In the last five years, there have been a total of 1,168 fires in outdoor air conditioners, half of which 49.4% occurred in residential facilities. Since 2006, the “Regulations on Housing Construction Standards, etc.” have been revised, and the Air conditioner room that has entered the indoor space is operated without opening the louvers sufficiently in a small space, or dust and moisture accumulate in a poorly ventilated state due to loading a large amount of goods, and if the air conditioner is operated for a long time due to a heat waves, the outdoor unit overheats, increasing the risk of fire. The study investigated the cases of the sprinkler installation in the Air conditioner room by type, and analyzed the three causes of fire suppression failure of the sprinkler in the event of a fire: ignition source, combustible material, and head operation failure, and analyzed using TRIZ technique. In order not to fail to extinguish the fire, An additional head should be installed. Water radiated from Upper head cools the thermal part of Lower head when installed in combination with the Upper and lower head, and the Lower head does not work. When the upper head is operated, the lower head can also be operated, and the fire suppression effect was demonstrated through a fire test.
{"title":"A Study on the Sprinkler Installation Plan in the Air Conditioner Room through TRIZ Analysis","authors":"Hyun-Jung Lee, Jun-Seok Nam, Seung-Yun Kim","doi":"10.7731/kifse.15e23726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.15e23726","url":null,"abstract":"In the last five years, there have been a total of 1,168 fires in outdoor air conditioners, half of which 49.4% occurred in residential facilities. Since 2006, the “Regulations on Housing Construction Standards, etc.” have been revised, and the Air conditioner room that has entered the indoor space is operated without opening the louvers sufficiently in a small space, or dust and moisture accumulate in a poorly ventilated state due to loading a large amount of goods, and if the air conditioner is operated for a long time due to a heat waves, the outdoor unit overheats, increasing the risk of fire. The study investigated the cases of the sprinkler installation in the Air conditioner room by type, and analyzed the three causes of fire suppression failure of the sprinkler in the event of a fire: ignition source, combustible material, and head operation failure, and analyzed using TRIZ technique. In order not to fail to extinguish the fire, An additional head should be installed. Water radiated from Upper head cools the thermal part of Lower head when installed in combination with the Upper and lower head, and the Lower head does not work. When the upper head is operated, the lower head can also be operated, and the fire suppression effect was demonstrated through a fire test.","PeriodicalId":6687,"journal":{"name":"2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE)","volume":"19 36","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135814529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sun Jae Kim, Tae Hoon Kim, Young Soo Gong, Ki Tae Lee, Dong Gyu Lee, Hyun Won Lee, Woo Seung Woo, Jae Geun Oh
In this study, a vehicle fire caused by diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration in a truck was investigated and analyzed. A DPF is a filter that collects soot from the exhaust gas; when certain conditions are met, the soot collected in the DPF is burned by the high-temperature exhaust gas. This process is referred to as regeneration. During DPF regeneration, the high-temperature exhaust gas is ejected and combustibles around the exhaust outlet under the vehicle may ignite. Herein, we analyzed a case of fire that occurred in an underground parking lot in 2022. The vehicle was parked for loading, and the fire broke out approximately 6 min later. During the field investigation, traces of combustion were observed in the paper boxes stacked around the truck’s exhaust port. Thus, we conducted a DPF regeneration experiment using a vehicle similar to that which caught fire. The experimental results confirmed that the surrounding combustibles can be ignited by the high-temperature heat generated during DPF regeneration. Further analysis indicated the necessity of being aware of the risk of fire owing to DPF regeneration when vehicles are parked or stopped and combustible materials are present around the exhaust outlet.
