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2016 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)最新文献

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Design procedure for wireless power transfer system with inductive coupling-coil optimizations using PSO 基于粒子群算法的感应耦合线圈优化无线电力传输系统设计过程
Pub Date : 2016-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7527323
Takumi Noda, T. Nagashima, Xiuqin Wei, M. Kazimierczuk, H. Sekiya
This paper presents a design procedure for wireless power transfer (WPT) systems based on the class-E2 dc-dc converter, taking into account inductive coupling-coil optimizations. The WPT system model is formulated as an equivalent circuit model by expressing the inductive coupled part as a transformer with low-coupling coefficient and equivalent resistances of primary and secondary coils. By using the circuit model, the dc-to-dc efficiency can be obtained analytically. The dc-to-dc efficiency, which is a cost function for optimization, is expressed as functions of physical parameters, such as coil size, wire type, and number of turns. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied for reduction of the computational complexity compared with previous design method [1] and maximization of the cost function in this paper. Experimental results showed the validity and the usefulness of the proposed design procedure.
本文提出了一种基于e2类dc-dc变换器的无线电力传输系统的设计方法,并考虑了电感耦合线圈的优化问题。将感应耦合部分表示为具有低耦合系数和一次、二次线圈等效电阻的变压器,将WPT系统模型表述为等效电路模型。利用该电路模型,可以解析地求得直流效率。dc- dc效率是优化的成本函数,它表示为物理参数的函数,如线圈尺寸、导线类型和匝数。与以往的设计方法[1]相比,本文采用粒子群优化(particle swarm optimization, PSO)来降低计算复杂度,并使代价函数最大化。实验结果表明了所提设计方法的有效性和实用性。
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引用次数: 7
A 54-μW fast-settling arterial pulse wave sensor for wrist watch type system 一种用于腕表式系统的54 μ w快速沉降动脉脉搏波传感器
Pub Date : 2016-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7527432
Kwantae Kim, Minseo Kim, Hyunwoo Cho, Kwonjoon Lee, S. Ryu, H. Yoo
A dedicated ultra-low power arterial pulse wave (APW) sensor for wrist watch type system is implemented in 0.18-μm CMOS technology with 1.8-V supply. A duty cycle controlled (DCC) current source (CS) enables low-power consuming current injection with 98% power reduction. A DC balanced amplifier reduces settling time by 72%, enabling fast APW signal acquisition when motion artifact is occurred. The simulated 2.125-mm2 single chip APW sensor consumes only 54-μW.
一款专用于腕表型系统的超低功率动脉脉搏波(APW)传感器采用0.18 μm CMOS技术,电源为1.8 v。占空比控制(DCC)电流源(CS)可实现低功耗电流注入,功耗降低98%。一个直流平衡放大器减少72%的稳定时间,使快速APW信号采集时,运动伪影发生。仿真的2.125 mm2单片APW传感器功耗仅为54 μ w。
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引用次数: 1
Dynamic SIMD re-convergence with paired-path comparison 基于对路径比较的动态SIMD再收敛
Pub Date : 2016-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7527213
Yun-Chi Huang, Kuan-Chieh Hsu, Wan-shan Hsieh, Chen-Chieh Wang, Chia-Han Lu, C. Chen
SIMD divergence is one of the critical factors that decrease the hardware utilization in contemporary GPGPUs (General Purpose Graphic Processor Unit). Both the reconvergence scheme and control flow detection have to be well considered. In the emerging HSA (Heterogeneous System Architecture) platform, we develop an effective dynamic stack-based re-convergence scheme that can be implemented without the insertion of re-convergence instructions generated by the finalizer. The stack keeps track of the minimal necessary information of the taken and non-taken paths; the additional end-of-branch instruction insertion is no longer required under our design. Using the scheme we propose, the divergent warp dynamically re-converges at opportunistic re-convergence points. The activity factor improves for 13.36% on average from opportunistic early re-convergence in the unstructured control flow. Our design has eased the development of a finalizer that no longer needs to reason about the reconvergence point after a branch divergence, especially for unstructured control flow.
