Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007641
Yoshiaki Sakakura
We propose a household power consumption simulator with a compact representation of household occupant behaviors. The proposed simulator models a working cycle of occupant behavior using start time intervals and duration. Such easily interpreted and compact parameter representation simplifies the operation processes of the simulator in trials involving energy management services. Based on a numerical experiment and theoretical analysis, we reveal that the proposed simulator can simulate power consumption more accurately in terms of a temporal drift compared to conventional simulators, in spite of the limitation of model complexity.
{"title":"Household power consumption simulator with compact representation of occupant behaviors","authors":"Yoshiaki Sakakura","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007641","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a household power consumption simulator with a compact representation of household occupant behaviors. The proposed simulator models a working cycle of occupant behavior using start time intervals and duration. Such easily interpreted and compact parameter representation simplifies the operation processes of the simulator in trials involving energy management services. Based on a numerical experiment and theoretical analysis, we reveal that the proposed simulator can simulate power consumption more accurately in terms of a temporal drift compared to conventional simulators, in spite of the limitation of model complexity.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"24 6","pages":"170-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91432270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007651
Yuxin Wan, Junwei Cao, Huaying Zhang, Zhengguo Zhu, Senjing Yao
One of the most important features in smart grid is power system self-healing and power quality improvement. Power quality monitoring is essential to realize this feature. Installing power quality monitors (PQM) in every component of the power network is not feasible due to economic reasons. So how to find the optimal number and locations of power quality monitors while maintaining system observability becomes an important problem. The major contribution of this paper includes providing the model for PQM optimization problem considering both system observability and fault location constraints. The model is then formulized as an integer linear problem and reduced to a group of k-median decision problems. A local search algorithm is proposed to solve the problem. The IEEE 14 bus network is utilized as a case study. Algorithm efficiency is evaluated using Matlab tools and compared with an existing branch and bound algorithm. Experimental results show that proposed algorithm is more than an order of magnitude faster than current algorithm while maintain the accuracy of results.
{"title":"Optimization of the power quality monitor number in Smart Grid","authors":"Yuxin Wan, Junwei Cao, Huaying Zhang, Zhengguo Zhu, Senjing Yao","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007651","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important features in smart grid is power system self-healing and power quality improvement. Power quality monitoring is essential to realize this feature. Installing power quality monitors (PQM) in every component of the power network is not feasible due to economic reasons. So how to find the optimal number and locations of power quality monitors while maintaining system observability becomes an important problem. The major contribution of this paper includes providing the model for PQM optimization problem considering both system observability and fault location constraints. The model is then formulized as an integer linear problem and reduced to a group of k-median decision problems. A local search algorithm is proposed to solve the problem. The IEEE 14 bus network is utilized as a case study. Algorithm efficiency is evaluated using Matlab tools and compared with an existing branch and bound algorithm. Experimental results show that proposed algorithm is more than an order of magnitude faster than current algorithm while maintain the accuracy of results.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"52 1","pages":"230-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86873556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007622
P. Pflaum, M. Alamir, Mohamed Yacine Lamoudi
This paper deals with energy management in smart districts using distributed model predictive control (DMPC). We investigate two decomposition methods, primal and dual decomposition, for problems where a shared resource has to be distributed optimally amongst sub systems. The objective is to compare these two decomposition methods with a focus on how well they are suited in the context of smart district energy management. In primal decomposition a coordinator layer is directly affecting resource limits to the sub problems whereas in dual decomposition virtual prices are used to stimulate the sub areas to change their resource consumption behavior in a desired way. Both methods are demonstrated to be able to converge to the globally optimal energy distribution in simulations, provided that the limit on the shared resource is chosen in a reasonable range. This result is particularly interesting regarding the fact that in the dual decomposition case, the number of degrees of freedom of the coordinator problem is only a fraction of the number of degrees of freedom in primal decomposition.