{"title":"Experimental Study on a Fire Causedby Diesel Particulate Filter Regeneration","authors":"Sun Jae Kim, Tae Hoon Kim, Young Soo Gong, Ki Tae Lee, Dong Gyu Lee, Hyun Won Lee, Woo Seung Woo, Jae Geun Oh","doi":"10.7731/kifse.9291ed74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.9291ed74","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a vehicle fire caused by diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration in a truck was investigated and analyzed. A DPF is a filter that collects soot from the exhaust gas; when certain conditions are met, the soot collected in the DPF is burned by the high-temperature exhaust gas. This process is referred to as regeneration. During DPF regeneration, the high-temperature exhaust gas is ejected and combustibles around the exhaust outlet under the vehicle may ignite. Herein, we analyzed a case of fire that occurred in an underground parking lot in 2022. The vehicle was parked for loading, and the fire broke out approximately 6 min later. During the field investigation, traces of combustion were observed in the paper boxes stacked around the truck’s exhaust port. Thus, we conducted a DPF regeneration experiment using a vehicle similar to that which caught fire. The experimental results confirmed that the surrounding combustibles can be ignited by the high-temperature heat generated during DPF regeneration. Further analysis indicated the necessity of being aware of the risk of fire owing to DPF regeneration when vehicles are parked or stopped and combustible materials are present around the exhaust outlet.","PeriodicalId":6687,"journal":{"name":"2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE)","volume":"27 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, the interest in ecofriendly energy as an alternative to fossil fuels, which cause climate change and sea level rise, has increased. To achieve the efficient utilization of ecofriendly energy, such as a renewable energy, considerable effort has been made to use energy storage systems (ESSs) and smart grid systems. However, many safety problems, such as battery fires caused by the increase in the use of secondary batteries, significantly limit their application scope. In this study, to investigate the fire characteristics of lithium ion batteries (LIBs), the characteristics of the spontaneous exothermic reaction and thermal runaway phenomenon that occur at each temperature of an LIB battery were investigated using an accelerating rate calorimeter. The batteries used in the experiments were standard 18650 cylindrical batteries with a capacity of 2600 mAh, and they were tested at three different state-of-charge (SOC) levels: 0%, 50%, and 100%. The type of heat generated by each experimental condition was classified into four stages, and the existence and temperature rise characteristics of each stage were investigated according to the SOC. Although thermal runaway occurred at both 50% and 100% SOC, the reaction at 50% SOC did not escalate into violent explosions like the reaction observed at 100% charging. Furthermore, the activation energies for the thermal runaway observed in the experiments conducted at 50% and 100% SOC are presented.
{"title":"Fire Characteristics of Lithium-ion Battery According to the State of Charge in an Accelerating Rate Calorimeter","authors":"Sin-Woo Kim, Eui-Ju Lee","doi":"10.7731/kifse.e0c1f85b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.e0c1f85b","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the interest in ecofriendly energy as an alternative to fossil fuels, which cause climate change and sea level rise, has increased. To achieve the efficient utilization of ecofriendly energy, such as a renewable energy, considerable effort has been made to use energy storage systems (ESSs) and smart grid systems. However, many safety problems, such as battery fires caused by the increase in the use of secondary batteries, significantly limit their application scope. In this study, to investigate the fire characteristics of lithium ion batteries (LIBs), the characteristics of the spontaneous exothermic reaction and thermal runaway phenomenon that occur at each temperature of an LIB battery were investigated using an accelerating rate calorimeter. The batteries used in the experiments were standard 18650 cylindrical batteries with a capacity of 2600 mAh, and they were tested at three different state-of-charge (SOC) levels: 0%, 50%, and 100%. The type of heat generated by each experimental condition was classified into four stages, and the existence and temperature rise characteristics of each stage were investigated according to the SOC. Although thermal runaway occurred at both 50% and 100% SOC, the reaction at 50% SOC did not escalate into violent explosions like the reaction observed at 100% charging. Furthermore, the activation energies for the thermal runaway observed in the experiments conducted at 50% and 100% SOC are presented.","PeriodicalId":6687,"journal":{"name":"2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE)","volume":"82 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The brine concentration and salt spray time of KS D 9502, a saltwater spray test commonly used in Korea, were used to experimentally confirm the corrosion in iron, copper and stainless steel, and the degree of corrosion in fire extinguishers, automatic diffusion extinguishers, and residential automatic extinguishers. The results of the KS D 9502 brine spray test confirmed that there was little difference between iron and stainless under all test conditions, and that the results of the salt water test for copper were nearly identical to those of 5 wt% and 240 h (10 cycles). Unlike the two previous sets of conditions, the test results obtained at 5 wt% and 120 h of saltwater of the raw material showed very few visual (qualitative) and weight (quantitative) changes in corrosion, rendering these conditions unsuitable for the saltwater spray test. The saltwater spray tests in the fire extinguisher, automatic diffusion fire extinguisher, and residential automatic fire extinguisher showed that the results obtained at 5 wt% salt water and 240 h (10 cycles) and those obtained at 20 wt%, 240 h were nearly identical. These experimental studies show that the saltwater spray test of KS D 9502 is a variable in the corrosion resistance test, in which the time of the saltwater spray test is more important than the saltwater concentration.
