. Ash from waste incineration generated when cleaning flue gases contain about 40 w% of water soluble salts, most containing heavy metals like Pb. A method to use the acid scrubber liquid from the air pollution control system to neutralize the alkaline ash has been developed and a full scale demonstration plant is presently being built in Copenhagen, Denmark. The project has partly been financed by EU LIFE. The plant includes steps for metal recycling, mainly Cu and Zn, and removal of chlorides from the washed solid fraction that could be used for construction purposes. Stena Recycling International finance a Professorship in Industrial Material Recycling at Chalmers Technical University in Gothenburg Sweden since more than 10 years back, where most of the research in this area takes place. Not all thermoplastic waste fractions are clean enough to be mechanically recycled. Feed stock recycling, substitutional fuel and energy recovery are possible alternatives that have been evaluated and tested in Europe. Halogens are in general the biggest challenge since they produce corrosive acids when decomposing due to increased temperature. In a more Circular Economy materials are material recycled more often than today. No sorting equipment is 100 % correct why low concentrations of contaminants will be able to detect in many recycled materials. Bio test is one efficient method to prove that even though contaminants can be detected the bio availability could be very low. Gene response monitoring has successfully been applied.
{"title":"Recycling experiences from Scandinavia, focus on ash from waste incineration and plastics","authors":"C. Forsgren","doi":"10.1063/1.5117122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117122","url":null,"abstract":". Ash from waste incineration generated when cleaning flue gases contain about 40 w% of water soluble salts, most containing heavy metals like Pb. A method to use the acid scrubber liquid from the air pollution control system to neutralize the alkaline ash has been developed and a full scale demonstration plant is presently being built in Copenhagen, Denmark. The project has partly been financed by EU LIFE. The plant includes steps for metal recycling, mainly Cu and Zn, and removal of chlorides from the washed solid fraction that could be used for construction purposes. Stena Recycling International finance a Professorship in Industrial Material Recycling at Chalmers Technical University in Gothenburg Sweden since more than 10 years back, where most of the research in this area takes place. Not all thermoplastic waste fractions are clean enough to be mechanically recycled. Feed stock recycling, substitutional fuel and energy recovery are possible alternatives that have been evaluated and tested in Europe. Halogens are in general the biggest challenge since they produce corrosive acids when decomposing due to increased temperature. In a more Circular Economy materials are material recycled more often than today. No sorting equipment is 100 % correct why low concentrations of contaminants will be able to detect in many recycled materials. Bio test is one efficient method to prove that even though contaminants can be detected the bio availability could be very low. Gene response monitoring has successfully been applied.","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90821746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of vinylacrylate graft polymers","authors":"M. Myrzakhanov, E. Negim, M. Ibrahim","doi":"10.1063/1.5117138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117138","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81095318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabian Fosheng Lo, K. Kow, H. Chua, S. Yeap, P. Kiew, Chung-Hung Chan, R. Yusoff
{"title":"Magnetically aligned nanocomposite as a novel adsorbent for copper ions removal","authors":"Fabian Fosheng Lo, K. Kow, H. Chua, S. Yeap, P. Kiew, Chung-Hung Chan, R. Yusoff","doi":"10.1063/1.5117062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73059817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thin adsorbent coating for contaminant of emerging concern (CEC) removal","authors":"M. S. Shamsudin, S. Ismail","doi":"10.1063/1.5117104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84071245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immobilization of dye pollutants on composite adsorbent coating: Screening, efficiency and adsorption mechanism","authors":"S. F. Azha, S. Ismail","doi":"10.1063/1.5117131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117131","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75763637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adsorbent from orange peel for Remazol Brilliant dye removal: Equilibrium and kinetic studies","authors":"A. Khasri, M. Jamir, M. A. Ahmad","doi":"10.1063/1.5117115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88647328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper studied the use of bifunctional ionic liquid as an extractant to extract and separate Sm-Eu-Gd mixed solutions. The extractant combined the conventional extractant di-(2-ethyl hexyl) phosphate (P204) with ionic liquid Aliquat 336 (A336) through acid/base neutralization method. This work explored the effect of extraction medium (chloride, sulphate and nitrate), acid concentration (1.5-5.0M) and organic to aqueous phase ratio (1:1, 3:2, 7:3, 4:1, 9:1) to determine the separation factor of each metals. Based on the results, Sm (III) showed the highest separation factor of total solute (β Sm/total=2.81) in the nitrate medium with the acid concentration of 3.0M and organic to aqueous phase ratio of 4:1. Sm (III) was chosen to be separated in the first stage of extraction from the Sm-Eu-Gd mixed solution. In the second stage, the optimized condition to separate the remaining Eu-Gd mixed solution into individual metal was also in the nitrate medium with organic to aqueous phase ratio of 3:2, except with lower acid concentration, 2.0M. This work shows that [A336][P204] is an impeccable extractant candidate for an improved and environmental friendly to separate Sm-Eu-Gd in both laboratory and industrial application.
{"title":"Separation of Sm-Eu-Gd mixed solutions using bifunctional ionic liquid [A336][P204]","authors":"N. Ismail, A. Hisyam, S. Shariff","doi":"10.1063/1.5117113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117113","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studied the use of bifunctional ionic liquid as an extractant to extract and separate Sm-Eu-Gd mixed solutions. The extractant combined the conventional extractant di-(2-ethyl hexyl) phosphate (P204) with ionic liquid Aliquat 336 (A336) through acid/base neutralization method. This work explored the effect of extraction medium (chloride, sulphate and nitrate), acid concentration (1.5-5.0M) and organic to aqueous phase ratio (1:1, 3:2, 7:3, 4:1, 9:1) to determine the separation factor of each metals. Based on the results, Sm (III) showed the highest separation factor of total solute (β Sm/total=2.81) in the nitrate medium with the acid concentration of 3.0M and organic to aqueous phase ratio of 4:1. Sm (III) was chosen to be separated in the first stage of extraction from the Sm-Eu-Gd mixed solution. In the second stage, the optimized condition to separate the remaining Eu-Gd mixed solution into individual metal was also in the nitrate medium with organic to aqueous phase ratio of 3:2, except with lower acid concentration, 2.0M. This work shows that [A336][P204] is an impeccable extractant candidate for an improved and environmental friendly to separate Sm-Eu-Gd in both laboratory and industrial application.","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80991515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of hydraulic retention time on palm oil mill effluent treatment in horizontal sub-surface flow constructed wetland","authors":"S. K. M. Sa’at, N. Q. Zaman, M. Yusoff","doi":"10.1063/1.5117075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80735949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of biogas produced from Cassia tora and Jatropha curcas using response surface methodology","authors":"B. Usman, M. Atiku, Mahmud Aminu Dambazau","doi":"10.1063/1.5117063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82137735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of controlled cooling for seeded batch crystallization incorporating dissolution","authors":"S. Z. Adnan, S. Saleh, N. Samad","doi":"10.1063/1.5117102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5117102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6836,"journal":{"name":"6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT (ICENV2018): Empowering Environment and Sustainable Engineering Nexus Through Green Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83635668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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