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2021 IEEE Sensors最新文献

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Dynamic thermoregulatory photonic crystal fabric for personal thermal management 用于个人热管理的动态热调节光子晶体织物
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639828
Mohamed Boutghatin, Y. Pennec, S. Assaf, Michèle Carette, V. Thomy, A. Akjouj, B. Djafari-Rouhani
Personal thermal management represents a new paradigm to reduce the energy consumption, which consists in controlling the temperature around the human body rather than regulating the temperature of the entire residential space. Recent progress in smart textile showed promising radiative heating and cooling performance. However, propositions for double functional textiles, namely cooling and heating, are still limited. We present here a theoretical study of a dynamic thermoregulatory fabric (DTF) able to regulate the human body temperature by adapting its geometry. The DTF is a 2D photonic crystal constituted of an ultra-thin metallic film sandwiched between two temperature-sensitive polymer membranes. The stacked geometry is drilled with air holes according to a triangular array. We demonstrate that the DTF is able to maintain the thermal comfort over a wide range of room’s temperature by dynamically controlling the mid infrared (MIR) radiations of the human body.
个人热管理代表了一种减少能源消耗的新模式,它包括控制人体周围的温度,而不是调节整个住宅空间的温度。近年来,智能纺织品在辐射加热和冷却性能方面取得了可喜的进展。然而,对于双功能纺织品,即冷却和加热的建议仍然有限。我们在这里提出了一种动态热调节织物(DTF)的理论研究,该织物能够通过调整其几何形状来调节人体温度。DTF是一种二维光子晶体,由夹在两个温度敏感聚合物膜之间的超薄金属薄膜组成。根据三角形阵列,在堆叠的几何体上钻有气孔。我们证明了DTF能够通过动态控制人体的中红外(MIR)辐射在很大的房间温度范围内保持热舒适。
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引用次数: 0
Narrowing of bandgap with silver doping on TiO2 nanotubes arrays for electrochemical sensing application 用银掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列缩小带隙的电化学传感应用
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639462
Sarda Sharma, P. N. Siddhartha, Karumbaiah N. Chappanda
Although one-dimensional anodic TiO2 nanotube arrays (TNTs) have attracted considerable attention in various fields due to their remarkable functionalities, their poor electrical conductivity limits their practical applications. Here, we present a simple approach of electrochemical silver doping of TNTs electrodes that significantly improves electronic conductivity and electrocatalytic performance towards electrochemical sensing. Glucose was chosen as an analyte to investigate the electrocatalytic sensing properties of Ag doped TNTs, and various analysis such as cyclic voltammetry, sensitivity, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were performed using a three-electrode system. The Ag doped TNTs showed nearly 50 times higher sensitivity (from 0.4 µA mM-1 cm-2 to 21 µA mM-1 cm-2), lesser detection limit (from 0.52 mM to 0.07 mM), less charge transfer resistance (from 3.63 Ω to 2.35 Ω), and reduced bandgap (from 3.2 eV to 3 eV) as compared to plain TNTs. The enhanced response of Ag doped sensors was attributed to the reduced bandgap that induced defect states and increased electron transfer rate required for oxidation of glucose. Perspective wise, the synthesis of Ag doped TNTs through a single electrochemical anodization step can be a faster and a promising technique that is highly desirable for enhancing the performances of nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors.
