dimension of the feature vectors has to be reduced. In this paper, this is done by using the linear method called PCLDA. The proposed system using the Yale B data set which is having a 2-D face images under various environmental variations such as illumination changes and expression changes.
对于实际的人脸识别系统来说,最重要的挑战之一是在不受控制的照明条件下使识别更加可靠。为了解决这个问题,我们采用了一种新的光照不敏感预处理方法。该人脸识别系统包括预处理、基于混合傅立叶的人脸特征提取和主成分线性判别分析(PCLDA)。在预处理阶段,将人脸图像变换为光照不敏感图像,得到“积分归一化梯度图像”(INGI)。在INGI中,通过对面部图像的平滑梯度进行归一化和积分来降低光照的影响。采用频带模型选择方法从不同频带的三个不同的傅立叶域中提取混合傅立叶特征,并在此基础上加入PCLDA,提高了系统的鲁棒性。在人脸识别中,不可能对提取的全部特征进行处理,因此必须降低特征向量的维数。在本文中,这是通过使用称为PCLDA的线性方法来完成的。该系统使用耶鲁B数据集,该数据集具有不同环境变化(如光照变化和表情变化)下的二维人脸图像。
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引用次数: 3
Implementation of low power MB-OFDM PHY baseband modem with parallel architecture 基于并行结构的低功耗MB-OFDM PHY基带调制解调器的实现
G. Ramadoss, G. Prakash
The multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modem needs to process large amount of computations in short time for support of high data rates from 53 to 480 Mbps. In order to satisfy the performance requirement while reducing power consumption, a multi way parallel architecture has been proposed. In this paper introduced several novel optimization techniques for resource efficient implementation of the baseband modem which has 8-way, parallel architecture, such as new processing structures for a (de)interleaver and a packet synchronizer and a carrier frequency offset compensator. Also, we describe how to efficiently design several other components. The detailed analysis shows that our optimization techniques could reduce the gate count by 27.6% on average, while none of techniques degraded the overall system performance. With 0.18-μm CMOS process, the gate count and power consumption of entire baseband modem were about 474 kgates and 248 mW at 66 MHz.
多频带正交频分复用调制解调器需要在短时间内处理大量的计算,以支持53 ~ 480mbps的高数据速率。为了在满足性能要求的同时降低功耗,提出了一种多路并行架构。本文介绍了几种新的优化技术,以实现具有8路并行结构的基带调制解调器的资源高效实现,例如新的(解)交织器、包同步器和载波频偏补偿器的处理结构。此外,我们还描述了如何有效地设计其他几个组件。详细的分析表明,我们的优化技术平均可以减少27.6%的门计数,而所有技术都不会降低系统的整体性能。采用0.18 μm CMOS工艺,整个基带调制解调器的栅极数和功耗约为474 kgates,在66 MHz时为248 mW。
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引用次数: 0
A cross layer resource allocation for multiuser video transmission over wireless networks 无线网络中多用户视频传输的跨层资源分配
S. Gnanavel, S. Ramakrishan, N. M. Kumar
A Multimedia transmission such as video streaming over wireless networks has grown dramatically in recent years. The downlink transmission of multiple video sequences to multiple users over a shared resource-limited wireless channel, however, is a tough task. We face many challenges in this area like time-varying channel conditions, limited available resources, such as bandwidth and power, and the different transmission requirements of different video content. This work takes into account the time-varying nature of the wireless channels, as well as the importance of individual video packets, to develop a cross-layer resource allocation and packet scheduling scheme for multiuser video streaming over wireless networks. Assuming that accurate channel feedback is not available at the scheduler, random channel losses combined with complex error concealment at the receiver make it impossible for the scheduler to determine the actual distortion of the sequence at the receiver. Therefore, the objective of the optimization is to minimize the expected distortion of the received sequence, where the expectation is calculated at the scheduler with respect to the packet loss probability in the channel. The expected distortion is used to order the packets in the transmission queue of each user, and then gradients of the expected distortion are used to efficiently allocate resources across users.
