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Surrogate model for reservoir performance prediction with time-varying well control based on depth generative network 基于深度生成网络的时变井控储层性能预测替代模型
IF 7 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60541-6
Yanchun LI , Deli JIA , Suling WANG , Ruyi QU , Meixia QIAO , He LIU
This paper proposes a novel intelligent method for defining and solving the reservoir performance prediction problem within a manifold space, fully considering geological uncertainty and the characteristics of reservoirs performance under time-varying well control conditions, creating a surrogate model for reservoir performance prediction based on Conditional Evolutionary Generative Adversarial Networks (CE-GAN). The CE-GAN leverages conditional evolution in the feature space to direct the evolution of the generative network in previously uncontrollable directions, and transforms the problem of reservoir performance prediction into an image evolution problem based on permeability distribution, initial reservoir performance and time-varying well control, thereby enabling fast and accurate reservoir performance prediction under time-varying well control conditions. The experimental results in basic (egg model) and actual water-flooding reservoirs show that the model predictions align well with numerical simulations. In the basic reservoir model validation, the median relative residuals for pressure and oil saturation are 0.5% and 9.0%, respectively. In the actual reservoir model validation, the median relative residuals for both pressure and oil saturation are 4.0%. Regarding time efficiency, the surrogate model after training achieves approximately 160-fold and 280-fold increases in computational speed for the basic and actual reservoir models, respectively, compared with traditional numerical simulations. The reservoir performance prediction surrogate model based on the CE-GAN can effectively enhance the efficiency of production optimization.
本文提出了一种在流形空间内定义和求解油藏性能预测问题的新型智能方法,充分考虑了地质的不确定性和时变井控条件下油藏的性能特征,创建了基于条件演化生成对抗网络(CE-GAN)的油藏性能预测代用模型。CE-GAN利用特征空间的条件进化来引导生成网络向以前不可控的方向进化,并将油藏性能预测问题转化为基于渗透率分布、初始油藏性能和时变井控的图像进化问题,从而实现时变井控条件下快速、准确的油藏性能预测。基本(鸡蛋模型)和实际注水油藏的实验结果表明,模型预测结果与数值模拟结果非常吻合。在基本油藏模型验证中,压力和油饱和度的相对残差中值分别为 0.5% 和 9.0%。在实际油藏模型验证中,压力和含油饱和度的相对残差中值均为 4.0%。在时间效率方面,与传统数值模拟相比,训练后的代用模型在基本油藏模型和实际油藏模型的计算速度上分别提高了约 160 倍和 280 倍。基于 CE-GAN 的储层性能预测代用模型能有效提高生产优化的效率。
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引用次数: 0
Distribution rules of remaining oil by bottom water flooding and potential exploitation strategy in fault- controlled fractured-vuggy reservoirs 断层控制断裂-岩浆储层中底层水淹没剩余石油的分布规律和潜在开采战略
IF 7 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60540-4
Jing WANG , Zhiyuan XU , Junyuan LIU , Jianyu FENG , Qi WANG , Yuwei JIAO , Qi ZHANG , Huiqing LIU
Based on the tectonic genesis and seismic data of fault-controlled fractured-vuggy reservoirs, the typical fractured-vuggy structure features were analyzed. A 3D large-scale visual physical model of “tree-like” fractured-vuggy structure was designed and made. The experiments of bottom-water flooding and multi-media synergistic oil displacement after bottom-water flooding were conducted with different production rates and different well-reservoir configuration relationships. The formation mechanisms and distribution rules of residual oil during bottom-water flooding under such fractured-vuggy structure were revealed. The producing characteristics of residual oil under different production methods after bottom-water flooding were discovered. The results show that the remaining oil in “tree-like” fractured-vuggy structure after bottom-water flooding mainly include the remaining oil of non-well controlled fault zones and the attic remaining oil at the top of well controlled fault zones. There exists obvious water channeling of bottom-water along the fault at high production rate, but intermittent drainage can effectively weaken the interference effect between fault zones to inhibit water channeling. Compared with the vertical well, horizontal well can reduce the difference in flow conductivity between fault zones and show better resistance to water channeling. The closer the horizontal well locates to the upper part of the “canopy”, the higher the oil recovery is at the bottom-water flooding stage. However, comprehensive consideration of the bottom-water flooding and subsequent gas injection development, the total recovery is higher when the horizontal well locates in the middle part of the “canopy” and drills through a large number of fault zones. After bottom water flooding, the effect of gas huff and puff is better than that of gas flooding, and the effect of gas huff and puff with large slug is better than that of small slug. Because such development method can effectively develop the remaining oil of non-well controlled fault zones and the attic remaining oil at the top of well controlled fault zones transversely connected with oil wells, thus greatly improving the oil recovery.