虽然一维阳极TiO2纳米管阵列(TNTs)由于其卓越的功能在各个领域引起了广泛的关注,但其导电性差限制了其实际应用。在这里,我们提出了一种简单的电化学银掺杂tnt电极的方法,该方法显着提高了电化学传感的电子导电性和电催化性能。选择葡萄糖作为分析物来研究Ag掺杂tnt的电催化传感性能,并使用三电极系统进行循环伏安法、灵敏度、计时安培法和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)等各种分析。Ag掺杂的tnt具有近50倍的灵敏度(从0.4µA mM-1 cm-2到21µA mM-1 cm-2),更小的检测限(从0.52 mM到0.07 mM),更小的电荷转移电阻(从3.63 Ω到2.35 Ω)和更小的带隙(从3.2 eV到3 eV)。Ag掺杂传感器的响应增强归因于诱导缺陷态的带隙减小和葡萄糖氧化所需的电子转移速率增加。从明智的角度来看,通过单一电化学阳极氧化步骤合成Ag掺杂的tnt可能是一种更快且有前途的技术,对于增强基于纳米材料的电化学传感器的性能是非常理想的。
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引用次数: 0
External Load-Based Sensing of Electrical Current Degradation in Industrial Robots 基于外负载的工业机器人电流退化传感
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639250
Vinh Nguyen, J. Marvel
Industrial robotic arms are used extensively in sectors including manufacturing, healthcare, and infrastructure. Electrical current sensors located in the joints of industrial robots are critical for maintaining safe and optimal performance. However, the current sensors are subject to inaccuracies resulting from performance degradation, which results in safety hazards and sub-optimal performance. Thus, this research describes, develops, and experimentally validates an external load-based sensing system and methodology to detect unacceptable drift of current sensors in industrial robots. The initial states of the current sensors are recorded using low-cost load cells mounted on each joint of a UR10 robot. Thus, subsequent current sensor measurements can be compared to the initial state to determine statistically significant current degradation. This paper demonstrates the load-based sensing system is subject to less variability compared to current sensor verification under free loading conditions, and further analysis shows the load cells can be selectively mounted onto specific joints. In addition, a case study shows that the external load-based system can robustly detect simulated current sensor degradation. Thus, this sensing system is an efficient, robust, and cost-effective method towards detecting electrical current degradation in industrial robots.
工业机械臂广泛应用于制造业、医疗保健和基础设施等领域。安装在工业机器人关节中的电流传感器对于保持机器人的安全和最佳性能至关重要。然而,目前的传感器由于性能下降而存在不准确性,从而导致安全隐患和次优性能。因此,本研究描述、开发并实验验证了一种基于外部负载的传感系统和方法,用于检测工业机器人中电流传感器的不可接受漂移。当前传感器的初始状态是使用安装在UR10机器人每个关节上的低成本测压元件记录的。因此,可以将随后的电流传感器测量值与初始状态进行比较,以确定统计上显着的电流退化。本文表明,与目前在自由载荷条件下的传感器验证相比,基于载荷的传感系统的可变性更小,进一步的分析表明,传感器可以选择性地安装在特定的关节上。此外,实例研究表明,基于外部负载的系统可以鲁棒地检测模拟电流传感器的退化。因此,该传感系统是一种高效、稳健、经济的方法,用于检测工业机器人的电流退化。
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引用次数: 0
Pressure Sensor with Novel Electrical Circuit Utilizing Bipolar Junction Transistor 基于双极结晶体管的新型电路压力传感器
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639504
M. Basov
High sensitivity MEMS pressure sensor chip for different ranges (1 to 60 kPa) utilizing the novel electrical circuit of piezosensitive differential amplifier with negative feedback loop (PDA-NFL) is developed. Pressure sensor chip PDA-NFL utilizes two bipolar-junction transistors (BJT) with vertical n-p-n type structure (V-NPN) and eight piezoresistors (p-type). Both theoretical model of sensor response to pressure and temperature and experimental data are presented. Data confirms the applicability of theoretical model. Introduction of the amplifier allows for decreasing chip size while keeping the same sensitivity as a chip with classic Wheatstone bridge circuit.
利用负反馈回路压敏差分放大器(PDA-NFL)的新型电路,研制了适用于1 ~ 60kpa范围的高灵敏度MEMS压力传感器芯片。压力传感器芯片PDA-NFL采用两个垂直n-p-n型结构的双极结晶体管(BJT)和8个压阻(p型)。给出了传感器对压力和温度响应的理论模型和实验数据。数据证实了理论模型的适用性。放大器的引入允许减小芯片尺寸,同时保持与经典惠斯通电桥电路芯片相同的灵敏度。
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引用次数: 6
Fluid Independent Thermal Flow Sensor using Constant-Temperature Anemometry and the 3ω-Method 采用恒温风速法和3ω-法的流体独立热流传感器
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639541
R. Bernhardsgrütter, C. Hepp, K. Schmitt, J. Wöllenstein
A new method for the implementation of a fluid-independent thermal flowmeter is presented, combining the 3ω-method and constant temperature anemometry. It is shown that a single calibration with a reference fluid (water in this case) leads to a high accuracy (< 4%). The measurement method was verified for water, isopropanol, and an isopropanol-water mixture. The deviation between measured flow rate value and reference flow rate value is less than 4% with respect to the full scale value. The findings may play a key role for next generation thermal flow meters.
