Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007737
M. M. Karbasioun, I. Lambadaris, G. Shaikhet, E. Kranakis
We address the problem of serving plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) in a charging station using a local storage energy unit, with finite capacity. Our goal is to find a control policy minimizing the operational cost of the charging station. We assume that the price of the electrical power unit is determined by a Real Time Pricing scheme, in which, the price of the electrical power is continuously updated with respect to the state of the grid at each time instance. We first model the charging station as a continuous time Markov Decision Process with three control actions: the probability of blocking new arrivals, the rate of charging the battery and the proportion of cars being served by the battery. By using dynamic programming, we prove the existence of the optimal policy minimizing a discounted cost over an infinite time horizon. We also show that it is stationary and bang-bang, i.e. the admissible action set in the optimal policy assumes only the extreme values in the action set.
{"title":"Optimal charging strategies for electrical vehicles under real time pricing","authors":"M. M. Karbasioun, I. Lambadaris, G. Shaikhet, E. Kranakis","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007737","url":null,"abstract":"We address the problem of serving plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) in a charging station using a local storage energy unit, with finite capacity. Our goal is to find a control policy minimizing the operational cost of the charging station. We assume that the price of the electrical power unit is determined by a Real Time Pricing scheme, in which, the price of the electrical power is continuously updated with respect to the state of the grid at each time instance. We first model the charging station as a continuous time Markov Decision Process with three control actions: the probability of blocking new arrivals, the rate of charging the battery and the proportion of cars being served by the battery. By using dynamic programming, we prove the existence of the optimal policy minimizing a discounted cost over an infinite time horizon. We also show that it is stationary and bang-bang, i.e. the admissible action set in the optimal policy assumes only the extreme values in the action set.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"13 1","pages":"746-751"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81887923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007757
D. Mashima, Arnab Roy
Fine-grained energy usage data made available by recent advancement of smart grid technologies benefit not only electricity utility companies but also customers. Nowadays customers can utilize various services by sharing their own energy usage data. At the same time, such utilization and sharing of electricity usage data with a variety of third party service providers may cause privacy concerns. In this paper, we discuss a privacy preserving mechanism for customers' sharing of energy usage data with third parties using non-interactive zero-knowledge proof systems. Under our scheme, a customer can, for each data sharing and disclosure, add noise to her electricity usage data without entirely losing verifiability of data authenticity, thereby retaining utility of data at third parties even for billing or accounting purposes.
{"title":"Privacy preserving disclosure of authenticated energy usage data","authors":"D. Mashima, Arnab Roy","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007757","url":null,"abstract":"Fine-grained energy usage data made available by recent advancement of smart grid technologies benefit not only electricity utility companies but also customers. Nowadays customers can utilize various services by sharing their own energy usage data. At the same time, such utilization and sharing of electricity usage data with a variety of third party service providers may cause privacy concerns. In this paper, we discuss a privacy preserving mechanism for customers' sharing of energy usage data with third parties using non-interactive zero-knowledge proof systems. Under our scheme, a customer can, for each data sharing and disclosure, add noise to her electricity usage data without entirely losing verifiability of data authenticity, thereby retaining utility of data at third parties even for billing or accounting purposes.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"15 1","pages":"866-871"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76254379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007750
Y. Yamaguchi, Anna Ogawa, A. Takeda, S. Iwata
This paper presents exact solution methods for analyzing vulnerability of electric power networks to a certain kind of undetectable attacks known as false data injection attacks. We show that the problems of finding the minimum number of measurement points to be attacked undetectably reduce to minimum cut problems on hypergraphs, which admit efficient combinatorial algorithms. Experimental results indicate that our exact solution methods run as fast as the previous methods, most of which provide only approximate solutions. We also present the outline of an algorithm for enumerating all small cuts in a hypergraph, which can be used for finding vulnerable sets of measurement points.