采用韩国常用的盐水喷雾试验KS D 9502的盐水浓度和盐雾时间，实验确定了铁、铜和不锈钢的腐蚀情况，以及灭火器、自动扩散灭火器和居民用自动灭火器的腐蚀程度。KS D 9502盐水喷雾试验的结果证实，在所有测试条件下，铁和不锈钢之间的差异很小，铜的盐水试验结果与5 wt%和240 h(10个循环)的结果几乎相同。与前两组条件不同，在原料的盐水浓度为5wt %和120h时获得的测试结果显示，腐蚀的视觉(定性)和重量(定量)变化很小，因此这些条件不适合盐水喷雾试验。在灭火器、自动扩散灭火器和家用自动灭火器中进行的盐水喷雾试验表明，在5 wt%的盐水和240 h(10个循环)下得到的结果与在20 wt%的盐水和240 h下得到的结果几乎相同。这些实验研究表明，KS D 9502的盐水喷雾试验是耐蚀试验中的一个变量，其中盐水喷雾试验时间比盐水浓度更为重要。
{"title":"Evaluating Corrosion Resistance of Metal Materials in Fire Productsvia Saltwater Spray Test Under Various Experimental Conditions","authors":"Jong-Sang Kim, Yong-Taek Han","doi":"10.7731/kifse.18909a98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.18909a98","url":null,"abstract":"The brine concentration and salt spray time of KS D 9502, a saltwater spray test commonly used in Korea, were used to experimentally confirm the corrosion in iron, copper and stainless steel, and the degree of corrosion in fire extinguishers, automatic diffusion extinguishers, and residential automatic extinguishers. The results of the KS D 9502 brine spray test confirmed that there was little difference between iron and stainless under all test conditions, and that the results of the salt water test for copper were nearly identical to those of 5 wt% and 240 h (10 cycles). Unlike the two previous sets of conditions, the test results obtained at 5 wt% and 120 h of saltwater of the raw material showed very few visual (qualitative) and weight (quantitative) changes in corrosion, rendering these conditions unsuitable for the saltwater spray test. The saltwater spray tests in the fire extinguisher, automatic diffusion fire extinguisher, and residential automatic fire extinguisher showed that the results obtained at 5 wt% salt water and 240 h (10 cycles) and those obtained at 20 wt%, 240 h were nearly identical. These experimental studies show that the saltwater spray test of KS D 9502 is a variable in the corrosion resistance test, in which the time of the saltwater spray test is more important than the saltwater concentration.","PeriodicalId":6687,"journal":{"name":"2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE)","volume":"17 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emergency medical services (EMS) personnel play an important role in infectious disease control at the forefront of the emergency medical system. However, the increase in EMS personnel’s workload due to the prevalence of infectious diseases can negatively affect the practice of infection control. Accordingly, this study identified the infection control organizational culture, infection control fatigue, and burnout of EMS personnel and analyzed the correlation. In 2023, data on infection control organizational culture, infection control fatigue, and burnout were collected using a structured questionnaire for 104 participating EMS personnel in the Seoul metropolitan area. The findings showed that the personnel were unaware of the infection control organizational culture, and the degrees of infection control fatigue and burnout were high. The more negatively the personnel perceived the infection control organizational culture and the higher the infection control fatigue, the higher the burnout. Therefore, policies to manage EMS personnel’s infection control organizational culture, infection control fatigue, and burnout should be prepared and implemented.