多媒体传输,如无线网络上的视频流,近年来发展迅速。然而,在共享资源有限的无线信道上下行传输多个视频序列给多个用户是一项艰巨的任务。在这方面我们面临着许多挑战,如时变的信道条件,有限的可用资源,如带宽和功率,以及不同视频内容的不同传输要求。考虑到无线信道的时变特性以及单个视频数据包的重要性,本文提出了一种针对无线网络多用户视频流的跨层资源分配和数据包调度方案。假设在调度器处无法获得准确的信道反馈,则随机信道损失与接收机处复杂的错误隐藏相结合,使得调度器无法确定接收机处序列的实际失真。因此,优化的目标是最小化接收序列的期望失真,其中期望是在调度器上根据信道中的丢包概率计算的。利用期望失真对每个用户的传输队列中的数据包进行排序,然后利用期望失真的梯度在用户之间有效地分配资源。
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引用次数: 0
Design and implementation of 32 bit unsigned multiplier using CLAA and CSLA 基于CLAA和CSLA的32位无符号乘法器设计与实现
V. Vijayalakshmi, R. Seshadri, S. Ramakrishnan
This project deals with the comparison of the VLSI design of the carry look-ahead adder (CLAA) based 32-bit unsigned integer multiplier and the VLSI design of the carry select adder (CSLA) based 32-bit unsigned integer multiplier. Both the VLSI design of multiplier multiplies two 32-bit unsigned integer values and gives a product term of 64-bit values. The CLAA based multiplier uses the delay time of 99ns for performing multiplication operation where as in CSLA based multiplier also uses nearly the same delay time for multiplication operation. But the area needed for CLAA multiplier is reduced to 31% by the CSLA based multiplier to complete the multiplication operation. These multipliers are implemented using Altera Quartus II and timing diagrams are viewed through avan waves.
本课题比较了基于进位预加法器(CLAA)的32位无符号整数乘法器和基于进位选择加法器(CSLA)的32位无符号整数乘法器的VLSI设计。乘法器的VLSI设计将两个32位无符号整数值相乘,并给出64位值的乘积项。基于CLAA的乘法器使用99ns的延迟时间执行乘法操作,而基于CLAA的乘法器也使用几乎相同的延迟时间执行乘法操作。但是基于CSLA的乘法器完成乘法操作所需的面积减少到31%。这些乘法器使用Altera Quartus II实现,时间图通过avan波查看。
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引用次数: 15
High performance and low power modified radix-25 FFT architecture for high rate WPAN application 用于高速率WPAN应用的高性能低功耗改进基数-25 FFT架构
B. Pushparaj, C. Paramasivam
This paper present a high-performance and low-complexity modified radix-25 512-point Fast Fourier transform (FFT) architecture using an eight data-path pipelined approach for high rate wireless personal area network applications. A novel modified radix-25 FFT algorithm that reduces the hardware complexity is proposed. This method can reduce the number of complex multiplications and the size of the twiddle factor memory. It also uses a complex constant multiplier instead of a complex Booth multiplier. The results demonstrate that the total gate count of the proposed FFT architecture is 11, 894. Furthermore the highest throughput rate is up to 2.4 GS/s at 310 MHz while requiring much less hardware complexity.
本文提出了一种高性能、低复杂度的改进基数-25 512点快速傅里叶变换(FFT)体系结构,该体系结构采用8个数据路径的流水线方式,用于高速无线个人区域网络应用。提出了一种新的改进的基数-25 FFT算法,降低了硬件复杂度。这种方法可以减少复杂乘法的次数,减少中间因子存储器的大小。它还使用了一个复杂的常数乘法器而不是一个复杂的布斯乘法器。结果表明,所提出的FFT结构的总门数为11,894。此外,在310 MHz时,最高吞吐率高达2.4 GS/s,同时所需的硬件复杂性要低得多。
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引用次数: 1
A HDL based reduced area NOC router architecture 一种基于HDL的减小面积NOC路由器架构
M. S. Suraj, D. Muralidharan, K. Seshu Kumar
In this work, we present the NOC router architecture with five port support which utilizes dual crossbar arrangement, the latency which arises due to the dual cross bar architecture is reduced by using predominant routing algorithm. This arrangement is more efficient and reduces about 10 % of device utilization.
在这项工作中,我们提出了具有五端口支持的NOC路由器架构,该架构采用双交叉排排列,通过使用主导路由算法减少了由于双交叉排结构引起的延迟。这种安排更有效,减少了大约10%的设备利用率。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2013 International Conference on Emerging Trends in VLSI, Embedded System, Nano Electronics and Telecommunication System (ICEVENT)
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