{"title":"Cyber security analysis of power networks by hypergraph cut algorithms","authors":"Y. Yamaguchi, Anna Ogawa, A. Takeda, S. Iwata","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007750","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents exact solution methods for analyzing vulnerability of electric power networks to a certain kind of undetectable attacks known as false data injection attacks. We show that the problems of finding the minimum number of measurement points to be attacked undetectably reduce to minimum cut problems on hypergraphs, which admit efficient combinatorial algorithms. Experimental results indicate that our exact solution methods run as fast as the previous methods, most of which provide only approximate solutions. We also present the outline of an algorithm for enumerating all small cuts in a hypergraph, which can be used for finding vulnerable sets of measurement points.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"8 1","pages":"824-829"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84139731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007775
Norman Göttert, N. Kuntze, C. Rudolph, Khan Ferdous Wahid
In today's Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) interconnection and reliable communication are valuable properties that enable the controlling and monitoring of various processes-even remotely. Cyber attacks or attacks via local digital interfaces break security requirements by altering software, configurations or control sequences. In such cases, safety requirements can no longer be guaranteed. Further, forged information such as wrong load measurements in power grid scenarios can lead to faulty decisions in the control center and has the potential to cause substantial damage with potentially catastrophic results. To detect and mitigate such kinds of attacks, the Trusted Neighborhood Discovery (TND) protocol introduces a decentralized, hardware-based approach for distributed peer-to-peer security monitoring. It uses hardware-based mutual attestation of the current state of adjacent devices. TND enables efficient monitoring, detection, and location of attacks in distributed infrastructures. The TND protocol is complemented by a Zero-Touch configuration solution for efficient and economic integration of new devices and secure configuration. Both protocols are realized in a proof-of-concept implementation running on commercially available hardware components. By implementing security in hardware roots of trust, the TND solution achieves a higher level of security than software-only based solutions. Even exchanging the entire firmware will be reliably reported.
{"title":"Trusted neighborhood discovery in critical infrastructures","authors":"Norman Göttert, N. Kuntze, C. Rudolph, Khan Ferdous Wahid","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007775","url":null,"abstract":"In today's Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) interconnection and reliable communication are valuable properties that enable the controlling and monitoring of various processes-even remotely. Cyber attacks or attacks via local digital interfaces break security requirements by altering software, configurations or control sequences. In such cases, safety requirements can no longer be guaranteed. Further, forged information such as wrong load measurements in power grid scenarios can lead to faulty decisions in the control center and has the potential to cause substantial damage with potentially catastrophic results. To detect and mitigate such kinds of attacks, the Trusted Neighborhood Discovery (TND) protocol introduces a decentralized, hardware-based approach for distributed peer-to-peer security monitoring. It uses hardware-based mutual attestation of the current state of adjacent devices. TND enables efficient monitoring, detection, and location of attacks in distributed infrastructures. The TND protocol is complemented by a Zero-Touch configuration solution for efficient and economic integration of new devices and secure configuration. Both protocols are realized in a proof-of-concept implementation running on commercially available hardware components. By implementing security in hardware roots of trust, the TND solution achieves a higher level of security than software-only based solutions. Even exchanging the entire firmware will be reliably reported.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"31 1","pages":"976-981"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82683098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007733
Xiaoqi Tan, Yuan Wu, D. Tsang
This paper proposes a mathematical framework for finding the optimal energy trading policy with battery energy storage (BES) under a dynamic pricing environment. We have previously shown that finding the arbitrage value of BES with known historical price data can be solved by iterative linear programming. The objective of the present paper is to show that, when the price information remains unknown, finding the optimal economic value of lifetime-constrained BES falls within the purview of stochastic shortest path problems, and the optimal policy presents the property of a threshold structure. To overcome the dimensionality difficulty, we propose a structure-based aggregation method, i.e., Layer and Group, to construct optimal trading policies. The elegance of this approach lies in its circumventing of the need for exhausted value iteration over the entire state space. Instead, the approach works in a hierarchical and parallel fashion, thus significantly speeding up the convergence to the optimality. Extensive experimental results show that this approach can dramatically reduce the computational complexity, thus contributing to the computationally tractable optimality without requiring any approximation. Numerical simulation also demonstrates the validity of the proposed framework, and various trading insights for practical BES systems have been formed.
