Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7880893
Yanan Liu, Xianbin Wang, Xiaoyu Duan, Hai-Hsing Lin
Nowadays, data traffic in-car communication is increasing dramatically, due to the emerging technology of self-driving and on-board infotainment applications. The direct connections between vehicles and cellular infrastructures will introduce significant signalling overhead and excessive energy consumption, especially for congested and fast moving traffic. In order to improve energy efficiency and achieve green networking, an heterogeneous network, 5G-Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (5GVANET) is presented in this paper, which coupling the high data rates of VANET and the wide coverage area of 5G. In this integrated architecture, vehicles are clustered accordingly, and one vehicle in each cluster is selected as a gateway to support aggregated traffic. To ensure the capacity of the trunk link between the gateway and base station, a Non- orthogonal Multiplexed Modulation (NOMM) scheme is proposed in this paper to effectively aggregate the Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) traffic and further improve energy efficiency. NOMM splits data stream of each user into multi-layers and modulate them simultaneously. Sparse spreading code is also applied in partially superposing the modulated symbols on several resource blocks. Furthermore, we analyzed the energy efficiency of proposed NOMM scheme and traditional M-QAM theoretically. It was also validated by simulation results that NOMM provides less power consumption than M-QAM modulation.
{"title":"Aggregated V2I Communications for Improved Energy Efficiency Using Non-Orthogonal Multiplexed Modulation","authors":"Yanan Liu, Xianbin Wang, Xiaoyu Duan, Hai-Hsing Lin","doi":"10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7880893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7880893","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, data traffic in-car communication is increasing dramatically, due to the emerging technology of self-driving and on-board infotainment applications. The direct connections between vehicles and cellular infrastructures will introduce significant signalling overhead and excessive energy consumption, especially for congested and fast moving traffic. In order to improve energy efficiency and achieve green networking, an heterogeneous network, 5G-Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (5GVANET) is presented in this paper, which coupling the high data rates of VANET and the wide coverage area of 5G. In this integrated architecture, vehicles are clustered accordingly, and one vehicle in each cluster is selected as a gateway to support aggregated traffic. To ensure the capacity of the trunk link between the gateway and base station, a Non- orthogonal Multiplexed Modulation (NOMM) scheme is proposed in this paper to effectively aggregate the Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) traffic and further improve energy efficiency. NOMM splits data stream of each user into multi-layers and modulate them simultaneously. Sparse spreading code is also applied in partially superposing the modulated symbols on several resource blocks. Furthermore, we analyzed the energy efficiency of proposed NOMM scheme and traditional M-QAM theoretically. It was also validated by simulation results that NOMM provides less power consumption than M-QAM modulation.","PeriodicalId":6484,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84655826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881124
B. Turan, Omer Narmanlioglu, S. Ergen, M. Uysal
Vehicular hotspots for on-board Internet access using Long Term Evolution (LTE) as the backhaul network has recently gained popularity. Currently, Wi-Fi is the most common technology to provide in-vehicle access, where data has been relayed through on board LTE receiver. Despite its wide acceptance, coexistence and contention based data rate limitations with Wi-Fi necessitates alternatives for in-vehicle data access schemes. This paper investigates the performance of hybrid LTE and visible light communication (VLC) networks using LTE as the backhaul and VLC as the on-board access network.Under the consideration of vehicle interior unique channel characteristics and light emitting diode (LED) deployment flexibility, best transmitter configuration using repetition coding (RC) and spatial multiplexing (SM) multiple input multiple output (MIMO)modes is determined. Proposed configurations based on direct current biased optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(DCO-OFDM) are compared with respect to their bit-error-rate (BER) performances. Furthermore, the performance of intravehicular VLC networks for single and multi-user scenarios is investigated.