SIMD分歧是当前gpgpu(通用图形处理器单元)硬件利用率下降的关键因素之一。再收敛方案和控制流检测都要考虑周全。在新兴的HSA(异构系统架构)平台中,我们开发了一种有效的基于堆栈的动态再收敛方案,该方案可以在不插入由终结器生成的再收敛指令的情况下实现。堆栈跟踪最小的必要信息的已取路径和未取路径;在我们的设计中,不再需要额外的分支结束指令插入。利用我们提出的方案,发散的翘曲在机会的再收敛点动态地再收敛。在非结构化控制流中,机会性早期再收敛使活度因子平均提高13.36%。我们的设计简化了终结器的开发,不再需要在分支偏离后推断再收敛点,特别是对于非结构化控制流。
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引用次数: 1
An ultra-low voltage, VCO-based ADC with digital background calibration 一个超低电压,基于vco的数字背景校准ADC
Pub Date : 2016-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7527532
Neelakantan Narasimman, T. T. Kim
This paper introduces an ultra-low voltage open loop VCO-based ADC with background calibration for ultra-low power applications. A novel calibration scheme is proposed to calibrate the nonlinear voltage-to-frequency tuning curve of the VCO. A replica VCO is used to compute the correction coefficients and the corrected values are stored in a lookup table. The proposed calibration method is at least 64 times faster than other state-of-the-art ones. A test chip was implemented in commercial 65nm CMOS technology. Measurement results confirm the effectiveness of the calibration scheme at 0.4 V. The proposed VCO-based ADC achieves a resolution of 8.8 bits at 10 KHz bandwidth with the power consumption of 1.15 μW in the open loop architecture.
本文介绍了一种超低电压开环vco型带背景校准的超低功耗ADC。针对压控振荡器的非线性电压-频率调谐曲线,提出了一种新的校准方案。副本VCO用于计算校正系数,校正值存储在查找表中。所提出的校准方法比其他最先进的校准方法至少快64倍。测试芯片采用商用65nm CMOS技术实现。测量结果证实了该方案在0.4 V电压下的有效性。在开环架构下,基于vco的ADC在10khz带宽下的分辨率为8.8位,功耗为1.15 μW。
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引用次数: 3
Low cost mobile EEG for characterization of cortical auditory responses 低成本移动脑电图表征皮层听觉反应
Pub Date : 2016-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7527437
Bathiya Senevirathna, Lauren Berman, Nicola Bertoni, Fabio Pareschi, Mauro Mangia, R. Rovatti, G. Setti, J. Simon, P. Abshire
We report a low cost mobile EEG system for characterizing cortical auditory responses. The system is built using commercial off-the-shelf components and each unit costs less than $200. It measures seven EEG channels plus one audio channel (envelope only), and communicates the data to external devices via Bluetooth. A novel implementation was pursued in order to support local signal compression using compressed sensing. At the same time, it provides a low cost solution that is useful for recording cortical auditory responses and extracting clinically relevant features of the waveform. This system has been designed with the eventual goal of long term monitoring of the brain activity of schizophrenic patients outside a clinical setting, in order to better understand auditory hallucinations and manage their ongoing treatment. In this preliminary study we obtained simultaneous audio and cortical recordings of evoked auditory responses from normal healthy subjects wearing the EEG for several hours in duration. We report evoked auditory responses for 2 Hz and 40 Hz click trains. We also report alpha wave responses, demonstrating stable and high quality recordings over a five hour period.
