Pub Date : 2021-12-04DOI: 10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9703751
Meng Gao, M. M. Honari, J. Booske, N. Behdad
Two ultra-wideband, reconfigurable reflective polarization-rotating (PR) elements are presented in this paper for high-power microwave applications. While one structure provides wider bandwidth, the other one is less challenging to fabricate and is likely more robust mechanically. The proposed structures use two dipole antennas connected to a switching circuit integrated with four, commercially-available, PIN diodes at the backside of a ground plane. Switching between different on-off combination states of the PIN diodes provides 0° or 180°phase shifts yielding a tunable, 1-bit, phase-shifting unit cell. Full-wave electromagnetic simulations predict that both PR unit cells should provide a high co-polarization reflection coefficient (Ryx> −1 dB) and 180° phase difference over an ultra-wide bandwidth. Thermal simulations predict that the PR unit cells should tolerate a continuous-wave illumination power density level of at least 22 W/cm2, while keeping the PIN diode switch junction temperatures below 85% of their maximum rated values.
{"title":"High-Power-Capable, Ultra-Wideband, 1-Bit, Reflectarray Unit Cells Using Polarization-Rotation Reflection Modes","authors":"Meng Gao, M. M. Honari, J. Booske, N. Behdad","doi":"10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9703751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9703751","url":null,"abstract":"Two ultra-wideband, reconfigurable reflective polarization-rotating (PR) elements are presented in this paper for high-power microwave applications. While one structure provides wider bandwidth, the other one is less challenging to fabricate and is likely more robust mechanically. The proposed structures use two dipole antennas connected to a switching circuit integrated with four, commercially-available, PIN diodes at the backside of a ground plane. Switching between different on-off combination states of the PIN diodes provides 0° or 180°phase shifts yielding a tunable, 1-bit, phase-shifting unit cell. Full-wave electromagnetic simulations predict that both PR unit cells should provide a high co-polarization reflection coefficient (Ryx> −1 dB) and 180° phase difference over an ultra-wide bandwidth. Thermal simulations predict that the PR unit cells should tolerate a continuous-wave illumination power density level of at least 22 W/cm2, while keeping the PIN diode switch junction temperatures below 85% of their maximum rated values.","PeriodicalId":6801,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (APS/URSI)","volume":"55 1 1","pages":"547-548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77217643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-04DOI: 10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9703867
A. Omar, W. Hong
A design methodology to accomplish compact and wideband end-fire millimeter-wave antenna is presented. A dielectric-loaded cavity-backed slot antenna is utilized to achieve the compact design. In addition, a dielectric matching layer is employed to enable the wideband operation. The antenna achieves a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 2.1 from 27.4 GHz to 40.8 GHz with an antenna realized gain in the end-fire direction ranging from 4 dBi to 5.5 dBi. A compact design of 2.2 × 2 × 5 mm3, which is 0.2 × 0.18 × 0.45 λ3max where λmax is the free space wavelength at the lowest operating frequency. Moreover, the antenna is fed by the microstrip line feed, which is an advantage when the connection to RFIC is considered
{"title":"Dual-Function Dielectric Layer Enabling Compact Wideband End-Fire Millimeter-Wave Antenna","authors":"A. Omar, W. Hong","doi":"10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9703867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9703867","url":null,"abstract":"A design methodology to accomplish compact and wideband end-fire millimeter-wave antenna is presented. A dielectric-loaded cavity-backed slot antenna is utilized to achieve the compact design. In addition, a dielectric matching layer is employed to enable the wideband operation. The antenna achieves a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 2.1 from 27.4 GHz to 40.8 GHz with an antenna realized gain in the end-fire direction ranging from 4 dBi to 5.5 dBi. A compact design of 2.2 × 2 × 5 mm3, which is 0.2 × 0.18 × 0.45 λ3max where λmax is the free space wavelength at the lowest operating frequency. Moreover, the antenna is fed by the microstrip line feed, which is an advantage when the connection to RFIC is considered","PeriodicalId":6801,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (APS/URSI)","volume":"19 1","pages":"1291-1292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82200035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-04DOI: 10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704770
K. P. Sinai, Sagar Hossain, Sayan Roy
Conductive filament such as Electrifi can be used to $mathbf{3mathrm{D}}$ print conventional and unconventional geometries of microstrip antennas. A modified manufacturing method is presented in this paper to realize non-planar antennas with variable trace height using the additive manufacturing method.