{"title":"On the Performance of MIMO OFDM-Based Intra-Vehicular VLC Networks","authors":"B. Turan, Omer Narmanlioglu, S. Ergen, M. Uysal","doi":"10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881124","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicular hotspots for on-board Internet access using Long Term Evolution (LTE) as the backhaul network has recently gained popularity. Currently, Wi-Fi is the most common technology to provide in-vehicle access, where data has been relayed through on board LTE receiver. Despite its wide acceptance, coexistence and contention based data rate limitations with Wi-Fi necessitates alternatives for in-vehicle data access schemes. This paper investigates the performance of hybrid LTE and visible light communication (VLC) networks using LTE as the backhaul and VLC as the on-board access network.Under the consideration of vehicle interior unique channel characteristics and light emitting diode (LED) deployment flexibility, best transmitter configuration using repetition coding (RC) and spatial multiplexing (SM) multiple input multiple output (MIMO)modes is determined. Proposed configurations based on direct current biased optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(DCO-OFDM) are compared with respect to their bit-error-rate (BER) performances. Furthermore, the performance of intravehicular VLC networks for single and multi-user scenarios is investigated.","PeriodicalId":6484,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88786135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881029
Junhui Zhao, Shangyao Wang, X. Liu, Yi Gong
In this paper, a non-stationary geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) for high-speed train (HST) MIMO channels is proposed. The proposed model employs geometry-based elliptical scattering model, where the received signal is a superposition of line-of-sight (LOS) and single- bounced rays. The time-varying reference system is introduced to more accurately characterize the non-stationarity of HST MIMO channels caused by the high speed factor. Based on the proposed model, the 2D space cross- correlation function (CCF) and the temporal autocorrelation function (ACF) are derived, simulated under both of isotropic and non-isotropic scattering conditions, and discussed in detail.
{"title":"Geometry-Based Stochastic Modeling for Non-Stationary High-Speed Train MIMO Channels","authors":"Junhui Zhao, Shangyao Wang, X. Liu, Yi Gong","doi":"10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881029","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a non-stationary geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) for high-speed train (HST) MIMO channels is proposed. The proposed model employs geometry-based elliptical scattering model, where the received signal is a superposition of line-of-sight (LOS) and single- bounced rays. The time-varying reference system is introduced to more accurately characterize the non-stationarity of HST MIMO channels caused by the high speed factor. Based on the proposed model, the 2D space cross- correlation function (CCF) and the temporal autocorrelation function (ACF) are derived, simulated under both of isotropic and non-isotropic scattering conditions, and discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":6484,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84734848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7880963
Fatima Hussain, A. Ferworn
The applications and usage of the internet is expanding on a daily basis and the Internet of Things (IoT) is fast becoming the new approach for incorporating the internet into our personal, professional and social lives. IoT enables a wide variety of devices to inter-operate through the existing internet infrastructure. Capillary networks are proposed as a fundamental part of loT development, and will enable local sensor and devices to connect efficiently with other ubiquitous communication networks such as cellular systems. In this paper, we apply the Q-learning algorithm for the scheduling of capillary gateways for (M2M) communication in IoT networks. Q-learning algorithm is used to select conflict- free slot assignment for these gateways in a self-organizing manner. We analyze the performance of the proposed algorithm with respect to learning rates and rewards.
{"title":"Distributed Slot Allocation in Capillary Gateways for Internet of Things Networks","authors":"Fatima Hussain, A. Ferworn","doi":"10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7880963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7880963","url":null,"abstract":"The applications and usage of the internet is expanding on a daily basis and the Internet of Things (IoT) is fast becoming the new approach for incorporating the internet into our personal, professional and social lives. IoT enables a wide variety of devices to inter-operate through the existing internet infrastructure. Capillary networks are proposed as a fundamental part of loT development, and will enable local sensor and devices to connect efficiently with other ubiquitous communication networks such as cellular systems. In this paper, we apply the Q-learning algorithm for the scheduling of capillary gateways for (M2M) communication in IoT networks. Q-learning algorithm is used to select conflict- free slot assignment for these gateways in a self-organizing manner. We analyze the performance of the proposed algorithm with respect to learning rates and rewards.","PeriodicalId":6484,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77291878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881028
Nardine Basta, A. El-Nahas, H. P. Großmann, Slim Abdennadher
Simulation is a key feature in validating the protocols dedicated for VANET applications. Since the vehicles mobility is driven by the human mobility characteristics and is controlled by the geographical restrictions of the roads, the work presented in this paper is aimed to having a realistic mobility model that incorporates both the social aspects of human mobility together with the geographical restrictions that governs the movement of the mobile nodes. This mobility model is dedicated for testing the protocols related to the delay tolerant applications where unicasting/multicasting is used for data dissemination rather than broadcasting. Thus location awareness and destination prediction is essential. The model is based on using realistic data sets rather than randomly generated data. Evaluating the technique using the SUMO simulator have proven a range of 80% to 90% of match between the predicted traces and real life data available for evaluation.