提出了一种将3ω法与恒温风速法相结合的非流体热流量计的实现方法。结果表明,使用参考流体(在本例中为水)进行一次校准可获得很高的精度(< 4%)。对水、异丙醇和异丙醇-水混合物的测定方法进行了验证。测量流量值与参考流量值相对于满量程值的偏差小于4%。这一发现可能对下一代热流量计起到关键作用。
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引用次数: 1
Multifunctional stretchable sensor for detecting flow, strain and temperature 多功能可拉伸传感器,用于检测流量,应变和温度
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639652
Shiqiang Liu, Yuzhong Zhang, Ronglin Zhu
Epidermal stimuli induced by human physiology and human motion, such as skin surface flow, mechanical strain, and temperature, provide valuable information for health and physiological monitoring. Here, we propose a multifunctional stretchable sensor based on thermosensation, enabling multi-sensations of flow, strain and temperature. We develop a simple and low-cost ink printing technique using homemade Ag-Ecoflex composite ink to fabricate thermosensitive ribbons on Ecoflex substrate to form the stretchable sensor. Low cross-coupling among multiple sensations is implemented by using scheme of concentric annular thermosensitive ribbons, constant temperature difference (CTD) circuit and adaptive filter. The stretchable sensor possesses merits of high integration, simple fabrication and low cost. The sensor has promising potentials in applications of wearable healthcare and human motion monitoring.
由人体生理和人体运动引起的表皮刺激,如皮肤表面流动、机械应变和温度,为健康和生理监测提供了有价值的信息。在这里,我们提出了一种基于热感觉的多功能可拉伸传感器,实现了流量、应变和温度的多重感觉。我们开发了一种简单、低成本的油墨印刷技术,使用自制的Ag-Ecoflex复合油墨在Ecoflex基板上制造热敏带,形成可拉伸传感器。采用同心环形热敏带、恒温差分(CTD)电路和自适应滤波器实现了多感之间的低交叉耦合。该可拉伸传感器具有集成度高、制作简单、成本低等优点。该传感器在可穿戴医疗保健和人体运动监测等领域具有广阔的应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
An Ultra-low Power Voice Interface Design for MEMS Microphones Sensor MEMS传声器传感器超低功耗语音接口设计
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639861
C. Chung, Chih-Cheng Lu, Wei-Shu Rih, Ching-Feng Lee, Cheng-Ming Shih, Yu-Li Yeh
This paper develops an ultra-low power single-chip voice interface consisting of a programmable gain amplifier (PGA) and 12-bit asynchronous successive-approximation register analog-to-digital converter for MEMS microphone sensor. The PGA’s current can be scaled down from 100uA to 10uA and the measured SNR in 94dBSPL(14mV) is 74dB and 67dB, respectively. It can also set a programmable gain of 40/34/31/28dB for specific demands of microphone. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is measured at different output amplitudes, the design exhibits lower than 0.25% THD+N with 94 dBSPL(14mV) at 1kHz. The SAR ADC operates with an 8-kHz sampling rate and consumes only 400nW from a 1.2V VDD. The measured signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) is 67.46 dB and spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) is 87.97 dB. Its sampling rate can be easily scaled from 1M-S/s to 1S/s with a linear power scaling feature. The proposed circuit realized in 180nm CMOS process demonstrates a successful voice data processing (speech/voice recognition, presentation) with the MEMS sensor and an off-chip platform.
