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Artificial Intelligence based Anomaly Detection and Classification for Grid-Interactive Cascaded Multilevel Inverters 基于人工智能的电网交互级联多电平逆变器异常检测与分类
Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/SGRE53517.2022.9774169
Matthew Baker, Hassan Althuwaini, M. Shadmand
The cascaded multi-level inverter (CMI) is becoming increasingly popular for wide range of applications in power electronics dominated grid (PEDG). The increased number of semiconductors devices in these class of power converters leads to an increased need for fault detection, isolation, and selfhealing. In addition, the PEDG’s cyber and physical layers are exposed to malicious attacks. These malicious actions, if not detected and classified in a timely manner, can cause catastrophic events in power grid. The inverters’ internal failures make the anomaly detection and classification in PEDG a challenging task. The main objective of this paper is to address this challenge by implementing a recurrent neural network (RNN), specifically utilizing long short-term memory (LSTM) for detection and classification of internal failures in CMI and distinguish them from malicious activities in PEDG. The proposed anomaly classification framework is a module in the primary control layer of inverters which can provide information for intrusion detection systems in a secondary control layer of PEDG for further analysis.
级联多电平逆变器(CMI)在电力电子主导电网(PEDG)中得到了越来越广泛的应用。这类功率转换器中半导体器件数量的增加导致对故障检测、隔离和自愈的需求增加。此外,PEDG的网络和物理层也容易受到恶意攻击。这些恶意行为如果不及时发现和分类,可能会对电网造成灾难性事件。逆变器的内部故障使PEDG异常检测和分类成为一项具有挑战性的任务。本文的主要目标是通过实现递归神经网络(RNN)来解决这一挑战,特别是利用长短期记忆(LSTM)来检测和分类CMI中的内部故障,并将其与PEDG中的恶意活动区分开来。所提出的异常分类框架是逆变器主控制层中的一个模块,可以为PEDG次控制层的入侵检测系统提供信息,供其进一步分析。
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引用次数: 7
Anomaly Detection in Smart Grids: A Survey From Cybersecurity Perspective* 基于网络安全视角的智能电网异常检测研究*
Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/SGRE53517.2022.9774221
Ahmad N. Alkuwari, S. Al-Kuwari, M. Qaraqe
Smart grid is the next generation for power generation, consumption and distribution. However, with the introduction of smart communication in such sensitive components, major risks from cybersecurity perspective quickly emerged. This survey reviews and reports on the state-of-the-art techniques for detecting cyber attacks in smart grids, mainly through machine learning techniques.
智能电网是下一代的发电、用电和配电技术。然而,随着智能通信在这些敏感部件中的引入,网络安全方面的重大风险迅速显现。本调查回顾和报告了智能电网中检测网络攻击的最新技术,主要是通过机器学习技术。
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引用次数: 1
A Sugeno-Fuzzy Tuning Approach of Weighting Factor in Model Predictive Control for PV Grid-Tied PUC7 Multi-Level Inverter PV并网PUC7多级逆变器模型预测控制中权重因子的Sugeno-Fuzzy整定方法
Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/SGRE53517.2022.9774159
B. Talbi, F. Krim, Abdelbaset Laib, Abdeslem Sahli, B. Babes
Recently, the application of model predictive control (MPC) in energy conversion systems has been extensively investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Different MPC techniques have been proposed to control multi-level inverters in grid-tied operation, permitting high performance and fast dynamic response. The optimization employed in MPC strategies is based on a cost function minimization, where control purposes are combined by using weighting factors. Nevertheless, the choice of weighting factors is attained through offline and online search approaches and they are heavily dependent on the system parameters. To overcome this drawback, an online tuning of weighting factor based on Sugeno-fuzzy approach in MPC for photovoltaic (PV) grid-tied system using PUC7 (Seven-level packed U-cell) inverter is suggested in this work. Simulation tests are presented to confirm the performance of the proposed control strategy.