{"title":"Generic Geo-Social Mobility Model for VANET","authors":"Nardine Basta, A. El-Nahas, H. P. Großmann, Slim Abdennadher","doi":"10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881028","url":null,"abstract":"Simulation is a key feature in validating the protocols dedicated for VANET applications. Since the vehicles mobility is driven by the human mobility characteristics and is controlled by the geographical restrictions of the roads, the work presented in this paper is aimed to having a realistic mobility model that incorporates both the social aspects of human mobility together with the geographical restrictions that governs the movement of the mobile nodes. This mobility model is dedicated for testing the protocols related to the delay tolerant applications where unicasting/multicasting is used for data dissemination rather than broadcasting. Thus location awareness and destination prediction is essential. The model is based on using realistic data sets rather than randomly generated data. Evaluating the technique using the SUMO simulator have proven a range of 80% to 90% of match between the predicted traces and real life data available for evaluation.","PeriodicalId":6484,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77302435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881072
Petteri Kela, Mário Costa, J. Turkka, Mike Koivisto, J. Werner, Aki Hakkarainen, M. Valkama, R. Jäntti, Kari Leppänen
In this paper we consider transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) beamforming schemes based on the location of the device. In particular, we propose a design methodology for the Tx/Rx beamforming weight-vectors that is based on the departure and arrival angles of the line-of sight (LoS) path between accessnodes (ANds) and user-nodes (UNds). A network-centric extended Kalman filter (EKF) is also proposed for estimating and tracking the directional parameters needed for designing the Tx and Rx beamforming weights. The proposed approach is particularly useful in 5G ultra-dense networks (UDNs) since the high-probability of LoS condition makes it possible to design geometric beams at both Tx and Rx in order to increase the signal-to-interferenceplus- noise ratio (SINR). Moreover, relying on the location of the UNd relative to the ANds makes it possible to replace fullband uplink (UL) reference signals, commonly employed for acquiring the channel-state- information-at-transmitter (CSIT) in time- division-duplex (TDD) systems, by narrowband UL pilots. Also, employing the EKF for tracking the double-directional parameters of the LoS-path allows one to reduce the rate at which UL reference signals are transmitted. Consequently, savings in terms of time frequency resources are achieved compared to beamforming schemes based on full-band CSI. Extensive numerical results are included using a realistic ray-tracing based system-level simulator in ultra-dense 5G network context. Results show that position based beamforming schemes outperform those based on full-band CSI in terms of mean user-throughput even for highly mobile users.
{"title":"Location Based Beamforming in 5G Ultra-Dense Networks","authors":"Petteri Kela, Mário Costa, J. Turkka, Mike Koivisto, J. Werner, Aki Hakkarainen, M. Valkama, R. Jäntti, Kari Leppänen","doi":"10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881072","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we consider transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) beamforming schemes based on the location of the device. In particular, we propose a design methodology for the Tx/Rx beamforming weight-vectors that is based on the departure and arrival angles of the line-of sight (LoS) path between accessnodes (ANds) and user-nodes (UNds). A network-centric extended Kalman filter (EKF) is also proposed for estimating and tracking the directional parameters needed for designing the Tx and Rx beamforming weights. The proposed approach is particularly useful in 5G ultra-dense networks (UDNs) since the high-probability of LoS condition makes it possible to design geometric beams at both Tx and Rx in order to increase the signal-to-interferenceplus- noise ratio (SINR). Moreover, relying on the location of the UNd relative to the ANds makes it possible to replace fullband uplink (UL) reference signals, commonly employed for acquiring the channel-state- information-at-transmitter (CSIT) in time- division-duplex (TDD) systems, by narrowband UL pilots. Also, employing the EKF for tracking the double-directional parameters of the LoS-path allows one to reduce the rate at which UL reference signals are transmitted. Consequently, savings in terms of time frequency resources are achieved compared to beamforming schemes based on full-band CSI. Extensive numerical results are included using a realistic ray-tracing based system-level simulator in ultra-dense 5G network context. Results show that position based beamforming schemes outperform those based on full-band CSI in terms of mean user-throughput even for highly mobile users.","PeriodicalId":6484,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85347724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881002
M. Mushtaq, Syed Ali Hassan, D. Jayakody
Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) has been identified as a key technology for next generation cellular systems. This paper considers a multi-cellular system with large antenna arrays at the base station (BS) and single antenna user terminals (UTs), operating in a time division duplex (TDD) mode, under a composite fading- shadowing environment. In the uplink transmission, the pilot contamination occurs as the UTs transmit pilots to their respective BSs, and the serving BS estimates the channel state information using a minimum mean squared error estimation. This channel information is further used to design beamforming (BF) and regularized zero-forcing (RZF) precoders for downlink (DL) transmission. We analyze the ergodic rates for DL transmission using different precoding schemes and varying shadowing intensity. It has been observed that shadowing does not average out as we increase the number of antennas as opposed to multi-path fading, and the severity of shadowing badly affects the performance of massive MIMO systems.