{"title":"Correlation Between the Infection Control Organizational Culture, Infection Control Fatigue, and Burnout","authors":"Si-Yoon Oh, In-Soo Lee","doi":"10.7731/kifse.59ac0d12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.59ac0d12","url":null,"abstract":"Emergency medical services (EMS) personnel play an important role in infectious disease control at the forefront of the emergency medical system. However, the increase in EMS personnel’s workload due to the prevalence of infectious diseases can negatively affect the practice of infection control. Accordingly, this study identified the infection control organizational culture, infection control fatigue, and burnout of EMS personnel and analyzed the correlation. In 2023, data on infection control organizational culture, infection control fatigue, and burnout were collected using a structured questionnaire for 104 participating EMS personnel in the Seoul metropolitan area. The findings showed that the personnel were unaware of the infection control organizational culture, and the degrees of infection control fatigue and burnout were high. The more negatively the personnel perceived the infection control organizational culture and the higher the infection control fatigue, the higher the burnout. Therefore, policies to manage EMS personnel’s infection control organizational culture, infection control fatigue, and burnout should be prepared and implemented.","PeriodicalId":6687,"journal":{"name":"2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE)","volume":"21 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135814248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (dFMEA) was performed to evaluate the fire risk of lithium-ion secondary battery testing cells used during the research and development stage. dFMEA was used for the failure risk analysis, risk assessment, and risk priority analysis of the anode, cathode, separator, electrolyte, and cell design of the testing cell. In addition, the evaluation criteria, including severity, occurrence, and detection, was reorganized into three categories and optimized for the testing cell application. Based on the failure risk analysis, a total of 11 causes of failure were identified. In particular, explosion and thermal runaway were predicted when a nickel-cobalt-manganese (NCM)-based anode material with a high nickel content was used, the separator had a high thermal contraction rate and low tensile strength characteristics, and there were errors in the electrolyte composition optimization. This cause of failure was classified as a moderate risk with a high fire risk by the risk priority analysis. Therefore, at the research and development stage, it is critical to evaluate the mutual reactivity and preliminary physical properties of battery materials and to construct safety equipment to reduce fire damage.
{"title":"A Study on dFMEA-based Fire Risk Assessment of Lithium-ion Secondary Battery Testing Cells","authors":"Jong Gu Kim, Hyeong Gi Kim","doi":"10.7731/kifse.f4f02cf1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.f4f02cf1","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (dFMEA) was performed to evaluate the fire risk of lithium-ion secondary battery testing cells used during the research and development stage. dFMEA was used for the failure risk analysis, risk assessment, and risk priority analysis of the anode, cathode, separator, electrolyte, and cell design of the testing cell. In addition, the evaluation criteria, including severity, occurrence, and detection, was reorganized into three categories and optimized for the testing cell application. Based on the failure risk analysis, a total of 11 causes of failure were identified. In particular, explosion and thermal runaway were predicted when a nickel-cobalt-manganese (NCM)-based anode material with a high nickel content was used, the separator had a high thermal contraction rate and low tensile strength characteristics, and there were errors in the electrolyte composition optimization. This cause of failure was classified as a moderate risk with a high fire risk by the risk priority analysis. Therefore, at the research and development stage, it is critical to evaluate the mutual reactivity and preliminary physical properties of battery materials and to construct safety equipment to reduce fire damage.","PeriodicalId":6687,"journal":{"name":"2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE)","volume":"78 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yeon Je Shin, Minjae Kwon, Sungwook Kang, Joung Yoon Choi
A full-scale test was conducted to evaluate the risk of a modern battery electric vehicle (BEV) fire in an underground car park. A test rig 7,800 × 7,800 × 2,300 mm in size was built to simulate the corner segment of an underground car park. The BEV was positioned in a parking bay at a corner of the structure . The lithium-ion battery pack was heated using an electric heating sheet to activate thermal runaway inside the pack. The temperature distribution in the internal space of the test rig was measured using a thermocouple. The incident heat fluxes on neighboring cars were also estimated using heat flux gauges positioned around the test vehicle. Deflagration venting was observed instantaneously after the initial ignition of the flammable gas accumulated under the ceiling of the test rig. This phenomenon accelerated the growth of the BEV fire, resulting in an average ceiling jet temperature of 1,000 ℃ and a peak heat flux of 225 kW/m2.
