Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639788
Haokai Zhao, Kevin A. Kam, I. Kymissis, P. Culligan
As an important component of the urban ecosystem, trees provide many environmental, social and economic benefits. To help better understand the impact of micro-climate effects on tree health and growth, a LoRaWAN-based environmental sensor system consisting of a soil temperature sensor, a soil moisture sensor, and an air temperature/humidity sensor was developed and tested on Columbia University’s Morningside Campus at the site of a linden tree, which was instrumented with a point dendrometer in order to measure the tree trunk’s radial growth. The use of LoRa technology enabled the system to operate with low-power and to wirelessly communicate with the internet-connected gateway at long distances. The gateway’s coverage was established throughout the entire 480m × 260m area of the campus, with an average received signal strength indicator (RSSI) between -120.0 and -83.0dBm. Ecological and climate data were collected over a 9-day test period of the system. The results show that the air temperature and the air humidity were highly negatively correlated, with a Pearson’s correlation coefficient r=-0.65, P<0.0001. Additionally, the soil and air temperatures were found to be cross correlated, with a time lag of 390mins (or 6.5hrs), and with r=0.33, P<0.0001. From the dendrometer, the tree trunk was found to grow at a rate of about 20.53μm/day. The hourly radial change of the tree diameter was found to be negatively correlated with the air humidity, with r=- 0.21, P<0.01.
{"title":"A LoRaWAN-Based Environmental Sensor System for Urban Tree Health Monitoring","authors":"Haokai Zhao, Kevin A. Kam, I. Kymissis, P. Culligan","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639788","url":null,"abstract":"As an important component of the urban ecosystem, trees provide many environmental, social and economic benefits. To help better understand the impact of micro-climate effects on tree health and growth, a LoRaWAN-based environmental sensor system consisting of a soil temperature sensor, a soil moisture sensor, and an air temperature/humidity sensor was developed and tested on Columbia University’s Morningside Campus at the site of a linden tree, which was instrumented with a point dendrometer in order to measure the tree trunk’s radial growth. The use of LoRa technology enabled the system to operate with low-power and to wirelessly communicate with the internet-connected gateway at long distances. The gateway’s coverage was established throughout the entire 480m × 260m area of the campus, with an average received signal strength indicator (RSSI) between -120.0 and -83.0dBm. Ecological and climate data were collected over a 9-day test period of the system. The results show that the air temperature and the air humidity were highly negatively correlated, with a Pearson’s correlation coefficient r=-0.65, P<0.0001. Additionally, the soil and air temperatures were found to be cross correlated, with a time lag of 390mins (or 6.5hrs), and with r=0.33, P<0.0001. From the dendrometer, the tree trunk was found to grow at a rate of about 20.53μm/day. The hourly radial change of the tree diameter was found to be negatively correlated with the air humidity, with r=- 0.21, P<0.01.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"41 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85276486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639741
Hafiz Wajahat Hassan, Annakutty Mathew, H. Khan, O. Korostynska, P. Mirtaheri
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a rapidly developing and promising technology with potential for spectro-graphic analysis. Understanding NIRS measurements on the implant-tissue interface for hydrogen gas formation as part of degradation is essential for interpreting the biodegradable Magnesium (Mg) based implants. This paper introduces novel NIR optical probe that can assess the state of Mg implant's degradation when in contact with biological tissues. A tissue-mimicking phantom (TMP) to mimic biological tissue's optical properties helps investigate changes in reflectance spectra due to bubble formation at the implant-tissue interface. Spectra taken from different TMP samples containing biodegradable Mg and non-degradable Titanium (Ti) disk are suitable for evaluating the implant's interaction. The results show that the reflection in TMP for samples containing Mg disks, confirms the presence of hydrogen bubbles at the surface of implants. Multi-distance optical probe with depth selectivity of 3mm and 4mm has shown to be an effective tool to monitor bubble effect on different samples.
