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2015 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)最新文献

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Benchmark of AC and DC active power decoupling circuits for second-order harmonic mitigation in kW-scale single-phase inverters 用于千瓦级单相逆变器二阶谐波抑制的交直流有源解耦电路的基准
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310013
Zian Qin, Yi Tang, P. Loh, F. Blaabjerg
This paper presents the benchmark study of ac and dc active power decoupling circuits for second-order harmonic mitigation in kW-scale single-phase inverters. First of all, the best solutions of active power decoupling to achieve high efficiency and power density are identified and comprehensively studied, where the commercially available film capacitors, circuit topologies, and control strategies for active power decoupling are all taken into account. Then, an adaptive decoupling voltage control method is proposed to further improve the performance of dc decoupling in terms of efficiency and reliability. The feasibility and superiority of the identified solution for active power decoupling together with the proposed adaptive decoupling voltage control method are finally verified by both the experimental results obtained on a 2 kW single-phase inverter.
本文对用于千瓦级单相逆变器二阶谐波抑制的交直流有源解耦电路进行了基准研究。首先,综合考虑了市售薄膜电容器、电路拓扑结构和有功功率去耦控制策略,确定并全面研究了实现高效率和功率密度的最佳有功功率去耦方案。然后,提出了一种自适应解耦电压控制方法,进一步提高了直流解耦的效率和可靠性。最后,在一台2kw单相逆变器上的实验结果验证了所识别的有功功率解耦方案和所提出的自适应解耦电压控制方法的可行性和优越性。
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引用次数: 19
Vibro-acoustic simulation and optimization of a claw-pole alternator 爪极交流发电机的振动声仿真与优化
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310395
A. Tan-Kim, V. Lanfranchi, S. Vivier, J. Legranger, F. Palleschi
This study aims at minimizing the acoustic noise from a magnetic origin of a claw-pole alternator. This optimization is carried out through a multiphysic simulation which includes the computation of magnetic forces, vibrations and the resulting noise. Therefore, a mechanical model of the alternator has to be developed to determine its main modes. Predicted modal parameters are checked against experimental results. Based on this model, the sound power level is simulated and compared with measurements. Finally, the rotor shape is optimized and a significant reduction of the noise level is found by simulation.
本研究旨在减少爪极交流发电机磁源产生的噪音。这种优化是通过多物理场模拟进行的,其中包括磁力、振动和由此产生的噪声的计算。因此,必须建立交流发电机的力学模型来确定其主要模态。预测的模态参数与实验结果进行了对比。在此基础上,对声功率级进行了仿真,并与实测结果进行了比较。最后,对转子形状进行了优化,仿真结果表明转子噪声水平明显降低。
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引用次数: 29
Voltage drift mechanism in modular multilevel converter 模块化多电平变换器的电压漂移机制
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310163
Jie Shen, Qin Lei, S. Schroder, Marius Mechlinski
The capacitor voltage drift problem in Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) system has been widely discussed in the past. It is well known that sometimes the capacitor voltages are balanced, without any active controls. However, due to the uncertainty and lack of theoretical explanations, active capacitor voltage controls are typically preferred for real applications, and the voltage balancing/drift mechanism of MMC topology did not draw much attention in the past. This paper covers this gap: it is explored that the cell voltage drift effect is caused by the sideband overlap effect. Moreover, the requirements of voltage drift effect are discussed systematically. The conclusion is that for high-power applications with limited switching frequencies, low but non-integer carrier ratios are highly preferred to avoid the intrinsic voltage drift between MMC cells. By doing this, active voltage balancing algorithms are only needed as backup.
在模块化多电平变换器(MMC)系统中,电容电压漂移问题已经引起了广泛的讨论。众所周知,有时电容器电压是平衡的,没有任何主动控制。然而,由于不确定性和缺乏理论解释,在实际应用中通常更倾向于有源电容器电压控制,而MMC拓扑的电压平衡/漂移机制在过去并没有引起太多关注。本文填补了这一空白:探讨了电池电压漂移效应是由边带重叠效应引起的。此外,系统地讨论了电压漂移效应的要求。结论是,对于开关频率有限的高功率应用,低但非整数的载流子比是避免MMC电池之间固有电压漂移的首选。通过这样做,有源电压平衡算法只需要作为备用。
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引用次数: 0
A seamless switching control strategy of photovoltaic units in droop-controlled DC microgrids 直流微电网中光伏机组的无缝切换控制策略
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310530
Panbao Wang, Xu Yang, Wei Wang, Guihua Liu, Dianguo Xu
Photovoltaic (PV) units in DC microgrids (MGs) usually have two operating modes including constant voltage control (CVC) mode and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) mode. When the operating mode of PV units switches between CVC and MPPT, unexpected transient problems of output voltage and current may occur. Droop control applied in DC-MGs can achieve load current sharing at the time when more than two voltage-source units are connected in parallel. This paper puts forward a seamless switching control strategy of PV units in DC-MGs based on droop control. The proposed control strategy consists of voltage-current inner loops, droop control loop, and MPPT module. In this paper, conventional control strategy of PV units in DC-MGs is introduced firstly, and then the droop characteristics of voltage-shifting are analyzed. A basic DC-MG system made up of PV unit, DC load and AC grid interface inverter is set up to validate the proposed control strategy. The MPPT performance of proposed control strategy is tested. Experimental results show that compared with the conventional control strategy, better transient characteristic is achieved by using the proposed seamless switching control strategy.