{"title":"A Full-scale Fire Test on Electric Vehiclein an Underground Car Parks","authors":"Yeon Je Shin, Minjae Kwon, Sungwook Kang, Joung Yoon Choi","doi":"10.7731/kifse.9170e1e5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.9170e1e5","url":null,"abstract":"A full-scale test was conducted to evaluate the risk of a modern battery electric vehicle (BEV) fire in an underground car park. A test rig 7,800 × 7,800 × 2,300 mm in size was built to simulate the corner segment of an underground car park. The BEV was positioned in a parking bay at a corner of the structure . The lithium-ion battery pack was heated using an electric heating sheet to activate thermal runaway inside the pack. The temperature distribution in the internal space of the test rig was measured using a thermocouple. The incident heat fluxes on neighboring cars were also estimated using heat flux gauges positioned around the test vehicle. Deflagration venting was observed instantaneously after the initial ignition of the flammable gas accumulated under the ceiling of the test rig. This phenomenon accelerated the growth of the BEV fire, resulting in an average ceiling jet temperature of 1,000 ℃ and a peak heat flux of 225 kW/m<sup>2</sup>.","PeriodicalId":6687,"journal":{"name":"2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE)","volume":"3 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135871196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Insulation materials are widely used in buildings for energy conservation. However, a combustible insulation material poses a potential risk of rapid flame propagation in the event of a fire. Since ignition occurs through surface pyrolysis before combustion takes place, it is important to understand the pyrolysis process of insulation materials. In this study, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted at different heating rates to investigate the pyrolysis of expanded polystyrene (EPS). The results indicate that the pyrolysis of EPS occurs in one stage, with weight loss occurring at temperatures in the range of 370–430 ℃. The pyrolysis kinetics were analyzed using the model-free and model-free method based on TGA results. Kinetic analysis allowed for the determination of pyrolysis parameters such as activation energy, pre-exponential factor, and reaction mechanism of EPS. Furthermore, the suitability of the pyrolysis parameters obtained in this study was examined using a pyrolysis model for fire simulation.
{"title":"Experimental Study on the Surface Pyrolysis Properties and Modeling of Expanded Polystyrene","authors":"Yejin Ha, Joonho Jeon","doi":"10.7731/kifse.1c106f92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.1c106f92","url":null,"abstract":"Insulation materials are widely used in buildings for energy conservation. However, a combustible insulation material poses a potential risk of rapid flame propagation in the event of a fire. Since ignition occurs through surface pyrolysis before combustion takes place, it is important to understand the pyrolysis process of insulation materials. In this study, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted at different heating rates to investigate the pyrolysis of expanded polystyrene (EPS). The results indicate that the pyrolysis of EPS occurs in one stage, with weight loss occurring at temperatures in the range of 370–430 ℃. The pyrolysis kinetics were analyzed using the model-free and model-free method based on TGA results. Kinetic analysis allowed for the determination of pyrolysis parameters such as activation energy, pre-exponential factor, and reaction mechanism of EPS. Furthermore, the suitability of the pyrolysis parameters obtained in this study was examined using a pyrolysis model for fire simulation.","PeriodicalId":6687,"journal":{"name":"2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE)","volume":"118 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135814530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Owing to recent factory fires in industrial complexes, fire safety measures are being prepared nationally. Accordingly, this study conducted an analysis of related laws and literatures to identify fire risk factors for factories in industrial complexes as part of the development of fire prediction, control, and response technologies. Through this, the definition and classification system for industrial complexes, application of fire safety measures, fire risk factor identification methods and processes, and fire characteristics and protection measures for factories in industrial complexes were examined. The review results confirmed that the buildings corresponding to factories in industrial complexes were large, and the facilities were of Type 3. Based on this, the scale and scope of buildings located in fire risk blind spots in factories within industrial complexes were set to be less than 5,000 m2 in total floor area and no more than 10 stories (less than 33 m in height). In addition, in & exterior of protection and risk (IEPR) analysis using strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats (SWOT) analysis was proposed to select fire risk factors for factories in industrial complexes. In conclusion, the following four fire risk factor selection models were proposed through matrix creation: fire risk, life safety, fire spread, and fire protection.