本文开发了一种用于MEMS麦克风传感器的超低功耗单片语音接口,该接口由可编程增益放大器(PGA)和12位异步逐次逼近寄存器模数转换器组成。PGA的电流可以从100uA缩小到10uA,在94dBSPL(14mV)下测量的信噪比分别为74dB和67dB。它还可以设置40/34/31/28dB的可编程增益,以满足麦克风的特定需求。在不同的输出幅度下测量了总谐波失真(THD),该设计在1kHz时表现出低于0.25%的THD+N,为94 dBSPL(14mV)。SAR ADC以8 khz采样率工作,1.2V VDD功耗仅为400nW。测量的信噪比和失真比(SNDR)为67.46 dB,无杂散动态范围(SFDR)为87.97 dB。它的采样率可以很容易地从1M-S/s缩放到1S/s,具有线性功率缩放功能。该电路在180nm CMOS工艺中实现,在MEMS传感器和片外平台上成功实现了语音数据处理(语音/语音识别,演示)。
{"title":"An Ultra-low Power Voice Interface Design for MEMS Microphones Sensor","authors":"C. Chung, Chih-Cheng Lu, Wei-Shu Rih, Ching-Feng Lee, Cheng-Ming Shih, Yu-Li Yeh","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639861","url":null,"abstract":"This paper develops an ultra-low power single-chip voice interface consisting of a programmable gain amplifier (PGA) and 12-bit asynchronous successive-approximation register analog-to-digital converter for MEMS microphone sensor. The PGA’s current can be scaled down from 100uA to 10uA and the measured SNR in 94dBSPL(14mV) is 74dB and 67dB, respectively. It can also set a programmable gain of 40/34/31/28dB for specific demands of microphone. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is measured at different output amplitudes, the design exhibits lower than 0.25% THD+N with 94 dBSPL(14mV) at 1kHz. The SAR ADC operates with an 8-kHz sampling rate and consumes only 400nW from a 1.2V VDD. The measured signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) is 67.46 dB and spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) is 87.97 dB. Its sampling rate can be easily scaled from 1M-S/s to 1S/s with a linear power scaling feature. The proposed circuit realized in 180nm CMOS process demonstrates a successful voice data processing (speech/voice recognition, presentation) with the MEMS sensor and an off-chip platform.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"356 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80131019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Single-Probe Heat-Pulse Microsensor for Water Transportation Measurement in Plant Shoots 单探针热脉冲微传感器在植物芽部水分输送测量中的应用
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639837
Fumiya Ino, Wataru Kameda, K. Terao, H. Takao, F. Shimokawa
To increase the productivity of agricultural crops, a growth method based on the physiological information of plants is required. In recent years, there is an increased demand for methods of minimally invasively measuring physiological information from plants. In this study, we propose a novel single-probe heat-pulse microsensor for minimally invasive measurement of water transportation (sap flow velocity) in plant shoots based on the fundamental conduction–convection principles of heat transport. The proposed sensor comprises a resistance temperature detector and a filament heater on a probe. We verified the performance of the sensor using thermal analysis and fabricated a sensor using microelectromechanical system technology. Finally, we demonstrated the feasibility of minimally invasive measurement of water transportation (measurement range: approximately 0–4 mm/s) in plant shoots.
为了提高农作物的生产力,需要一种基于植物生理信息的生长方法。近年来,对植物生理信息的微创测量方法的需求不断增加。在这项研究中,我们提出了一种新型的单探头热脉冲微传感器,用于基于热传输的基本传导-对流原理的植物芽中水传输(液流速度)的微创测量。所提出的传感器包括电阻温度检测器和探头上的灯丝加热器。我们利用热分析验证了传感器的性能,并利用微机电系统技术制作了传感器。最后,我们论证了植物枝条中水分输送的微创测量(测量范围:大约0-4 mm/s)的可行性。
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引用次数: 0
From 0.18µm to 28nm CMOS Down-scaling for Data Links in Body Dust Applications 从0.18µm到28nm CMOS降尺度的数据链路在车身粉尘应用
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639639
Gian Luca Barbruni, S. Carrara, P. Ros, D. Demarchi
In this work, we study the effect of transistor downscaling in a wireless communication circuit for Body Dust application. The system requires a chip lateral size smaller than 10 µm miming the typical size of a red blood cell and so, supporting free circulation in human tissues. Moreover, an ultralow-power architecture is needed since the system is battery-less and wirelessly powered via acoustic power transfer. The aim of this paper is to present a data communication system for Body Dust systems, which works from the multiplexed sensor read-out front-end to the transmitter back-end taking account diagnostic information on different metabolite concentrations in human body. This work shows that scaling the architecture from a 0.18-µm to 28-nm CMOS processes, it is possible to improve both size and power consumption. The improvement is about 40 times in size (2000 µm2 down to 50 µm2) and two order of magnitude in average power consumption (10 µW to cents of nW).
