Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639486
Wenxin Wu, Kevin Schnittker, J. Andrews
Printable electronics have demonstrated significant promise in enabling soft tactile sensing systems. This paper presents a fully printed and soft capacitive pressure sensor realized through a two-dimensional interdigitated capacitor. The sensor transduces applied pressures through a fringing electric field interacting with a deformable elastomer. The deformable elastomer consists of either pure polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or a layered PDMS/BaTiO3 structure. A 10 mm overlaid layered structure is created by depositing six alternating layers of a Barium Titanate-PDMS mixture and pure PDMS, followed by a 4 mm PDMS layer on the printed electrode. Multiple tests using standardized pressure and capacitance measurements have been performed to measure and compare the sensitivity between pure PDMS and PDMS/BaTiO3 layered configuration. The capacitive response shows that the layered PDMS/BaTiO3 device enhances the sensitivity for pressures less than 1 kPa by approximately 10x. This work demonstrates the potential of a printed electronic sensor in measuring small-scale pressure variation using inexpensive and simple fabrication methods.
{"title":"Printed Capacitive Pressure Sensor with Enhanced Sensitivity through a Layered PDMS/BaTiO3 Structure","authors":"Wenxin Wu, Kevin Schnittker, J. Andrews","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639486","url":null,"abstract":"Printable electronics have demonstrated significant promise in enabling soft tactile sensing systems. This paper presents a fully printed and soft capacitive pressure sensor realized through a two-dimensional interdigitated capacitor. The sensor transduces applied pressures through a fringing electric field interacting with a deformable elastomer. The deformable elastomer consists of either pure polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or a layered PDMS/BaTiO3 structure. A 10 mm overlaid layered structure is created by depositing six alternating layers of a Barium Titanate-PDMS mixture and pure PDMS, followed by a 4 mm PDMS layer on the printed electrode. Multiple tests using standardized pressure and capacitance measurements have been performed to measure and compare the sensitivity between pure PDMS and PDMS/BaTiO3 layered configuration. The capacitive response shows that the layered PDMS/BaTiO3 device enhances the sensitivity for pressures less than 1 kPa by approximately 10x. This work demonstrates the potential of a printed electronic sensor in measuring small-scale pressure variation using inexpensive and simple fabrication methods.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90143353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639796
Riadh A. Kadhim, Al-Hemeary Nawar, Jiang Wu
The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of the refractive index (RI) sensor based on a Multiple D-shaped Au/Fe3O4 Nanowire is presented in this paper. This designed sensor uses magnetite (Fe3O4) as the sensing layer, coated on the multiple D-shaped gold nanowires (AuNWs) to stimulate the plasmon mode. The key sensing mechanism is the interaction between the fundamental fiber guided mode and plasmonic modes of optical fibers, which results in the formation of various resonance peaks depending on the analyte RI. Finite-Element Method (FEM) based COMSOL Multiphysicsis employed to analyze the surface plasmon properties. By optimizing the performance key parameters of the proposed sensor, the radius of the AuNW and the thickness of the magnetite sensing layer on sensor sensitivity (S) are optimized. Simulation results indicate enhanced sensitivity at 8.5µm/RIU. The resolution is 1.17 ×10−6 RIU in the sensing RI range of 1.33 -1.39. The results indicated that the proposed plasmonic sensor-based multiple D-shaped AuNWs with Fe3O4 nanomaterials structure has potential biosensor applications.