{"title":"On the Manufacturing Process of a 3D Printed Patch Antenna with Variable Trace Height","authors":"K. P. Sinai, Sagar Hossain, Sayan Roy","doi":"10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704770","url":null,"abstract":"Conductive filament such as Electrifi can be used to $mathbf{3mathrm{D}}$ print conventional and unconventional geometries of microstrip antennas. A modified manufacturing method is presented in this paper to realize non-planar antennas with variable trace height using the additive manufacturing method.","PeriodicalId":6801,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (APS/URSI)","volume":"29 1","pages":"1435-1436"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81407932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The received signal strength indicator (RSSI) from wireless access points in indoor environments can be employed for user localization. The accuracy of RSSI-based localization can be greatly improved from advanced knowledge of the propagation characteristics of an environment, via extensive measurements or computationally costly simulations. This paper introduces a machine learning approach, leveraging a convolutional neural network, aimed at producing high-resolution power maps of complex indoor environments through low-cost ray-tracing simulations. The produced power maps are integrated with a k-nearest neighbors (kNN) algorithm that performs user localization. The proposed approach is successfully demonstrated in a localization case study across the floor of an office building at the University of Toronto campus.
{"title":"Physics-Informed Convolutional Neural Network for Indoor Localization","authors":"Farah Ashqar, Rakan Khoury, Caroline Wood, Yi-Hsuan Yeh, Aristeidis Seretis, C. Sarris","doi":"10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704309","url":null,"abstract":"The received signal strength indicator (RSSI) from wireless access points in indoor environments can be employed for user localization. The accuracy of RSSI-based localization can be greatly improved from advanced knowledge of the propagation characteristics of an environment, via extensive measurements or computationally costly simulations. This paper introduces a machine learning approach, leveraging a convolutional neural network, aimed at producing high-resolution power maps of complex indoor environments through low-cost ray-tracing simulations. The produced power maps are integrated with a k-nearest neighbors (kNN) algorithm that performs user localization. The proposed approach is successfully demonstrated in a localization case study across the floor of an office building at the University of Toronto campus.","PeriodicalId":6801,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (APS/URSI)","volume":"2 1","pages":"659-660"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81790977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-04DOI: 10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704065
D. Ganguly, Y. Antar, Prapti Ganguly, J. Siddiqui, D. Sarkar, C. Saha
This paper is primarily aimed at choosing the suitable biocompatible substrate for in-body implantable antennas from a pool of commercially available inorganic polymer ceramics, polymides and organic substrate material. We first consider an in-body antenna at 2.45 GHz, and then optimize it without body phantom, for range of substrate relative permittivity variation 2.5< εr < 30. After integrating the antenna with body phantom, we monitor the antenna reflection coefficient, maximum permissible radiated power, as well as specific absorption rate (SAR) in the tissue, in order to formulate a strategy for suitable substrate material selection in Wireless Implantable Medical Devices (WIMDs)
{"title":"Selection of Suitable Inorganic/Organic Substrate for In-Body Antenna Implants: Impact on Antenna Characteristics in Deep Tissue Environment","authors":"D. Ganguly, Y. Antar, Prapti Ganguly, J. Siddiqui, D. Sarkar, C. Saha","doi":"10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704065","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is primarily aimed at choosing the suitable biocompatible substrate for in-body implantable antennas from a pool of commercially available inorganic polymer ceramics, polymides and organic substrate material. We first consider an in-body antenna at 2.45 GHz, and then optimize it without body phantom, for range of substrate relative permittivity variation 2.5< εr < 30. After integrating the antenna with body phantom, we monitor the antenna reflection coefficient, maximum permissible radiated power, as well as specific absorption rate (SAR) in the tissue, in order to formulate a strategy for suitable substrate material selection in Wireless Implantable Medical Devices (WIMDs)","PeriodicalId":6801,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (APS/URSI)","volume":"3 1","pages":"597-598"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82492639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-04DOI: 10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704328