根据断层控制断裂-岩浆储层的构造成因和地震资料,分析了典型的断裂-岩浆构造特征。设计制作了 "树状 "断裂-岩浆构造三维大尺度可视物理模型。在不同生产率和不同油藏构造关系下,进行了底水淹井和底水淹井后多介质协同驱油实验。揭示了这种断裂-岩浆结构下底水涌入过程中剩余油的形成机理和分布规律。发现了底水淹井后不同生产方式下剩余油的生产特征。结果表明,底水淹后 "树状 "断裂凹陷构造中的剩余油主要包括非井控断裂带的剩余油和井控断裂带顶部的阁楼剩余油。高产时底层水沿断层存在明显的窜水现象,但间歇排水可有效削弱断层带间的干扰作用,抑制窜水。与垂直井相比,水平井可以减小断层带之间的导流差,具有更好的抗窜水能力。水平井越靠近 "天幕 "上部,在底水淹没阶段的采油率越高。但综合考虑底水淹井和后续注气开发,水平井位于 "冠层 "中段并钻穿大量断层带时,总采收率较高。底水淹井后,气体喷吹的效果优于气体淹井,气体喷吹加大液滴的效果优于小液滴。因为这种开发方式可以有效地开发非井控断层带的剩余油和与油井横向连接的井控断层带顶部的阁楼剩余油,从而大大提高采油率。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Tethyan domain evolution on the formation of petroleum systems in the Sichuan super basin, SW China 中国西南部四川超级盆地特提安岩域演化对石油系统形成的影响
IF 7 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60534-9
Shuyuan SHI , Wei YANG , Gang ZHOU , Hua JIANG , Hao MENG , Saijun WU , Yan ZHANG , Weihua LU , Zhuangzhuang BAI
Based on the “unidirectional break-up and convergence” geodynamic model, this study investigates the impact of the evolution of the Tethyan domain on the formation of petroleum systems in the Sichuan super basin and explores the enrichment pattern of natural gas. The results show that, firstly, the Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas have experienced two unidirectional rifting-aggregation cycles triggered by the Proto-Tethys Ocean and the Paleo-Tethys Ocean during the Neoproterozoic to Triassic. During Jurassic–Cenozoic, the Sichuan Basin is incorporated in the circum-Tibetan plateau basin-mountain coupled tectonic domain system. The episodic tectonic movements within the plate control the sedimentary infill styles. Second, the evolution of the Tethyan domain, paleoclimatic environment and major geological events controlled the formation and distribution of high-quality source rocks within the basin. The rift valley and intracratonic rift, passive continental margin slope, and intracratonic sags are favorable areas for the development of source rocks. Third, the evolution of the Tethyan domain, supercontinent cycles, global sea level changes, and tectono-climatic events controlled the distribution of carbonate platform and reservoir-caprock combinations. The cratonic platform margins and sub-platform internal high terrains are key areas for finding carbonate high-energy facies belts. Syndepositional paleo-uplifts and surrounding slopes, regional unconformities, and later faults zone are areas where large-scale carbonate reservoirs are distributed. The regional evaporite or shale caprock are beneficial for the large-scale preservation of oil and gas in the basin. Fourth, the spatio-temporal matching relationship of reservoir forming factors influenced by the early tectonic-sedimentary evolution pattern and the degree of later tectonic modification is the key to oil and gas enrichment. Future oil and gas exploration should focus on potential gas systems during the Sinian rift period, Cambrian pre-salt gas systems in the eastern and southern Sichuan, as well as whole oil and gas systems of Permian and Triassic.