{"title":"Comparison of a primal and a dual decomposition for distributed MPC in smart districts","authors":"P. Pflaum, M. Alamir, Mohamed Yacine Lamoudi","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007622","url":null,"abstract":"This paper deals with energy management in smart districts using distributed model predictive control (DMPC). We investigate two decomposition methods, primal and dual decomposition, for problems where a shared resource has to be distributed optimally amongst sub systems. The objective is to compare these two decomposition methods with a focus on how well they are suited in the context of smart district energy management. In primal decomposition a coordinator layer is directly affecting resource limits to the sub problems whereas in dual decomposition virtual prices are used to stimulate the sub areas to change their resource consumption behavior in a desired way. Both methods are demonstrated to be able to converge to the globally optimal energy distribution in simulations, provided that the limit on the shared resource is chosen in a reasonable range. This result is particularly interesting regarding the fact that in the dual decomposition case, the number of degrees of freedom of the coordinator problem is only a fraction of the number of degrees of freedom in primal decomposition.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"57 1","pages":"55-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84699457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007702
J. Liao, Georgia Elafoudi, L. Stanković, V. Stanković
We propose two algorithms for power load disaggregation at low-sampling rates (greater than 1sec): a low-complexity, supervised approach based on Decision Trees and an unsupervised method based on Dynamic Time Warping. Both proposed algorithms share common pre-classification steps. We provide reproducible algorithmic description and benchmark the proposed methods with a state-of-the-art Hidden Markov Model (HMM)-based approach. Experimental results using three US and three UK households, show that both proposed methods outperform the HMM-based approach and are capable of disaggregating a range of domestic loads even when the training period is very short.
{"title":"Non-intrusive appliance load monitoring using low-resolution smart meter data","authors":"J. Liao, Georgia Elafoudi, L. Stanković, V. Stanković","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007702","url":null,"abstract":"We propose two algorithms for power load disaggregation at low-sampling rates (greater than 1sec): a low-complexity, supervised approach based on Decision Trees and an unsupervised method based on Dynamic Time Warping. Both proposed algorithms share common pre-classification steps. We provide reproducible algorithmic description and benchmark the proposed methods with a state-of-the-art Hidden Markov Model (HMM)-based approach. Experimental results using three US and three UK households, show that both proposed methods outperform the HMM-based approach and are capable of disaggregating a range of domestic loads even when the training period is very short.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"312 1","pages":"535-540"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89955999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007650
A. Pinomaa, J. Ahola, A. Kosonen, P. Nuutinen
Communication is needed in modern smart grids (SGs) for instance in load control, automatic metering infrastructure (AMI), and grid monitoring and protection. Power line communication (PLC) is studied as the data transmission solution for a low-voltage direct current (LVDC) electricity distribution system in the DC grid; channel analysis, noise in the channel, and the performance of both the narrowband and broadband PLC have been studied previously. However, the applicability and performance of PLC in the grid end from the customer-end inverter (CEI), which converts the low-voltage DC back to 230/400 AC, to the customer loads has not been studied. The load control takes place in the customer utility box (CUB) on the customer premises. The channel in the grid end is challenging; the CEI, implemented with power-electronic switches, generates impulsive noise both to the DC and AC networks, and presents the major noise source in the PLC channel. Thus, the customer-end AC network is studied by measurements and data transmission tests. In addition, the PLC network architecture for the whole LVDC system is proposed.