直流微电网中的光伏发电机组通常有恒压控制(CVC)和最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)两种工作模式。当光伏机组运行模式在CVC和MPPT之间切换时,可能会出现意外的输出电压和电流的瞬态问题。当两个以上的电压源单元并联时,应用于直流mg的下垂控制可以实现负载电流分担。提出了一种基于下垂控制的直流电网光伏机组无缝切换控制策略。该控制策略由电压电流内环、下垂控制环和MPPT模块组成。本文首先介绍了直流电网中光伏机组的常规控制策略,然后分析了移压的下垂特性。建立了一个由光伏机组、直流负载和交流电网接口逆变器组成的基本DC- mg系统,验证了所提出的控制策略。对所提出的控制策略进行了MPPT性能测试。实验结果表明,与传统控制策略相比,所提出的无缝切换控制策略获得了更好的暂态特性。
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引用次数: 4
Operation of hybrid multi-terminal DC system under normal and DC fault operating conditions 混合多端子直流系统在正常和故障工况下的运行
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310417
Sayan Acharya, Ali Azidehak, K. Vechalapu, M. Kashani, G. Chavan, S. Bhattacharya, N. Yousefpoor
Recently, multi-terminal DC (MTDC) system has received more attention in the power transmission areas. Development of modular structured power converter topologies has now enabled the power converter technology to attain high voltage high power ratings. Compared to current source converter technology, voltage source converters have several benefits including higher power quality, independent control of active and reactive power etc. This paper focuses on a unique MTDC system consisting of terminals with different converter topologies especially considering the fact that each of the terminals may be manufactured by different vendors. In this particular configuration, the MTDC system consists of four terminals namely two advanced modular multi-level converter with high frequency isolation, one standard modular multi-level converter (MMC) with half bridge sub modules and the fourth terminal is modular DC-DC converter which integrates PV along with a Battery energy storage system with the DC grid directly. This paper presents a system level study of hybrid MTDC System. Also the DC fault contingency case has been explored thoroughly. An algorithm has been proposed to prevent the system damage. All the cases have been demonstrated with the PSCAD simulation results. To show the system practically works in real time, the system is also evaluated in a unique real time platform, consisting of interconnected RTDS and OPAL RT systems.
近年来,多端子直流(MTDC)系统在输电领域受到越来越多的关注。模块化结构电源转换器拓扑结构的发展使电源转换器技术能够实现高电压高额定功率。与电流源变换器技术相比,电压源变换器具有电能质量高、有功和无功独立控制等优点。本文的重点是一个独特的MTDC系统,该系统由具有不同转换器拓扑结构的终端组成,特别是考虑到每个终端可能由不同的供应商制造。在这种特殊的配置中,MTDC系统由四个终端组成,即两个具有高频隔离的先进模块化多电平转换器,一个具有半桥子模块的标准模块化多电平转换器(MMC),第四个终端是模块化DC-DC转换器,它将光伏电池储能系统与直流电网直接集成在一起。本文从系统层面对混合MTDC系统进行了研究。并对直流故障事故进行了深入的探讨。提出了一种防止系统损坏的算法。所有的实例都用PSCAD仿真结果进行了验证。为了显示系统的实际实时工作,系统还在一个独特的实时平台上进行了评估,该平台由互连的RTDS和OPAL RT系统组成。
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引用次数: 5
A novel three-phase inverter for common-mode voltage reduction in electric drives 一种用于电力驱动共模电压降低的新型三相逆变器
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310077
L. Concari, D. Barater, Carlo Concar, G. Buticchi
This paper presents an active solution for the elimination of the leakage current, in a three-phase PWM inverter drive. With respect to a traditional three-phase bridge, the proposed solution reduces the common-mode voltage variations, both in amplitude and frequency. A novel architecture for the inverter is presented. Between the DC source and the traditional three-phase bridge, two active DC-decoupling devices and a voltage-clamping network have been added. A dedicated control strategy was developed adopting a modified Space Vector PWM modulation, oriented to the reduction of the common-mode voltage variations in the proposed topology. Simulations showing the good performance of the solution are presented. A preliminary prototype was developed and experimental results are presented.