我们报告了一个低成本的移动脑电图系统表征皮层听觉反应。该系统使用商用现成组件,每个组件的成本不到200美元。它测量七个EEG通道和一个音频通道(仅包络),并通过蓝牙将数据传输到外部设备。为了支持使用压缩感知的局部信号压缩,研究了一种新的实现方法。同时,它提供了一种低成本的解决方案,可用于记录皮层听觉反应和提取波形的临床相关特征。该系统的最终目标是在临床环境之外长期监测精神分裂症患者的大脑活动,以便更好地理解幻听并管理他们的持续治疗。在这项初步研究中,我们获得了正常健康受试者连续数小时佩戴脑电图仪时所诱发的听觉反应的同时音频和皮层记录。我们报告了在2赫兹和40赫兹的咔哒声训练中引起的听觉反应。我们还报告了α波反应,在五个小时的时间内展示了稳定和高质量的记录。
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引用次数: 6
A portable multi-channel potentiostat for real-time amperometric measurement of multi-electrode sensor arrays 用于多电极传感器阵列实时安培测量的便携式多通道电位器
Pub Date : 2016-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7527488
Yaoxing Hu, Sanjiv Sharma, J. Weatherwax, A. Cass, P. Georgiou
This paper presents a compact and scalable architecture design of a multi-channel potentiostat. Utilizing a hybrid-multiplexed technique, the system is capable of driving multi-electrode array structures of large sizes with few readout channels. A 5-channel potentiostat with 80-electrode capability was fabricated into a portable 8.382×9.906 cm2 PCB prototype using discrete components. It features a dynamic current range of 126dB and 3.3V single-supply operation. Controlled by a MATLAB graphical user interface, the system demonstrates realtime data acquisition and achieves similar performance to a commercial potentiostat based on electrochemical validation.
本文提出了一种结构紧凑、可扩展的多通道恒电位器结构设计。利用混合多路复用技术,该系统能够驱动具有少量读出通道的大尺寸多电极阵列结构。采用离散元件将具有80电极容量的5通道恒电位器制作成可携带的8.382×9.906 cm2 PCB原型。它具有126dB的动态电流范围和3.3V单电源工作。在MATLAB图形用户界面的控制下,该系统实现了实时数据采集,并在电化学验证的基础上实现了与商用恒电位器相似的性能。
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引用次数: 7
A low-complexity MMSE Bayesian estimator for suppression of speckle in SAR images 一种用于SAR图像散斑抑制的低复杂度MMSE贝叶斯估计方法
Pub Date : 2016-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7527412
R. Damseh, M. Ahmad
In synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, speckle noise reduction is a crucial pre-processing step for their successful interpretation and thus has drawn a great deal of attention of researchers in the image processing community. The Bayesian estimation is a powerful signal estimation technique and has been widely used for speckle noise removal in images. In this work, a low complexity wavelet-based Bayesian estimation technique for despeckling of images is developed. The main idea of the proposed technique is in establishing suitable statistical models for the wavelet coefficients and then in using these models to develop a shrinkage function with a low-complexity realization for the estimation of the wavelet coefficients of the noise-free images. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed despeckling scheme in providing a significant reduction in the speckle noise at a very low computational cost and simultaneously preserving the image details.
在合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像中,散斑降噪是其解译成功的关键预处理步骤,因此受到了图像处理界的广泛关注。贝叶斯估计是一种强大的信号估计技术,已广泛应用于图像散斑噪声的去除。本文提出了一种基于小波的低复杂度贝叶斯图像去斑估计方法。该技术的主要思想是为小波系数建立合适的统计模型,然后利用这些模型建立一个低复杂度的收缩函数来估计无噪声图像的小波系数。实验结果表明,所提出的去斑方案能够以极低的计算成本显著降低散斑噪声,同时保持图像细节。
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引用次数: 4
Hardware implementation of a real-time tone mapping algorithm based on a mantissa-exponent representation 基于尾数指数表示的实时音调映射算法的硬件实现
Pub Date : 2016-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7539021
Ulian Shahnovich, Alain Horé, O. Yadid-Pecht
This paper presents a hardware implementation of a mantissa/exponent-based tone mapping algorithm for wide dynamic range (WDR) images. The algorithm performs tone mapping by using a global compression model for the pixel intensities combined with a local contrast enhancement model. The pixel intensities of the WDR images used in this paper are represented in a mantissa/exponent format produced by an innovative WDR imager which takes advantage of a multi-reset technique during the capture process. The algorithm has been implemented on FPGA and designed to be very small, fast, power-efficient and has the potential to be directly integrated into the same chip as the imager. Experimental results performed by using different images show that our implementation is reliable and efficient.