{"title":"Feasibility Study of Multi-Wavelength Optical Probe to Analyze Magnesium Implant Degradation Effects","authors":"Hafiz Wajahat Hassan, Annakutty Mathew, H. Khan, O. Korostynska, P. Mirtaheri","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639741","url":null,"abstract":"Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a rapidly developing and promising technology with potential for spectro-graphic analysis. Understanding NIRS measurements on the implant-tissue interface for hydrogen gas formation as part of degradation is essential for interpreting the biodegradable Magnesium (Mg) based implants. This paper introduces novel NIR optical probe that can assess the state of Mg implant's degradation when in contact with biological tissues. A tissue-mimicking phantom (TMP) to mimic biological tissue's optical properties helps investigate changes in reflectance spectra due to bubble formation at the implant-tissue interface. Spectra taken from different TMP samples containing biodegradable Mg and non-degradable Titanium (Ti) disk are suitable for evaluating the implant's interaction. The results show that the reflection in TMP for samples containing Mg disks, confirms the presence of hydrogen bubbles at the surface of implants. Multi-distance optical probe with depth selectivity of 3mm and 4mm has shown to be an effective tool to monitor bubble effect on different samples.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"52 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91325468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639616
Hamed Nikfarjam, Amin Abbasalipour, Mehari K. Tesfay, M. Hasan, S. Pourkamali, R. Jafari, F. Alsaleem
This paper reports on the implementation and operation of the first micro-electromechanical (MEMS) network to perform basic neural computing. The device is comprised of a mechanically coupled network of three electrostatically controlled micro-structures with two of the coupled structures acting as the input layer and the third as the output (computing) layer. It has been shown that such device can be programed by application of appropriate bias voltages to the electrostatic control electrodes so that it can distinguish between a ramp (gradually increasing) input signal and a step (abruptly rising) input signal. The results serve as the proof of concept and a pre-cursor to performing more complex computational tasks using coupled micro-structures acting as a network of interacting neurons.
{"title":"Signal Classification Using a Mechanically Coupled MEMS Neural Network","authors":"Hamed Nikfarjam, Amin Abbasalipour, Mehari K. Tesfay, M. Hasan, S. Pourkamali, R. Jafari, F. Alsaleem","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639616","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on the implementation and operation of the first micro-electromechanical (MEMS) network to perform basic neural computing. The device is comprised of a mechanically coupled network of three electrostatically controlled micro-structures with two of the coupled structures acting as the input layer and the third as the output (computing) layer. It has been shown that such device can be programed by application of appropriate bias voltages to the electrostatic control electrodes so that it can distinguish between a ramp (gradually increasing) input signal and a step (abruptly rising) input signal. The results serve as the proof of concept and a pre-cursor to performing more complex computational tasks using coupled micro-structures acting as a network of interacting neurons.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"37 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90106129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639770
Naoki Yoda, Yutaka Suzuki, M. Morisawa
We study a leaky-waveguide-converted plastic optical fiber (POF) alkane-gas sensor using polyisoprene as the cladding, which swells in the presence of alkanes. The proposed sensor has a two-layered structure with a light-absorbing layer on the swollen cladding to improve the sensor sensitivity. The upper-layer of the double-layered sensor is formed through the Electrospray Deposition (ESD) method, which enables thin-film formation in a dry process. In the ESD method, high-voltage is applied to a liquid, and the subsequent evaporation and splitting of the droplets is used to form a thin film. However, due to high-voltage application, antistatic treatment is essential for the POF. Therefore, tributylmethylammonium-bis is added to the lower layer and carbon black to the upper layer for providing conductivity. As a result, a sensor with a two-layered structure using carbon black is fabricated with improved sensitivity.