近年来,模型预测控制(MPC)在能量转换系统中的应用得到了广泛的理论和实验研究。不同的MPC技术被提出用于控制并网运行的多级逆变器,以实现高性能和快速动态响应。MPC策略中采用的优化是基于成本函数最小化的,其中控制目的通过使用加权因子进行组合。然而,权重因子的选择是通过离线和在线搜索方法获得的,它们严重依赖于系统参数。为了克服这一缺点,本文提出了一种基于Sugeno-fuzzy方法的PV并网系统MPC加权因子在线整定方法。仿真实验验证了所提控制策略的有效性。
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引用次数: 3
Single-Inductor Buck–Boost Inverter Based Transformerless Dynamic Voltage Restorer 基于单电感降压升压逆变器的无变压器动态电压恢复器
Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/SGRE53517.2022.9774054
N. Guler, Farzaneh Bagheri, S. Bayhan, H. Komurcugil
In this paper, a single-inductor buck-boost (SIBB)inverter-based transformerless dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is proposed. Since the conventional inverters operate in buck mode, the input dc source voltage should be higher than the compensating voltage. Therefore, the voltage level of the input source is important for the conventional inverters. Contrary to the conventional inverters, SIBB inverters can be operated in a wide input voltage range. Therefore, the proposed SIBB based DVR eliminates the high dc voltage source necessity. The control of SIBB based transformerless DVR is achieved by the super twisting sliding mode control (SMC) method. The effectiveness of the proposed SIBB based transformerless DVR and control method is investigated by simulation studies. The results reveal that the voltage sag and swells in the grid voltage are successfully compensated by the proposed SIBB based transformerless DVR. Moreover, the voltage compensation capability is tested for a large variation in the input dc voltage. It is shown that the proposed SIBB based transformerless DVR successfully compensates voltage deviations in the grid voltage under both buck and boost modes.
本文提出了一种基于单电感buck-boost (SIBB)逆变器的无变压器动态电压恢复器(DVR)。由于传统逆变器工作在降压模式,输入直流源电压应高于补偿电压。因此,输入电源的电压电平对传统逆变器来说是很重要的。与传统的逆变器不同,SIBB逆变器可以在很宽的输入电压范围内工作。因此,所提出的基于SIBB的DVR消除了对高直流电压源的需求。采用超扭滑模控制(SMC)方法实现了基于SIBB的无变压器DVR的控制。通过仿真研究,验证了基于SIBB的无变压器DVR和控制方法的有效性。结果表明,所提出的基于SIBB的无变压器DVR可以有效地补偿电网电压的暂降和波动。此外,测试了输入直流电压变化较大时的电压补偿能力。结果表明,基于SIBB的无变压器DVR在降压和升压两种模式下都能成功地补偿电网电压偏差。
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引用次数: 0
Harmonic Mitigation and DC Offset Rejection for Grid-tied DSTATCOM with CESOGI-WPF Control 基于CESOGI-WPF控制的并网DSTATCOM谐波抑制与直流偏置抑制
Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/SGRE53517.2022.9774064
Arobinda Dash, Utkal Ranjan Muduli, K. A. Jaafari, K. A. Hosani, A. Iqbal, R. Behera
In the distribution network, a distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) is used to address issues such as reactive power control, harmonic suppression, and the balancing of grid-side current. This paper presents a cascaded enhanced second-order general integrator with a prefilter (CESOGI-WPF) control technique for DSTATCOM. In addition to the prevention of non-sinusoidal load currents, the proposed control approach allows for the extraction of the positive sequence and fundamental components from distorted grid voltages. Various loading scenarios, steady-state conditions, and dynamic conditions are examined to assess the performance of the proposed controller. Based on the results of this work, the existing controllers were compared with respect to their Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), steadystate error, and computational complexity. A prototype of the proposed control scheme has been validated experimentally in a laboratory setting. It has been observed that the % THD of the grid current is maintained according to IEEE-519 harmonic standard and that the grid-tied DSTATCOM is reliable under all load conditions.