{"title":"Plasmonic Refractive Index Sensor Based on a Multiple D-shaped Au/Fe3O4 Nanowire","authors":"Riadh A. Kadhim, Al-Hemeary Nawar, Jiang Wu","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639796","url":null,"abstract":"The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of the refractive index (RI) sensor based on a Multiple D-shaped Au/Fe3O4 Nanowire is presented in this paper. This designed sensor uses magnetite (Fe3O4) as the sensing layer, coated on the multiple D-shaped gold nanowires (AuNWs) to stimulate the plasmon mode. The key sensing mechanism is the interaction between the fundamental fiber guided mode and plasmonic modes of optical fibers, which results in the formation of various resonance peaks depending on the analyte RI. Finite-Element Method (FEM) based COMSOL Multiphysicsis employed to analyze the surface plasmon properties. By optimizing the performance key parameters of the proposed sensor, the radius of the AuNW and the thickness of the magnetite sensing layer on sensor sensitivity (S) are optimized. Simulation results indicate enhanced sensitivity at 8.5µm/RIU. The resolution is 1.17 ×10−6 RIU in the sensing RI range of 1.33 -1.39. The results indicated that the proposed plasmonic sensor-based multiple D-shaped AuNWs with Fe3O4 nanomaterials structure has potential biosensor applications.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"510 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85640352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639600
Saikat Banerjee, Mathew L. Nguyen, G. Slaughter
A glucose biofuel cell on a flexible bacterial nanocellulose film was prepared. The bioelectrodes were printed using gold ink as the conductive material. The anode was modified with colloidal platinum for the oxidation of glucose. The cathode was modified with a nanocomposite comprising gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver oxide (Ag2O) nanoparticles. The cathode was characterized via cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and UV spectroscopy techniques. The assembled biofuel cell generated a maximum open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.485 V, short circuit current (Isc) of 0.352 mA/cm2, and a maximum peak power density (Pmax) of 0.032 mW/cm2 when operating in 30 mM concentration. This system showed a stable and linear performance with a linear range of 1 mM to 30 mM glucose. The gold printed electrode process is applicable to the development of wearable and implantable abiotic biofuel cell.
{"title":"Gold and silver oxide conducting nanocomposite cathode for glucose biofuel cell","authors":"Saikat Banerjee, Mathew L. Nguyen, G. Slaughter","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639600","url":null,"abstract":"A glucose biofuel cell on a flexible bacterial nanocellulose film was prepared. The bioelectrodes were printed using gold ink as the conductive material. The anode was modified with colloidal platinum for the oxidation of glucose. The cathode was modified with a nanocomposite comprising gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver oxide (Ag2O) nanoparticles. The cathode was characterized via cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and UV spectroscopy techniques. The assembled biofuel cell generated a maximum open circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.485 V, short circuit current (Isc) of 0.352 mA/cm2, and a maximum peak power density (Pmax) of 0.032 mW/cm2 when operating in 30 mM concentration. This system showed a stable and linear performance with a linear range of 1 mM to 30 mM glucose. The gold printed electrode process is applicable to the development of wearable and implantable abiotic biofuel cell.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"92 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91051381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study demonstrates the piezoelectric MEMS microphone (Fig. 1a) with cantilever diaphragms and partially removed PZT (piezoelectric layer) to increase the bandwidth (BW) without sacrificing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The proposed design in Fig. 1a has two major merits: (1) the figure of merit of SNR×BW is presented to evaluate the performance of microphone design, (2) based on the figure of merit, the PZT and top electrode layers are partially removed to achieve a better BW without sacrificing the SNR; and two minor merits: (1) to pattern the bottom electrode to reduce stress-induced diaphragm bending to lower the acoustic short circuit; (2) apply DC bias on PZT layer to further reduce diaphragm bending. Measurements demonstrate the SNR at 1kHz up to 77.2 dB with bandwidth up to 10kHz for proposed design, and the comparison with reference designs are summarized in Table 2. Moreover, the proposed design has a 3 dB sensitivity enhancement after applying 10 V bias on PZT.