本研究基于 "单向断裂-汇聚 "地球动力学模式,研究了特提斯海域演化对四川超级盆地石油系统形成的影响,并探讨了天然气富集模式。研究结果表明:首先,四川盆地及其周边地区在新元古代至三叠纪经历了由原特提斯洋和古特提斯洋引发的两次单向断裂-聚集循环。在侏罗纪-新生代,四川盆地被纳入环青藏高原盆地-山地耦合构造域系统。板块内部的偶发构造运动控制了沉积的充填方式。其次,哲里木盆地的演化、古气候环境和重大地质事件控制了盆地内优质源岩的形成和分布。裂谷和地壳内裂谷、被动大陆边缘斜坡和地壳内陷是源岩发育的有利区域。第三,特提安岩域的演化、超大陆周期、全球海平面变化以及构造-气候事件控制了碳酸盐岩平台和储层-岩体组合的分布。碎屑岩平台边缘和次平台内部高地形是寻找碳酸盐高能面带的关键区域。同步沉积的古隆起及其周围斜坡、区域性不整合以及后期断层带是大规模碳酸盐岩储层的分布区。区域性蒸发岩或页岩盖层有利于盆地油气的大规模保存。第四,早期构造-沉积演化模式与后期构造改造程度影响成藏因素的时空匹配关系是油气富集的关键。未来油气勘探应重点关注新元古代裂谷期潜在气系、川东和川南寒武系前盐气系以及二叠系和三叠系整体油气系统。
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引用次数: 0
Construction and preliminary application of large language model for reservoir performance analysis 用于水库性能分析的大型语言模型的构建和初步应用
IF 7 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60546-5
Huanquan PAN , Jianqiao LIU , Bin GONG , Yiheng ZHU , Junhui BAI , Hu HUANG , Zhengbao FANG , Hongbin JING , Chen LIU , Tie KUANG , Yubo LAN , Tianzhi WANG , Tian XIE , Mingzhe CHENG , Bin QIN , Yujiang SHEN
A large language model (LLM) is constructed to address the sophisticated demands of data retrieval and analysis, detailed well profiling, computation of key technical indicators, and the solutions to complex problems in reservoir performance analysis (RPA). The LLM is constructed for RPA scenarios with incremental pre-training, fine-tuning, and functional subsystems coupling. Functional subsystem and efficient coupling methods are proposed based on named entity recognition (NER), tool invocation, and Text-to-SQL construction, all aimed at resolving pivotal challenges in developing the specific application of LLMs for RDA. This study conducted a detailed accuracy test on feature extraction models, tool classification models, data retrieval models and analysis recommendation models. The results indicate that these models have demonstrated good performance in various key aspects of reservoir dynamic analysis. The research takes some injection and production well groups in the PK3 Block of the Daqing Oilfield as an example for testing. Testing results show that our model has significant potential and practical value in assisting reservoir engineers with RDA. The research results provide a powerful support to the application of LLM in reservoir performance analysis.
构建大型语言模型(LLM)是为了满足油藏性能分析(RPA)中数据检索和分析、详细油井剖面、关键技术指标计算以及复杂问题解决方案的复杂需求。LLM 是针对 RPA 场景构建的,具有增量预培训、微调和功能子系统耦合功能。在命名实体识别(NER)、工具调用和文本到 SQL 构建的基础上,提出了功能子系统和高效耦合方法,这些方法都旨在解决开发 RDA LLM 具体应用的关键挑战。本研究对特征提取模型、工具分类模型、数据检索模型和分析推荐模型进行了详细的准确性测试。结果表明,这些模型在储层动态分析的各个关键方面都表现出了良好的性能。研究以大庆油田 PK3 区块的部分注采井组为例进行测试。测试结果表明,我们的模型在协助油藏工程师进行 RDA 方面具有巨大的潜力和实用价值。研究成果为 LLM 在油藏性能分析中的应用提供了有力支持。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic simulation of differential accumulation history of deep marine oil and gas in superimposed basin: A case study of Lower Paleozoic petroleum system of Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin, NW China 叠加盆地深海油气差异累积历史动态模拟:中国西北部塔里木盆地塔河油田下古生界石油系统案例研究
IF 7 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60536-2
Bin LI , Li ZHONG , Haitao LYU , Suju YANG , Qinqi XU , Xin ZHANG , Binsong ZHENG
According to the complex differential accumulation history of deep marine oil and gas in superposition basins, the Lower Paleozoic petroleum system in Tahe Oilfield of Tarim Basin is selected as a typical case, and the process of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, migration and accumulation, adjustment and transformation of deep oil and gas is restored by means of reservoine-forming dynamics simulation. The thermal evolution history of the Lower Cambrian source rocks in Tahe Oilfield reflects the obvious differences in hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process and intensity in different tectonic zones, which is the main reason controlling the differences in deep oil and gas phases. The complex transport system composed of strike-slip fault and unconformity, etc. controlled early migration and accumulation and late adjustment of deep oil and gas, while the Middle Cambrian gypsum-salt rock in inner carbonate platform prevented vertical migration and accumulation of deep oil and gas, resulting in an obvious “fault-controlled” feature of deep oil and gas, in which the low potential area superimposed by the NE-strike-slip fault zone and deep oil and gas migration was conducive to accumulation, and it is mainly beaded along the strike-slip fault zone in the northeast direction. The dynamic simulation of reservoir formation reveals that the spatio-temporal configuration of “source-fault-fracture-gypsum-preservation” controls the differential accumulation of deep oil and gas in Tahe Oilfield. The Ordovician has experienced the accumulation history of multiple periods of charging, vertical migration and accumulation, and lateral adjustment and transformation, and deep oil and gas have always been in the dynamic equilibrium of migration, accumulation and escape. The statistics of residual oil and gas show that the deep stratum of Tahe Oilfield still has exploration and development potential in the Ordovician Yingshan Formation and Penglaiba Formation, and the Middle and Upper Cambrian ultra-deep stratum has a certain oil and gas resource prospect. This study provides a reference for the dynamic quantitative evaluation of deep oil and gas in the Tarim Basin, and also provides a reference for the study of reservoir formation and evolution in carbonate reservoir of paleo-craton basin.
