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2015 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)最新文献

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Accuracy comparison between Gompertz and polynomial based PV models Gompertz与多项式PV模型的精度比较
Pub Date : 2015-11-12 DOI: 10.1109/SEGE.2015.7324616
Y. Mahmoud, E. El-Saadany
Various photovoltaic PV models of different complexity exist in the literature. The modeling accuracy for most of them is directly related to their complexity and computational effort. Recently, two newly developed PV models featuring low computational effort and high accuracy appeared in the literature. The first model is developed based on Gompertz model which is originally used to model human mortality, and the second relies on a polynomial function which represents the voltage drop in the model series resistance. Because both models have similar features, their pros and cons are not clear and thus it is challenging for users to decide which model is more suitable for a particular PV application. This paper constructs a comparison between the two models showing their pros and cons. The results of the paper would be beneficial for PV system designers and researchers to select the appropriate model for a specific PV application.
文献中存在着各种不同复杂程度的光伏模型。大多数模型的建模精度直接关系到模型的复杂性和计算量。近年来,文献中出现了两种计算量低、精度高的新PV模型。第一个模型是基于最初用于模拟人类死亡率的Gompertz模型开发的,第二个模型依赖于表示模型串联电阻中电压降的多项式函数。由于两种模型具有相似的功能,它们的优点和缺点并不清楚,因此用户决定哪种模型更适合特定的光伏应用是具有挑战性的。本文构建了两种模型的比较,展示了它们的优缺点。本文的研究结果将有助于光伏系统的设计者和研究人员针对具体的光伏应用选择合适的模型。
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引用次数: 0
Wide range operation by low-voltage inverter-fed MATRIX motor with single-layer distributed winding for automobile traction motor 汽车牵引电机采用单层分布式绕组低压变频MATRIX电机,工作范围广
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310576
H. Hijikata, Y. Sakai, K. Akatsu, Y. Miyama, H. Arita, A. Daikoku
This research proposes a novel low-voltage inverter-fed motor drive with variable characteristics achieved through the individual winding current control for the automobile traction motor. The independent armature winding with low-voltage inverters can improve the total efficiency by reducing the converter losses. Furthermore, the motor can expand the operating range since the inverters are able to change their connections to different coils groups of the armature winding. In this paper, the down size model was designed to verify the principle. It was confirmed that the principle model can extend the operating range and can expand the high efficiency area by FEA and experimental results.
针对汽车牵引电机,提出了一种通过单独绕组电流控制实现变特性的低压变频电机驱动方案。低压逆变器采用独立电枢绕组,可以通过降低变换器损耗来提高总效率。此外,由于逆变器能够改变它们与电枢绕组的不同线圈组的连接,因此电机可以扩大工作范围。本文设计了缩小模型来验证该原理。通过有限元分析和实验结果,证实了该原理模型可以扩展工作范围,扩大高效率区域。
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引用次数: 2
A D-Q rotating frame DC-bus voltage controller for bi-directional single-phase AC/DC converters 一种用于双向单相AC/DC变换器的D-Q旋转框架直流母线电压控制器
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310150
S. Kaviri, Majid Pahlevani, B. Mohammadpour, P. Jain, A. Bakhshai
This paper presents a closed-loop control technique in D-Q rotating frame for bi-directional single-phase AC/DC converters. The proposed control system allows the active and reactive power control in both directions from grid to vehicle and vehicle to grid, while controlling the DC-bus voltage. Due to the lack of freedom degrees required for orthogonal systems, using the D-Q frame is a challenge in single-phase power conditioning systems. In this paper, an all-pass filter has been used to generate the orthogonal signals in the closed-loop control system. This method generates the orthogonal signals without degrading the dynamics of the closed-loop control system and with less noise in comparison to the other common methods such as differentiators. A DC-bus voltage estimator based on adaptive filter has also been used in this paper to remove the double frequency ripple and in turn increase the reliability and speed of the proposed controller. The proposed control scheme is used to implement the smart charging and power management strategies of the residential loads using electric vehicles as a storage system. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the transient and steady-state performance of the proposed controller in different modes of operation. Also the performance of the proposed DC-bus voltage estimator in removing the double frequency ripple as well as the application of the proposed control scheme in implementation of power management strategies in a typical household, has been shown by using simulation results.