{"title":"On The Performance Enhancement of Cantilever Diaphragm Piezoelectric Microphone","authors":"Shao-Da Wang, Yu-Chen Chen, Sung-Cheng Lo, Yi-Jia Wang, Mingching Wu, W. Fang","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639769","url":null,"abstract":"This study demonstrates the piezoelectric MEMS microphone (Fig. 1a) with cantilever diaphragms and partially removed PZT (piezoelectric layer) to increase the bandwidth (BW) without sacrificing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The proposed design in Fig. 1a has two major merits: (1) the figure of merit of SNR×BW is presented to evaluate the performance of microphone design, (2) based on the figure of merit, the PZT and top electrode layers are partially removed to achieve a better BW without sacrificing the SNR; and two minor merits: (1) to pattern the bottom electrode to reduce stress-induced diaphragm bending to lower the acoustic short circuit; (2) apply DC bias on PZT layer to further reduce diaphragm bending. Measurements demonstrate the SNR at 1kHz up to 77.2 dB with bandwidth up to 10kHz for proposed design, and the comparison with reference designs are summarized in Table 2. Moreover, the proposed design has a 3 dB sensitivity enhancement after applying 10 V bias on PZT.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"113 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91106955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639843
Hang Zhao, G. Wei, Chunhua Hu, Qian Liu
Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) has been promoted and many methods have been developed so far, which lead the online identification of loads into the focused research point. This paper proposes an online identification system framework of NILM based on multi-threaded Cumulative Summation-Multilayer Perceptron (CUSUM-MLP) event detection and identification algorithm. It contains a main thread and six sub-threads, and a combination of signal and slot mechanisms to accomplish the online recognition task. Data reception, data packetization and feature extraction are designed to be fulfilled in the main thread. Real-time data presentation, data storage, feature storage and real-time images are performed in four sub-threads. Aiming for the online mode, a sub-thread to update the data is designed. The CUSUM-MLP algorithm is packed as a sub-thread for event detection and load identification. Based on the proposed multi-threaded mechanism embedded with the CUSUM-MLP algorithm, the NILM online recognition system is verified through experiments, and shows high accuracy, good robustness and real-time performance.
{"title":"Research on online non-intrusive load identification system based on multi-threaded CUSUM-MLP algorithm","authors":"Hang Zhao, G. Wei, Chunhua Hu, Qian Liu","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639843","url":null,"abstract":"Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) has been promoted and many methods have been developed so far, which lead the online identification of loads into the focused research point. This paper proposes an online identification system framework of NILM based on multi-threaded Cumulative Summation-Multilayer Perceptron (CUSUM-MLP) event detection and identification algorithm. It contains a main thread and six sub-threads, and a combination of signal and slot mechanisms to accomplish the online recognition task. Data reception, data packetization and feature extraction are designed to be fulfilled in the main thread. Real-time data presentation, data storage, feature storage and real-time images are performed in four sub-threads. Aiming for the online mode, a sub-thread to update the data is designed. The CUSUM-MLP algorithm is packed as a sub-thread for event detection and load identification. Based on the proposed multi-threaded mechanism embedded with the CUSUM-MLP algorithm, the NILM online recognition system is verified through experiments, and shows high accuracy, good robustness and real-time performance.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73352299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639719
Yitao Liang, Bin Zhang, Zexin Xue, X. Ye, B. Liang
Alterations of global DNA methylation levels have been depicted as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for cancer progression. There exists an urgent need for detection of genomic DNA methylation. In this paper, we suggested an assay for selective quantifying of global DNA methylation, which incorporates immunorecognition and enrichment of methylated DNA by magnetic beads modified with methylation specific antibody (5-mC). Subsequently, the captured DNA was labeled with glucose oxidase-conjugated DNA antibody which serves for electrochemical enzymatic amplification to determine the global methylation. We believe this work offers a promising option to detect DNA methylation in both academic and clinical settings.
{"title":"An electrochemical immunosensor for global DNA methylation determination using magnetic bead-based enrichment and enzymatic amplification","authors":"Yitao Liang, Bin Zhang, Zexin Xue, X. Ye, B. Liang","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639719","url":null,"abstract":"Alterations of global DNA methylation levels have been depicted as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for cancer progression. There exists an urgent need for detection of genomic DNA methylation. In this paper, we suggested an assay for selective quantifying of global DNA methylation, which incorporates immunorecognition and enrichment of methylated DNA by magnetic beads modified with methylation specific antibody (5-mC). Subsequently, the captured DNA was labeled with glucose oxidase-conjugated DNA antibody which serves for electrochemical enzymatic amplification to determine the global methylation. We believe this work offers a promising option to detect DNA methylation in both academic and clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73671227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639695
K. Tsukamoto, A. Ebisui, T. Goto, Yoshiaki Sakakura, Ken Kobayashi, Satoshi Sato, T. Kamei, Yutaka Imai, K. Nomoto
Tactile sensing is essential for intelligent robot control such as for dexterous manipulation tasks. To provide reliable sensors that can withstand industrial applications, we have developed a soft and thin-film tactile sensor capable of detecting tri-axis force components including normal and shear forces. The thickness of the sensor is 5.5 mm, and the sensor can be easily attached on an end-effector. Two layers of capacitive-sensing-electrode arrays sandwiching an elastomer layer of 2-mm spatial resolution are embedded in soft material, and output signals are distributed. To measure the external force vector, center-of-distributed-signal calculation was conducted. Our sensor exhibited linear behavior within 0.1 to 10 N for normal force and 0.1 to 4 N for shear force. With high reliability, sensor sensitivity did not change over ±10.0% even after one million repetitive keystroke cycles and one million repetitive shear-movement cycles. To determine the sensor’s effectiveness for manipulation tasks, a grasping-force control experiment was conducted using sensor signal feedback, and multiple local-shear-force vectors were successfully calculated using area-divided methods.
