Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672905
Jichao Wang, Ran Zhang, Guanqiang Qi, Lanqing Hong
The hard disk drives (HDD) are essential devices lying in primary layers of diverse information infrastructure. Long-term disk failure predictions are crucial to the stability and robustness of storage systems for data centers. In this paper, a domain adaption method is developed to improve prediction performance in out-of-distribution disk datasets. We propose heuristic invariant risk minimization (HIRM) with a new loss function to deal with imbalanced data. The HIRM combined with machine learning models are verified to promote the accuracy and stability in out-of-distribution (OoD) data. When hard disks with new SMART feature distribution are introduced into the data center, the proposed HIRM algorithm achieves better results than vanilla neural networks. A numerical example using the data from the BackBlaze data center is shown to illustrate the application of our HIRM model. The aims of each person are different.
{"title":"A Heuristic-IRM Method on Hard Disk Failure Prediction in Out-of-distribution Environments","authors":"Jichao Wang, Ran Zhang, Guanqiang Qi, Lanqing Hong","doi":"10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672905","url":null,"abstract":"The hard disk drives (HDD) are essential devices lying in primary layers of diverse information infrastructure. Long-term disk failure predictions are crucial to the stability and robustness of storage systems for data centers. In this paper, a domain adaption method is developed to improve prediction performance in out-of-distribution disk datasets. We propose heuristic invariant risk minimization (HIRM) with a new loss function to deal with imbalanced data. The HIRM combined with machine learning models are verified to promote the accuracy and stability in out-of-distribution (OoD) data. When hard disks with new SMART feature distribution are introduced into the data center, the proposed HIRM algorithm achieves better results than vanilla neural networks. A numerical example using the data from the BackBlaze data center is shown to illustrate the application of our HIRM model. The aims of each person are different.","PeriodicalId":6818,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)","volume":"42 6","pages":"1661-1664"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91469672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9673078
X. Zhu, Naiding Yang, Mingzhen Zhang
Innovation is the key to the progress of enterprises, and the level of innovation can directly reflect the core strength of technological enterprises. This paper took technological enterprises as the research object and comprehensively constructed an evaluation index system for the innovation level of technological enterprises. The weight of evaluation index was determined by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and the innovation level of enterprise was evaluated based on the multi-attribute decision- making method of Vague sets. The method is helpful to conduct horizontal comparative analysis of the innovation level among enterprises, and find out the ways to improve the innovation level of enterprises.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Innovation Level for Technological Enterprises: Multi-attribute Decision-making Based on Vague Sets","authors":"X. Zhu, Naiding Yang, Mingzhen Zhang","doi":"10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9673078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9673078","url":null,"abstract":"Innovation is the key to the progress of enterprises, and the level of innovation can directly reflect the core strength of technological enterprises. This paper took technological enterprises as the research object and comprehensively constructed an evaluation index system for the innovation level of technological enterprises. The weight of evaluation index was determined by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and the innovation level of enterprise was evaluated based on the multi-attribute decision- making method of Vague sets. The method is helpful to conduct horizontal comparative analysis of the innovation level among enterprises, and find out the ways to improve the innovation level of enterprises.","PeriodicalId":6818,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)","volume":"8 1","pages":"563-567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84771868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9673083
Chen Nan, Jianfeng Cai, W. Han
This paper considers a fresh products supply chain consisting of a supplier, distributor and a retailer. we use CVaR risk measurement tool to build the supply chain model of three-level of fresh products which the retailer under the risk aversion, preference, respectively. At the same time, the loss of fresh products with time is considered and the option contract is applied to the supply chain model. Therefore, the supply chain coordination is realized by adjusting the option contract parameters. The conclusion implies that the purchase price of the option is not affected by the loss value but the execution price of the option is affected by the loss value. In addition, the attitude of aversion and preference about the retailer will not affect the execution price of the option and only affect the purchase price of the option of the distributor and retailer.