在配电网中,采用配电静态补偿器(DSTATCOM)来解决无功功率控制、谐波抑制和电网侧电流平衡等问题。提出了一种用于DSTATCOM的带预滤波器的级联增强二阶一般积分器(CESOGI-WPF)控制技术。除了防止非正弦负载电流外,所提出的控制方法还允许从扭曲的电网电压中提取正序和基波分量。各种负载场景,稳态条件和动态条件进行了检查,以评估所提出的控制器的性能。在此基础上,对现有控制器的总谐波失真(THD)、稳态误差和计算复杂度进行了比较。所提出的控制方案的原型已在实验室环境中进行了实验验证。结果表明,电网电流% THD符合IEEE-519谐波标准,并网DSTATCOM在各种负荷条件下都是可靠的。
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引用次数: 10
A Rule-based Expert System for Home Power Management Incorporating Real-Life Data Sets 结合现实生活数据集的基于规则的家庭电源管理专家系统
Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/SGRE53517.2022.9774212
Daud Mustafa Minhas, J. Meiers, Georg Frey
Photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems are gaining traction as a result of increased energy demands and the global imperative to provide affordable and sustainable energy. A small-scale home area power network (HAPN) is explored in this article, which integrates an intelligent energy management system (iEMS) using a cost-effective power scheduling approach. The purpose of this paper is to examine the proposed iEMS capabilities using real-world yearly data sets on residential energy consumption, electric vehicle driving trends, and electric vehicle battery (dis)charging patterns. Additionally, by integrating a battery life-cycle degradation model, a percentage of EV storage capacity loss is calculated. The comfort of consumers is ensured by matching their energy demands to the least expensive energy supplies. The simulation results illustrate the proposed iEMS behavior utilizing a variety of performance measures, and the ideal scheduling signals for a mix of energy sources are thus presented.
由于能源需求的增加以及全球对提供负担得起的可持续能源的迫切需要,光伏(PV)和电动汽车(EV)系统正在获得牵引力。本文探讨了一种小型家庭区域电网(HAPN),它集成了一个智能能源管理系统(iEMS),采用一种具有成本效益的电力调度方法。本文的目的是使用真实世界的住宅能源消耗、电动汽车驾驶趋势和电动汽车电池(非)充电模式的年度数据集来检查拟议的iEMS功能。此外,通过集成电池寿命周期退化模型,计算出电动汽车存储容量损失的百分比。通过将消费者的能源需求与最便宜的能源供应相匹配,确保了消费者的舒适。仿真结果说明了利用各种性能度量所提出的iEMS行为,从而给出了混合能源的理想调度信号。
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引用次数: 1
Torsional Torques Analysis in Wind Energy System under Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Faults 对称和非对称故障下风能系统扭矩分析
Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/SGRE53517.2022.9774202
Maged F. Bauomy, H. Gamal, A. Shaltout, S. Refaat
The paper presents a comprehensive study of the torsional and electromagnetic torques analysis for fixed speed wind energy system type-l when it is subjected to symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults. A detailed model is developed to simulate the dynamic behavior of the wind energy system elements which includes wind turbine, induction generator and drive train. This study is intended to analyze deeply the corresponding torques of the induction generator and a special attention is given to investigate the shaft torsional torque happened during the fault current. The simulation results show that there is a high negative impact appeared on the generator torque at the instant of fault followed by higher hazardous torsional shaft torques which may resulting a fatigue impact on the driving shaft.
本文综合研究了一类固定风速风能系统在对称和非对称故障下的扭振和电磁转矩分析。建立了一个详细的模型来模拟包括风力机、感应发电机和传动系统在内的风能系统元件的动态行为。本研究旨在深入分析感应发电机的相应转矩,并重点研究故障电流过程中发生的轴扭转矩。仿真结果表明,故障瞬间对发电机转矩产生较大的负冲击,进而产生较大的危险扭轴转矩,可能对传动轴产生疲劳冲击。
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引用次数: 0
A Pilot Project for Power Quality Improvements in Distribution System by a Li-ion Battery 锂离子电池改善配电系统电能质量的试点项目
Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/SGRE53517.2022.9774167
Alper Çetin, Caner Ozen, A. Bayatmakoo, Kerim Kaya, Gokturk Poyrazoglu
Power quality (PQ) metrics deterioration occurs in the distribution system by increasing the distributed generation plants, the existence of non-linear and harmonic loads. As a distribution system operator running under the Turkishelectricity regulation, a battery investment was made to improve PQ metrics to provide quality electricity service to customers by focusing on Volt/VAr optimization to obtain voltage stability parameters. The reverse power flow caused by the distributed generation can be eliminated and the power factor would be improved with the reactive support with this investment. This study includes the reasons for the battery pilot project, the engineering methodology, and post-solution improvements.