{"title":"Ergodic Rate Analysis of Massive MIMO Systems in K-Fading Environment","authors":"M. Mushtaq, Syed Ali Hassan, D. Jayakody","doi":"10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881002","url":null,"abstract":"Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) has been identified as a key technology for next generation cellular systems. This paper considers a multi-cellular system with large antenna arrays at the base station (BS) and single antenna user terminals (UTs), operating in a time division duplex (TDD) mode, under a composite fading- shadowing environment. In the uplink transmission, the pilot contamination occurs as the UTs transmit pilots to their respective BSs, and the serving BS estimates the channel state information using a minimum mean squared error estimation. This channel information is further used to design beamforming (BF) and regularized zero-forcing (RZF) precoders for downlink (DL) transmission. We analyze the ergodic rates for DL transmission using different precoding schemes and varying shadowing intensity. It has been observed that shadowing does not average out as we increase the number of antennas as opposed to multi-path fading, and the severity of shadowing badly affects the performance of massive MIMO systems.","PeriodicalId":6484,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91234770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881106
He Li, K. Ota, M. Dong
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) will play an important role in next generation transportation systems, which is expected to be, cost-effective, and adaptable, making it ideal for providing network connection service to drivers and passengers. As a new paradigm of cloud computing, vehicular cloud computing (VCC) will improve scalability and flexibility of VANET services. However, traditional VANETs are hard to support VCC in the absence of network virtualization. In this paper, we propose a combined network virtualization scheme by introducing software defined networking (SDN) to VANETs. We combine two solutions of network isolation to enable network virtualization in software defined VANETs. To optimize the quality of service (QoS) of each virtual VANET, we also model the solution assignment as a non-cooperative game and find the Pareto efficient solution for fair assignment. From the experimental results, the new network virtualization scheme provides a better QoS than original solutions.
{"title":"Network Virtualization Optimization in Software Defined Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks","authors":"He Li, K. Ota, M. Dong","doi":"10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881106","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) will play an important role in next generation transportation systems, which is expected to be, cost-effective, and adaptable, making it ideal for providing network connection service to drivers and passengers. As a new paradigm of cloud computing, vehicular cloud computing (VCC) will improve scalability and flexibility of VANET services. However, traditional VANETs are hard to support VCC in the absence of network virtualization. In this paper, we propose a combined network virtualization scheme by introducing software defined networking (SDN) to VANETs. We combine two solutions of network isolation to enable network virtualization in software defined VANETs. To optimize the quality of service (QoS) of each virtual VANET, we also model the solution assignment as a non-cooperative game and find the Pareto efficient solution for fair assignment. From the experimental results, the new network virtualization scheme provides a better QoS than original solutions.","PeriodicalId":6484,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89828705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881079
Jian Xiong, Cailian Chen, X. Guan, Cunqing Hua
Traffic management, road sensing and multimedia delivery in vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) are application domains whose performance depend on network throughput. Rate adaptation is the key method to maximize the throughput by estimating the current channel qualities and deciding the best bitrate for the next frames. In VANET, rate adaptation is more challenging due to the rapid variation of channel qualities caused by the high speed and density of vehicles. Fortunately, vehicles are subject to certain recurring patterns particularly when vehicles communicate with the road side units (RSU). In this paper, we design and implement a location-related rate adaptation algorithm (LRRA) which combines the historical information stored in database and current channel conditions to jointly maximize the throughput. We evaluate LRRA with outdoor experiments and ns-3 simulations. The results show that LRRA is superior to most current rate adaptation algorithms.