{"title":"Soft-Material-Based Highly Reliable Tri-Axis Tactile Thin-Film Sensors for Robotic Manipulation Tasks","authors":"K. Tsukamoto, A. Ebisui, T. Goto, Yoshiaki Sakakura, Ken Kobayashi, Satoshi Sato, T. Kamei, Yutaka Imai, K. Nomoto","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639695","url":null,"abstract":"Tactile sensing is essential for intelligent robot control such as for dexterous manipulation tasks. To provide reliable sensors that can withstand industrial applications, we have developed a soft and thin-film tactile sensor capable of detecting tri-axis force components including normal and shear forces. The thickness of the sensor is 5.5 mm, and the sensor can be easily attached on an end-effector. Two layers of capacitive-sensing-electrode arrays sandwiching an elastomer layer of 2-mm spatial resolution are embedded in soft material, and output signals are distributed. To measure the external force vector, center-of-distributed-signal calculation was conducted. Our sensor exhibited linear behavior within 0.1 to 10 N for normal force and 0.1 to 4 N for shear force. With high reliability, sensor sensitivity did not change over ±10.0% even after one million repetitive keystroke cycles and one million repetitive shear-movement cycles. To determine the sensor’s effectiveness for manipulation tasks, a grasping-force control experiment was conducted using sensor signal feedback, and multiple local-shear-force vectors were successfully calculated using area-divided methods.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73415794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639237
F. Foncellino, L. Barretta, E. Massera, A. Corigliano
We present a thin film circular diaphragm for the implementation of micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) resonant mass sensors for detecting particles (e.g., PM10) in air. A piezoelectric resonating membrane with frequency of about 100kHz is used as high precision microbalance operated in flexural mode. The natural frequency shift is proportional to the extra mass added on its surface and can be related to the particle concentration in the sampled air-volume. The vibrational spectrum is recorded by means of a vibrometer and the mass sensitivity is then evaluated by measuring the frequency shift adding extra mass of calibrated PM5 particles (Silica beads) on the membrane surface. The feasibility study has experimentally showed real-time detection performance to standard silica micro-spheres. The sensor is promising in applications of personal portable air pollution monitoring and analysis.