分布式发电机组的增加、非线性负荷和谐波负荷的存在会导致配电系统电能质量指标的恶化。作为一家在土耳其电力监管下运行的配电系统运营商,该公司对电池进行了投资,以改善PQ指标,通过专注于Volt/VAr优化以获得电压稳定参数,为客户提供优质的电力服务。该投资可以消除分布式发电产生的反向潮流,并通过无功支持提高功率因数。本研究包括电池试点项目的原因、工程方法和解决方案后的改进。
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引用次数: 3
Challenges and Opportunities for Car Retail Business in Electric Vehicle Charging Ecosystem 电动汽车充电生态系统下汽车零售业务的挑战与机遇
Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/SGRE53517.2022.9774055
Kathleen Davies, I. S. Bayram, S. Galloway
Mainstream electric vehicle adoption (EV) is essen-tial to decarbonise the transportation sector. Car retail business needs to be transformed in many countries to meet legislative requirements that ban the sale of new petrol and diesel cars. To that end, this paper surveys the opportunities and challenges for car dealerships who could become key players in transport electrification. The challenges are identified as deploying charging infrastructure at business sites, keeping EV batteries healthy until they are sold, and lack of standards and protocols for chargers and communication systems. On the other hand, right investments could make car dealers main players in the energy markets. A number of opportunities, including providing ancillary services and public charging access, as well as reuse of old EV batteries, are discussed in detail. Such considerations are critical in this early stage of designing charging stations for the future of net-zero economies.
主流电动汽车的采用(EV)对交通运输部门的脱碳至关重要。许多国家的汽车零售业务需要转型,以满足禁止销售新的汽油和柴油汽车的立法要求。为此,本文调查了汽车经销商的机遇和挑战,他们可能成为交通电气化的关键参与者。面临的挑战包括在商业场所部署充电基础设施,在销售之前保持电动汽车电池的健康,以及缺乏充电器和通信系统的标准和协议。另一方面,正确的投资可以使汽车经销商成为能源市场的主要参与者。详细讨论了一些机会,包括提供辅助服务和公共充电通道,以及旧电动汽车电池的再利用。在为未来的净零经济设计充电站的早期阶段,这些考虑是至关重要的。
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引用次数: 1
Single-Stage Series-Connected Isolated Converters for MVAC to DC Applications 用于MVAC到DC应用的单级串联隔离转换器
Pub Date : 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/SGRE53517.2022.9774185
A. Blinov, A. Chub, D. Vinnikov, S. Bayhan
This paper presents an novel fast electric vehicle (EV) charger configuration suitable for direct medium voltage (MV) connection. The idea is based on the multi-cell boost (MCB) structure and shares its advantages in terms of modularity, low line inductor requirements, high-frequency isolation and good semiconductor utilization. However, instead of using a two-stage conversion approach, where each cell includes power factor correction (PFC) rectifier that is followed by isolated dc-dc converters, a single-sage approach is implemented. In this case both PFC and isolation functions are realized with a single cell based on isolated current source converters (CSCs). The topology structure and its possible configurations are presented, followed by some design considerations. Next, some of the possible CSC topologies suitable for the proposed single-stage MCB cell are described, followed by simulation and benchmarking of selected topologies.
提出了一种适用于中压直接连接的新型快速电动汽车充电器结构。该想法基于多单元升压(MCB)结构,并在模块化,低线电感要求,高频隔离和良好的半导体利用率方面共享其优势。然而,与使用两级转换方法(每个单元包括功率因数校正(PFC)整流器,然后是隔离的dc-dc转换器)不同,实现了单级转换方法。在这种情况下,PFC和隔离功能都是通过基于隔离电流源转换器(CSCs)的单个单元实现的。介绍了拓扑结构及其可能的配置,然后给出了一些设计注意事项。接下来,描述了适合所提出的单级MCB单元的一些可能的CSC拓扑,然后对所选拓扑进行仿真和基准测试。
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引用次数: 1
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智能电网与可再生能源(英文)
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