{"title":"Coordination of Supply Chain of a Three-level Fresh Products Based on Conditional Value at Risk","authors":"Chen Nan, Jianfeng Cai, W. Han","doi":"10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9673083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9673083","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers a fresh products supply chain consisting of a supplier, distributor and a retailer. we use CVaR risk measurement tool to build the supply chain model of three-level of fresh products which the retailer under the risk aversion, preference, respectively. At the same time, the loss of fresh products with time is considered and the option contract is applied to the supply chain model. Therefore, the supply chain coordination is realized by adjusting the option contract parameters. The conclusion implies that the purchase price of the option is not affected by the loss value but the execution price of the option is affected by the loss value. In addition, the attitude of aversion and preference about the retailer will not affect the execution price of the option and only affect the purchase price of the option of the distributor and retailer.","PeriodicalId":6818,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)","volume":"1953 1","pages":"153-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91266908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672940
A. Staskiewicz, L. Hvam, Anders Haug
The increased demand for product variety implies that many manufacturing companies are struggling with the negative effects of stock keeping unit (SKU) proliferation in product portfolios. This implies that many companies implement SKU rationalisation programmes to deal with product and process complexity. However, many industry companies report that they do not gain the financial benefits that they expected from optimizing their portfolios. To improve the understanding of this phenomenon, this paper studies an unsuccessful SKU rationalisation project at a hearing healthcare company. The case study revealed that what appeared to be a great potential for reducing inventories through SKU rationalisation turned out to be more of an SKU management problem. Specifically, analyses showed that 19% of the hearing devices' product portfolios had multiple SKUs for the same product variant, and that SKU rationalisation would only produce minimal inventory-related benefits. The case study therefore demonstrates the importance of proper SKU management in identifying fruitful SKU rationalisation projects.
{"title":"The Role of SKU Management in SKU Rationalisation Projects","authors":"A. Staskiewicz, L. Hvam, Anders Haug","doi":"10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672940","url":null,"abstract":"The increased demand for product variety implies that many manufacturing companies are struggling with the negative effects of stock keeping unit (SKU) proliferation in product portfolios. This implies that many companies implement SKU rationalisation programmes to deal with product and process complexity. However, many industry companies report that they do not gain the financial benefits that they expected from optimizing their portfolios. To improve the understanding of this phenomenon, this paper studies an unsuccessful SKU rationalisation project at a hearing healthcare company. The case study revealed that what appeared to be a great potential for reducing inventories through SKU rationalisation turned out to be more of an SKU management problem. Specifically, analyses showed that 19% of the hearing devices' product portfolios had multiple SKUs for the same product variant, and that SKU rationalisation would only produce minimal inventory-related benefits. The case study therefore demonstrates the importance of proper SKU management in identifying fruitful SKU rationalisation projects.","PeriodicalId":6818,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)","volume":"21 1","pages":"259-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82061468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672930
Y. Qin, H. Liu
This study investigates the application of value stream mapping (VSM) in the supply chain of an e-commerce retailer on Amazon to reduce waste and improve customer satisfaction. By visualizing the entire supply chain with VSM, the waste was identified in the delivery process from the retailer to the customer. The five-Whys method was then applied to find the root cause of the waste. Furthermore. a scoring method was developed to evaluate and compare the pros and cons offered by two supply chain operation models to identify an improvement strategy. It was demonstrated in the study that the VSM together with five-whys analysis helps to improve the quality of supply chain management, reduce lead time, and improve customers' satisfaction effectively.
{"title":"Application of Value Stream Mapping in Supply Chain: A Case Study on an Amazon Retail","authors":"Y. Qin, H. Liu","doi":"10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672930","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the application of value stream mapping (VSM) in the supply chain of an e-commerce retailer on Amazon to reduce waste and improve customer satisfaction. By visualizing the entire supply chain with VSM, the waste was identified in the delivery process from the retailer to the customer. The five-Whys method was then applied to find the root cause of the waste. Furthermore. a scoring method was developed to evaluate and compare the pros and cons offered by two supply chain operation models to identify an improvement strategy. It was demonstrated in the study that the VSM together with five-whys analysis helps to improve the quality of supply chain management, reduce lead time, and improve customers' satisfaction effectively.","PeriodicalId":6818,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)","volume":"6 1","pages":"213-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78519706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672806
G. Schuh, A. Gützlaff, M. Schmidhuber, M. Krug
In recent years, the number of product variants has steadily increased in numerous industries to accommodate customer-specific requirements. At the same time, rapid technological changes have led to shortening product lifecycles and greater volatility in product portfolios. In manufacturing, the high level of product variety is reflected in greater process diversity and material flow complexity, making it harder to exploit economies of scale and utilize resources efficiently. In order to stay competitive under increased cost pressure, manufacturing companies try to counter these effects, but often lack transparency on product variety to successfully implement modular systems and standardization measures. As existing methods for capturing product variety are labor intensive and impractical for larger portfolios, this paper presents a data-driven approach by computing similarities between products based on their geometrical features. To capture product variety and create transparency, the similarities are visualized through a dendrogram and multidimensional scaling methods.