{"title":"Optimal energy trading with battery energy storage under dynamic pricing","authors":"Xiaoqi Tan, Yuan Wu, D. Tsang","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007733","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a mathematical framework for finding the optimal energy trading policy with battery energy storage (BES) under a dynamic pricing environment. We have previously shown that finding the arbitrage value of BES with known historical price data can be solved by iterative linear programming. The objective of the present paper is to show that, when the price information remains unknown, finding the optimal economic value of lifetime-constrained BES falls within the purview of stochastic shortest path problems, and the optimal policy presents the property of a threshold structure. To overcome the dimensionality difficulty, we propose a structure-based aggregation method, i.e., Layer and Group, to construct optimal trading policies. The elegance of this approach lies in its circumventing of the need for exhausted value iteration over the entire state space. Instead, the approach works in a hierarchical and parallel fashion, thus significantly speeding up the convergence to the optimality. Extensive experimental results show that this approach can dramatically reduce the computational complexity, thus contributing to the computationally tractable optimality without requiring any approximation. Numerical simulation also demonstrates the validity of the proposed framework, and various trading insights for practical BES systems have been formed.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"13 1","pages":"722-727"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80701864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007752
Jinping Hao, R. Piechocki, D. Kaleshi, W. Chin, Z. Fan
Malicious data injection attacks against smart grid systems are one of the most significant problems in cyber security. Previously, these are either targeted attacks or attacks with restrictions. In this paper, optimal random undetectable attacks are considered for the first time. In the state of the art, stealth attacks can always exist if the number of compromised measurements exceeds a certain value. In this paper, it is shown that undetectable attacks can be accomplished by altering only a much smaller number of measurements. On the other hand, a robust detection algorithm is designed by taking advantage of the sparse and low rank properties of the block measurements for a time interval. The element-wise constraints are introduced to improve the error tolerance and the problem of detecting false data with partial observations is also considered in this paper. The performance of the proposed algorithms is investigated based on IEEE test systems.
{"title":"Optimal malicious attack construction and robust detection in Smart Grid cyber security analysis","authors":"Jinping Hao, R. Piechocki, D. Kaleshi, W. Chin, Z. Fan","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007752","url":null,"abstract":"Malicious data injection attacks against smart grid systems are one of the most significant problems in cyber security. Previously, these are either targeted attacks or attacks with restrictions. In this paper, optimal random undetectable attacks are considered for the first time. In the state of the art, stealth attacks can always exist if the number of compromised measurements exceeds a certain value. In this paper, it is shown that undetectable attacks can be accomplished by altering only a much smaller number of measurements. On the other hand, a robust detection algorithm is designed by taking advantage of the sparse and low rank properties of the block measurements for a time interval. The element-wise constraints are introduced to improve the error tolerance and the problem of detecting false data with partial observations is also considered in this paper. The performance of the proposed algorithms is investigated based on IEEE test systems.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"26 1","pages":"836-841"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84624085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007729
Enxin Yao, V. Wong, R. Schober
Electric vehicles (EVs) have the potential to provide frequency regulation service to an independent system operator (ISO) by changing their real-time charging or discharging power according to an automatic generation control (AGC) signal. Recently, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission has issued an order to ISOs to introduce a performance-based compensation paradigm. In this new compensation scheme, the ISOs make payments to the EVs for providing the frequency regulation capacity and the real-time dispatch when following the AGC signal. In this paper, we propose a robust EV frequency regulation (REF) algorithm to determine the hourly regulation capacity for each EV considering the randomness of the AGC signal. The proposed REF algorithm is based on a robust optimization problem formulation. It enables EVs to follow the random AGC signal reliably and to improve the EV frequency regulation revenue. Simulation results show that the proposed REF algorithm obtains a higher revenue compared with a benchmark algorithm from the literature under a performance-based compensation paradigm.