本文提出了一种消除三相PWM逆变器中漏电流的主动解决方案。与传统的三相电桥相比,所提出的解决方案减少了共模电压的幅度和频率变化。提出了一种新的逆变器结构。在直流电源和传统三相桥之间,增加了两个有源直流去耦装置和电压箝位网络。采用改进的空间矢量PWM调制,开发了一种专用控制策略,旨在减少所提出拓扑结构中的共模电压变化。仿真结果表明了该方法的良好性能。研制了初步样机,并给出了实验结果。
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引用次数: 7
Family of cascaded high-voltage-gain bidirectional switched-capacitor DC-DC converters 级联高压增益双向开关电容DC-DC变换器系列
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310590
Song Xiong, Siew-Chong Tan
High-voltage-gain step-up DC-DC converters are required for the applications of distributed energy resources (DERs). A family of bidirectional switched-capacitor (SC) converters with high gain ratio of any positive integer are proposed in this paper. These converters are of high efficiency, easy to control, and are with low output voltage ripple of less than 1%. The proposed converters are also capable of delivering bidirectional power, which is a key requirement for the applications with battery storage. A prototype of 9-time SC converter at 20 V input voltage, 100 W output, 75 kHz, is built and tested. Experiment results show that the maximum efficiency of the 9-time SC converter is over 98% without driver's loss and the efficiency over the entire load range between 25 W and 100 W is over 95.5% including the driver's loss.
分布式能源(DERs)的应用需要高电压增益升压DC-DC转换器。提出了一种具有任意正整数高增益比的双向开关电容器(SC)变换器。这些变换器效率高,易于控制,输出电压纹波小于1%。所提出的转换器还能够提供双向电力,这是电池存储应用的关键要求。建立了输入电压为20 V、输出功率为100 W、输出频率为75 kHz的9倍SC变换器样机并进行了测试。实验结果表明,在无驱动损耗的情况下,9倍SC变换器的最大效率可达98%以上,在25 W ~ 100 W的整个负载范围内,考虑驱动损耗,效率可达95.5%以上。
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引用次数: 18
Reverse matrix converter for permanent magnet synchronous motor drives using a direct power control 反向矩阵变换器用于永磁同步电机驱动,采用直接功率控制
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310616
Yeongsu Bak, Yongsoo Cho, Kyo-Beum Lee
This paper proposes a control method for a reverse matrix converter (RMC)-fed three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). In this regard, a direct power control (DPC) is used as an additional control method. An indirect matrix converter (IMC) is an AC/AC power conversion system without dc-link energy storage elements such as capacitors or inductors. The IMC features full four-quadrant operation and sinusoidal input-output currents. In addition, the IMC has many advantages such as small size, low weight and durability. However, the IMC has a maximum voltage transfer ratio of 0.866. In this study, to increase the voltage transfer ratio, a boost-mode IMC is used to feed the PMSM. The boost mode IMC is called a RMC because the topology of the RMC reverses the input and output power flow of the IMC. Therefore, the RMC has a minimum voltage transfer ratio of 1/0.866. However, in case the system has a low-resistance load such as a motor in the output stage, the control of the PMSM is difficult without an additional control method. In other studies regarding the RMC, a high-resistance load is used for the output stage, which prevents the aforementioned problem. The effectiveness of the proposed control method using the RMC-fed PMSM is verified through simulation results.