根据叠合盆地深层海相油气复杂的差异积聚历史,选取塔里木盆地塔河油田下古生界石油系统作为典型案例,通过成藏动力学模拟还原了深层油气的生烃驱烃、运移积聚、调整转化过程。塔河油田下寒武统源岩的热演化历史反映了不同构造带烃生成、排出过程和强度的明显差异,是控制深层油气物相差异的主要原因。由走向-滑动断层和不整合等组成的复杂运移体系中寒武统石膏盐岩在碳酸盐岩平台内部阻止了深层油气的垂直运移和聚集,形成了明显的深层油气 "断裂控制 "特征,其中东北向走向断裂带与深层油气运移叠加的低势区有利于聚集,主要沿东北向走向断裂带呈串珠状分布。储层形成动态模拟揭示了 "源-断层-断裂-石膏-保存 "的时空构造控制着塔河油田深层油气的差异聚集。奥陶系经历了多期充注、垂直运移堆积、横向调整转化的堆积历史,深层油气始终处于运移、堆积、逸出的动态平衡之中。残余油气统计表明,塔河油田深部地层奥陶系英山组、蓬莱坝组仍具有勘探开发潜力,中、上寒武统超深部地层具有一定的油气资源远景。该研究为塔里木盆地深层油气动态定量评价提供了参考,也为古克拉通盆地碳酸盐岩储层形成与演化研究提供了借鉴。
{"title":"Dynamic simulation of differential accumulation history of deep marine oil and gas in superimposed basin: A case study of Lower Paleozoic petroleum system of Tahe Oilfield, Tarim Basin, NW China","authors":"Bin LI ,&nbsp;Li ZHONG ,&nbsp;Haitao LYU ,&nbsp;Suju YANG ,&nbsp;Qinqi XU ,&nbsp;Xin ZHANG ,&nbsp;Binsong ZHENG","doi":"10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60536-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60536-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>According to the complex differential accumulation history of deep marine oil and gas in superposition basins, the Lower Paleozoic petroleum system in Tahe Oilfield of Tarim Basin is selected as a typical case, and the process of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, migration and accumulation, adjustment and transformation of deep oil and gas is restored by means of reservoine-forming dynamics simulation. The thermal evolution history of the Lower Cambrian source rocks in Tahe Oilfield reflects the obvious differences in hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process and intensity in different tectonic zones, which is the main reason controlling the differences in deep oil and gas phases. The complex transport system composed of strike-slip fault and unconformity, etc. controlled early migration and accumulation and late adjustment of deep oil and gas, while the Middle Cambrian gypsum-salt rock in inner carbonate platform prevented vertical migration and accumulation of deep oil and gas, resulting in an obvious “fault-controlled” feature of deep oil and gas, in which the low potential area superimposed by the NE-strike-slip fault zone and deep oil and gas migration was conducive to accumulation, and it is mainly beaded along the strike-slip fault zone in the northeast direction. The dynamic simulation of reservoir formation reveals that the spatio-temporal configuration of “source-fault-fracture-gypsum-preservation” controls the differential accumulation of deep oil and gas in Tahe Oilfield. The Ordovician has experienced the accumulation history of multiple periods of charging, vertical migration and accumulation, and lateral adjustment and transformation, and deep oil and gas have always been in the dynamic equilibrium of migration, accumulation and escape. The statistics of residual oil and gas show that the deep stratum of Tahe Oilfield still has exploration and development potential in the Ordovician Yingshan Formation and Penglaiba Formation, and the Middle and Upper Cambrian ultra-deep stratum has a certain oil and gas resource prospect. This study provides a reference for the dynamic quantitative evaluation of deep oil and gas in the Tarim Basin, and also provides a reference for the study of reservoir formation and evolution in carbonate reservoir of paleo-craton basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":67426,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Exploration and Development","volume":"51 5","pages":"Pages 1217-1231"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genetic mechanism and petroleum geological significance of calcite veins in organic-rich shales of lacustrine basin: A case study of Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin, China 湖相盆地富有机质页岩中方解石脉的成因机制及其石油地质意义:中国松辽盆地白垩纪青山口地层案例研究
IF 7 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60527-1
Wenyuan HE , Ningliang SUN , Jinyou ZHANG , Jianhua ZHONG , Jianbo GAO , Pengpeng SHENG