{"title":"Leaky-waveguide-conversion-type POF alkane-gas sensor using carbon-black dye","authors":"Naoki Yoda, Yutaka Suzuki, M. Morisawa","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639770","url":null,"abstract":"We study a leaky-waveguide-converted plastic optical fiber (POF) alkane-gas sensor using polyisoprene as the cladding, which swells in the presence of alkanes. The proposed sensor has a two-layered structure with a light-absorbing layer on the swollen cladding to improve the sensor sensitivity. The upper-layer of the double-layered sensor is formed through the Electrospray Deposition (ESD) method, which enables thin-film formation in a dry process. In the ESD method, high-voltage is applied to a liquid, and the subsequent evaporation and splitting of the droplets is used to form a thin film. However, due to high-voltage application, antistatic treatment is essential for the POF. Therefore, tributylmethylammonium-bis is added to the lower layer and carbon black to the upper layer for providing conductivity. As a result, a sensor with a two-layered structure using carbon black is fabricated with improved sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"91 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74961971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639538
Ling Chen, David Renshaw, M. Kellam, R. Dutta, D. Liang
Near-net-shape nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (SMA) foils of long length and larger width have been produced by a planar flow casting facility at CSIRO. The advantages of these thin SMA foils include generating a large actuation force, responding faster to thermal stimulus, low cost, etc, which could be used in the field of thermo-sensors. The study focuses on establishing the characteristics of their reversable actuation using several analytical techniques, such as determining phase transformation temperature - i.e. the required temperature for initiating actuation by differential scanning calorimetry, studying the reversable actuation behaviour as a function of actuating time and temperature, and mechanical testing for measuring the actuation stress. The findings of the study will be presented on actuation behaviour in terms of stress, speed, and reversibility, as well as on the parameters affecting the actuation, such as training cycle. The preparation for future digitizing the data accumulated to be utilised in predictive modelling and the potentials of the reversable SMA foils for future industrial applications are discussed.
{"title":"Characterization of Reversibly-Actuating Shape Memory Alloy Foils Produced By Planar Flow Casting","authors":"Ling Chen, David Renshaw, M. Kellam, R. Dutta, D. Liang","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639538","url":null,"abstract":"Near-net-shape nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (SMA) foils of long length and larger width have been produced by a planar flow casting facility at CSIRO. The advantages of these thin SMA foils include generating a large actuation force, responding faster to thermal stimulus, low cost, etc, which could be used in the field of thermo-sensors. The study focuses on establishing the characteristics of their reversable actuation using several analytical techniques, such as determining phase transformation temperature - i.e. the required temperature for initiating actuation by differential scanning calorimetry, studying the reversable actuation behaviour as a function of actuating time and temperature, and mechanical testing for measuring the actuation stress. The findings of the study will be presented on actuation behaviour in terms of stress, speed, and reversibility, as well as on the parameters affecting the actuation, such as training cycle. The preparation for future digitizing the data accumulated to be utilised in predictive modelling and the potentials of the reversable SMA foils for future industrial applications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"12 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75220612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639529
W. R. Johnson, Joran W. Booth, Rebecca Kramer‐Bottiglio
Robotic skins combine actuation and sensing in a 2D, modular soft robot. Robotic skins can be attached to or wrapped around arbitrary objects to add robotic functionality, and they have been demonstrated in a variety of applications, including continuum robots and active wearables. However, the sensors and actuators in current robotic skins are not well integrated. The attachable and detachable components on robotic skins limit their efficiency and robustness compared to the biological systems with embedded multi-functionality they aim to rival. This work integrates sensors into active skins to create robotic skins with embedded actuation and sensing. Experiments demonstrate the skin’s ability to reconstruct its perimeter within 0.59% and its vertex locations within 12.6% of its length scale. This work is the first step toward robotic skins with fully integrated sensing and actuation.
{"title":"Integrated Sensing in Robotic Skin Modules","authors":"W. R. Johnson, Joran W. Booth, Rebecca Kramer‐Bottiglio","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639529","url":null,"abstract":"Robotic skins combine actuation and sensing in a 2D, modular soft robot. Robotic skins can be attached to or wrapped around arbitrary objects to add robotic functionality, and they have been demonstrated in a variety of applications, including continuum robots and active wearables. However, the sensors and actuators in current robotic skins are not well integrated. The attachable and detachable components on robotic skins limit their efficiency and robustness compared to the biological systems with embedded multi-functionality they aim to rival. This work integrates sensors into active skins to create robotic skins with embedded actuation and sensing. Experiments demonstrate the skin’s ability to reconstruct its perimeter within 0.59% and its vertex locations within 12.6% of its length scale. This work is the first step toward robotic skins with fully integrated sensing and actuation.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"94 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75238468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639514
K. Drozdowska, A. Rehman, P. Sai, B. Stonio, A. Krajewska, G. Cywiński, M. Haras, S. Rumyantsev, J. Smulko, A. Kwiatkowski
A graphene-based gas sensor fabricated in a FET (GFET) configuration and its sensitivity towards ethanol and methane is reported. Detection of ethanol at the level of 100 ppm was observed under pulsed UV irradiation and after cleaning by UV light in the N2 ambient. Reduction of the frequency of UV irradiation pulses resulted in increased changes in sensor resistance in the presence of ethanol. Improved sensing behavior was ascribed to more effective diffusion and adsorption processes at the graphene surface during low-frequency UV light pulses. Additionally, modulation of charge carrier density allowed more pronounced sensor responses at higher gate voltages (~30 V). GFET was insensitive to methane (200 ppm) at room temperature, regardless of irradiation frequency used, suggesting the potential application of selective gas sensing capability of graphene-based devices.