本文提出了一种双向单相交/直流变换器的D-Q旋转机架闭环控制技术。该控制系统在控制直流母线电压的同时,可以实现电网到车辆和车辆到电网两个方向的有功和无功控制。由于正交系统缺乏所需的自由度,在单相功率调节系统中使用D-Q框架是一个挑战。本文采用全通滤波器来产生闭环控制系统中的正交信号。该方法产生的正交信号不影响闭环控制系统的动力学特性,并且与其它常用方法(如微分器)相比噪声更小。本文还采用了一种基于自适应滤波的直流母线电压估计器来消除双频纹波,从而提高了控制器的可靠性和速度。提出的控制方案用于实现以电动汽车为储能系统的住宅负荷的智能充电和电源管理策略。仿真和实验结果验证了该控制器在不同工作模式下的暂态和稳态性能。仿真结果显示了所提出的直流母线电压估计器在消除双频纹波方面的性能,以及所提出的控制方案在典型家庭电源管理策略实施中的应用。
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引用次数: 11
Enhancement on energy extraction from magnetic energy harvesters 磁能采集器能量提取技术的改进
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7309720
Jinyeong Moon, S. Leeb
This paper presents a method for enhancing performance of a magnetic energy harvester. The harvester operates with a magnetically saturating core with high magnetic permeability. If the core saturates, the effective magnetizing inductance becomes small, and little power can be harvested from the core. Energy is harvested very efficiently during an operating cycle when the core is not saturated, a time period we call the “transfer window.” It can be shown that the location and the length of a transfer window are independent of each other. Based on this property, the transfer window alignment (TWA) method is introduced for maximizing power harvest. The TWA method manipulates the location of the time window, and harvests a greater amount of power compared to passive rectification. The principle of the TWA method reveals that deeper core saturation with higher voltage stress leads to a higher level of energy extraction. The analysis of the TWA method is presented, and verified with simulation and experiments. A detailed control sequence for actual implementation is presented. The TWA method poses little burden to hardware complexity.
本文提出了一种提高磁能采集器性能的方法。收割机采用高磁导率的磁饱和磁芯操作。如果铁心饱和,有效磁化电感变小,从铁心可以收获的功率很小。在一个核心不饱和的运行周期中,能量的收集非常有效,这段时间我们称之为“转移窗口”。可以看出,传递窗口的位置和长度是相互独立的。基于这一特性,提出了传输窗口对准(TWA)方法,以实现功率收获最大化。TWA方法可以操纵时间窗口的位置,与被动整流相比,可以获得更大的功率。TWA方法的原理表明,岩心饱和度越高,电压应力越高,能量提取水平越高。对TWA方法进行了分析,并通过仿真和实验进行了验证。给出了实际实现的详细控制顺序。TWA方法对硬件复杂性的负担很小。
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引用次数: 9
Novel single-sided ferrite-less magnetic coupler for roadway EV charging 用于道路电动汽车充电的新型单面无铁氧体磁力耦合器
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310101
Abiezer Tejeda, G. Covic, J. Boys
This paper introduces a new ferrite-less magnetic structure for roadway charging of Electric Vehicles (EVs). Most of the existing magnetic pads for roadside EV charging rely on ferrimagnetic materials to produce single-sided flux and boost power levels while minimizing undesired field emissions and losses. But the properties that roadway pads must have are mechanical robustness coupled with the ability to throw single-sided, high arching flux while being subjected to stringent conditions under asphalt, bitumen, or concrete. Ferrite is very brittle and expensive and its performance under transient forces when buried under a roadway is questionable. This new ferrite-less magnetic coupler is proposed as a primary pad for roadway EV charging. Simulated and experimental results are shown, followed by a discussion on its capabilities, limitations, and possible updates.
介绍了一种用于电动汽车道路充电的新型无铁氧体磁性结构。现有的大多数用于路边电动汽车充电的磁垫都依赖于铁磁材料来产生单面磁通并提高功率水平,同时最大限度地减少不必要的场排放和损耗。但是,道路护垫必须具备的特性是机械坚固性,以及在沥青、沥青或混凝土的严格条件下投掷单面高拱通量的能力。铁素体是一种非常脆弱和昂贵的材料,埋于巷道下时,其在瞬态力作用下的性能值得商榷。提出了一种新型的无铁氧体磁力耦合器,作为道路电动汽车充电的主要衬垫。给出了模拟和实验结果,然后讨论了其功能、局限性和可能的更新。
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引用次数: 9
High power factor single stage flyback converter for dimmable LED driver 用于可调光LED驱动器的高功率因数单级反激变换器
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310114
Liang Jia, Yanfei Liu, David Fang
Single stage Flyback converter with active power factor correction (PFC) function built-in is very popular for low power LED driver application. However, a universal driver design (120V~277Vac wide input) for meeting PF>0.90 and THD<;20% at 50% of maximum output power remains very challenging using peak current transition mode (PCTM) PFC control. Therefore, in this paper, a novel and practical scheme is presented for a single stage Flyback LED driver to achieve high power factor for universal input. Based on LED output feedback, the off-time is controlled to operate the Flyback converter in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) to realize high PF. The control implementation can be adapted to existing popular PCTM PFC controller and due to the secondary side current regulation, it is suitable for dimmable LED driver application. A 22W dimmable LED driver is prototyped to verify this scheme and at 10W output power, PF>0.90 and THD<;20% are achieved for the universal input voltage range.