Based on the observation and analysis of cores and thin sections, and combined with cathodoluminescence, laser Raman, fluid inclusions, and in-situ LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating, the genetic mechanism and petroleum geological significance of calcite veins in shales of the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the Songliao Basin were investigated. Macroscopically, the calcite veins are bedding parallel, and show lenticular, S-shaped, cone-in-cone and pinnate structures. Microscopically, they can be divided into syntaxial blocky or columnar calcite veins and antitaxial fibrous calcite veins. The aqueous fluid inclusions in blocky calcite veins have a homogenization temperature of 132.5–145.1 °C, the in-situ U-Pb dating age of blocky calcite veins is (69.9±5.2) Ma, suggesting that the middle maturity period of source rocks and the conventional oil formation period in the Qingshankou Formation are the sedimentary period of Mingshui Formation in Late Cretaceous. The aqueous fluid inclusions in fibrous calcite veins with the homogenization temperature of 141.2–157.4 °C, yields the U-Pb age of (44.7±6.9) Ma, indicating that the middle-high maturity period of source rocks and the Gulong shale oil formation period in the Qingshankou Formation are the sedimentary period of Paleocene Yi'an Formaiton. The syntaxial blocky or columnar calcite veins were formed sensitively to the diagenetic evolution and hydrocarbon generation, mainly in three stages (fracture opening, vein-forming fluid filling, and vein growth). Tectonic extrusion activities and fluid overpressure are induction factors for the formation of fractures, and vein-forming fluid flows mainly as diffusion in a short distance. These veins generally follow a competitive growth mode. The antitaxial fibrous calcite veins were formed under the driving of the force of crystallization in a non-competitive growth environment. It is considered that the calcite veins in organic-rich shale of the Qingshankou Formation in the study area has important implications for local tectonic activities, fluid overpressure, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, and diagenesis-hydrocarbon accumulation dating of the Songliao Basin.
在岩心和薄片观察分析的基础上,结合阴极发光、激光拉曼、流体包裹体和原位LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,研究了松辽盆地白垩系青山口组页岩中方解石脉的成因机制和石油地质意义。宏观上,方解石脉与层理平行,呈透镜状、S形、锥中锥状和羽状结构。显微镜下可分为句法块状或柱状方解石脉和反轴纤维状方解石脉。块状方解石脉中的水液包裹体均化温度为132.5-145.1 °C,块状方解石脉的原位U-Pb测年年龄为(69.9±5.2)Ma,表明青山口地层的源岩成熟中期和常规成油期为晚白垩世明水地层的沉积期。纤维状方解石脉中的水液包裹体均化温度为141.2-157.4 ℃,得到的U-Pb年龄为(44.7±6.9)Ma,表明青山口组源岩中高成熟期和古龙页岩成油期为古新世义安台地沉积期。合成块状或柱状方解石脉的形成对成岩演化和油气生成十分敏感,主要经历了三个阶段(裂缝张开、成脉流体充填、岩脉生长)。构造挤压活动和流体超压是断裂形成的诱导因素,成脉流体主要以短距离扩散方式流动。这些矿脉一般采用竞争生长模式。反轴纤维状方解石矿脉是在非竞争性生长环境的结晶力驱动下形成的。研究认为,研究区内青山口组富含有机质页岩中的方解石脉对松辽盆地的局部构造活动、流体超压、油气生成与排出以及成岩-油气聚集年代测定具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Exploration breakthrough and factors for enrichment and high-yield of hydrocarbons in ultra-deep clastic rocks in Linhe Depression, Hetao Basin, NW China 中国西北河套盆地临河凹陷超深碎屑岩富集高产油气的勘探突破与因素
IF 7 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60529-5
Xi WU, Yuanpeng SHI, Shuguang CHEN, Han WU, Jun CAI, Weining DAN, Xiheng LIU, Xiaokun WANG, Ximeng ZHANG, Jianli ZHANG
Based on drilling and logging data, as well as geological experiments, the geological characteristics and factors controlling high-yield and enrichment of hydrocarbons in ultra-deep clastic rocks in the Linhe Depression, Hetao Basin, are studied. The results are obtained in four aspects. First, the inland saline lacustrine high-quality source rocks developed in the Paleogene in the Linhe Depression have the characteristics of early maturity, early expulsion, high hydrocarbon yield, and continuous and efficient hydrocarbon generation, providing an important resource basis for the formation of ultra-high pressure and high-yield reservoirs. Second, the weak compaction, early charging, and weak cementation for pore-preserving, together with the ultra-high pressure for pore-preserving and fracture expansion to improve the permeability, leads to the development of high-quality reservoirs with medium porosity (greater than 15%) and medium permeability (up to 226×10−3 μm2) in the ultra-deep strata (deeper than 6 500 m), which represents a greatly expanded space for oil and gas exploration. Third, the Linhe Formation adjacent to the trough exhibits a low net-to-gross (NTG) and good reservoir-caprock assemblage, and it is overlaid by very thick high-quality mudstone caprock, which are conducive to the continuous and efficient hydrocarbon generation and pressurization and the formation of ultra-high pressure oil and gas reservoirs. Fourth, the most favorable targets for ultra-deep exploration are the zones adjacent to the hydrocarbon generating center of the Paleogene Linhe Formation and with good tectonic setting and structural traps, mainly including the Xinglong faulted structural zone and the Nalinhu faulted buried-hill zone. The significant breakthrough of ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in the Linhe Depression reveals the good potential of ultra-deep clastic rocks in this area, and provides valuable reference for oil and gas exploration of ultra-deep clastic rocks in other areas.