在本工作中,我们研究了晶体管降阶对人体粉尘应用的无线通信电路的影响。该系统要求芯片的横向尺寸小于10微米,与红细胞的典型尺寸相匹配,从而支持人体组织的自由循环。此外,由于该系统无需电池,并通过声能量传输无线供电,因此需要超低功耗架构。本文的目的是为人体粉尘系统提供一种考虑人体不同代谢物浓度诊断信息的从多路传感器读出前端到发射机后端的数据通信系统。这项工作表明,将架构从0.18微米扩展到28纳米CMOS工艺,可以改善尺寸和功耗。尺寸提高了约40倍(从2000µm2降至50µm2),平均功耗降低了两个数量级(从10µW降至几美分nW)。
{"title":"From 0.18µm to 28nm CMOS Down-scaling for Data Links in Body Dust Applications","authors":"Gian Luca Barbruni, S. Carrara, P. Ros, D. Demarchi","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639639","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we study the effect of transistor downscaling in a wireless communication circuit for Body Dust application. The system requires a chip lateral size smaller than 10 µm miming the typical size of a red blood cell and so, supporting free circulation in human tissues. Moreover, an ultralow-power architecture is needed since the system is battery-less and wirelessly powered via acoustic power transfer. The aim of this paper is to present a data communication system for Body Dust systems, which works from the multiplexed sensor read-out front-end to the transmitter back-end taking account diagnostic information on different metabolite concentrations in human body. This work shows that scaling the architecture from a 0.18-µm to 28-nm CMOS processes, it is possible to improve both size and power consumption. The improvement is about 40 times in size (2000 µm2 down to 50 µm2) and two order of magnitude in average power consumption (10 µW to cents of nW).","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"8 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83682151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Paper-based Chemiresistive Gas Sensor Using Molecularly Imprinted Sol-Gels for Volatile Organic Acids Detection 利用分子印迹溶胶-凝胶检测挥发性有机酸的纸基化学电阻气体传感器
Pub Date : 2021-10-31 DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639251
Xiao Ye, Tianshu Jiang, Lingpu Ge, F. Sassa, Chuanjun Liu, Kenshin Hayashi
Volatile organic acids are important compounds related to specific diseases from human body odor. In this research, paper-based chemiresistive gas sensor was proposed based on inkjet printing technology using desktop inkjet printer. We formulated an alcoholic-based ketjen black ink to construct conductive layer. In addition, molecularly imprinted sol-gels ink was synthesized to realize specific selectivity. To obtain best sensor performance, the main two parameters, template concentration and crosslinker/monomer ratio, were optimized. This work demonstrated that the paper-based MISG gas sensor have a great potential for rapid, sensitive, and selective gas detection.
挥发性有机酸是与人体体味引起的特定疾病有关的重要化合物。本研究提出了一种基于台式喷墨打印机喷墨打印技术的纸基化学电阻式气体传感器。我们配制了一种醇基ketjen黑色油墨来构建导电层。此外,还合成了分子印迹溶胶-凝胶油墨,实现了特定的选择性。为了获得最佳的传感器性能,对模板浓度和交联剂/单体比两个主要参数进行了优化。这项工作表明,基于纸张的MISG气体传感器具有快速、灵敏和选择性气体检测的巨大潜力。
{"title":"Paper-based Chemiresistive Gas Sensor Using Molecularly Imprinted Sol-Gels for Volatile Organic Acids Detection","authors":"Xiao Ye, Tianshu Jiang, Lingpu Ge, F. Sassa, Chuanjun Liu, Kenshin Hayashi","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639251","url":null,"abstract":"Volatile organic acids are important compounds related to specific diseases from human body odor. In this research, paper-based chemiresistive gas sensor was proposed based on inkjet printing technology using desktop inkjet printer. We formulated an alcoholic-based ketjen black ink to construct conductive layer. In addition, molecularly imprinted sol-gels ink was synthesized to realize specific selectivity. To obtain best sensor performance, the main two parameters, template concentration and crosslinker/monomer ratio, were optimized. This work demonstrated that the paper-based MISG gas sensor have a great potential for rapid, sensitive, and selective gas detection.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"574 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87263377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
2021 IEEE Sensors
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