{"title":"Power line communication network for a customer-end AC grid in an LVDC distribution system","authors":"A. Pinomaa, J. Ahola, A. Kosonen, P. Nuutinen","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007650","url":null,"abstract":"Communication is needed in modern smart grids (SGs) for instance in load control, automatic metering infrastructure (AMI), and grid monitoring and protection. Power line communication (PLC) is studied as the data transmission solution for a low-voltage direct current (LVDC) electricity distribution system in the DC grid; channel analysis, noise in the channel, and the performance of both the narrowband and broadband PLC have been studied previously. However, the applicability and performance of PLC in the grid end from the customer-end inverter (CEI), which converts the low-voltage DC back to 230/400 AC, to the customer loads has not been studied. The load control takes place in the customer utility box (CUB) on the customer premises. The channel in the grid end is challenging; the CEI, implemented with power-electronic switches, generates impulsive noise both to the DC and AC networks, and presents the major noise source in the PLC channel. Thus, the customer-end AC network is studied by measurements and data transmission tests. In addition, the PLC network architecture for the whole LVDC system is proposed.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"37 1","pages":"224-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89978387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007694
D. Chang, Joe Lee, Tzer-Hso Lin
Satellite services for users in smart grids may be studied from the perspectives of market and technology. Economic variation has led to the transition of satellite communications services among different spectrum segments. The short-term demand for capacity drives the potentially increased use of satellites operating in high frequency band. However, satellite transponders at moderate frequency band may enjoy lower cost as compared with its counterpart in higher frequency band. There have been many satellites covering different service areas, which may constitute a considerable amount of revenue in satellite services. On the other hand, some satellite communication terminals may be manufactured and installed in order to use some waveforms. Satellite communications systems shall enable satellite operators to service users that employ some waveforms via satellite transponders. Hence the transponders may become accessible for the ground terminals. The operators of satellite communications systems may use a given satellite transponder to service users employing some waveforms within the spectrum of interest.
{"title":"Smart satellites in Smart Grids","authors":"D. Chang, Joe Lee, Tzer-Hso Lin","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007694","url":null,"abstract":"Satellite services for users in smart grids may be studied from the perspectives of market and technology. Economic variation has led to the transition of satellite communications services among different spectrum segments. The short-term demand for capacity drives the potentially increased use of satellites operating in high frequency band. However, satellite transponders at moderate frequency band may enjoy lower cost as compared with its counterpart in higher frequency band. There have been many satellites covering different service areas, which may constitute a considerable amount of revenue in satellite services. On the other hand, some satellite communication terminals may be manufactured and installed in order to use some waveforms. Satellite communications systems shall enable satellite operators to service users that employ some waveforms via satellite transponders. Hence the transponders may become accessible for the ground terminals. The operators of satellite communications systems may use a given satellite transponder to service users employing some waveforms within the spectrum of interest.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"171 1","pages":"487-492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76722339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007704
S. Barker, Mohamed Musthag, David E. Irwin, P. Shenoy
An increasing interest in energy-efficiency combined with the decreasing cost of embedded networked sensors is lowering the cost of outlet-level metering. If these trends continue, new buildings in the near future will be able to install “smart” outlets, which monitor and transmit an outlets power usage in real time, for nearly the same cost as conventional outlets. One problem with the pervasive deployment of smart outlets is that users must currently identify the specific device plugged into each meter, and then manually update the outlets meta-data in software whenever a new device is plugged into the outlet. Correct meta-data is important in both interpreting historical outlet energy data and using the data for building management. To address this problem, we propose Non-Intrusive Load Identification (NILI), which automatically identifies the device attached to a smart outlet without any human intervention. In particular, in our approach to NILI, we identify an intuitive and simple-to-compute set of features from time-series energy data and then employ well-known classifiers. Our results achieve accuracy of over 90% across 15 device types on outlet-level energy traces collected from multiple real homes.