内置有源功率因数校正(PFC)功能的单级反激变换器在低功率LED驱动应用中非常受欢迎。然而,在通用输入电压范围内,实现了满足PF >.90和THD0.90以及THD< 20%的通用驱动器设计(120V~277Vac宽输入)。
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引用次数: 11
Space-vectors based hierarchical model predictive control for a modular multilevel converter 基于空间向量的模块化多电平变换器层次模型预测控制
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310506
Lang Huang, Xu Yang, Xin Ma, Bin Zhang, Liang Qiao, Mofan Tian
The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is a competitive candidate for medium/high-power applications, specifically for high-voltage direct current transmission systems. Model predictive control (MPC) is an advanced and flexible method for power converters. The existing MPC methods for the MMC 3-phase system treat whole system as a three independent single phase system, and the computational load increases geometrically according to the increase of the level of the MMC. This paper proposes a space-vectors based hierarchical model predictive control (HMPC) strategy for a 3-phase MMC system with independent cost functions. Three hierarchical mathematical models of the MMC are derived and discretized to predict the AC-side current, circulating current and capacitor voltage, respectively. By utilizing multilevel space-vectors and hierarchical model, the considered number of states can be reduced significantly with the highest DC voltage utilization ratio and good performance. In addition, this strategy doesn't need the complex capacitor voltage sorting method and reduces the power loss by avoiding the unnecessary switching state transitions. The performance of the proposed strategy for 11-level MMC is verified through simulation results.
模块化多电平变换器(MMC)是中/大功率应用,特别是高压直流传输系统的竞争性候选产品。模型预测控制(MPC)是一种先进、灵活的电源变换器控制方法。现有的MMC三相系统的MPC方法将整个系统视为三个独立的单相系统,计算负荷随着MMC水平的提高呈几何级数增加。针对具有独立成本函数的三相MMC系统,提出了一种基于空间向量的分层模型预测控制策略。推导并离散了MMC的三个层次数学模型,分别用于预测交流侧电流、循环电流和电容电压。利用多层空间矢量和分层模型,可以显著减少考虑的状态数,同时具有较高的直流电压利用率和良好的性能。此外,该策略不需要复杂的电容器电压分选方法,避免了不必要的开关状态转换,降低了功率损耗。仿真结果验证了该策略在11级MMC中的性能。
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引用次数: 4
Prediction of leakage current in transformerless photovoltaic inverter system by a more accurate method 无变压器光伏逆变器系统漏电流的一种更准确的预测方法
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310127
Xiaomei Song, Wenjie Chen, Jiao Zhang, Xu Yang, Hao Huang
In case of the grid connected transformerless photovoltaic (PV) inverter, the leakage current through the parasitic capacitance of the PV panel can cause very serious electromagnetic interference problems. In this paper, a more accurate high frequency PV array model is proposed. It includes the influence of PV frame, mounting rack, solar cell material and area. Based upon that model, the common mode leakage current is predicted through numerical analysis and calculation. The accuracy of the theoretical results is certified by MATLAB simulation and experimental test. This developed method can be easily incorporated into PV inverter system for further device/circuit design optimization with various panel parameters.
