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2013 International Conference on Emerging Trends in VLSI, Embedded System, Nano Electronics and Telecommunication System (ICEVENT)最新文献

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BER analysis and MAI cancellation in CDMA communication system CDMA通信系统中的误码率分析与MAI消去
A. Amsavalli, K. R. Kashwan
Authors, in this paper, present a bit error rate analysis and FPGA implementation of multiple access interference cancellation in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) communication systems. The main objective of paper is focused on designing and then testing the performance of CDMA circuits implemented on FPGA. Main performance parameter of BER was chosen for simulation. The test performances are analyzed by simulating a CDMA communication system with QPSK modulation and demodulation. The latest technology advancement in cellular mobile communication systems has become more demanding for better quality of service. It requires broad bandwidth for huge quanta of data transfer. CDMA communication system easily meets these requirements of cellular communications. The design of the relevant circuits is based on CDMA approach of direct sequence spread spectrum technology. The functional performance of designed circuits is tested by carrying out simulations using Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and Very High Speed Integrated Circuits Hardware Description Language (VHDL) on XILINX ISE® and MATLAB® platforms. The simulated results subsequently have shown quite improved and optimized circuit performance.
介绍了码分多址(CDMA)通信系统中多址干扰消除的误码率分析和FPGA实现。本文的主要目的是设计并测试在FPGA上实现的CDMA电路的性能。选取误码率的主要性能参数进行仿真。通过对采用QPSK调制解调的CDMA通信系统的仿真,分析了该系统的测试性能。蜂窝移动通信系统的最新技术进步对更好的服务质量提出了更高的要求。它需要宽频带来处理大量的数据传输。CDMA通信系统很容易满足蜂窝通信的这些要求。相关电路的设计是基于直接序列扩频技术的CDMA方法。通过在XILINX ISE®和MATLAB®平台上使用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)和超高速集成电路硬件描述语言(VHDL)进行仿真,测试所设计电路的功能性能。随后的仿真结果表明,电路性能得到了很大的改善和优化。
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引用次数: 1
Implementation of a novel architecture for VLSI testing 一种新型VLSI测试架构的实现
G. Sudhagar, S. Senthil Kumar, G. Ramesh, G. Sathish Kumar
Time, power, and data volume are among some of the most challenging issues for testing System-on-Chip (Soc.) and have not been fully resolved, even if a scan-based technique is employed. A novel architecture, referred to the Selective Trigger Scan architecture, is introduced in this paper to address these issues. This architecture reduces switching activity in the circuit-under-test (CUT) and increases the clock frequency of the scanning process. An auxiliary chain is utilized in this architecture to avoid the large number of transitions to the CUT during the scan-in process, as well as enabling retention of the currently applied test vectors and applying only necessary changes to them. It also permits delay fault testing. Using ISCAS 85 and 89 benchmark circuits, the effectiveness of this architecture for improving Soc. test measures (such as, time, and data volume) is experimentally evaluated and confirmed.
时间、功耗和数据量是测试片上系统(Soc)最具挑战性的问题之一,即使采用基于扫描的技术,也尚未完全解决。为了解决这些问题,本文介绍了一种新的体系结构,即选择性触发扫描体系结构。这种架构减少了在测电路(CUT)中的开关活动,并增加了扫描过程的时钟频率。在这个体系结构中使用了一个辅助链,以避免在扫描过程中大量过渡到CUT,以及支持保留当前应用的测试向量,并仅对它们应用必要的更改。它还允许延迟故障测试。通过ISCAS 85和89的基准电路,验证了该架构对Soc的改进效果。测试测量(例如,时间和数据量)通过实验评估和确认。
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引用次数: 2
Analysis of different techniques for reduction of SI and emission from PCB trace 分析不同的减少SI和PCB痕量排放物的技术
V. Anupama, P. Salil
Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility (EMI/EMC) and Signal Integrity (SI) issues are becoming more and more significant in today's product design with product dimensions going down and complexity ever increasing. One of the contributors to this is the PCB via commonly used in the multilayer PCB. In this paper the issues rising out of the via structure as well as how the via can be used to mitigate the issues is discussed. The vias provide a convenient way for routing electrical connections on different layers of the PCB. The discontinuities introduced by these vias on the PCB trace bring in new Signal Integrity (SI) and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) related issues. These discontinuities lead to increased coupling and cross talk. This effect is prominent in differential traces containing vias placed nearby. In this paper, studies are carried out to estimate the effect of the via coupling alone separating it from the effect of the coupling from the traces. Different techniques for reducing these effects were tried out using commercially available tools based on numerical computational electromagnetics. The structures were analysed in the 1GHz to 10GHz frequency range. The results were validated using practical measurements.