根据钻井和测井资料以及地质实验,研究了河套盆地临河凹陷超深碎屑岩中碳氢化合物高产和富集的地质特征和控制因素。研究结果主要体现在四个方面。第一,临河凹陷古近纪发育的内陆盐湖质优质源岩具有早熟、早驱、高产、连续高效生烃的特点,为超高压高产储层的形成提供了重要的资源基础。二是弱压实、早充填、弱胶结保孔隙,加上超高压保孔隙和裂缝扩张提高渗透率,在超深部地层(6 500 米以上)发育中等孔隙度(大于 15%)、中等渗透率(高达 226×10-3 μm2)的优质储层,油气勘探空间大大拓展。三是邻槽的临河地层表现出较低的净粗比(NTG)和良好的储层-盖岩组合,并被很厚的优质泥岩盖岩所覆盖,有利于油气的连续高效生压和超高压油气藏的形成。第四,最有利的超深层勘探目标是邻近古近系临河地层生烃中心、具有良好构造背景和构造圈闭的区域,主要包括兴隆断陷构造带和纳林湖断陷埋藏带。临河凹陷超深层油气勘探的重大突破,揭示了该地区超深层碎屑岩的良好潜力,为其他地区超深层碎屑岩油气勘探提供了有价值的参考。
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引用次数: 0
Tectono-sedimentary evolution and oil-gas geological significance of first to third member of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin, NW China 中国西北部鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组第一至第三系构造沉积演化及其油气地质意义
IF 7 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60535-0
Shoukang ZHONG , Xiucheng TAN , Liubin WEI , Jie XU , Qianping WANG , Ying XIONG , Chunying WU , Jiansheng DU
Based on logging, core, thin section and geochemical analysis, the tectonic-lithofacies paleogeographic pattern of first member to third member of Ordovician Majiagou Formation (O1m1–O1m3 for short) in Ordos Basin is reconstructed, and the tectono-sedimentary evolution characteristics and oil-gas geological significance are discussed. The results are obtained in four aspects. First, a set of marginal argillaceous dolomites with high gamma ray value developed steadily and diachronously at the bottom of Majiagou Formation, which distributed over the Huaiyuan Movement unconformity, with δ13C values positive drift characteristics comparable to global transgression of the Early Ordovician Floplian. Second, the global sea level rose and the ancient land was submerged into the underwater uplift in O1m1 to O1m2, and the central uplift was deposited for the first time in the Ordovician, forming a tectonic pattern of “one uplift and two depressions”. Subsequently, the subduction and extrusion outside the basin and the differentiation of uplift and depression in the basin of O1m3 resulted in the activation of the Wushenqi–Jingbian bulge. Third, the evolution of the tectonic pattern had a significant impact on the sedimentary paleoenvironment. The O1m1 overlaps westward, and saline lagoon is formed in eastern depression and influenced by the transgression. The transgression continued in O1m2 and resulted in communication with the wide sea, and the large-scale grain shoal developed around eastern depression, and the late dry shrinkage formed a small scale evaporite lagoon in upper part. Under the influence of highland sealing in O1m3, the water body gradually differentiated into dolomitic gypsum and saline lagoons to the east, and the grain shoal spread along the highs around sag. Fourth, the source rocks developed diachronously at the bottom of Majiagou Formation form a favorable source-reservoir assemblage with the shoal facies reservoir distributed around the slope of O1m2–O1m3, and they have certain exploration potential for natural gas.