Amin Kianinejad, Zhi Ning Chen
This paper applies the concept of surface equivalence theorem to design metasurface lens (metalens) antennas for 5G MIMO applications. Fictitious surface electric and magnetic currents are implemented through non periodic metasurfaces to create the required field discontinuity for radiation in the desired direction. The method has the advantage of customizing the wave front based on the generated electric and magnetic fields generated by the feeding antenna. As an example, a metalens is designed for three dual-polarized stack patch antennas for the operation at the 5G sub-6GHz band of 3.1-3.6 GHz. The designed six-port MIMO antenna provides three beams at 0 and +/−12 degrees with vertical and horizontal polarizations, with the maximum realized gain of 21 dBi and the aperture efficiency of over 33%.
{"title":"Surface Equivalence Theory for 5G MIMO Metasuraface Lens Antenna Design","authors":"Amin Kianinejad, Zhi Ning Chen","doi":"10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704328","url":null,"abstract":"This paper applies the concept of surface equivalence theorem to design metasurface lens (metalens) antennas for 5G MIMO applications. Fictitious surface electric and magnetic currents are implemented through non periodic metasurfaces to create the required field discontinuity for radiation in the desired direction. The method has the advantage of customizing the wave front based on the generated electric and magnetic fields generated by the feeding antenna. As an example, a metalens is designed for three dual-polarized stack patch antennas for the operation at the 5G sub-6GHz band of 3.1-3.6 GHz. The designed six-port MIMO antenna provides three beams at 0 and +/−12 degrees with vertical and horizontal polarizations, with the maximum realized gain of 21 dBi and the aperture efficiency of over 33%.","PeriodicalId":6801,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (APS/URSI)","volume":"8 1","pages":"123-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78902352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-04DOI: 10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704654
Dongfang Cui, Guoli Yang, Shichen Ji, Shuyang Luo, Aristeidis Seretis, C. Sarris
One of the main challenges in optimally placing indoor Wi-Fi access points in a complex indoor environment is the estimation of the received signal strength (RSS) given different access point locations. This paper proposes a deep learning approach, a modification to the classic Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network (DCGAN), to generate accurate power maps for a specific indoor geometry. It has been demonstrated that this model consistently outperforms a benchmark ray-tracing simulator in efficiency, maintaining a comparable accuracy.
{"title":"Physics- Informed Machine Learning Models for Indoor Wi-Fi Access Point Placement","authors":"Dongfang Cui, Guoli Yang, Shichen Ji, Shuyang Luo, Aristeidis Seretis, C. Sarris","doi":"10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704654","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main challenges in optimally placing indoor Wi-Fi access points in a complex indoor environment is the estimation of the received signal strength (RSS) given different access point locations. This paper proposes a deep learning approach, a modification to the classic Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Network (DCGAN), to generate accurate power maps for a specific indoor geometry. It has been demonstrated that this model consistently outperforms a benchmark ray-tracing simulator in efficiency, maintaining a comparable accuracy.","PeriodicalId":6801,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (APS/URSI)","volume":"84 1","pages":"227-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78937885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-04DOI: 10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704198
Azzama Talukder, Ehtesanul Islam
This paper describes simulation study results of E shaped slotted Microstrip patch antenna using HFSS for possible application in 5G, GPS, WiMAX/WLAN applications. A novel defected ground structure (DGS) microstrip rectangular patch antenna with narrow slot is studied for multiband operation. The proposed antenna resonates at three distinctive frequencies such as 4.6 GHz, 8 GHz, and 10 GHz. With bandwidth in the 90 MHz-500 MHz range and maximum gain 8.03 dB.