随着产品尺寸的不断缩小和复杂性的不断增加,电磁干扰与兼容性(EMI/EMC)和信号完整性(SI)问题在当今的产品设计中变得越来越重要。其中一个贡献者是PCB通孔通常用于多层PCB。本文讨论了由通孔结构引起的问题以及如何使用通孔来缓解这些问题。过孔为PCB不同层上的电气连接提供了一种方便的方式。这些过孔在PCB走线上引入的不连续性带来了新的信号完整性(SI)和电磁干扰(EMI)相关问题。这些不连续性导致耦合和串扰增加。这种效应在附近有过孔的微分道中很突出。在本文中,进行了研究来估计单独的通孔耦合的影响,将其与迹线耦合的影响分开。利用基于数值计算电磁学的商业工具,尝试了减少这些影响的不同技术。在1GHz至10GHz频率范围内对结构进行了分析。结果通过实际测量得到了验证。
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引用次数: 3
A novel FPGA design of modified residue to binary converter for three moduli set 一种新颖的三模集改进剩余二值变换器的FPGA设计
T. Senthilkumar, G. Prakash
This paper proposes a novel modified reverse converter for the unrestricted moduli set. This uses to investigate the Residue Number System (RNS) to decimal equivalent binary conversion for the utilization of RNS numbers in Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications. First, we simplify the Chinese Remainder Theorem in order to obtain a reverse converter that uses mod-(2n-1) operations. Next, we further analyze the theorem for the low complexity implementation that does not require the explicit use of modulo operation in the conversion process and we prove that theoretically speaking it outperforms state of the art equivalent converters. The proposed converter is implemented on Xilinx Spartan 3 field-programmable gate array. The results indicate that the proposal shows the better performance in conversion time, area cost and power consumption.
针对无限制模集,提出了一种改进的反向变换器。本文研究了残数系统(RNS)到十进制等效二进制的转换,以便在数字信号处理(DSP)应用中使用RNS数。首先,我们简化了中国剩余定理,以获得一个使用mod-(2n-1)运算的反向转换器。接下来,我们进一步分析了在转换过程中不需要显式使用模运算的低复杂度实现的定理,并证明从理论上讲,它优于最先进的等效转换器。该转换器在Xilinx Spartan 3现场可编程门阵列上实现。结果表明,该方案在转换时间、面积成本和功耗方面具有较好的性能。
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引用次数: 1
Design of 2∶1 multiplexer and 1∶2 demultiplexer using magnetic tunnel junction elements 利用磁隧道结元件设计2∶1多路复用器和1∶2多路复用器
Dhruva Kumari, Monisha SaW, Aminul Islam
Spintronic devices are based on the up and down spin of an electron rather than on the charge of electrons as in traditional electronic devices. In principle, they primarily have higher speed, low power consumption, non-volatile storage and high integration density as compared to transistor based devices. A Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ) is one such spintronic device which is not only used for memory storage but also for computation of logic functions. A multiplexer is an integral part of various digital logic circuits such as a FPGA. In the present paper, a novel architecture of a 2:1 multiplexer using only two MTJ elements, interconnected by a nano-magnetic channel has been designed. The corresponding demultiplexer has also been presented. HSPICE simulation is shown to verify the functionalities of the proposed circuits.