在并网无变压器光伏逆变器中,通过光伏板寄生电容的漏电流会造成非常严重的电磁干扰问题。本文提出了一种更精确的高频光伏阵列模型。包括光伏支架、安装架、太阳能电池材料和面积的影响。在此基础上,通过数值分析和计算对共模泄漏电流进行了预测。通过MATLAB仿真和实验验证了理论结果的准确性。该方法可以很容易地集成到光伏逆变器系统中,以进一步优化各种面板参数的器件/电路设计。
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引用次数: 2
Characterising the performance of selected electrical machine insulation systems 选定电机绝缘系统的性能特征
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310345
R. Wróbel, S. Williamson, J. Booker, P. Mellor
This paper presents results from an analysis of alternative slot liner materials used in the construction of electrical machines. The slot liner material has a vital safety critical function within a machine assembly, providing electrical insulation between the winding body and stator core pack. Performance measures for the slot liner material include the dielectric breakdown voltage, tensile strength, thermal conductivity and thermal class, amongst others. There is a large variety of slot liner materials available on the market with the material properties altered to suit a particular application. Some of these material properties are strongly dependent on the components and processes employed in construction of the complete winding assembly e.g. type of the winding impregnation and/or method used in impregnation of the stator/winding assembly. Consequently, the manufacturer provided data is usually inadequate when comparing various insulation systems and their individual elements for a particular machine construction. This research is focused on the conductive heat transfer phenomenon from the winding body into the machine periphery in context of the slot liner material used, for a given impregnation type and method. The repeatability of the winding manufacture process is also investigated. Three alternative slot liner materials with different thermal conductivity and ability of absorbing varnish impregnation have been chosen for prototyping of representative stator/winding hardware exemplars. This has been supplemented with a batch manufacture of the stator-winding hardware exemplar for a selected slot liner material. The proposed experimental approach allows for the complete insulation system to be evaluated accounting for the assembly and manufacture nuances. The results suggest that the use of a particular slot liner has an impact on the winding heat transfer and also implications regarding appropriate manufacture and assembly processes used, i.e. some of the materials require special handling. The experimental work has been supplemented with theoretical analysis to provide a more comprehensive insight into the winding heat transfer phenomena.
本文介绍了一种用于电机结构的可选槽衬材料的分析结果。槽衬材料在机器组件中具有至关重要的安全关键功能,在绕组体和定子铁芯包之间提供电气绝缘。槽衬材料的性能指标包括介电击穿电压、抗拉强度、导热系数和热等级等。市场上有各种各样的槽衬管材料,这些材料的性能可以根据特定的应用进行改变。这些材料的一些特性在很大程度上取决于在整个绕组组件的构造中使用的组件和工艺,例如,绕组浸渍的类型和/或定子/绕组组件浸渍使用的方法。因此,制造商提供的数据在比较不同的绝缘系统及其单独的元件时通常是不充分的。本研究的重点是在给定浸渍类型和浸渍方法下,在使用槽衬材料的情况下,从缠绕体到机器外围的导热传热现象。对卷绕工艺的可重复性进行了研究。选择了三种导热系数和吸收清漆浸渍能力不同的槽衬材料,对具有代表性的定子/绕组硬件样品进行了原型设计。此外,还批量生产了选定槽衬材料的定子绕组硬件样品。提出的实验方法允许对完整的绝缘系统进行评估,考虑到装配和制造的细微差别。结果表明,使用特定的槽衬垫会影响缠绕传热,也会影响所使用的适当制造和装配工艺,即一些材料需要特殊处理。实验工作与理论分析相结合,对缠绕传热现象有了更全面的认识。
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引用次数: 16
A novel driving scheme for synchronous rectifier in MHz CRM flyback converter with GaN devices 一种基于GaN器件的MHz CRM反激变换器同步整流驱动新方案
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310377
Xiucheng Huang, W. Du, F. Lee, Qiang Li
Synchronous rectifier (SR) is widely used in flyback converter to reduce the output side conduction loss in order to meet the system conversion efficiency requirement. The conventional SR driving methods are not suitable for high frequency (>500kHz) application. This paper proposes a novel SR driving method for MHz flyback converter operating at critical conduction mode (CRM). A RC network is in parallel with SR to emulate the magnetizing current of flyback converter. The sensing signal is clean and immune to the parasitic ringing caused by the leakage inductance and parasitic capacitors. SR gate signal is accurately generated based on a simple signal processing circuit and the conduction loss of SR body diode is minimized. The theoretical analysis is validated by simulation and experiment.
同步整流器(SR)广泛应用于反激变换器中,以降低输出侧导通损耗,以满足系统转换效率的要求。传统的SR驱动方法不适合高频率(>500kHz)的应用。提出了一种适用于临界导通模式(CRM)工作的MHz反激变换器的新型SR驱动方法。RC网络与SR并联,模拟反激变换器的磁化电流。传感信号干净,不受漏电感和寄生电容引起的寄生振铃的影响。通过一种简单的信号处理电路,精确地产生SR栅极信号,使SR本体二极管的导通损耗降到最低。仿真和实验验证了理论分析的正确性。
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引用次数: 13
期刊
2015 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)
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