电动汽车(ev)有可能通过根据自动发电控制(AGC)信号改变其实时充电或放电功率，为独立系统运营商(ISO)提供频率调节服务。最近，美国联邦能源管理委员会(Federal Energy Regulatory Commission)向iso发布了一项命令，要求他们引入基于绩效的薪酬模式。在该补偿方案中，ISOs向电动汽车提供频率调节能力和跟踪AGC信号的实时调度。在本文中，我们提出了一种鲁棒EV频率调节(REF)算法，考虑AGC信号的随机性，确定每辆EV的小时调节能力。该算法基于鲁棒优化问题公式。使电动汽车能够可靠地跟踪随机AGC信号，提高电动汽车调频收益。仿真结果表明，在基于绩效的薪酬模式下，与文献中的基准算法相比，本文提出的REF算法获得了更高的收益。
{"title":"A robust design of electric vehicle frequency regulation service","authors":"Enxin Yao, V. Wong, R. Schober","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007729","url":null,"abstract":"Electric vehicles (EVs) have the potential to provide frequency regulation service to an independent system operator (ISO) by changing their real-time charging or discharging power according to an automatic generation control (AGC) signal. Recently, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission has issued an order to ISOs to introduce a performance-based compensation paradigm. In this new compensation scheme, the ISOs make payments to the EVs for providing the frequency regulation capacity and the real-time dispatch when following the AGC signal. In this paper, we propose a robust EV frequency regulation (REF) algorithm to determine the hourly regulation capacity for each EV considering the randomness of the AGC signal. The proposed REF algorithm is based on a robust optimization problem formulation. It enables EVs to follow the random AGC signal reliably and to improve the EV frequency regulation revenue. Simulation results show that the proposed REF algorithm obtains a higher revenue compared with a benchmark algorithm from the literature under a performance-based compensation paradigm.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"14 1","pages":"698-703"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91135237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007648
Jeries Shihadeh, Seungil You, Lijun Chen
In this paper, we consider the signal-anticipating behavior in local volt/var control in distribution systems. We define a voltage control game, and show that the signal-anticipating voltage control is the best response algorithm of the voltage control game. We further show that the voltage control game has a unique Nash equilibrium, characterize it as the optimum of a global optimization problem, and establish its asymptotic global stability. We then introduce the notion of the price of signal-anticipating (PoSA) to characterize the impact of the signal-anticipating in local voltage control, and use the gap in cost between the network equilibrium in the signal-taking voltage control and the Nash equilibrium in the signal-anticipating voltage control as the metric for PoSA. We characterize how the PoSA scales with the size, topology, and heterogeneity of the power network for a few special cases. We find that the stronger the coupling between different buses is, the larger the PoSA is; the linear network gives the largest PoSA among all possible topologies, but as the size of the network increases, the PoSA will saturate.
{"title":"Signal-anticipating in local voltage control in distribution systems","authors":"Jeries Shihadeh, Seungil You, Lijun Chen","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007648","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we consider the signal-anticipating behavior in local volt/var control in distribution systems. We define a voltage control game, and show that the signal-anticipating voltage control is the best response algorithm of the voltage control game. We further show that the voltage control game has a unique Nash equilibrium, characterize it as the optimum of a global optimization problem, and establish its asymptotic global stability. We then introduce the notion of the price of signal-anticipating (PoSA) to characterize the impact of the signal-anticipating in local voltage control, and use the gap in cost between the network equilibrium in the signal-taking voltage control and the Nash equilibrium in the signal-anticipating voltage control as the metric for PoSA. We characterize how the PoSA scales with the size, topology, and heterogeneity of the power network for a few special cases. We find that the stronger the coupling between different buses is, the larger the PoSA is; the linear network gives the largest PoSA among all possible topologies, but as the size of the network increases, the PoSA will saturate.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"20 1","pages":"212-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91221401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007636
D. Nguyen, H. T. Nguyen, L. Le
This paper investigates the potential of using aggregated heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) loads to smooth out the power fluctuation of a wind farm and/or a solar farm to make these stochastic resources more dispatchable. Specially, we consider a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) which consists of several wind/solar power units, a number of buildings with their HVAC systems, and a battery storage facility. A portion of the power generation from renewable energy sources (RESs) is used to operate HVAC systems and the rest (if any) is sold to the main grid. The design goal is to determine an optimal hourly scheduled power dispatch that the VPP must submit to electricity market to maximize its benefit. The short-term fluctuation of renewable energy generation (i.e., over intrahour intervals) is mitigated by smartly adjusting the flexible HVAC load, which enables the VPP to provide a firmed hourly dispatch. The underlying optimization problem is formulated as a two-stage stochastic program where system uncertain parameters are modeled using Monte-Carlo simulation. Building thermal dynamics model and users' climate comfort criteria are considered in the proposed optimization framework. Numerical results is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