{"title":"Pulsed UV-irradiated Graphene Sensors for Ethanol Detection at Room Temperature","authors":"K. Drozdowska, A. Rehman, P. Sai, B. Stonio, A. Krajewska, G. Cywiński, M. Haras, S. Rumyantsev, J. Smulko, A. Kwiatkowski","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639514","url":null,"abstract":"A graphene-based gas sensor fabricated in a FET (GFET) configuration and its sensitivity towards ethanol and methane is reported. Detection of ethanol at the level of 100 ppm was observed under pulsed UV irradiation and after cleaning by UV light in the N2 ambient. Reduction of the frequency of UV irradiation pulses resulted in increased changes in sensor resistance in the presence of ethanol. Improved sensing behavior was ascribed to more effective diffusion and adsorption processes at the graphene surface during low-frequency UV light pulses. Additionally, modulation of charge carrier density allowed more pronounced sensor responses at higher gate voltages (~30 V). GFET was insensitive to methane (200 ppm) at room temperature, regardless of irradiation frequency used, suggesting the potential application of selective gas sensing capability of graphene-based devices.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73018091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639609
Giuseppe Michetti, Gabriel Giribaldi, Michele Pirro, Ankit Mittal, Tanbir Haque, Patrick Cabrol, Ravikumar V. Pragada, Hussain E. Elkotby, L. Colombo, A. Shrivastava, M. Rinaldi
Enabling Internet of Things (IoT) in harsh environments relies on improving battery life, which can be achieved using Wake-Up Receivers (WuRX) with high quality factor (Q) RF components. MEMS micro-acoustic RF resonators have been proposed as strategic components to provide large passive voltage amplification as well as noise and interference rejection, ultimately providing means to reduce system-level link budget and power-hungry cells count in the back-end circuitry. In this work, we present an integration effort of a high-Q MEMS with an IoT RF front-end. Integration issues are discussed first at simulation level, and then verified on an WuRX designed thanks to the integration of in-house fabricated FBAR resonator and commercial integrated circuits. The result is a compact IoT RF sensor operating at 820 MHz with an outstanding measured RF gain of 12 dB, a 3 dB bandwidth of 7 MHz and an out-of-band rejection of 23 dB. Communication test shows that digital bit streams are fully recoverable at –46 dBm RF power with zero error rate above that threshold.
{"title":"Hybridly Integrated MEMS-IC RF Front-End for IoT with Embedded Filtering and Passive Voltage Amplification","authors":"Giuseppe Michetti, Gabriel Giribaldi, Michele Pirro, Ankit Mittal, Tanbir Haque, Patrick Cabrol, Ravikumar V. Pragada, Hussain E. Elkotby, L. Colombo, A. Shrivastava, M. Rinaldi","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639609","url":null,"abstract":"Enabling Internet of Things (IoT) in harsh environments relies on improving battery life, which can be achieved using Wake-Up Receivers (WuRX) with high quality factor (Q) RF components. MEMS micro-acoustic RF resonators have been proposed as strategic components to provide large passive voltage amplification as well as noise and interference rejection, ultimately providing means to reduce system-level link budget and power-hungry cells count in the back-end circuitry. In this work, we present an integration effort of a high-Q MEMS with an IoT RF front-end. Integration issues are discussed first at simulation level, and then verified on an WuRX designed thanks to the integration of in-house fabricated FBAR resonator and commercial integrated circuits. The result is a compact IoT RF sensor operating at 820 MHz with an outstanding measured RF gain of 12 dB, a 3 dB bandwidth of 7 MHz and an out-of-band rejection of 23 dB. Communication test shows that digital bit streams are fully recoverable at –46 dBm RF power with zero error rate above that threshold.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74327622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639615
Alberto Miralles-Abete, Paddy J. French
This paper shows that PEDOT:PSS is an excellent material for all-polymeric cochlear implant micro-electrode arrays. Initial experiments have shown a high conductivity of 230 S/cm for PEDOT:PSS samples, which dramatically decreased to 0.48 S/cm after 3 hours of UV treatment. Electrical characterisation of PEDOT:PSS electrodes reveals that its maximum charge injection capacity is 15 times higher than that of platinum, the electrode material used in commercial cochlear implants. These experiments demonstrate that PEDOT:PSS is an excellent candidate material for cochlear implants, both as micro-electrode and insulating layer.