{"title":"LRRA: Location-Related Rate Adaptation Algorithm in IEEE 802.11p for DSRC Technology in VANET","authors":"Jian Xiong, Cailian Chen, X. Guan, Cunqing Hua","doi":"10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7881079","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic management, road sensing and multimedia delivery in vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) are application domains whose performance depend on network throughput. Rate adaptation is the key method to maximize the throughput by estimating the current channel qualities and deciding the best bitrate for the next frames. In VANET, rate adaptation is more challenging due to the rapid variation of channel qualities caused by the high speed and density of vehicles. Fortunately, vehicles are subject to certain recurring patterns particularly when vehicles communicate with the road side units (RSU). In this paper, we design and implement a location-related rate adaptation algorithm (LRRA) which combines the historical information stored in database and current channel conditions to jointly maximize the throughput. We evaluate LRRA with outdoor experiments and ns-3 simulations. The results show that LRRA is superior to most current rate adaptation algorithms.","PeriodicalId":6484,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90839750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-09-01DOI: 10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7880929
Xiaoxing Gao, Lei Tian, Pan Tang, Tao Jiang, Baoling Liu, Jian-hua Zhang
The millimeter-wave band will be one of the most key components in the next generation wireless communication system. In this paper, a radio channel measurement was conducted in an indoor office environment at 28 GHz with 500 MHz bandwidth. The channel sounder with the clock synchronization was used to measure in both line-of-sight (LoS) and none- line-of-sight (NLoS) scenarios. The channel impulse responses (CIRs) are recorded with an omnidirectional antenna at TX and a horizontal-rotating horn antenna fixed at the same height at RX as references. The space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithm was applied to extract the channel characteristics of multipath components (MPCs) from the synthesized CIRs, and then the direct synthesized CIRs and the CIRs constructed from SAGE results were compared in terms of power delay profiles (PDPs) and power angular spread (PAS). It is found that the reconstructed results closely approximate real results. In addition, the cluster numbers and the inner-cluster root mean square (RMS) angle spreads are drawn after the clustering analysis and they cohere with the changes of the corresponding surrounding environment of the point, regardless of LoS or NLoS. The wireless channel propagation at 28 GHz is heavily dependent on the environment because the linear and reflective propagation are the main mode of transmission.
{"title":"Channel Characteristics Analysis of Angle and Clustering in Indoor Office Environment at 28 GHz","authors":"Xiaoxing Gao, Lei Tian, Pan Tang, Tao Jiang, Baoling Liu, Jian-hua Zhang","doi":"10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7880929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTCFall.2016.7880929","url":null,"abstract":"The millimeter-wave band will be one of the most key components in the next generation wireless communication system. In this paper, a radio channel measurement was conducted in an indoor office environment at 28 GHz with 500 MHz bandwidth. The channel sounder with the clock synchronization was used to measure in both line-of-sight (LoS) and none- line-of-sight (NLoS) scenarios. The channel impulse responses (CIRs) are recorded with an omnidirectional antenna at TX and a horizontal-rotating horn antenna fixed at the same height at RX as references. The space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithm was applied to extract the channel characteristics of multipath components (MPCs) from the synthesized CIRs, and then the direct synthesized CIRs and the CIRs constructed from SAGE results were compared in terms of power delay profiles (PDPs) and power angular spread (PAS). It is found that the reconstructed results closely approximate real results. In addition, the cluster numbers and the inner-cluster root mean square (RMS) angle spreads are drawn after the clustering analysis and they cohere with the changes of the corresponding surrounding environment of the point, regardless of LoS or NLoS. The wireless channel propagation at 28 GHz is heavily dependent on the environment because the linear and reflective propagation are the main mode of transmission.","PeriodicalId":6484,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE 84th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73475921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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