{"title":"Piezoelectric Mems for Microparticles Detection","authors":"F. Foncellino, L. Barretta, E. Massera, A. Corigliano","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639237","url":null,"abstract":"We present a thin film circular diaphragm for the implementation of micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) resonant mass sensors for detecting particles (e.g., PM10) in air. A piezoelectric resonating membrane with frequency of about 100kHz is used as high precision microbalance operated in flexural mode. The natural frequency shift is proportional to the extra mass added on its surface and can be related to the particle concentration in the sampled air-volume. The vibrational spectrum is recorded by means of a vibrometer and the mass sensitivity is then evaluated by measuring the frequency shift adding extra mass of calibrated PM5 particles (Silica beads) on the membrane surface. The feasibility study has experimentally showed real-time detection performance to standard silica micro-spheres. The sensor is promising in applications of personal portable air pollution monitoring and analysis.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76988082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639704
Shibam Debbarma, S. Bhadra
Electroencaphalography (EEG) is one of the vital signs monitored during sleep study for patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea disorder (OSA). OSA is a condition where patients suffer from irregular sleep patterns due to difficulty in breathing. A possible treatment of OSA is use of mandibular advancement devices (MADs). In this manuscript, we present a smart MAD that can monitor intraoral EEG signal. The device acquires intra-oral EEG signal from the mouth-roof. So far very limited research is done in the area of intra-oral EEG monitoring. The proposed smart MAD consists of a MAD, three flexible gold EEG electrodes and an EEG measurement system implemented on a flexible polymide substrate. The measurement system is battery operated and sends EEG data wirelessly using a BLE 5.0 transceiver. The system is validated by acquiring intra-oral EEG signal for "eye-open" and "eye-close" activities of five volunteers. The frequency domain analysis of the intra-oral EEG signal clearly shows that "eye-open" and "eye-close" activities can be detected from the data. In future, this smart MAD will be used to acquire intra-oral EEG data during sleep for OSA patients and determine sleep stages.
{"title":"A Smart Mandibular Device for Intra-oral Electroencephalogram Monitoring","authors":"Shibam Debbarma, S. Bhadra","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639704","url":null,"abstract":"Electroencaphalography (EEG) is one of the vital signs monitored during sleep study for patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea disorder (OSA). OSA is a condition where patients suffer from irregular sleep patterns due to difficulty in breathing. A possible treatment of OSA is use of mandibular advancement devices (MADs). In this manuscript, we present a smart MAD that can monitor intraoral EEG signal. The device acquires intra-oral EEG signal from the mouth-roof. So far very limited research is done in the area of intra-oral EEG monitoring. The proposed smart MAD consists of a MAD, three flexible gold EEG electrodes and an EEG measurement system implemented on a flexible polymide substrate. The measurement system is battery operated and sends EEG data wirelessly using a BLE 5.0 transceiver. The system is validated by acquiring intra-oral EEG signal for \"eye-open\" and \"eye-close\" activities of five volunteers. The frequency domain analysis of the intra-oral EEG signal clearly shows that \"eye-open\" and \"eye-close\" activities can be detected from the data. In future, this smart MAD will be used to acquire intra-oral EEG data during sleep for OSA patients and determine sleep stages.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"49 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76382366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639764
L. P. Magagula, N. Moloto, S. Gqoba, P. Kooyman, T. Motaung, E. Linganiso
Water contamination has become more severe as modern industrial technology has progressed over the years. Among water contaminants are heavy metal ions such as Fe3+, which is commonly used in industries such as mining, chemical processing, and battery manufacturing. Fe3+ is the principal contaminant of concern in acid mine drainage from coal mines, causing siderosis and organ damage. The current study prepared highly photoluminescent nitrogen-doped functionalized carbon spheres (N-CSs) from corncob residue using a facile, green, and low-cost microwave synthesis. The as-prepared N-CSs exhibited an excitation-dependent fluorescence with a maximum emission and excitation at 420 and 340 nm, respectively and showed good selectivity and sensitivity towards the detection of Fe3+ with a 70 nM limit of detection.
{"title":"Synthesis of fluorescent nitrogen-doped carbon spheres from corncob residue for the detection of Fe (III) in aqueous solutions","authors":"L. P. Magagula, N. Moloto, S. Gqoba, P. Kooyman, T. Motaung, E. Linganiso","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639764","url":null,"abstract":"Water contamination has become more severe as modern industrial technology has progressed over the years. Among water contaminants are heavy metal ions such as Fe3+, which is commonly used in industries such as mining, chemical processing, and battery manufacturing. Fe3+ is the principal contaminant of concern in acid mine drainage from coal mines, causing siderosis and organ damage. The current study prepared highly photoluminescent nitrogen-doped functionalized carbon spheres (N-CSs) from corncob residue using a facile, green, and low-cost microwave synthesis. The as-prepared N-CSs exhibited an excitation-dependent fluorescence with a maximum emission and excitation at 420 and 340 nm, respectively and showed good selectivity and sensitivity towards the detection of Fe3+ with a 70 nM limit of detection.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"70 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77081706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：