自旋电子器件是基于电子的上下自旋,而不是像传统的电子器件那样基于电子的电荷。原则上,与基于晶体管的器件相比,它们主要具有更高的速度,低功耗,非易失性存储和高集成密度。磁隧道结(MTJ)就是这样一种自旋电子器件,它不仅用于记忆存储,而且还用于逻辑函数的计算。多路复用器是各种数字逻辑电路(如FPGA)的组成部分。本文设计了一种新型的2:1多路复用器结构,该多路复用器仅使用两个MTJ元件,并通过纳米磁通道相互连接。并给出了相应的解复用器。通过HSPICE仿真验证了所提电路的功能。
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引用次数: 5
Potential and electric field model for 18 nm SG tunnel field effect transistor 18nm SG隧道场效应晶体管的电位和电场模型
T. S. Arun Samuel, N. Balamurugan
In this paper, a new two dimensional (2D) analytical model of the single gate (SG) silicon-on-insulator (SOI) tunnel field effect transistors (TFETs) is presented. The parabolic approximation technique is used to solve the 2-D Poisson equation with suitable boundary conditions. Analytical expressions for surface potential and electric field are derived. The validity of the proposed model is tested for device scaled to 18-nm length and the analytical results are compared with TCAD simulations.
本文提出了一种新的单栅绝缘子上硅隧道场效应晶体管(tfet)二维解析模型。利用抛物近似技术求解具有合适边界条件的二维泊松方程。导出了表面电位和电场的解析表达式。在尺寸为18nm的器件上验证了模型的有效性,并将分析结果与TCAD仿真结果进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
High performance double gate silicon nanowire transistors 高性能双栅硅纳米线晶体管
M. Sagana Gandi, M. Karthigai Pandian, N. Balamurugan
This paper deals with the study of modelling double gate silicon nanowire transistors. The scaling of nanowire transistors to 10nm and below is discussed for acceptable short-channel effects and the quantum mechanical effects caused by ultrathin silicon devices considered in modelling the threshold voltage is studied. Similarly, the variation of threshold voltage with different doping density, channel length, channel thickness and oxide thickness of DG MOSFET are analysed. The inversion charge and electrical potential along the channel of double gate MOSFET are also discussed in this paper. These approaches analysed are based upon the analytical solutions of Schrödinger and Poisson equations solved in the silicon channel. The simulation results obtained from various methodologies are compared to analyze the performance of the DG MOSFETs.
本文对双栅硅纳米线晶体管的建模进行了研究。为了获得可接受的短通道效应,讨论了纳米线晶体管的缩放到10nm及以下,并研究了在模拟阈值电压时考虑的超薄硅器件引起的量子力学效应。同样,分析了不同掺杂密度、沟道长度、沟道厚度和氧化层厚度对阈值电压的影响。本文还讨论了双栅MOSFET沿通道的反转电荷和电势。所分析的这些方法是基于Schrödinger的解析解和在硅沟道中解出的泊松方程。比较了各种方法得到的仿真结果,分析了DG mosfet的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Growth and characterization of KDP crystals doped with L-Glutamic acid l -谷氨酸掺杂KDP晶体的生长与表征
R. Krishnamurthy, B. S. Samuel, R. Rajasekaran
Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate (KDP) doped with L-glutamic acid has been grown by solvent slow evaporation technique from a mixture of aqueous solution of KDP and 1.0 mol% of L-Glutamic acid at room temperature. The grown crystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and UV-visible. The The Nonlinear optical property (SHG) of L-glutamic acid doped KDP has been confirmed. Microhardness studies were carried out on the grown crystal.