{"title":"Coordinated dispatch of renewable energy sources and HVAC load using stochastic programming","authors":"D. Nguyen, H. T. Nguyen, L. Le","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007636","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the potential of using aggregated heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) loads to smooth out the power fluctuation of a wind farm and/or a solar farm to make these stochastic resources more dispatchable. Specially, we consider a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) which consists of several wind/solar power units, a number of buildings with their HVAC systems, and a battery storage facility. A portion of the power generation from renewable energy sources (RESs) is used to operate HVAC systems and the rest (if any) is sold to the main grid. The design goal is to determine an optimal hourly scheduled power dispatch that the VPP must submit to electricity market to maximize its benefit. The short-term fluctuation of renewable energy generation (i.e., over intrahour intervals) is mitigated by smartly adjusting the flexible HVAC load, which enables the VPP to provide a firmed hourly dispatch. The underlying optimization problem is formulated as a two-stage stochastic program where system uncertain parameters are modeled using Monte-Carlo simulation. Building thermal dynamics model and users' climate comfort criteria are considered in the proposed optimization framework. Numerical results is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"1 1","pages":"139-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89814617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007658
Wenbo Shi, Eun-Kyu Lee, Daoyuan Yao, Rui Huang, C. Chu, R. Gadh
A microgrid can be characterized by its integration of distributed energy resources and controllable loads. Such integration brings unique challenges to the microgrid management and control which can be significantly different from conventional power systems. Therefore, a conventional energy management system (EMS) needs to be re-designed with consideration of the unique characteristics of microgrids. To this end, we propose a microgrid EMS named a microgrid platform (MP). We take into account all the functional requirements of a microgrid EMS (i.e., forecast, optimization, data analysis, and human-machine interface) and address the engineering challenges (i.e., flexibility, extensibility, and interoperability) in the design and development of the MP. Moreover, we deploy the prototype system and conduct experiments to evaluate the microgrid management and control in real-world settings at the UCLA Smart Grid Energy Research Center. Our experimental results demonstrate that the MP is able to manage various devices in the testbed, interact with the external systems, and perform optimal energy scheduling and demand response.
{"title":"Evaluating microgrid management and control with an implementable energy management system","authors":"Wenbo Shi, Eun-Kyu Lee, Daoyuan Yao, Rui Huang, C. Chu, R. Gadh","doi":"10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SmartGridComm.2014.7007658","url":null,"abstract":"A microgrid can be characterized by its integration of distributed energy resources and controllable loads. Such integration brings unique challenges to the microgrid management and control which can be significantly different from conventional power systems. Therefore, a conventional energy management system (EMS) needs to be re-designed with consideration of the unique characteristics of microgrids. To this end, we propose a microgrid EMS named a microgrid platform (MP). We take into account all the functional requirements of a microgrid EMS (i.e., forecast, optimization, data analysis, and human-machine interface) and address the engineering challenges (i.e., flexibility, extensibility, and interoperability) in the design and development of the MP. Moreover, we deploy the prototype system and conduct experiments to evaluate the microgrid management and control in real-world settings at the UCLA Smart Grid Energy Research Center. Our experimental results demonstrate that the MP is able to manage various devices in the testbed, interact with the external systems, and perform optimal energy scheduling and demand response.","PeriodicalId":6499,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE International Conference on Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm)","volume":"62 1","pages":"272-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89938040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：