{"title":"Creating Transparency on Product Variety Through Data-driven Similarity Analysis","authors":"G. Schuh, A. Gützlaff, M. Schmidhuber, M. Krug","doi":"10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672806","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the number of product variants has steadily increased in numerous industries to accommodate customer-specific requirements. At the same time, rapid technological changes have led to shortening product lifecycles and greater volatility in product portfolios. In manufacturing, the high level of product variety is reflected in greater process diversity and material flow complexity, making it harder to exploit economies of scale and utilize resources efficiently. In order to stay competitive under increased cost pressure, manufacturing companies try to counter these effects, but often lack transparency on product variety to successfully implement modular systems and standardization measures. As existing methods for capturing product variety are labor intensive and impractical for larger portfolios, this paper presents a data-driven approach by computing similarities between products based on their geometrical features. To capture product variety and create transparency, the similarities are visualized through a dendrogram and multidimensional scaling methods.","PeriodicalId":6818,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)","volume":"116 1","pages":"1077-1081"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76708948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672964
I. Gunawan, Dian Trihastuti, I. J. Mulyana
Coconut is one of Indonesia's strategic agricultural commodities. However, in the past five years, many issues on the sustainability of the coconut supply chain in Indonesia have been revealed in the mass media. This study aims to explore the issue by exploring discussions that emerge in online news articles. It employs content analysis and binary factor analysis to investigate and construct the information in identifying and narrating the issue of sustainability of the coconut supply chain in Indonesia. The result shows that the sustainability of the coconut supply chain in Indonesia experiences disruptions and requires an immediate long-term strategy for restoration. This will provide insight into the real condition of the coconut supply chain in Indonesia so that could become the basis for further research. Future work should include a simulation study to find the best policy in maintaining the sustainability of the coconut supply chain in Indonesia.
{"title":"Sustainability Issues of the Coconut Supply Chain in Indonesia","authors":"I. Gunawan, Dian Trihastuti, I. J. Mulyana","doi":"10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672964","url":null,"abstract":"Coconut is one of Indonesia's strategic agricultural commodities. However, in the past five years, many issues on the sustainability of the coconut supply chain in Indonesia have been revealed in the mass media. This study aims to explore the issue by exploring discussions that emerge in online news articles. It employs content analysis and binary factor analysis to investigate and construct the information in identifying and narrating the issue of sustainability of the coconut supply chain in Indonesia. The result shows that the sustainability of the coconut supply chain in Indonesia experiences disruptions and requires an immediate long-term strategy for restoration. This will provide insight into the real condition of the coconut supply chain in Indonesia so that could become the basis for further research. Future work should include a simulation study to find the best policy in maintaining the sustainability of the coconut supply chain in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":6818,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)","volume":"56 1","pages":"158-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76847180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672886
Vit Prochazka, R. Adland
The fuel consumption and emissions of ship operation is determined by the vessel speed, loading condition and external environment in which they sail. Vessel speed is subject to certain contractual constraints, notably the requirement that a vessel presents herself for loading within an agreed time window. The objective of this paper is to investigate how such contractual constraints and risk aversion affect empirical vessel speeds. We use ship tracking data from the Automated Identification System (AIS) combined with fixture data to identify the pre- and post-contract speeds as well as variations in sailing speeds throughout the ballast voyage. Our results support the notion that vessels are ordered to change their speed at the point of contracting if it is necessary to meet contractual obligations, and that most are conservative in their adjustment. Our findings are important for the assessment of emission elasticities with regards to market conditions and regulatory changes.