{"title":"Non-intrusive load identification for smart outlets","authors":"S. Barker, Mohamed Musthag, David E. Irwin, P. Shenoy","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007704","url":null,"abstract":"An increasing interest in energy-efficiency combined with the decreasing cost of embedded networked sensors is lowering the cost of outlet-level metering. If these trends continue, new buildings in the near future will be able to install “smart” outlets, which monitor and transmit an outlets power usage in real time, for nearly the same cost as conventional outlets. One problem with the pervasive deployment of smart outlets is that users must currently identify the specific device plugged into each meter, and then manually update the outlets meta-data in software whenever a new device is plugged into the outlet. Correct meta-data is important in both interpreting historical outlet energy data and using the data for building management. To address this problem, we propose Non-Intrusive Load Identification (NILI), which automatically identifies the device attached to a smart outlet without any human intervention. In particular, in our approach to NILI, we identify an intuitive and simple-to-compute set of features from time-series energy data and then employ well-known classifiers. Our results achieve accuracy of over 90% across 15 device types on outlet-level energy traces collected from multiple real homes.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"7 1","pages":"548-553"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79655933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007703
Deokwoo Jung, V. Krishna, W. G. Temple, David K. Y. Yau
Before a building can participate in a demand response program, its facility managers must characterize the site's ability to reduce load. Today, this is often done through manual audit processes and prototypical control strategies. In this paper, we propose a new approach to estimate a building's demand response capacity using detailed data from various sensors installed in a building. We derive a formula for a probabilistic measure that characterizes various tradeoffs between the available demand response capacity and the confidence level associated with that curtailment under the constraints of building occupant comfort level (or utility). Then, we develop a data-driven framework to associate observed or projected building energy consumption with a particular set of rules learned from a large sensor dataset. We apply this methodology using testbeds in two buildings in Singapore: a unique net-zero energy building and a modern commercial office building. Our experimental results identify key control parameters and provide insight into the available demand response strategies at each site.
{"title":"Data-driven evaluation of building demand response capacity","authors":"Deokwoo Jung, V. Krishna, W. G. Temple, David K. Y. Yau","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007703","url":null,"abstract":"Before a building can participate in a demand response program, its facility managers must characterize the site's ability to reduce load. Today, this is often done through manual audit processes and prototypical control strategies. In this paper, we propose a new approach to estimate a building's demand response capacity using detailed data from various sensors installed in a building. We derive a formula for a probabilistic measure that characterizes various tradeoffs between the available demand response capacity and the confidence level associated with that curtailment under the constraints of building occupant comfort level (or utility). Then, we develop a data-driven framework to associate observed or projected building energy consumption with a particular set of rules learned from a large sensor dataset. We apply this methodology using testbeds in two buildings in Singapore: a unique net-zero energy building and a modern commercial office building. Our experimental results identify key control parameters and provide insight into the available demand response strategies at each site.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"4 4 1","pages":"541-547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78859106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007621
S. Bahrami, V. Wong, J. Jatskevich
The presence of distributed generators with DC output power and the advancement in power electronics devices have motivated system planners and grid operators to move towards integration of DC microgrids into conventional AC grid. In this paper, we address the optimal power flow (OPF) problem in AC-DC networks. The goal of the AC-DC OPF problem is to jointly minimize the total electricity generation cost of the network and the cost of transferring active power from the AC grid to the DC microgrids. The optimization problem is subject to the power flow constraints, voltage magnitude limits, the limits of the network power lines, and the limits imposed by the power ratings of AC-DC power electronic converters. The formulated AC-DC OPF problem is shown to be nonlinear. We propose an approach to reformulate the AC-DC OPF problem as an equivalent traditional AC OPF problem. Due to the non-convexity of the AC OPF problem, we use convex relaxation techniques and transform the problem to a semidefinite program (SDP). We show that the relaxation gap is zero. That is the optimal solution of the non-convex and the transformed convex problems are equal. Simulation studies are performed on an IEEE 14-bus system connected to two 9-bus DC microgrids. We show that the sufficient condition for the zero relaxation gap is satisfied, and the proposed SDP approach enables us to find the global optimal solution efficiently.