本文提出了一种基于尾数/指数的宽动态范围图像色调映射算法的硬件实现。该算法利用像素强度的全局压缩模型和局部对比度增强模型进行色调映射。本文中使用的WDR图像的像素强度以尾数/指数格式表示,该格式由一种创新的WDR成像仪产生,该成像仪在捕获过程中利用了多重重置技术。该算法已经在FPGA上实现,设计得非常小、快速、节能,并且有可能直接集成到与成像仪相同的芯片中。利用不同图像进行的实验结果表明,该方法是可靠、高效的。
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引用次数: 5
Binary image classification using a neurosynaptic processor: A trade-off analysis 使用神经突触处理器的二值图像分类:权衡分析
Pub Date : 2016-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7527497
William E. Murphy, Megan Renz, Qing Wu
This paper examines the performance of two power efficient hardware implementations using deep neural networks to perform a simple image classification task. We provide the first ever examination of the accuracy-energy trade-offs of deep neural networks running on both an embedded GPU, and a neuromorphic processor. IBM's TrueNorth is a brain-inspired event-driven neuromorphic processor. It was designed to be scalable and to consume extremely low amounts of power. NVIDIA's Tegra K1 SoC is a mobile processor also designed with low power and a small footprint in mind. While these two chips were designed with similar constraints, the resulting architectures and performance trade-offs achieved are significantly different. On our simple image classification task Convolutional Neural Networks utilizing the Tegra K1 SoC achieve up to 89 % accuracy with a normalized accuracy per active energy, ||Acc||/EA, score of up to 24.22 on our test dataset, while Tea Networks running on the TrueNorth processor achieve less accuracy at 82%, but a better accuracy-energy trade-off with a ||Acc||/EA score of up to 158.49.
本文研究了使用深度神经网络执行简单图像分类任务的两种低功耗硬件实现的性能。我们提供了在嵌入式GPU和神经形态处理器上运行的深度神经网络的精度-能量权衡的首次检查。IBM的TrueNorth是一个受大脑启发的事件驱动的神经形态处理器。它的设计是可扩展的,并且消耗极低的能量。NVIDIA的Tegra K1 SoC是一款移动处理器,在设计时也考虑到低功耗和小体积。虽然这两种芯片的设计约束相似,但最终的架构和实现的性能权衡却有很大不同。在我们的简单图像分类任务中,使用Tegra K1 SoC的卷积神经网络在我们的测试数据集中实现了高达89%的准确率,每有效能量的归一化准确率为||Acc||/EA,得分高达24.22,而在TrueNorth处理器上运行的Tea网络的准确率为82%,但精度-能量平衡更好,||Acc||/EA得分高达158.49。
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引用次数: 3
All-digital linear regulators with proactive and reactive gain-boosting for supply droop mitigation in digital load circuits 数字负载电路中具有主动和无功增益提升的全数字线性稳压器
Pub Date : 2016-05-22 DOI: 10.1109/ISCAS.2016.7527206
Saad Bin Nasir, A. Raychowdhury
This paper explores microarchitecture controlled proactive gain boosting as a means of lowering the effects of supply voltage droop in digital circuits powered by embedded, all-digital linear regulators. A behavioral power supply rejection model for all-digital linear regulator is presented. The presented regulator shows enhanced power supply rejection under increased operating frequency. Test-chip measurements in a 130nm CMOS process reveal more than 2X (4X) reduction in voltage droop (settling time) over purely reactive gain boosting.
本文探讨了微架构控制的主动增益提升作为降低由嵌入式全数字线性稳压器供电的数字电路中电源电压下降影响的一种手段。提出了一种全数字线性稳压器的行为电源抑制模型。所提出的稳压器在增加工作频率下显示出增强的电源抑制。130nm CMOS工艺的测试芯片测量显示,与纯反应性增益提升相比,电压下降(稳定时间)减少了2倍以上。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
2016 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)
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