{"title":"Towards All-Polymeric Cochlear Implant Micro-Electrode Arrays","authors":"Alberto Miralles-Abete, Paddy J. French","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639615","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows that PEDOT:PSS is an excellent material for all-polymeric cochlear implant micro-electrode arrays. Initial experiments have shown a high conductivity of 230 S/cm for PEDOT:PSS samples, which dramatically decreased to 0.48 S/cm after 3 hours of UV treatment. Electrical characterisation of PEDOT:PSS electrodes reveals that its maximum charge injection capacity is 15 times higher than that of platinum, the electrode material used in commercial cochlear implants. These experiments demonstrate that PEDOT:PSS is an excellent candidate material for cochlear implants, both as micro-electrode and insulating layer.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73671251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639554
Md. Faruk Hossain, G. Slaughter
A glucose biofuel cell is presented using laser induced 3D graphene (LIG) substrate integrated with catalytic active nanomaterials for harnessing the biochemical energy of glucose. The LIG anode comprised glucose dehydrogenase immobilized on reduced graphene oxide and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (RGO/MWCNTs) nanocomposite for glucose oxidation. The LIG cathode is modified with RGO/MWCNTs and silver oxide (Ag2O) nanocomposites for the reduction of oxygen. The assembled biofuel cell exhibited a linear peak power response up to 18 mM glucose with sensitivity of 0.63 μW mM-1 cm−2 and exhibited good linearity (r2 = 0.99). The glucose biofuel cell showed an open-circuit voltage of 0.365 V, a maximum power density of 11.3 μW cm−2 at a cell voltage of 0.25 V, and a short-circuit current density of 45.18 μA cm−2 when operating in 18 mM glucose. Cyclic voltammetry revealed the bioanode exhibited similar linearity for the detection of glucose. These results demonstrate that LIG based bioelectrodes offer great promise for diverse applications in the development of hybrid biofuel cell and biosensor technology.
{"title":"Laser induced graphene-based glucose biofuel cell","authors":"Md. Faruk Hossain, G. Slaughter","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47087.2021.9639554","url":null,"abstract":"A glucose biofuel cell is presented using laser induced 3D graphene (LIG) substrate integrated with catalytic active nanomaterials for harnessing the biochemical energy of glucose. The LIG anode comprised glucose dehydrogenase immobilized on reduced graphene oxide and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (RGO/MWCNTs) nanocomposite for glucose oxidation. The LIG cathode is modified with RGO/MWCNTs and silver oxide (Ag2O) nanocomposites for the reduction of oxygen. The assembled biofuel cell exhibited a linear peak power response up to 18 mM glucose with sensitivity of 0.63 μW mM-1 cm−2 and exhibited good linearity (r2 = 0.99). The glucose biofuel cell showed an open-circuit voltage of 0.365 V, a maximum power density of 11.3 μW cm−2 at a cell voltage of 0.25 V, and a short-circuit current density of 45.18 μA cm−2 when operating in 18 mM glucose. Cyclic voltammetry revealed the bioanode exhibited similar linearity for the detection of glucose. These results demonstrate that LIG based bioelectrodes offer great promise for diverse applications in the development of hybrid biofuel cell and biosensor technology.","PeriodicalId":6775,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE Sensors","volume":"178 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74137982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：