具有直流输出功率的分布式发电机的出现和电力电子设备的进步促使系统规划者和电网运营商朝着将直流微电网集成到传统交流电网的方向发展。本文主要研究交直流网络中的最优潮流问题。交直流OPF问题的目标是共同使电网的总发电成本和从交流电网向直流微电网输送有功功率的成本最小。优化问题受到潮流约束、电压幅值限制、网络电力线限制以及交直流电力电子变换器额定功率限制的制约。所建立的交直流OPF问题是非线性的。我们提出了一种将AC- dc OPF问题重新表述为等效的传统AC OPF问题的方法。由于AC OPF问题的非凸性，我们利用凸松弛技术将问题转化为半定规划(SDP)。我们证明松弛间隙为零。即非凸问题与变换后的凸问题的最优解是相等的。在连接两个9总线直流微电网的IEEE 14总线系统上进行了仿真研究。结果表明，该方法满足松弛间隙为零的充分条件，能够有效地找到全局最优解。
{"title":"Optimal power flow for AC-DC networks","authors":"S. Bahrami, V. Wong, J. Jatskevich","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007621","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of distributed generators with DC output power and the advancement in power electronics devices have motivated system planners and grid operators to move towards integration of DC microgrids into conventional AC grid. In this paper, we address the optimal power flow (OPF) problem in AC-DC networks. The goal of the AC-DC OPF problem is to jointly minimize the total electricity generation cost of the network and the cost of transferring active power from the AC grid to the DC microgrids. The optimization problem is subject to the power flow constraints, voltage magnitude limits, the limits of the network power lines, and the limits imposed by the power ratings of AC-DC power electronic converters. The formulated AC-DC OPF problem is shown to be nonlinear. We propose an approach to reformulate the AC-DC OPF problem as an equivalent traditional AC OPF problem. Due to the non-convexity of the AC OPF problem, we use convex relaxation techniques and transform the problem to a semidefinite program (SDP). We show that the relaxation gap is zero. That is the optimal solution of the non-convex and the transformed convex problems are equal. Simulation studies are performed on an IEEE 14-bus system connected to two 9-bus DC microgrids. We show that the sufficient condition for the zero relaxation gap is satisfied, and the proposed SDP approach enables us to find the global optimal solution efficiently.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"45 1","pages":"49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81282932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007710
Luis Garcia, S. Zonouz
For proper security risk management and effective deployment of security solutions in smart grid critical infrastructures, accurate identification and in-depth understanding of threats are crucial. Traditional descriptive threat models are often considered insufficient for accurate and mathematical numerical risk analyses of such critical infrastructures. In this paper, we propose TMQ, a novel and scalable threat model quantification method to create numerical models of various threat categories automatically. In particular, TMQ makes use of several sources of information to quantify the individual threat vectors. First, TMQ utilizes the smart grid network topology and global security access control policies to create a state-based security model for the smart grid using the Markov decision processes formalism. Then, TMQ utilizes traditional descriptive threat models, historical attack reports, intrusion detection logs as well as reports/interviews by/with hackers to quantify adversarial viewpoints of attackers from various threat categories against the smart grid. The result is an automatically generated model with specialized reward functions for each category of attackers. Our experimental results on a smart grid testbed network with several vulnerabilities show that TMQ can accurately quantify traditional descriptive threat models efficiently.
{"title":"TMQ: Threat model quantification in Smart Grid critical infrastructures","authors":"Luis Garcia, S. Zonouz","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007710","url":null,"abstract":"For proper security risk management and effective deployment of security solutions in smart grid critical infrastructures, accurate identification and in-depth understanding of threats are crucial. Traditional descriptive threat models are often considered insufficient for accurate and mathematical numerical risk analyses of such critical infrastructures. In this paper, we propose TMQ, a novel and scalable threat model quantification method to create numerical models of various threat categories automatically. In particular, TMQ makes use of several sources of information to quantify the individual threat vectors. First, TMQ utilizes the smart grid network topology and global security access control policies to create a state-based security model for the smart grid using the Markov decision processes formalism. Then, TMQ utilizes traditional descriptive threat models, historical attack reports, intrusion detection logs as well as reports/interviews by/with hackers to quantify adversarial viewpoints of attackers from various threat categories against the smart grid. The result is an automatically generated model with specialized reward functions for each category of attackers. Our experimental results on a smart grid testbed network with several vulnerabilities show that TMQ can accurately quantify traditional descriptive threat models efficiently.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"369 1","pages":"584-589"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83540051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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