以掺杂l -谷氨酸的磷酸二氢钾(KDP)水溶液和1.0 mol%的l -谷氨酸在室温下通过溶剂慢蒸发法制备了掺杂l -谷氨酸的磷酸二氢钾(KDP)。用粉末x射线衍射和紫外可见光谱对生长的晶体进行了表征。证实了l -谷氨酸掺杂KDP的非线性光学性质。对生长晶体进行了显微硬度研究。
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引用次数: 0
Random image steganography in spatial domain 空间域随机图像隐写
D. Samidha, D. Agrawal
Steganography is an art of hiding information in some media. This paper describes various image steganography techniques, based on spatial domain and by considering pixel values in binary format. Spatial domain is based on physical location of pixels in an image. Generally 8 bit gray level or colour images can be used as a cover to hide data. Again binary representations of these pixels are considered to hide secret information. Random bits from these bytes are used to replace the bits of secret. In this paper, many steganography techniques can be used like Least Significant Bit (LSB), layout management schemes, replacing only 1's or only zero's from lower nibble from the byte are considered for hiding secret message in an image. Along with these techniques, some more methods are proposed, based on selection of random pixels from an image and again secret data is hidden in random bits of these randomly selected pixels. For this purpose, many parameters of an image are considered like physical location of pixels, intensity value of pixel, etc.
隐写术是在某些媒体中隐藏信息的一种艺术。本文介绍了基于空间域和考虑二进制格式的像素值的各种图像隐写技术。空间域是基于图像中像素的物理位置。一般来说,8位灰度级或彩色图像可以用作隐藏数据的掩护。同样,这些像素的二进制表示被认为隐藏了秘密信息。这些字节中的随机位被用来替换secret的位。在本文中,可以使用许多隐写技术,如最低有效位(LSB),布局管理方案,仅替换字节中较低的1或0来隐藏图像中的秘密信息。在这些技术的基础上,提出了更多的方法,基于从图像中随机选择像素,然后将秘密数据隐藏在这些随机选择像素的随机比特中。为此,需要考虑图像的许多参数,如像素的物理位置,像素的强度值等。
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引用次数: 42
Location prediction of mobility management using neural network techniques in cellular network 蜂窝网络中基于神经网络技术的移动管理位置预测
S. Parija, R. Ranjan, P. K. Sahu
This work describes the neural network technique to solve location management problem. A multilayer neural model is designed to predict the future prediction of the subscriber based on the past predicted information of the subscriber. In this paper a prediction based location management scheme is proposed for locating a mobile terminal in a communication without losing quality maintain a good response. There are various methods of location management schemes for prediction of the mobile user. Based on individual characteristic of the user, prediction based location management can be implemented. This work is purely analytical which need the past movement of the subscriber. The movement of the mobile target is considered as regular and uniform. An artificial neural network model is used for mobility management to reducing the total cost. Single or multiple mobile targets can be predicted. Among all the neural techniques multilayer perceptron is used for this work. The records is collected from the past movement and is used to train the network for the future prediction. The analytical result of the prediction method is found to be satisfactory.
本文描述了用神经网络技术来解决位置管理问题。基于用户过去的预测信息,设计了多层神经网络模型来预测用户的未来预测。本文提出了一种基于预测的移动终端定位管理方案,使其在不丢失通信质量的前提下保持良好的响应。有各种用于移动用户预测的位置管理方案的方法。根据用户的个性特征,实现基于预测的位置管理。这项工作是纯粹的分析,需要用户过去的运动。移动目标的运动被认为是规则的和均匀的。采用人工神经网络模型进行机动管理,以降低总成本。可以预测单个或多个移动目标。在所有的神经技术中,多层感知器被用于这项工作。这些记录是从过去的运动中收集的,并用于训练网络以预测未来。该预测方法的分析结果令人满意。
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引用次数: 14
期刊
2013 International Conference on Emerging Trends in VLSI, Embedded System, Nano Electronics and Telecommunication System (ICEVENT)
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