基于测井、岩心、薄片和地球化学分析,重建了鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组(简称O1m1-O1m3)第一至第三段构造-岩性古地理格局,探讨了构造沉积演化特征和油气地质意义。研究结果主要体现在四个方面。第一,在马家沟组底部稳定发育了一组高伽马射线值的边缘箭状白云岩,分布在怀远运动不整合上,其δ13C值正漂移特征与早奥陶世侏罗系全球横断相近;第二,在马家沟组底部稳定发育了一组高伽马射线值的边缘箭状白云岩,分布在怀远运动不整合上,其δ13C值正漂移特征与早奥陶世侏罗系全球横断相近。其次,全球海平面上升,古陆被淹没于 O1m1~O1m2 的水下隆起中,奥陶纪中央隆起首次沉积,形成 "一隆起、两洼地 "的构造格局。随后,O1m3盆地外的俯冲挤压和盆地内的隆起、凹陷分化,导致了乌审旗-靖边隆起的活化。第三,构造格局的演变对沉积古环境产生了重要影响。O1m1向西重叠,东部坳陷形成盐湖,受横断影响。O1m2继续横断,与广阔海域沟通,东部坳陷周围发育大尺度谷滩涂,后期干缩在上部形成小尺度蒸发岩泻湖。受O1m3高地封育的影响,水体向东逐渐分化为白云质石膏湖和盐湖,粒状滩涂沿下陷周边高地扩散。第四,马家沟组底部斜长发育的源岩与分布在 O1m2-O1m3 斜坡周围的滩状面储层形成有利的源-储层组合,具有一定的天然气勘探潜力。
{"title":"Tectono-sedimentary evolution and oil-gas geological significance of first to third member of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin, NW China","authors":"Shoukang ZHONG ,&nbsp;Xiucheng TAN ,&nbsp;Liubin WEI ,&nbsp;Jie XU ,&nbsp;Qianping WANG ,&nbsp;Ying XIONG ,&nbsp;Chunying WU ,&nbsp;Jiansheng DU","doi":"10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60535-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60535-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on logging, core, thin section and geochemical analysis, the tectonic-lithofacies paleogeographic pattern of first member to third member of Ordovician Majiagou Formation (O<sub>1</sub>m<sub>1</sub>–O<sub>1</sub>m<sub>3</sub> for short) in Ordos Basin is reconstructed, and the tectono-sedimentary evolution characteristics and oil-gas geological significance are discussed. The results are obtained in four aspects. First, a set of marginal argillaceous dolomites with high gamma ray value developed steadily and diachronously at the bottom of Majiagou Formation, which distributed over the Huaiyuan Movement unconformity, with <em>δ</em><sup>13</sup>C values positive drift characteristics comparable to global transgression of the Early Ordovician Floplian. Second, the global sea level rose and the ancient land was submerged into the underwater uplift in O<sub>1</sub>m<sub>1</sub> to O<sub>1</sub>m<sub>2</sub>, and the central uplift was deposited for the first time in the Ordovician, forming a tectonic pattern of “one uplift and two depressions”. Subsequently, the subduction and extrusion outside the basin and the differentiation of uplift and depression in the basin of O<sub>1</sub>m<sub>3</sub> resulted in the activation of the Wushenqi–Jingbian bulge. Third, the evolution of the tectonic pattern had a significant impact on the sedimentary paleoenvironment. The O<sub>1</sub>m<sub>1</sub> overlaps westward, and saline lagoon is formed in eastern depression and influenced by the transgression. The transgression continued in O<sub>1</sub>m<sub>2</sub> and resulted in communication with the wide sea, and the large-scale grain shoal developed around eastern depression, and the late dry shrinkage formed a small scale evaporite lagoon in upper part. Under the influence of highland sealing in O<sub>1</sub>m<sub>3</sub>, the water body gradually differentiated into dolomitic gypsum and saline lagoons to the east, and the grain shoal spread along the highs around sag. Fourth, the source rocks developed diachronously at the bottom of Majiagou Formation form a favorable source-reservoir assemblage with the shoal facies reservoir distributed around the slope of O<sub>1</sub>m<sub>2</sub>–O<sub>1</sub>m<sub>3</sub>, and they have certain exploration potential for natural gas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":67426,"journal":{"name":"Petroleum Exploration and Development","volume":"51 5","pages":"Pages 1202-1216"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142526600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Accumulation sequence and exploration domain of continental whole petroleum system in Sichuan Basin, SW China 中国西南四川盆地大陆整体石油系统的聚集序列和勘探领域
IF 7 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60532-5
Long WEN , Benjian ZHANG , Zhimin JIN , Changjiang WU , Xiaojuan WANG , Yuchao QIU , Zijian WANG , Yong LI , Dongxia CHEN
Based on the oil and gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin, combined with data such as seismic, logging and geochemistry, the basic geological conditions, hydrocarbon types, hydrocarbon distribution characteristics, source- reservoir relationship and accumulation model of the Upper Triassic–Jurassic continental whole petroleum system in the basin are systematically analyzed. The continental whole petroleum system in the Sichuan Basin develops multiple sets of gas-bearing strata, forming a whole petroleum system centered on the Triassic Xujiahe Formation source rocks. The thick and high-quality source rocks in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation provide sufficient gas source basis for the continental whole petroleum system in the basin. The development of conventional-unconventional reservoirs provides favorable space for hydrocarbon accumulation. The coupling of faults and sandbodies provides a high-quality transport system for gas migration. Source rocks and reservoirs are overlapped vertically, and there are obvious differences in sedimentary environment, reservoir lithology and physical properties, which lead to the orderly development of inner-source shale gas, near-source tight gas, and far-source tight–conventional gas in the Upper Triassic–Jurassic, from bottom to top. The orderly change of geological conditions such as burial depth, reservoir physical properties, formation pressure and hydrocarbon generation intensity in zones controlled the formation of the whole petroleum system consisting of structural gas reservoir in thrust zone, shale gas-tight gas reservoir in depression zone, tight gas reservoir in slope zone, and tight gas–conventional gas reservoir in uplift zone on the plane. Based on the theory and concept of the whole petroleum system, the continental shale gas and tight gas resources in the Sichuan Basin have great potential, especially in the central and western parts with abundant unconventional resources.