提出了一种反矩阵变换器(RMC)馈电三相永磁同步电动机(PMSM)的控制方法。在这方面,直接功率控制(DPC)被用作附加的控制方法。间接矩阵变换器(IMC)是一种不含电容或电感等直流链路储能元件的交流/交流功率转换系统。IMC具有完整的四象限操作和正弦输入输出电流。此外,IMC还具有体积小、重量轻、耐用等优点。然而,IMC的最大电压传递比为0.866。在本研究中,为了提高电压传递比,采用升压模式IMC馈送永磁同步电机。升压模式IMC被称为RMC,因为RMC的拓扑结构反转了IMC的输入和输出功率流。因此,RMC的最小电压传递比为1/0.866。然而,如果系统具有低电阻负载,例如输出级的电机,则如果没有额外的控制方法,则PMSM的控制是困难的。在其他关于RMC的研究中,输出级使用了高阻负载,从而防止了上述问题。仿真结果验证了该控制方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Online current and vibration signal monitoring based fault detection of bowed rotor induction motor 基于电流和振动信号在线监测的弯曲转子异步电动机故障检测
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310078
M. Uddin, Md. Mizanur Rahman
Regular condition monitoring of rotating machines using advanced spectrum analysis reduces the unexpected breakdown and excessive maintenance of the machines. If the irregularities are not identified in the early stage, the reliable operation of the machines are affected which may become catastrophic to the operation of the rotating machines. Therefore, this paper presents an online condition monitoring based fault detection of induction motor (IM). Characteristic features of motor current and vibration signals are analyzed in time domain as a fault diagnosis technique which is a key parameter to the fault threshold. Motor current and vibration signals are analyzed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Hilbert Transform (HT) to detect the severity of the fault and its possible location under different load conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed FFT and HT based analysis to predict the fault is verified using experimental data and its rate of success under different load conditions is also recorded. It is found that the HT can more precisely identify the fault using vibration signal as compared to the conventional FFT method. The magnitudes of the spectral components are extracted for the pattern reorganization of the fault. Spectrum analysis techniques are used under normal and bowed rotor condition to a 3-phase, 2 pole, 1/3 hp, 60 Hz, 2950 rpm IM drive.
使用先进的频谱分析对旋转机器进行定期状态监测,减少了机器的意外故障和过度维护。如果不及早发现这些异常,就会影响机器的可靠运行,这可能会对旋转机器的运行造成灾难性的影响。为此,本文提出了一种基于在线状态监测的异步电动机故障检测方法。电机电流和振动信号的时域特征分析是故障诊断的关键参数,也是故障阈值的关键参数。利用快速傅里叶变换(FFT)和希尔伯特变换(HT)对电机电流和振动信号进行分析,检测出不同负载条件下故障的严重程度和可能的位置。利用实验数据验证了基于FFT和HT分析的故障预测的有效性,并记录了其在不同负载条件下的成功率。结果表明,与传统的快速傅里叶变换方法相比,该方法能更准确地利用振动信号识别故障。提取各谱分量的幅值用于断层的模式重组。在正常和弯曲转子条件下,对三相,2极,1/3马力,60 Hz, 2950 rpm的IM驱动器使用频谱分析技术。
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引用次数: 15
MVDC microgrids enabled by 15kV SiC IGBT based flexible three phase dual active bridge isolated DC-DC converter 基于15kV SiC IGBT的柔性三相双有源桥式隔离DC-DC变换器实现MVDC微电网
Pub Date : 2015-10-29 DOI: 10.1109/ECCE.2015.7310462
A. Tripathi, K. Mainali, S. Madhusoodhanan, D. Patel, A. Kadavelugu, S. Hazra, S. Bhattacharya, K. Hatua
The Dual Active Bridge (DABC) dc-dc converter is an integral part of the recently popular Medium-Voltage (MV) dc micro-grid application due to its high-power density. The advent of 15kV SiC IGBT and 10kV SiC MOSFET, has enabled a non-cascaded MV and Medium-Frequency (MF) DABC converter which is expected to have higher MTBF than the cascaded H-bridge topology due to relatively small number of switches. A composite DABC three-level three-phase topology earlier proposed for MV-MF application, has dual secondary side bridges to meet the rated load conditions. The duty-ratio control of the primary and the independent operation of dual secondary bridges as a single active bridge, can be utilized to solve the light load ZVS problem. This paper presents flexible operating modes of this MV DABC for ZVS and higher efficiency. The MV DABC simulations are presented to bring out the advantages of this topology in wide range load and voltage-ratio conditions. This paper reports 8kV experimental validation of this DABC while using 15kV/40A SiC IGBTs on the MV side.
双有源桥式(DABC) dc-dc变换器因其高功率密度而成为近年来流行的中压(MV)直流微电网应用的重要组成部分。15kV SiC IGBT和10kV SiC MOSFET的出现,使得非级联MV和中频(MF) DABC转换器成为可能,由于开关数量相对较少,预计比级联h桥拓扑具有更高的MTBF。先前提出的用于MV-MF应用的复合DABC三电平三相拓扑结构具有双次侧桥以满足额定负载条件。通过控制主桥和双次桥作为单有源桥独立运行的占空比,可以解决轻载ZVS问题。本文介绍了该系统灵活的工作方式和较高的效率。通过MV - DABC仿真,验证了该拓扑在大范围负载和电压比条件下的优势。本文报道了该DABC在中频侧使用15kV/40A SiC igbt时的8kV实验验证。
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引用次数: 16
期刊
2015 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE)
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