{"title":"An Analysis of Related Laws and Literatures to Identify Fire Risk Factors for Factories in Industrial Complexes","authors":"Euy-Hong Hwang, Oh-Sang Kweon","doi":"10.7731/kifse.55994e5d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.55994e5d","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to recent factory fires in industrial complexes, fire safety measures are being prepared nationally. Accordingly, this study conducted an analysis of related laws and literatures to identify fire risk factors for factories in industrial complexes as part of the development of fire prediction, control, and response technologies. Through this, the definition and classification system for industrial complexes, application of fire safety measures, fire risk factor identification methods and processes, and fire characteristics and protection measures for factories in industrial complexes were examined. The review results confirmed that the buildings corresponding to factories in industrial complexes were large, and the facilities were of Type 3. Based on this, the scale and scope of buildings located in fire risk blind spots in factories within industrial complexes were set to be less than 5,000 m<sup>2</sup> in total floor area and no more than 10 stories (less than 33 m in height). In addition, in & exterior of protection and risk (IEPR) analysis using strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats (SWOT) analysis was proposed to select fire risk factors for factories in industrial complexes. In conclusion, the following four fire risk factor selection models were proposed through matrix creation: fire risk, life safety, fire spread, and fire protection.","PeriodicalId":6687,"journal":{"name":"2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135869796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Korea, industrial complexes for manufacturing and producing various products have been established in the region. Owing to their rapid development and ease of management, most industrial complexes are composed of steel-structured buildings, and only few buildings are reinforced concrete structures. Steel-structure buildings are generally known to have relatively low fire resistance depending on their material characteristics, which necessitates additional fire resistance reinforcement procedures to ensure structural safety. In this study, we experimentally evaluated the behavioral characteristics according to the exposure temperature of intumescent paint, which is a fire-resistant reinforcement material applied in various steel structures (including industrial complexes), to use it as a database for the diagnostic evaluation of fire-damaged steel structures.
{"title":"Evaluation of Behavioral Characteristics of the Fire Resistant Paint by Exposure Temperature","authors":"Hyun Kang, Heung Youl Kim, Oh Sang Kweon","doi":"10.7731/kifse.7db87c58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7731/kifse.7db87c58","url":null,"abstract":"In Korea, industrial complexes for manufacturing and producing various products have been established in the region. Owing to their rapid development and ease of management, most industrial complexes are composed of steel-structured buildings, and only few buildings are reinforced concrete structures. Steel-structure buildings are generally known to have relatively low fire resistance depending on their material characteristics, which necessitates additional fire resistance reinforcement procedures to ensure structural safety. In this study, we experimentally evaluated the behavioral characteristics according to the exposure temperature of intumescent paint, which is a fire-resistant reinforcement material applied in various steel structures (including industrial complexes), to use it as a database for the diagnostic evaluation of fire-damaged steel structures.","PeriodicalId":6687,"journal":{"name":"2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：