以四川盆地油气勘探为基础,结合地震、测井、地球化学等资料,系统分析了盆地上三叠统-侏罗系大陆整体石油系统的基本地质条件、油气类型、油气分布特征、源储关系和成藏模式。四川盆地大陆整体石油系统发育多套含气地层,形成了以三叠系徐家河组源岩为中心的整体石油系统。三叠系上统徐家河组厚而优质的源岩为盆地大陆整体石油系统提供了充足的气源基础。常规-非常规储层的发育为油气聚集提供了有利空间。断层和砂体的耦合为天然气迁移提供了优质的运移系统。源岩与储层垂直重叠,沉积环境、储层岩性和物性差异明显,导致上三叠统-侏罗统内源页岩气、近源致密气、远源致密-常规气自下而上有序发育。埋藏深度、储层物性、地层压力、生烃强度等地质条件的分区有序变化,控制了平面上推力带构造气藏、凹陷带页岩气-致密气藏、斜坡带致密气藏、隆起带致密气-常规气藏等整个石油系统的形成。基于整体石油系统的理论和概念,四川盆地大陆页岩气和致密气资源潜力巨大,尤其是中西部地区非常规资源丰富。
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引用次数: 0
The law of fracture propagation and intersection in zipper fracturing of deep shale gas wells 深层页岩气井拉链压裂中的裂缝扩展与交汇规律
IF 7 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1876-3804(25)60543-X
Qiang WANG , Yufeng WANG , Yongquan HU , Jinzhou ZHAO , Yi SONG , Cheng SHEN
In response to the unclear understanding of fracture propagation and intersection interference in zipper fracturing under the factory development model of deep shale gas wells, a coupled hydro-mechanical model for zipper fracturing considering the influence of natural fracture zones was established based on the finite element – discrete element method. The reliability of the model was verified using experimental data and field monitoring pressure increase data. Taking the deep shale gas reservoir in southern Sichuan as an example, the propagation and interference laws of fracturing fractures under the influence of natural fracture zones with different characteristics were studied. The results show that the large approaching angle fracture zone has a blocking effect on the forward propagation of fracturing fractures and the intersection of inter well fractures. During pump shutdown, hydraulic fractures exhibit continued expansion behavior under net pressure driving. Under high stress difference, as the approaching angle of the fracture zone increases, the response well pressure increase and the total length of the fractured fracture show a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, and first increasing and then decreasing, respectively. Compared to small approach angle fracture zones, natural fracture zones with large approach angles require longer time and have greater difficulty to intersect. The width of fractures and the length of natural fractures are negatively and positively correlated with the response well pressure increase, respectively, and positively and negatively correlated with the time required for intersection, the total length of hydraulic fractures, and fracturing efficiency, respectively. As the displacement distance of the well increases, the probability of fracture intersection decreases, but the regularity between displacement distance and the response well pressure increase and the total length of fractures is not obvious.
针对对深层页岩气井工厂化开发模式下拉链压裂的裂缝传播和交汇干扰认识不清的问题,基于有限元-离散元方法,建立了考虑天然裂缝带影响的拉链压裂水力机械耦合模型。利用实验数据和现场监测增压数据验证了模型的可靠性。以川南深层页岩气藏为例,研究了不同特征天然断裂带影响下压裂裂缝的传播和干涉规律。结果表明,大接近角断裂带对压裂裂缝的前向传播和井间裂缝的交汇具有阻滞作用。在停泵期间,水力压裂在净压力驱动下表现出持续扩张行为。在高应力差条件下,随着压裂带接近角的增大,响应井压增量和压裂裂缝总长度分别呈现先减小后增大、先增大后减小的趋势。与小接近角断裂带相比,大接近角天然断裂带需要的时间更长,相交难度更大。裂缝宽度和天然裂缝长度分别与响应井压增加量呈负相关和正相关,分别与相交所需时间、水力压裂总长度和压裂效率呈正相关和负相关。随着油井位移距离的增大,压裂交汇概率减小,但位移距离与响应井压增大和压裂总长度之间的规律性不明显。
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引用次数: 0
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Petroleum Exploration and Development
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