{"title":"Design and Simulation Study of E Shaped Slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna by HFSS for 5G applications","authors":"Azzama Talukder, Ehtesanul Islam","doi":"10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9704198","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes simulation study results of E shaped slotted Microstrip patch antenna using HFSS for possible application in 5G, GPS, WiMAX/WLAN applications. A novel defected ground structure (DGS) microstrip rectangular patch antenna with narrow slot is studied for multiband operation. The proposed antenna resonates at three distinctive frequencies such as 4.6 GHz, 8 GHz, and 10 GHz. With bandwidth in the 90 MHz-500 MHz range and maximum gain 8.03 dB.","PeriodicalId":6801,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (APS/URSI)","volume":"97 1","pages":"1909-1910"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76099641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-04DOI: 10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9703703
Xiaolin Yang, Jianfeng Zheng, W. Kainz, Ji Chen
This paper studies the influences of body postures on the radiofrequency (RF)-induced heating for patients with an external fixation device under 1.5 Tesla (T) and 3 $T$ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. Two patient postures, the natural posture and the hand raised, were used in the study. The external fixation device is placed on the forearm of the human model. The RF-induced heating at four landmark positions, corresponding to the head scan, the cardio scan, the liver scan, and the pelvis scan were studied. The peak 1g averaged specific absorption rate (SAR) was used to evaluate the RF-induced heating. For the head landmark, the natural posture has the lowest RF-induced heating and for other landmarks, the heating of the hand raised was lowest, at both 1.5 T and 3 T. Therefore, the RF-induced heating of the external fixation device can be reduced by adopting the appropriate posture.
{"title":"Impacts of Patient Postures on the RF-induced Heating for An External Fixation Device","authors":"Xiaolin Yang, Jianfeng Zheng, W. Kainz, Ji Chen","doi":"10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9703703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9703703","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the influences of body postures on the radiofrequency (RF)-induced heating for patients with an external fixation device under 1.5 Tesla (T) and 3 $T$ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system. Two patient postures, the natural posture and the hand raised, were used in the study. The external fixation device is placed on the forearm of the human model. The RF-induced heating at four landmark positions, corresponding to the head scan, the cardio scan, the liver scan, and the pelvis scan were studied. The peak 1g averaged specific absorption rate (SAR) was used to evaluate the RF-induced heating. For the head landmark, the natural posture has the lowest RF-induced heating and for other landmarks, the heating of the hand raised was lowest, at both 1.5 T and 3 T. Therefore, the RF-induced heating of the external fixation device can be reduced by adopting the appropriate posture.","PeriodicalId":6801,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (APS/URSI)","volume":"1 1","pages":"143-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76119503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-04DOI: 10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9703868
Theng Huat Gan, P. Tan, Ankang Liu, Jian Lu, S. Sow
This paper presents a pattern-reconfigurable planar array antenna with wide-angle scanning capability. It achieves wide-angle scanning by suppressing the grating lobes of the array antenna using pattern-reconfigurable antenna.
提出了一种具有广角扫描能力的可重构平面阵列天线。采用可重构天线抑制阵列天线的光栅瓣，实现广角扫描。
{"title":"A Planar Wide-angle Scanning Array Using Pattern-Reconfigurable Antenna","authors":"Theng Huat Gan, P. Tan, Ankang Liu, Jian Lu, S. Sow","doi":"10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9703868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS/URSI47566.2021.9703868","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a pattern-reconfigurable planar array antenna with wide-angle scanning capability. It achieves wide-angle scanning by suppressing the grating lobes of the array antenna using pattern-reconfigurable antenna.","PeriodicalId":6801,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (APS/URSI)","volume":"90 1 1","pages":"557-558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87720976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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