{"title":"Contractual Obligations and Vessel Speed: Empirical Evidence from the Capesize Drybulk Market","authors":"Vit Prochazka, R. Adland","doi":"10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672886","url":null,"abstract":"The fuel consumption and emissions of ship operation is determined by the vessel speed, loading condition and external environment in which they sail. Vessel speed is subject to certain contractual constraints, notably the requirement that a vessel presents herself for loading within an agreed time window. The objective of this paper is to investigate how such contractual constraints and risk aversion affect empirical vessel speeds. We use ship tracking data from the Automated Identification System (AIS) combined with fixture data to identify the pre- and post-contract speeds as well as variations in sailing speeds throughout the ballast voyage. Our results support the notion that vessels are ordered to change their speed at the point of contracting if it is necessary to meet contractual obligations, and that most are conservative in their adjustment. Our findings are important for the assessment of emission elasticities with regards to market conditions and regulatory changes.","PeriodicalId":6818,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)","volume":"56 1","pages":"1132-1136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73598072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672783
Jalaja Shanmugalingam, D. Lario, Yongsheng Ma
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a decentralization of the workforce in many industries. Due to the stay-at-home orders to control the spread of the virus, many are working from home. Even though modern technological advancements have helped some companies adapt to this new norm, many others are still scrambling to find the best way to remotely manage employees and accommodate their needs. Our research shows that the current challenges organizations face in managing their human capital are like the ones they face due to workplace demographic changes. This study focuses on analyzing those challenges and how human competency can be unlocked and developed to encourage sustainable autonomous working in an office, at home, or during frequent traveling. This study investigates the challenges faced by both organizations and employees, and presents a new business model that helps with the sustainable use of human resources and improves employee efficiency.
{"title":"Feature Based Statistical Model of Employee Productivity with Real Time Checked Data","authors":"Jalaja Shanmugalingam, D. Lario, Yongsheng Ma","doi":"10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9672783","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a decentralization of the workforce in many industries. Due to the stay-at-home orders to control the spread of the virus, many are working from home. Even though modern technological advancements have helped some companies adapt to this new norm, many others are still scrambling to find the best way to remotely manage employees and accommodate their needs. Our research shows that the current challenges organizations face in managing their human capital are like the ones they face due to workplace demographic changes. This study focuses on analyzing those challenges and how human competency can be unlocked and developed to encourage sustainable autonomous working in an office, at home, or during frequent traveling. This study investigates the challenges faced by both organizations and employees, and presents a new business model that helps with the sustainable use of human resources and improves employee efficiency.","PeriodicalId":6818,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)","volume":"165 1","pages":"925-932"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73268731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9673007
Pengcheng Dong, Guodong Yu
We consider a hazmat network design problem where designer selects a feasible set of facility locations and flow assignments so that the total cost and transportation risk are minimized. While hazmat carriers choose preferred routes to transport, in particular, the route-choice is uncertain and depends on the available facilities and travel links. To improve service reliability under uncertainty, we incorporate risk-averse measures based on Conditional value-at-risk (CVaR). We model the problem as a mixed-integer trilinear optimization problem, then an equivalent linearization reformulation and a Benders decomposition algorithm with several acceleration strategies are proposed to solve this model. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed model and algorithm and give management insights.
{"title":"Risk-averse Hazmat Network Design Considering Endogenous Risk and Uncertainty","authors":"Pengcheng Dong, Guodong Yu","doi":"10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9673007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEM50564.2021.9673007","url":null,"abstract":"We consider a hazmat network design problem where designer selects a feasible set of facility locations and flow assignments so that the total cost and transportation risk are minimized. While hazmat carriers choose preferred routes to transport, in particular, the route-choice is uncertain and depends on the available facilities and travel links. To improve service reliability under uncertainty, we incorporate risk-averse measures based on Conditional value-at-risk (CVaR). We model the problem as a mixed-integer trilinear optimization problem, then an equivalent linearization reformulation and a Benders decomposition algorithm with several acceleration strategies are proposed to solve this model. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed model and algorithm and give management insights.","PeriodicalId":6818,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM)","volume":"45 1","pages":"1536-1540"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73634009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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